Display substrate and display apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a display substrate, comprising: a base substrate; and a plurality of light emitting units disposed on the base substrate. Each light emitting unit comprises at least two sub-light emitting units sequentially disposed in a preset direction parallel to the base substrate. Each sub-light emitting unit comprises at least two sub-pixels and a lens component disposed on light emission sides of the at least two sub-pixels. The lens component is used to adjust the angle of emergence of light incident on the lens component, so as to enable the display substrate to have at least two different viewing angles. Each of the at least two sub-light emitting units of each light emitting unit further comprises a light deflecting component disposed between the at least two sub-pixels and the lens component. The light deflecting component is used to deflect light incident on the light deflecting component in a direction away from a preset central axis perpendicular to the preset direction, and the deflected light is incident on the lens component. The present application further provides a display apparatus.

Description

Display substrate and display device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a display substrate and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional display devices are often used by two or more people simultaneously, and in many situations, different viewers may want to see different images. For example, in vehicles like cars, the driver might want to see satellite navigation data on the same display, while passengers might want to see entertainment programs like movies. This can be met by using two display devices, but this takes up extra space and increases costs. Similarly, in computer games with two or more players simultaneously, each player wants to see the game from their own perspective. Traditional display devices can only achieve this by having each player view their own screen on a separate device, requiring multiple displays, which is not only space-consuming and costly but also impractical for portable games. Furthermore, if a display device could restrict the view to a specific image or picture from a fixed position, it would be ideal for applications requiring confidentiality (such as bank ATMs).

[0003] Multi-view display refers to a display technology that allows different images or pictures to be seen from different angles on a single screen. Current technologies use gratings or lenses to separate the fields of view corresponding to different images. However, gratings have low light utilization, while lenses have a limited number of viewing angles and a small effective field of view. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a display device that can achieve multi-view display while also having a wider field of view and higher light utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a display substrate and display device that achieves multi-view display while having a larger field of view and higher light utilization.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application provide a display substrate, including a substrate and a plurality of light-emitting units disposed on the substrate. Each light-emitting unit includes at least two sub-light-emitting units arranged sequentially along a preset direction parallel to the substrate. The preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

[0006] Each of the sub-light-emitting units includes at least two sub-pixels and a lens component disposed on the light-emitting side of the at least two sub-pixels; the lens component is used to adjust the emission angle of the light incident on the lens component so that the display substrate has at least two different viewing angles;

[0007] Each of the at least two sub-light-emitting units of each of the light-emitting units further includes a light-deflecting component disposed between the at least two sub-pixels and the lens component; the light-deflecting component is used to deflect the light incident on the light-deflecting component in a direction away from a preset central axis perpendicular to the preset direction, and the deflected light is incident on the lens component.

[0008] In some embodiments, the orthographic projections of at least two of the sub-light-emitting units onto a preset projection surface constitute an axisymmetric structure that is symmetrical with respect to a preset central axis; the preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the light deflection component includes at least one prism, the prism having an incident surface and an exit surface, the incident surface and the exit surface forming a first angle.

[0010] In some embodiments, the angle between the light rays entering the light deflection member from the incident surface and the light rays exiting from the exit surface is a preset second angle;

[0011] The first included angle is determined based on the second included angle and the refractive index of the prism.

[0012] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the prism on the preset projection surface includes an isosceles triangle, and the orthographic projection shapes of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection surface are respectively the two legs of the isosceles triangle; the preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first included angle satisfies the following relationship:

[0014] Wherein, the first included angle is β, the second included angle is α, and n is the refractive index of the prism.

[0015] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the prism on the preset projection surface includes a right triangle, and the orthographic projection shape of one of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection surface is the right-angled side of the right triangle, and the orthographic projection shape of the other of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection surface is the hypotenuse of the right triangle; the preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the prism is a single prism located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit, except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis.

[0017] In some embodiments, the sub-light-emitting unit has at least two prisms, which are arranged sequentially along the preset direction. Each prism is located on the light-emitting side of at least one of the sub-pixels of the sub-light-emitting unit, and different prisms correspond to different sub-pixels.

[0018] In some embodiments, there are two prisms, namely a first prism and a second prism, wherein the first prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis; and the second prism is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis.

[0019] The incident surface of the first prism forms an angle with the incident surface of the second prism, and the exit surface of the first prism forms an angle with the exit surface of the second prism.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second prism is configured to deflect light rays incident on the second prism from the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis in a direction away from the preset central axis, and the lens component is configured to cause light rays emitted from the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis and incident on the lens component to exit in a direction perpendicular to the substrate.

[0021] In some embodiments, there are multiple incident surfaces, which are arranged sequentially along the preset direction, and the included angles between the multiple incident surfaces and the exit surface are different.

[0022] In some embodiments, the prism is a single prism located on the light-emitting side of all the sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit;

[0023] There are two incident surfaces, namely a first incident surface and a second incident surface. The first incident surface is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis. The second incident surface is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis.

[0024] In some embodiments, the preset center line of the orthogonal projection of the lens component in at least one of the sub-light-emitting units onto a preset projection plane forms an angle with a plane parallel to the substrate; the preset projection plane is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

[0025] In some embodiments, the incident surface of the lens component is a plane or a convex curved surface; the exit surface of the lens component is a convex curved surface.

[0026] In some embodiments, there are two sub-light-emitting units, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit and a second sub-light-emitting unit, and each of the first sub-light-emitting unit and the second sub-light-emitting unit includes at least one sub-pixel, the lens component, and at least one prism;

[0027] The light deflection component includes at least one prism, the prism having an incident surface and an exit surface, the incident surface and the exit surface forming a first angle; the lens component in the first sub-light-emitting unit and the second sub-light-emitting unit forms an angle between the preset center line of the orthographic projection on the preset projection surface and the plane parallel to the substrate.

