Vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, usage method therefor, and collection system comprising same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, a usage method therefor, and a collection system comprising same. Said combustion device comprises a combustion oxidation module, which comprises a vertical separable combustion tube, at least two gas inlet tubes, a gas extraction portion, and a heater, wherein the combustion tube comprises a base and a fixed portion, the base being capable of separating from or combining with the fixed portion by lifting and lowering, and a combustion chamber is provided in the combustion tube; the gas inlet tubes extend into the combustion chamber from the top and bottom respectively, and are used for introducing a combustion-supporting gas into the combustion chamber in upward and downward directions respectively, enabling the combustion-supporting gas to form a vortex to promote through combustion of samples; the gas extraction portion is arranged at the top of the fixed portion and used for discharging the gas generated from sample combustion; and the heater is sleeved outside the combustion tube and used for heating the samples to the ignition point for combustion. Said combustion device further comprises an oxidation catalytic module and a three-way catalytic module. Said combustion device allows for through combustion, producing highly harmless gas.

Description

A vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, its usage method and collection system Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to sample combustion collection technology, specifically to a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, its usage method, and collection system. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear facilities engaged in radioactive research and production may release a certain amount of tritium (T or) into the environment under certain circumstances. 3 H) and 14 C, and causes some pollution to the environment. Tritium and carbon entering the environment 14 C is mainly composed of HTO and carbon dioxide ( 14 Tritium (CO2) participates in the natural water and carbon cycles, as well as global biogeochemical cycles and all metabolic processes. It also passes through media such as soil. 14 C is absorbed by plants and animals and transported here by these food sources. It is typically detected by monitoring tritium levels in soil, water, and plant samples from a given area. 14 The content of C is used to assess the tritium content in the region and 14 The degree of C pollution.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of my country's nuclear energy industry and the occurrence of incidents such as the Fukushima nuclear leak in Japan, the normal or accidental discharge of tritium from nuclear facilities has become increasingly important. 14 The impact of tritium on the environment and the public has attracted increasing attention; therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on environmental organic tritium and... 14 Measurement of C. Currently, tritium and... 14 In C-analysis methods, the analysis of organic tritium carbon is relatively difficult. The most effective method is usually to convert the sample into a liquid state and measure it using a liquid scintillation counter. This is because tritium and tritium are present in the environment... 14 The content of C is low, so it needs to be converted into water and carbon dioxide for enrichment, thereby increasing the content of tritium and... 14 The accuracy of C measurement. Existing sample preparation devices not only have long preparation times, but also struggle to simultaneously handle organic tritium and... 14 The enrichment of carbon (C) makes it difficult to meet practical measurement needs. This is necessary for detecting radioactive organic carbon-tritium in sediment or biological samples. 14 The content of carbon and tritium is generally determined by oxidizing and burning the sample under high temperature conditions and collecting the gases after complete oxidation and combustion. The gases after complete combustion include carbon dioxide and water.

[0004] The utility model patent "Oxidation Combustion Apparatus for Organic Tritium Carbon Sample Preparation," published on May 26, 2023, discloses an oxidation combustion apparatus for preparing organic tritium carbon samples. This apparatus includes an oxidation combustion furnace, a heating device, and an absorption device. The internal space of the oxidation combustion furnace is divided into a sample placement area and a catalytic reaction area. The sample placement area is further divided into a first space and a second space. The sample is placed in the first space, which has a vent. Oxygen sequentially enters the first space through an inlet pipe, a secondary combustion inlet, the second space, and the vent, causing the pyrolysis products of the sample in the first space to combust. The combusted products then enter the catalytic reaction area. However, the contact between oxygen and the gas produced after the initial combustion of the sample in this apparatus is insufficient, resulting in incomplete combustion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples.

[0006] The present invention discloses a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, comprising: a combustion oxidation module, the combustion oxidation module including a vertical separable combustion tube, at least two air inlet pipes, an air intake section, and a heater; the combustion tube includes a base and a fixing section, the base being separable from or combined with the fixing section by lifting; the combustion tube having a combustion chamber that is opened and closed by lifting the base and the fixing section; the air inlet pipes extending into the combustion chamber from above and below, respectively, for introducing combustion-supporting gas into the combustion chamber in the vertical direction, so that the combustion-supporting gas forms a vortex to promote complete combustion of the sample; the air intake section being disposed at the top of the fixing section, for drawing out the gas generated by the combustion of the sample; the heater being sleeved outside the combustion tube, for heating the sample to reach its ignition point and burn; an oxidation catalysis module, the oxidation catalysis module being connected to the air intake section, for further oxidizing and catalyzing the first product to form a second product; and a ternary catalysis module, the ternary catalysis module being connected to the oxidation catalysis module, for further detoxifying the second product through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0007] Preferably, the heater includes at least one heating part and one air-cooling part. The heating part is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn. The air-cooling part includes a shell and an air cooler. The shell is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube and is a double-layer shell with a cavity between the two layers. The air outlet and air inlet of the air cooler are connected to the cavity between the double-layer shell.