[0028] In some embodiments, there are three sub-light-emitting units, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit, a second sub-light-emitting unit, and a third sub-light-emitting unit arranged sequentially along the preset direction. The first sub-light-emitting unit and the third sub-light-emitting unit each include at least one sub-pixel, the lens component, and at least one prism. The second sub-light-emitting unit includes at least one sub-pixel and the lens component.

[0029] The preset center line of the orthographic projection of the lens component in the first sub-light-emitting unit and the third sub-light-emitting unit on the preset projection surface forms an angle with the plane parallel to the substrate.

[0030] The preset center line of the orthogonal projection of the lens component in the second sub-light-emitting unit onto the preset projection surface is parallel to the substrate.

[0031] In some embodiments, the focal length of the lens component is determined based on the maximum distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the prism and the refractive index of the prism.

[0032] In some embodiments, the focal length of the lens component satisfies the following relationship: 0.8×n×d≤f≤1.2×n×d

[0033] Where f is the focal length of the lens component; d is the maximum distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the prism; and n is the refractive index of the prism.

[0034] In some embodiments, each of the light-emitting units includes a first light-blocking component, and the first light-blocking component is disposed between every two adjacent sub-light-emitting units;

[0035] The display substrate further includes a second light-blocking component, which is disposed between every two adjacent light-emitting units in the preset direction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the light emitted by each sub-pixel of each sub-light-emitting unit exits along a viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel after passing through the lens component, and the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel of each sub-light-emitting unit is different.

[0037] In some embodiments, the color and brightness of each of the sub-pixels of the sub-light-emitting unit are set to be individually adjustable.

[0038] In some embodiments, each light-emitting unit includes multiple light sources, which are arranged in at least two columns in a plane parallel to the substrate and in a direction perpendicular to the preset direction. In each column, multiple light sources are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the preset direction, and all columns contain the same number of light sources, which are staggered one-to-one in a direction parallel to the preset direction.

[0039] As another technical solution, this application embodiment also provides a display device, including the display substrate provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 is a first cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection surface provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 is a second cross-sectional view of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection surface provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 shows the view separation simulation diagrams from seven different perspectives in Figure 2;

[0043] Figure 4 is a third cross-sectional view of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection plane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 is a two-dimensional view distribution diagram of the first to seventh viewpoints in Figure 4;

[0045] Figure 6 is a fourth cross-sectional view of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection plane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 is a two-dimensional view distribution diagram of the first to eighth viewpoints in Figure 6;

[0047] Figure 8 is a fifth cross-sectional view of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection plane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 is a sixth cross-sectional view of a single light-emitting unit on a preset projection plane provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 10 is an arrangement diagram of all light sources of a single light-emitting unit provided in an embodiment of this application on a plane parallel to the substrate.

[0050] Figure 11 is a diagram showing the arrangement of all light sources in Figure 10 as orthographic projections onto a preset projection plane;

[0051] Figure 12 is another arrangement of all light sources of a single light-emitting unit provided in the embodiment of this application on a plane parallel to the substrate.

[0052] Figure 13 is a diagram showing the arrangement of all light sources in Figure 12 as orthographic projections onto a preset projection surface. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] The shapes and sizes of the components in the accompanying drawings do not reflect actual proportions and are intended only to facilitate understanding of the contents of the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "an," "a," or "the," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising," "including," etc., mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms "connected," "linked," etc., are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0056] The embodiments of this application are not limited to those shown in the accompanying drawings, but include modifications to the configuration based on the manufacturing process. Therefore, the areas illustrated in the drawings are schematic, and the shapes of the areas shown in the drawings illustrate the specific shapes of the areas of the element, but are not intended to be limiting.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1. This application embodiment provides a display substrate, including a substrate 120 and a plurality of light-emitting units 100 disposed on the substrate 120. Figure 1 shows only a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one of the light-emitting units 100 on a preset projection plane. Each light-emitting unit 100 includes at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 sequentially disposed along a preset direction Y parallel to the substrate 120. For example, Figure 1 shows two sub-light-emitting units 10, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and a second sub-light-emitting unit 10b. The substrate 120 has a mounting surface for mounting the plurality of light-emitting units 100, which is parallel to the plane in which the substrate 120 is located. The aforementioned preset direction Y is any direction within the mounting surface. Taking the substrate 120 as a rectangular substrate as an example, the preset direction Y is, for example, parallel to the long side of the rectangular substrate. When the rectangular substrate is placed on a horizontal plane, if the long side of the rectangular substrate is parallel to the horizontal plane, then the aforementioned preset direction Y is parallel to the horizontal plane. Of course, the aforementioned preset direction Y can also be parallel to the short side of the rectangular substrate. When the rectangular substrate is placed on a horizontal plane, if the long side of the rectangular substrate is parallel to the horizontal plane, then the aforementioned preset direction Y is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0058] In some embodiments, the orthographic projections of at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 onto a preset projection plane constitute an axisymmetric structure symmetrical with respect to a preset central axis O. This preset projection plane is perpendicular to the substrate 120 and parallel to the aforementioned preset direction Y, i.e., parallel to the plane of the paper in FIG1. ​​For example, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in FIG1, when projected onto the preset projection plane, constitute an axisymmetric structure symmetrical with respect to the preset central axis O. Specifically, the preset central axis O is, for example, the central axis perpendicular to the aforementioned preset direction Y of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting unit 100 onto the preset projection plane. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this; the preset central axis O can be a straight line of the light-emitting unit 100 at any position perpendicular to the aforementioned preset direction Y. The overall structure composed of at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 is an axisymmetric structure symmetrical with respect to this central axis. Of course, in practical applications, the orthographic projections of at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 onto the preset projection plane can also be non-axisymmetric structures.

[0059] Based on this, each sub-light-emitting unit 10 includes at least two sub-pixels 11, and each sub-pixel 11 includes a light source or an array of multiple light sources, such as an LED lamp or an LED chip. The light sources in the same sub-pixel 11 are configured to emit the same light, for example. Here, the same light includes, but is not limited to, the same color and brightness. At least some of the sub-pixels 11 in each sub-light-emitting unit 10 emit light of different colors; that is, the colors of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 in each sub-light-emitting unit 10 are not the same, or some are the same while others are different. In a specific embodiment, each sub-light-emitting unit 10 includes, for example, four sub-pixels 11. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this; in practical applications, each sub-light-emitting unit 10 may also include two, three, five, or more sub-pixels 11.

[0060] It should be noted that each light-emitting unit 100 includes multiple light sources distributed on a plane parallel to the substrate 120. The multiple light sources are divided into multiple light source groups according to multiple different sub-light-emitting units. The multiple light sources in each light source group are further divided into multiple sub-light source groups according to multiple different sub-pixels 11. That is to say, the array of one or more light sources included in each sub-pixel 11 is the light source in a partition divided from the area where all light sources are located.

[0061] In some embodiments, multiple light sources distributed on a plane parallel to the substrate 120 are arranged in an array, for example. Specifically, taking the arrangement of multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 in a plane parallel to the substrate 120 as an example, the multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 are arranged in at least two columns along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction Y. The multiple light sources in each column are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y, and the number of light sources in all columns is the same, and they are staggered one-to-one along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. In this way, it can be ensured that the orthographic projections of all light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 on the preset projection plane are arranged sequentially along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y, and that adjacent orthographic projections are staggered and do not overlap. That is, the orthographic projections of all light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 on the preset projection plane are arranged in a column along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y.

[0062] For example, Figure 10 shows a series of light sources arranged in four columns in each light-emitting unit 100, namely, a first column of light sources 110a, a second column of light sources 110b, a third column of light sources 110c, and a fourth column of light sources 110d arranged from left to right (i.e., along the X direction). The multiple light sources 111a in the first column of light sources 110a are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. The multiple light sources 111b in the second column of light sources 110b are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. The multiple light sources 111c in the third column of light sources 110c are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. The multiple light sources 111d in the fourth column of light sources 110d are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. Figure 11 shows that multiple light sources 111a in the first column of light sources 110a, multiple light sources 111b in the second column of light sources 110b, multiple light sources 111c in the third column of light sources 110c, and multiple light sources 111d in the fourth column of light sources 110d are staggered one-to-one in a direction parallel to the preset direction Y, so that their orthographic projections on the preset projection surface are arranged in a column in a direction parallel to the preset direction Y.

[0063] For example, Figure 12 shows multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 arranged in two columns, namely a first column of light sources 110a and a second column of light sources 110b arranged from left to right (i.e., along the X direction). Multiple light sources 111a in the first column of light sources 110a are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y, and multiple light sources 111b in the second column of light sources 110b are spaced apart along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y. Figure 13 shows that multiple light sources 111a in the first column of light sources 110a and multiple light sources 111b in the second column of light sources 110b are staggered one-to-one along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y, so that their orthographic projections on the preset projection surface are arranged in a column along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y.

[0064] As can be seen from the above, compared to the multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 being arranged sequentially in a light source column along a direction parallel to the preset direction Y on a plane parallel to the substrate 120 (assuming the number of light sources in the light source column is N), by arranging the multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 into at least two light source columns along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction Y, the number of light sources in each light source column can be less than N, and the interval between each two adjacent light sources can be increased. At the same time, the sum of the number of orthographic projections of at least two light source columns on the preset projection plane is equal to N. For example, each light-emitting unit 100 shown in FIG1 includes multiple light sources distributed on a plane parallel to the substrate 120. The multiple light sources are arranged, for example, on a plane parallel to the substrate 120 in the manner shown in FIG10 or FIG12. These light sources are divided into multiple light source groups according to multiple different sub-light-emitting units. For example, according to the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in Figure 1, multiple light sources are divided into two light source groups. The multiple light sources in each light source group are further divided into multiple sub-light source groups according to multiple different sub-pixels 11. That is to say, the array of one or more light sources included in each sub-pixel 11 is the light source in a partition divided from the area where all light sources are located.

[0065] The sum of the number of orthographic projections of all light sources in the first light source column 110a, the second light source column 110b, the third light source column 110c, and the fourth light source column 110d onto the aforementioned preset projection plane is 16. The number of light sources in each of the first light source column 110a, the second light source column 110b, the third light source column 110c, and the fourth light source column 110d is 4. If the multiple light sources in each light-emitting unit 100 are arranged in only one light source column on a plane parallel to the substrate 120, and N = 16, then the number of light sources in each of the first light source column 110a, the second light source column 110b, the third light source column 110c, and the fourth light source column 110d is one-quarter of N.

[0066] In other words, the number of combinations of orthographic projections of at least two light source columns onto the aforementioned preset projection surface is equivalent to the number of light sources arranged in only one light source column on a plane parallel to the substrate 120, thus achieving the same light source effect. Furthermore, since the spacing between adjacent light sources in each light source column is increased, sufficient space can be reserved for the installation of each light source, thereby reducing the requirements for dimensional and installation errors, and consequently reducing manufacturing and installation difficulties.