[0008] Preferably, the base is fixedly or detachably provided with a sample placement component, which is a sample tube or a crucible.

[0009] Preferably, there are two intake pipes, one of which extends into the combustion chamber from the top of the fixing part or from the side of the fixing part, and the other intake pipe extends into the combustion chamber from the base.

[0010] Preferably, the oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh with a surface composition of copper oxide and a first quartz filter. The copper foam mesh is located in the channel through which the first product flows from the air intake to the three-way catalytic module, and is used to catalytically oxidize the first product with copper oxide when it passes through the heated copper foam mesh to form the second product. The first quartz filter is located between the copper foam mesh and the combustion chamber to prevent the copper foam mesh and copper oxide from falling into the combustion chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the heater further includes another heating element, which is sleeved on the outer side of the air intake element, for heating to form copper oxide on the surface of the foamed copper mesh; the temperature of each heating element is independently controlled.

[0012] Preferably, the three-way catalytic module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter, a second quartz filter, and a quartz catalytic tube. One end of the quartz catalytic tube is connected to the air intake section. The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter is located inside the quartz catalytic tube. The second quartz filter is located at the end of the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter near the air intake section, and is used to prevent the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter from moving along the quartz catalytic tube toward the air intake section.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for using the vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples as described in any of the above technical solutions, characterized by the following steps: Step 1, lowering the base, placing the sample in, and then raising the base to integrate it with the fixing part; Step 2, enabling the oxidation catalytic module to have oxidation catalytic capability, enabling the three-way catalytic module to have oxidation-reduction capability, and introducing the combustion-supporting gas from above and below the combustion tube through the air inlet pipe and heating the sample to the ignition point through the heater or the heating part for heating the sample; Step 3, continuously heating or maintaining a constant temperature, oxidizing, catalyzing, and reducing until the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is rendered harmless.

[0014] Preferably, in step one, the sample is placed in the sample placement component and fixed to the base, or the sample is placed in the sample placement component fixed to the base; in step two, the heating temperature of the heater or the heating part used to heat the sample is 400℃-1200℃, the oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh with copper oxide as the surface material, and the method to make the copper foam mesh have oxidation catalytic activity is to heat the copper foam mesh and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-1200℃; the three-way catalytic module is a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter, and the method to make the three-way catalytic module have redox activity is to heat the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-800℃.

[0015] The present invention also provides an oxidation combustion collection system for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, including the vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0016] The vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples described in this invention has the advantage that, taking oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas, the sample on the base is heated by passing oxygen through it, and after reaching the ignition temperature, it is rapidly combusted, producing gases (mainly carbon monoxide (CO, containing...)). 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH) n Incompletely combusted hydrocarbons (CH4) n , including 14 C hydrogen compounds 14 CH n CT of carbon-tritium compounds n , 14 C-tritium compounds 14 CT n (where the subscript n represents the number of atoms, the same below), carbon dioxide (CO2, containing...) 14 CO2, water or water-tritium (HTO, DTO or T2O) and particulate matter (mainly unburned hydrocarbons C) n H m O k , including 14 C n H m O k C n T m O k and 14 C n T n O kParticulate matter; where subscripts n, m, and k represent the number of atoms, the same below); In the middle of the combustion tube: gas and particulate matter rise with the airflow and continue to burn under the action of oxygen, releasing a large amount of heat to accelerate combustion; In the upper part of the combustion tube, a downward-flowing pure oxygen flow is added through the air inlet pipe, which merges with the rising airflow, effectively supplementing oxygen and accelerating combustion; At the same time, the downward-flowing pure oxygen flow merges with the rising airflow, which will inevitably form a vortex microenvironment in the upper region of the combustion tube, and some incompletely burned particulate matter will also boil and burn like the undulating airflow, which is more conducive to the complete combustion of the sample. In addition to oxygen, in systems where other combustion-supporting gases are present, such as hydrogen, alkanes, or one of the combustion-supporting gases, the above-mentioned vortex environment can also be formed through the scheme of this invention to promote the combustion of the corresponding system samples. This invention is based on a three-stage cascade modular oxidation catalysis design, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete combustion in two zones, tritium water and 14 The conversion efficiency of carbon dioxide is higher, and the vertical dual-path oxygen-assisted combustion design based on the boiling combustion principle has high heat utilization efficiency and more complete combustion. Furthermore, this invention also provides a method for using the device and a collection system; the method is simple, the sample combustion is complete, the gas is highly harmless, and collection is convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 110 Combustion tube; 111 Base; 112 Fixing part; 113 Combustion chamber; 120 Inlet pipe; 120 Air intake part; 140 Heater; 140 Heater; 141 Heating part; 150 Sample placement part; 210 Copper foam mesh; 220 First quartz filter; 310 Platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter; 320 Second quartz filter; 330 Quartz catalytic tube. Detailed Implementation