[0067] Each sub-light-emitting unit 10 further includes a lens component 12 disposed on the light-emitting side of at least two sub-pixels 11. That is, each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is correspondingly provided with a lens component 12, which is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 of the sub-light-emitting unit 10. The lens component 12 can converge the light incident on the lens component 12 to adjust the exit angle of the light incident on the lens component 12, thereby giving the display substrate at least two different viewing angles, thus enabling multi-view display of the image. It is easy to understand that each sub-pixel 11 corresponds to one viewing angle, and different sub-pixels 11 correspond to different viewing angles. In a specific embodiment, FIG1 shows two sub-light-emitting units 10, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and a second sub-light-emitting unit 10b. Each sub-light-emitting unit 10 includes, for example, four sub-pixels 11. The light emitted by the four sub-pixels 11, after being incident on the lens component 12, can exit along four different viewing angles under the converging effect of the lens component 12, thereby giving the display substrate four different viewing angles, thus enabling multi-view display of the image. Specifically, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a can realize light propagation from the first to the fourth viewing angle (A1 to A4); the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b can realize light propagation from the fifth to the eighth viewing angle (A5 to A8). Based on this, since at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 in each light-emitting unit 100 are configured as an axisymmetric structure, when each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can realize light propagation from four different viewing angles, at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 can realize light propagation from more viewing angles, thereby increasing the number of viewing angles. For example, in Figure 1, the first to the eighth viewing angles (A1 to A8) are all different, thus realizing a total of eight different viewing angles of light propagation. It is easy to understand that the four viewing angles realized by each sub-light-emitting unit 10 form four different angles with respect to the preset central axis O. In this case, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can realize a total of eight different viewing angles of light propagation. However, if one of the four viewing angles achieved by each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is parallel to the preset central axis O, then since the two sub-light-emitting units 10 are configured as an axially symmetric structure, this means that one of the four viewing angles achieved by each of the two sub-light-emitting units 10 is parallel to the preset central axis O. In other words, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 have a common viewing angle, thus achieving the fusion of the two viewing angles. In this case, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can achieve light propagation from a total of seven different viewing angles. It should be noted that if two sub-light-emitting units 10 have viewing angles that are relatively close, they can also be considered as the same viewing angle.

[0068] Each of the at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 of each light-emitting unit 100 further includes a light-deflecting component 13 disposed between at least two sub-pixels 11 and the lens component 12. The light-deflecting component 13 is used to deflect the light incident on the light-deflecting component 13 in a direction away from the preset central axis O, and the deflected light is incident on the lens component 12. Compared with the angle of view of the light that does not pass through the light-deflecting component 13 and exits directly after passing through the lens component 12, by deflecting the incident light in a direction away from the preset central axis O by the light-deflecting component 13, the angle between the angle of view of the deflected light after passing through the lens component 12 and the preset central axis O can be larger. Therefore, the sub-light-emitting unit 10 provided with the light-deflecting component 13 can form a larger field of view. Combined with the use of the lens component 12, a larger number of light rays with different angles can be propagated within a larger field of view. Preferably, based on the overall structure of at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 being an axisymmetric structure symmetrical with respect to the central axis, the sub-light-emitting units 10 symmetrically located on both sides of the preset central axis O and provided with light deflection components 13 can form a larger field of view.

[0069] In one specific embodiment, Figure 1 shows two sub-light-emitting units 10, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and a second sub-light-emitting unit 10b. Both are configured as an axisymmetric structure and each includes the aforementioned light-deflecting component 13. This light-deflecting component 13 can deflect incident light rays away from the preset central axis O. For example, it can deflect light rays incident along a direction parallel to the preset central axis O by 30° away from the preset central axis O. When each sub-light-emitting unit 10 achieves light propagation from four different angles using the lens component 12, the field of view of the four angles of the sub-light-emitting unit 10 located above the preset central axis O in Figure 1 is approximately 0° to 60°, and the field of view of the four angles of the sub-light-emitting unit 10 located below the preset central axis O in Figure 1 is approximately -60° to 0°. These two sub-light-emitting units 10 together constitute a field of view range of -60° to 60°, ultimately achieving light propagation from up to eight different angles within a 120° field of view range. It is easy to understand that the arrows in Figure 1 indicate the deflection direction of light rays emitted from each sub-pixel 11 along a direction parallel to the preset central axis O after entering the light deflection member 13, and the direction of propagation along the corresponding viewing angle under the converging effect of the lens member 12. In practical applications, the light rays emitted by each sub-pixel 11 along a direction parallel to the preset central axis O can be the main direction of light rays of each sub-pixel 11, that is, most of the light rays are emitted along a direction parallel to the preset central axis O. However, each sub-pixel 11 also emits a portion of light rays in other directions. This portion of light rays deviates from the main direction of light rays within a certain range, but if it enters the light deflection member 13, it will also be deflected in a direction away from the preset central axis O. In addition, light rays from different sub-pixels 11 that enter the light deflection member 13 in the same direction will exit from the light deflection member 13 in the same direction.

[0070] As can be seen from the above, the display substrate provided in this application embodiment, by combining the light deflection component 13 and the lens component 12, can achieve the propagation of a greater number of light rays from different viewing angles within a wider field of view. Moreover, compared with the prior art that uses gratings or lenses to achieve multi-angle light propagation, the light utilization rate of this application embodiment is higher, thereby improving the display effect.

[0071] In some embodiments, in order to improve light utilization while achieving light deflection, the light deflection component 13 includes at least one prism, which includes an incident surface 131 and an exit surface 132, with the incident surface 131 and the exit surface 132 forming a first angle β. At least a portion of the light emitted by at least one of the sub-pixels 11 of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can enter the prism from the incident surface 131 and then exit the prism via the exit surface 132. The light emitted from the prism will be deflected at a certain angle relative to the light entering the prism from the incident surface 131 in a direction away from the preset central axis O. In practical applications, the size of the first angle β can be determined according to the desired deflection angle (corresponding to the desired field of view range).

[0072] Furthermore, the magnitude of the aforementioned first included angle β can be determined in various ways. For example, the angle between the light ray entering the light deflection component 13 from the incident surface 131 and the light ray exiting from the exit surface 132 is a preset second included angle α, which is a preset value determined based on the desired deflection angle (corresponding to the desired field of view range). Based on this, the first included angle β can be determined according to the second included angle α and the refractive index of the prism.

[0073] Specifically, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the orthographic projection shape of the prism on the aforementioned preset projection plane includes an isosceles triangle. In this case, the orthographic projection shapes of the incident surface 131 and the exit surface 132 of the prism on the preset projection plane are respectively the two legs of the aforementioned isosceles triangle. An isosceles triangle is a triangle with at least two equal sides. The two equal sides are called the legs of the isosceles triangle, that is, the left and right sides of the prism in FIG1.