[0020] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to the present invention includes: a combustion oxidation module, the combustion oxidation module including a vertical detachable combustion tube 110, at least two air inlet pipes 120, an air intake section 130, and a heater 140; the combustion tube 110 includes a base 111 and a fixing section 112, the base 111 can be separated or combined with the fixing section 112 by lifting, and the combustion tube 110 is provided with a combustion chamber 113 that is opened and closed by lifting the base 111 and the fixing section 112; the air inlet pipes 120 extend into the combustion chamber 113 from the top and bottom respectively, for discharging air into the combustion chamber 113. Combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the combustion chamber 113 in a vertical direction to create a vortex and promote complete combustion of the sample. The gas-drawing part 130 is located on top of the fixing part 112 and is used to draw out the gas generated by the combustion of the sample. The heater 140 is sleeved on the outside of the combustion tube 110 and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn it. An oxidation catalysis module is connected to the gas-drawing part 130 and is used to further oxidize and catalyze the first product to form a second product. A three-way catalysis module is connected to the oxidation catalysis module and is used to further degrade the second product through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0021] In specific implementation, the air inlet pipe 120 can be configured as 2-4 pipes. For example, 1-2 pipes can be configured on the upper part of the fixing part 112, all of which introduce the combustion-supporting gas from the outside of the fixing part 112 through the housing of the fixing part 112 to the upper part of the combustion chamber 113 and allow the combustion-supporting gas to flow downward (i.e., the fixing part 112 points towards the base 111); 1-2 pipes can be configured on the base 111, all of which introduce the combustion-supporting gas from the outside of the base 111 through the base 111 into the lower part of the combustion chamber 113 and allow the combustion-supporting gas to flow upward (i.e., the base 111 points towards the fixing part 112). Specifically, the sample is burned with the aid of oxygen in the air inlet pipe 120 configured on the base 111, and after mixing with the oxygen in the air inlet pipe 120 above the fixing part 112, it is further fully burned to form the first product. The heater 140 can heat the sample by heat conduction. To achieve the heating function of the heater 140, the heater 140 and its installation position on the combustion tube 110 can utilize existing heating components and installation positions. Those skilled in the art can select existing heating components and installation positions according to actual needs. The first product is catalytically oxidized by the oxidation catalytic module to form the second product, which is then further rendered harmless by the three-way catalytic module through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0022] The combustion-supporting gas is preferably oxygen. Due to the high efficiency and thoroughness of combustion and post-treatment (oxidation, catalysis, reduction), the sample processing volume is no less than 100g of biological radioactive sample or 200g of sediment / soil sample each time.

[0023] The vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples described in this invention has the advantage that, taking oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas, the sample on the base is heated by passing oxygen through it, and after reaching the ignition temperature, it is rapidly combusted, producing gases (mainly carbon monoxide (CO, containing...)). 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH) n Unburned fuel components, containing 14 CH n ), carbon-tritium compounds (CT) n , including 14 CT n )), carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2, water or tritium water (HTO, DTO and T2O) and particulate matter (mainly unburned hydrocarbon compounds C) n H m O k , including 14 C n H m O k C n T m O k and 14 C n T n O k (e.g., particulate matter); In the middle of the combustion tube: gas and particulate matter rise with the airflow and continue to burn under the action of oxygen, releasing a large amount of heat to accelerate combustion; In the upper part of the combustion tube, a downward-flowing pure oxygen flow is added through the air inlet pipe, which merges with the rising airflow, effectively supplementing oxygen and accelerating combustion; At the same time, the downward-flowing pure oxygen flow merges with the rising airflow, which will inevitably form a vortex microenvironment in the upper region of the combustion tube, and some incompletely burned particulate matter will also boil and burn like the undulating airflow, which is more conducive to the complete combustion of the sample. In addition to oxygen, in systems where other combustion-supporting gases are present, such as hydrogen, alkanes, or one of the combustion-supporting gases, the above-mentioned vortex environment can also be formed through the scheme of this invention to promote the combustion of the corresponding system samples. In addition, this invention is based on a three-stage cascade modular oxidation catalysis design, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete combustion in two zones, tritium water and 14 The CO2-carbon dioxide-14 has a higher conversion efficiency, a vertical dual-path oxygen-assisted combustion design based on the boiling combustion principle, and high heat utilization efficiency, resulting in more complete combustion.