[0074] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first included angle β satisfies, for example, the following relationship:

[0075] Wherein, the first included angle β is β, the second included angle α is α, and n is the refractive index of the prism.

[0076] In some other embodiments, referring to Figure 2, the orthographic projection shape of the prism on the preset projection plane includes a right-angled triangle. One of the incident surface 131 and the exit surface 132 has its orthographic projection on the preset projection plane formed by the right-angled side of the right triangle, while the other has its orthographic projection on the preset projection plane formed by the hypotenuse of the right triangle. That is, the incident surface 131 of the prism is the right-angled side of the right triangle, and the exit surface 132 is the hypotenuse of the right triangle; or, the incident surface 131 of the prism is the hypotenuse of the right triangle, and the exit surface 132 is the right-angled side of the right triangle.

[0077] In practical applications, the orthographic shape of the prism on the preset projection plane, as well as the size of the aforementioned first included angle β, can be selected based on the desired deflection angle (corresponding to the desired field of view range). For example, the orthographic shape of the prism on the preset projection plane can also include an isosceles trapezoid or a right trapezoid, etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, there is one prism, and the prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10. In this case, at least part of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 will be incident into the prism and deflected away from the preset central axis O when it exits the prism under the action of the prism. In this case, the prism can deflect the light incident into the prism by all sub-pixels 11. Since the angle between the angle of light exiting after passing through the lens component 12 and the preset central axis O is larger under this deflection, the sub-light-emitting unit 10, which is symmetrically located on both sides of the preset central axis O and equipped with a prism, does not have the same or similar angles among all the angles achieved, thereby achieving a greater number of different angles. For example, taking the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in FIG1, and both of them are equipped with prisms, if each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can achieve light propagation at four different angles, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can achieve a total of eight different angles, namely the first angle to the eighth angle (A1 to A8).

[0079] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, there is one prism, and the prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O. In this case, at least part of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O will be incident on the prism, and under the action of the prism, it will be deflected in a direction away from the preset central axis O when it exits the prism. At least part of the light emitted by the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O will be directly incident on the lens component 12. Since the sub-pixel 11a is furthest from the preset central axis O, the angle between the angle of its emitted light after exiting the lens component 12 and the preset central axis O is compared with the angle of convergence of the lens component 12. Since the other sub-pixels 11 are the smallest, for example, a viewing angle parallel to or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O can be achieved. Therefore, when the prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O, one of the viewing angles achieved by each sub-light-emitting unit 10 (i.e., the viewing angle corresponding to the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O) can be parallel to or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. This allows the sub-light-emitting units 10, which are symmetrically located on both sides of the preset central axis O and equipped with prisms, to have viewing angles with the same or similar angles. For example, taking the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in Figure 2, both of which are equipped with prisms, when each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can achieve light propagation from four different angles, one of the four angles achieved by each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. That is, the angle corresponding to the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. In this case, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can achieve light propagation from seven different angles, namely the first angle to the seventh angle (A1 to A7) shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows a simulation diagram of the viewpoint separation of the seven different angles in Figure 2, where the horizontal axis is the viewing angle and the vertical axis is the display brightness at the corresponding angle. As can be seen from Figure 3, the first angle to the seventh angle (A1 to A7) are all different, achieving viewpoint separation in seven directions.

[0080] As can be seen from the above, by selectively placing the prism on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 or on the light-emitting side of a portion of the sub-pixels 11, light propagation at different numbers of angles can be achieved. In Figure 2 above, the prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. In practical applications, the prism can also be located on the light-emitting side of other sub-pixels 11 besides at least two sub-pixels 11 furthest from the preset central axis O.

[0081] In some embodiments, the sub-light-emitting unit 10 has at least two prisms, arranged sequentially along a preset direction Y. Each prism is located on the light-emitting side of at least one of the sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10, and different prisms correspond to different sub-pixels 11. In this case, different prisms can be used to deflect at least a portion of the light emitted by different sub-pixels 11, thereby enabling the propagation of light from different angles and adjusting the field of view. To achieve this effect, at least one of the prisms in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 has a different orthographic projection shape on a preset projection plane, and / or the size of the first included angle β is different, and / or the angle between the incident surface 131 of the prism and the preset central axis O is different, and / or the angle between the exit surface 132 of the prism and the preset central axis O is different.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG4, there are two prisms, namely a first prism 13a and a second prism 13b. The first prism 13a is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11 furthest from the preset central axis O; the second prism 13b is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O; the incident surface 131 of the first prism 13a and the incident surface 131 of the second prism 13b form an angle, and the exit surface 132 of the first prism 13a and the exit surface 132 of the second prism 13b form an angle. Because the incident surface 131 of the first prism 13a and the incident surface 131 of the second prism 13b form an angle, and the exit surface 132 of the first prism 13a and the exit surface 132 of the second prism 13b form an angle, the angles between the incident surfaces 131 of the first prism 13a and the second prism 13b and the preset central axis O are different, and the angles between the exit surfaces 132 of the first prism 13a and the second prism 13b and the preset central axis O are also different. Therefore, the first prism 13a and the second prism 13b can respectively deflect at least a portion of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 except the sub-pixel 11 furthest from the preset central axis O, and the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O. For example, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in FIG. 4, and both of them are provided with the first prism 13a. Taking 3a and the second prism 13b as examples, when each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can achieve light propagation from four different angles, at least part of the light emitted by the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O can be deflected by the second prism 13b and, after entering the lens component 12, can exit in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 120. That is, the angle of light emitted from the lens component 12 is parallel to or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. At least part of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 except the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O is deflected in a direction away from the preset central axis O by the first prism 13a. Thus, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can achieve light propagation from seven different angles, namely the first angle to the seventh angle (A1 to A7) shown in FIG4. FIG5 is a two-dimensional angle distribution diagram of the first angle to the seventh angle (A1 to A7) shown in FIG4. As shown in FIG5, the horizontal axis X is the direction perpendicular to the preset direction Y in FIG4. The vertical axis Y is parallel to the preset direction Y in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 5, seven different viewing angles are distributed at different positions along the vertical axis Y, allowing different images to be displayed simultaneously from seven different perspectives. Furthermore, the orthographic projection shapes of the first prism 13a and the second prism 13b on the preset projection plane can be the same or different. For example, in Figure 5, both the first prism 13a and the second prism 13b are right-angled triangles, but their incident and exit surfaces have different angles. The size of the aforementioned first included angle β can be the same or different.

[0083] In some embodiments, to simplify the structure and reduce manufacturing difficulty and cost, the prism has multiple incident surfaces 131, arranged sequentially along a preset direction Y, with different angles between the multiple incident surfaces 131 and the exit surface 132. In this case, the same prism can deflect at least a portion of the light emitted from different sub-pixels 11 through multiple different incident surfaces 131, thereby enabling light propagation from different numbers of viewing angles and adjusting the field of view. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the prism can also have multiple exit surfaces 132, arranged sequentially along a preset direction Y, with different angles between the multiple exit surfaces 132 and the incident surface 131. This also enables light propagation from different numbers of viewing angles and adjusting the field of view.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG6, there is one prism located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10; there are two incident surfaces 131, namely a first incident surface 131a and a second incident surface 131b. The first incident surface 131a is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O; the second incident surface 131b is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O. The two parts of the prism corresponding to the first incident surface 131a and the second incident surface 131b can respectively play different deflection roles on at least part of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 except for the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O and the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O. For example, taking the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b shown in FIG6, and both of them are provided with prisms, when each sub-light-emitting unit 10 can realize the propagation of light from four different angles, the light emitted from the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis can be deflected. At least a portion of the light emitted by sub-pixel 11a of O is deflected away from the preset central axis O by the deflection effect of the portion corresponding to the second incident surface 131b of the prism. At least a portion of the light emitted by all sub-pixels 11 except the sub-pixel 11 furthest from the preset central axis O is deflected away from the preset central axis O by the deflection effect of the portion corresponding to the first incident surface 131a of the prism. Thus, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can realize light propagation from eight different angles, namely the first angle to the eighth angle (A1 to A8) in Figure 6. Figure 7 is a two-dimensional angle distribution diagram of the first angle to the eighth angle (A1 to A8) shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 6, it can be seen that there are eight different angles distributed at different positions in the vertical direction, and different images can be displayed from eight different angles at the same time.

[0085] In summary, by adjusting the number of prisms, the number of sub-pixels 11 on the light-emitting side of the prisms, the number of incident surfaces 131 of the prisms, and the number of exit surfaces 132 of the prisms, light propagation from different numbers of viewing angles can be achieved, and the field of view range can also be adjusted. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. In practical applications, other structures can be used for the prisms, as long as they can achieve light propagation from different numbers of viewing angles and adjustment of the field of view range, all of which fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0086] In some embodiments, in order to enable the light rays deflected by the prism to be incident on the lens component 12, the preset center line of the orthogonal projection of the lens component 12 in at least one sub-light-emitting unit 10 forms an angle with the plane parallel to the substrate 120.

[0087] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, there are two sub-light-emitting units 10, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and a second sub-light-emitting unit 10b. Both the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b include at least one sub-pixel 11, a lens component 12, and at least one prism. The first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b are configured as an axisymmetric structure. Based on this, the angle between the preset center line of the orthographic projection of the lens component 12 onto the preset projection plane (as shown by the preset center line O1 in Figure 1) and the plane parallel to the substrate 120 is equal to a first angle β. This preset center line is the orthographic projection of the intersection of the incident surface 121 and the exit surface 122 of the lens component 12 onto the preset projection plane. Taking an ellipse or semi-ellipse as an example, the major axis of the ellipse or semi-ellipse is the preset center line. By making the preset center line of the orthographic projection of the lens component 12 on the preset projection surface form an angle with the plane parallel to the substrate 120, such as equal to the second angle α mentioned above, it is possible to enable light rays deflected by the prism to enter the lens component 12, thereby enabling the propagation of more light rays from different angles within a larger field of view.

[0088] Furthermore, in some embodiments, to achieve a converging effect on incident light, the incident surface 121 of the lens component 12 is a plane or a convex curved surface; the exit surface 122 of the lens component 12 is a convex curved surface. For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, the orthographic projection of the lens component 12 on the preset projection plane is an ellipse. In this case, both the incident surface 121 and the exit surface 122 of the lens component 12 are convex curved surfaces. Alternatively, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the orthographic projection of the lens component 12 on the preset projection plane is a semi-ellipse. In this case, the incident surface 121 of the lens component 12 is a plane, and the exit surface 122 is a convex curved surface. Of course, in practical applications, the incident surface 121 and the exit surface 122 of the lens component 12 can also adopt other shapes that enable the lens component 12 to achieve a light-converging effect. Furthermore, when the lens component 12 is combined with the prism, the shapes of the incident surface 121 and the exit surface 122 of the lens component 12 can be determined according to the structure of the prism to achieve light propagation from different angles and to adjust the field of view range.

[0089] The contour dimensions (including but not limited to surface curvature, major axis dimension, and minor axis dimension) of the lens component 12 can be obtained in various ways. For example, it can be obtained by determining the focal length of the lens component 12, which can be determined, for example, based on the maximum distance between the incident surface 131 and the exit surface 132 of the prism and the refractive index of the prism. In some embodiments, the focal length of the lens component 12 satisfies the following relationship: 0.8×n×d≤f≤1.2×n×d

[0090] Where f is the focal length of the lens component 12; d is the maximum distance between the incident surface 131 and the exit surface 132 of the prism; and n is the refractive index of the prism.

[0091] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG8, there are three sub-light-emitting units 10, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit 10a, a second sub-light-emitting unit 10b, and a third sub-light-emitting unit 10c arranged sequentially along a preset direction Y. The first sub-light-emitting unit 10a, the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b, and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c are configured as an axisymmetric structure. Based on this, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c each include at least one sub-pixel 11, a lens component 12, and at least one prism; the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b includes at least one sub-pixel 11 and a lens component 12. That is, the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b does not have a prism. Based on this, the angle between the preset center line O1 of the orthogonal projection of the lens component 12 in the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c onto the preset projection plane and the plane parallel to the substrate 120 (i.e., the plane parallel to the preset direction Y) is equal to the aforementioned second angle α; the preset center line O3 of the orthogonal projection of the lens component 12 in the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b onto the preset projection plane is parallel to the substrate 120 (i.e., parallel to the preset direction Y). In this case, by combining the lens component 12 and at least one prism, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c can achieve that the light rays deflected by the prism can be incident on the lens component 12, thereby enabling the propagation of a greater number of light rays from different viewing angles within a larger field of view. The second sub-light-emitting unit 10b can also achieve the propagation of a greater number of light rays from different viewing angles through the lens component 12.

[0092] In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG8, both the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c include two sub-pixels 11, a prism, and a lens component 12. Both the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c can achieve light propagation from two different viewing angles, for a total of four different viewing angles. Specifically, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a achieves light propagation from a first viewing angle A1 and a second viewing angle A2; the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c achieves light propagation from a sixth viewing angle A1 and a seventh viewing angle A7; and, with the aid of the prism, the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c can jointly form a larger field of view. Based on this, the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b includes three sub-pixels 11 and a lens component 12. The three sub-pixels 11 and the lens component 12 are configured in an axially symmetric structure and can achieve light propagation from three different viewing angles, namely, the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b achieves light propagation from a third viewing angle A3, a fourth viewing angle A4, and a fifth viewing angle A5.

[0093] In the above embodiments, as shown in FIG1, each light-emitting unit 100 includes a first light-blocking component 21. A first light-blocking component 21 is provided between every two adjacent sub-light-emitting units 10. The first light-blocking component 21 can block light between two adjacent sub-light-emitting units 10, avoid mutual interference between them, and reduce crosstalk between viewing angles. The first light-blocking component 21 is made of, for example, an opaque material.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the display substrate further includes a second light-blocking component 22, which is disposed between every two adjacent light-emitting units 100 in a preset direction Y. The second light-blocking component 22 can block light between two adjacent light-emitting units 100, preventing them from interfering with each other and reducing crosstalk between viewing angles. Furthermore, for example, one second light-blocking component 22 can be shared between every two adjacent light-emitting units 100. The second light-blocking component 22 is made of an opaque material.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, the light emitted by each sub-pixel 11 of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 exits along the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel 11 after passing through the lens component 12, and the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel 11 of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is different. Since at least two sub-pixels 11 of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 are arranged along a preset direction Y, at least part of the light emitted by different sub-pixels 11 is incident at different positions on the incident surface 131 of the lens component 12. Based on the lens component 12 being tilted relative to the preset central axis O, at least part of the light emitted by different sub-pixels 11 can exit from the lens component 12 along different viewing angles, thereby achieving that the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel 11 of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is different, that is, the number of different viewing angles of each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is the same as the number of sub-pixels 11.

[0096] In other embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, one of the four viewing angles realized by each sub-light-emitting unit 10 is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. That is, the viewing angle corresponding to the sub-pixel 11a furthest from the preset central axis O is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset central axis O. In this case, the two sub-light-emitting units 10 can realize light propagation from seven different viewing angles, namely the first to the seventh viewing angles (A1 to A7) shown in Figure 2.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the color and brightness of each of the sub-pixels 11 in at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 are set to be individually adjustable. By individually modulating the color and brightness of each sub-pixel 11 in the sub-light-emitting unit 10, the images viewed from multiple different viewpoints can be flexibly controlled to be the same or different. In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG9, all sub-pixels 11 in at least two sub-light-emitting units 10 can be used as the same group, that is, they are no longer grouped according to different sub-light-emitting units 10, but constitute an overall light-emitting group 10'. The color and brightness of each sub-pixel 11 in the overall light-emitting group 10' can be individually adjusted. When there are three sub-light-emitting units 10, namely the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a, the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b, and the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c arranged sequentially along a preset direction Y, if the two sub-pixels corresponding to the first sub-light-emitting unit 10a in the overall light-emitting group 10' emit the same light, then the images viewed from the two viewpoints realized by the first sub-light-emitting unit 10b (i.e., the first viewpoint A1 and the second viewpoint A2) are the same. If two sub-pixels corresponding to the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c in the overall light-emitting group 10' emit different light rays, then the images viewed from the two different viewpoints realized by the third sub-light-emitting unit 10c (i.e., the sixth viewpoint A6 and the seventh viewpoint A7) are different. If three sub-pixels 11 corresponding to the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b in the overall light-emitting group 10' emit the same light rays, then the images viewed from the three different viewpoints realized by the second sub-light-emitting unit 10b (i.e., the third viewpoint A3, the fourth viewpoint A4, and the fifth viewpoint A5) are the same. As can be seen from the above, by individually modulating each sub-pixel 11, the number of viewpoints for viewing different images, the number of viewpoints for viewing the same image, and the field of view range for viewing the same image can be flexibly adjusted. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the same light rays refer to light rays with the same color and brightness, and different light rays refer to light rays with at least one different color and brightness.

[0098] In some embodiments, the brightness of each of the sub-pixels 11 of the sub-light-emitting unit 10 is set to be individually adjustable. By individually adjusting the brightness of each sub-pixel 11, the light intensity distribution corresponding to each sub-pixel 11 can be corrected.

[0099] As another technical solution, this application embodiment also provides a display device, including the display substrate provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of this application.

[0100] The display device provided in this application embodiment, by employing the display substrate provided in this application embodiment, can realize the propagation of more light from different angles within a larger field of view.

[0101] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this application, and this application is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, The display includes a substrate and a plurality of light-emitting units disposed on the substrate. Each light-emitting unit includes at least two sub-light-emitting units arranged sequentially along a predetermined direction parallel to the substrate. Each sub-light-emitting unit includes at least two sub-pixels and a lens component disposed on the light-emitting side of the at least two sub-pixels. The lens component is used to adjust the emission angle of light incident on the lens component so that the display substrate has at least two different viewing angles. Each of the at least two sub-light-emitting units of each of the light-emitting units further includes a light-deflecting component disposed between the at least two sub-pixels and the lens component; the light-deflecting component is used to deflect the light incident on the light-deflecting component in a direction away from a preset central axis perpendicular to the preset direction, and the deflected light is incident on the lens component.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orthographic projections of at least two of the sub-light-emitting units onto a preset projection surface constitute an axisymmetric structure that is symmetrical with respect to a preset central axis; the preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light deflection component includes at least one prism, the prism having an incident surface and an exit surface, the incident surface and the exit surface forming a first angle.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the light rays entering the light deflection component from the incident surface and the light rays exiting from the exit surface is a preset second angle; The first included angle is determined based on the second included angle and the refractive index of the prism.

5. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The orthographic projection shape of the prism on the preset projection surface includes an isosceles triangle, and the orthographic projection shapes of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection surface are respectively the two legs of the isosceles triangle; the preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first included angle satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, the first included angle is β, the second included angle is α, and n is the refractive index of the prism.

7. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projection shape of the prism on the preset projection plane includes a right triangle. The orthographic projection shape of one of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection plane is the right-angled side of the right triangle, and the orthographic projection shape of the other of the incident surface and the exit surface on the preset projection plane is the hypotenuse of the right triangle. The preset projection surface is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

8. The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The prism is a single unit, located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis.

9. The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The sub-light-emitting unit has at least two prisms, which are arranged sequentially along the preset direction. Each prism is located on the light-emitting side of at least one of the sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit, and different prisms correspond to different sub-pixels.

10. The display substrate according to claim 9, characterized in that, There are two prisms, namely a first prism and a second prism. The first prism is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis; the second prism is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis. The incident surface of the first prism forms an angle with the incident surface of the second prism, and the exit surface of the first prism forms an angle with the exit surface of the second prism.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second prism is configured to deflect light rays incident on the second prism from the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis in a direction away from the preset central axis, and the lens component is configured to cause light rays emitted from the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis and incident on the lens component to exit in a direction perpendicular to the substrate.

12. The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, There are multiple incident surfaces, which are arranged sequentially along the preset direction, and the included angles between the multiple incident surfaces and the exit surface are different.

13. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The prism is a single unit and is located on the light-emitting side of all the sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit; There are two incident surfaces, namely a first incident surface and a second incident surface. The first incident surface is located on the light-emitting side of all sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit except for the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis. The second incident surface is located on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel furthest from the preset central axis.

14. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, At least one of the sub-light-emitting units has a preset center line for the orthographic projection of the lens component onto a preset projection plane that forms an angle with a plane parallel to the substrate; the preset projection plane is perpendicular to the substrate and parallel to the preset direction.

15. The display substrate according to claim 14, characterized in that, The incident surface of the lens component is a plane or a convex curved surface; the exit surface of the lens component is a convex curved surface.

16. The display substrate according to claim 14, characterized in that, The sub-light-emitting unit comprises two sub-light-emitting units, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit and a second sub-light-emitting unit. Both the first sub-light-emitting unit and the second sub-light-emitting unit include at least one sub-pixel, the lens component, and at least one prism. The light deflection component includes at least one prism, the prism having an incident surface and an exit surface, the incident surface and the exit surface forming a first angle; the lens component in the first sub-light-emitting unit and the second sub-light-emitting unit forms an angle between the preset center line of the orthographic projection on the preset projection surface and the plane parallel to the substrate.

17. The display substrate according to claim 14, characterized in that, The sub-light-emitting unit comprises three sub-light-emitting units, namely a first sub-light-emitting unit, a second sub-light-emitting unit, and a third sub-light-emitting unit arranged sequentially along the preset direction. The first sub-light-emitting unit and the third sub-light-emitting unit each include at least one sub-pixel, the lens component, and at least one prism. The second sub-light-emitting unit includes at least one sub-pixel and the lens component. The preset center line of the orthographic projection of the lens component in the first sub-light-emitting unit and the third sub-light-emitting unit on the preset projection surface forms an angle with the plane parallel to the substrate. The preset center line of the orthogonal projection of the lens component in the second sub-light-emitting unit onto the preset projection surface is parallel to the substrate.

18. The display substrate according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that, The focal length of the lens component is determined based on the maximum distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the prism and the refractive index of the prism.

19. The display substrate according to claim 18, characterized in that, The focal length of the lens component satisfies the following relationship: 0.8×n×d≤f≤1.2×n×d Where f is the focal length of the lens component; d is the maximum distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the prism; and n is the refractive index of the prism.

20. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the light-emitting units includes a first light-blocking component, and the first light-blocking component is disposed between every two adjacent sub-light-emitting units; The display substrate further includes a second light-blocking component, which is disposed between every two adjacent light-emitting units in the preset direction.

21. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light emitted by each sub-pixel of each sub-light-emitting unit is emitted along the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel after passing through the lens component, and the viewing angle corresponding to each sub-pixel of each sub-light-emitting unit is different.

22. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The color and brightness of each of the sub-pixels in the sub-light-emitting unit are set to be individually adjustable.

23. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the light-emitting units includes multiple light sources, which are arranged in at least two columns in a plane parallel to the substrate and in a direction perpendicular to the preset direction. The multiple light sources in each column are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the preset direction, and the number of light sources in all columns is the same, and they are staggered one-to-one in a direction parallel to the preset direction.

24. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-23.

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