[0024] Preferably, the heater 140 includes at least one heating part 141 and an air-cooling part. The heating part 141 is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 110 and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn. The air-cooling part includes a shell and an air cooler. The shell is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 110 and is a double-layer shell with a cavity between the two layers. The air outlet and air inlet of the air cooler are connected to the cavity between the double-layer shell.

[0025] In specific implementation, the heating element 141 is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 110. Its placement must enable this function, allowing the sample to reach its ignition point and burn through heating. Those skilled in the art can select the heater used for the heating element and the placement position of the heating element 141 based on existing technology and actual needs. After the air-cooling unit (not shown in the figure) is activated, air (e.g., cold air) flows from the air inlet (not shown in the figure) of the air-cooling unit through the cavity between the double-layered shells and returns to the air-cooling unit from the air outlet (not shown in the figure), is processed (e.g., cooled), and then sent back to the air inlet of the air-cooling unit. The air-cooling unit can employ an existing air-cooling system, and those skilled in the art can select an existing air-cooling system based on actual needs.

[0026] Preferably, the base 111 is provided with a sample placement component 150, which is a sample tube or a crucible.

[0027] In specific implementation, the sample placement component 150 can be directly fixed to the base 111, or a sample placement seat (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the base 111, and the sample placement component 150 can be fixed to the sample placement seat. The sample placement component 150 can be a sample tube or a crucible, and the sample tube or crucible can be a sample tube or crucible in the prior art. Those skilled in the art can use sample tubes or crucibles in the prior art according to actual needs.

[0028] Preferably, there are two intake pipes 120, one of which extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the top of the fixing part 112 or from the side of the fixing part 112, and the other intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the base 111.

[0029] In specific implementation, when one of the intake pipes 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the top of the fixing part 112, and the other intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the base 111, the sample is burned under the action of the combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) in the intake pipe 120 and the heater (heating the sample to the ignition point to make the sample burn) to form gas and particulate matter. The gas and particulate matter rise to the middle of the combustion chamber for further combustion. After further combustion, the gas and a small amount of particulate matter form a vortex in the upper part of the combustion chamber with the combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) flowing from the top of the fixing part 112 toward the base 111 in the intake pipe 120 and are fully burned. When the intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the side of the fixing part 112, the principle is the same as above. When the intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the top of the fixing part 112, it can extend into the upper opening of the fixing part 112 and be fixed by a sealing component such as a plug, cap, or end cap. The sealing component is provided with a through hole (not shown in the figure) that can accommodate the intake pipe 120 and the air intake part 130. The fitting and positional relationship between the sealing component, the intake pipe 120, and the air intake part 130 at the upper opening of the fixing part 112 adopts the positional relationship and fitting relationship in the prior art. Those skilled in the art can select the positional relationship and fitting relationship in the prior art according to actual needs. For example, the air intake part 130 fits with a cap component through the through hole, and the cap component covers the upper opening of the fixing part 112 in a tight fit manner; the air intake part 130 and the intake pipe 120 fit with another cap component through two through holes, and the cap component covers the upper opening of the fixing part 112 and is located outside the previous cap component. When the intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the side of the fixing part 112, a through hole needs to be opened on the double-layer shell.

[0030] Preferably, the oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh 210 with a surface composition of copper oxide and a first quartz filter 220. The copper foam mesh 210 is located in the channel through which the first product flows from the air intake section 130 to the three-way catalytic module, and is used to catalytically oxidize the first product with copper oxide when it passes through the heated copper foam mesh 210 to form the second product. The first quartz filter 220 is located between the copper foam mesh 210 and the combustion chamber 113, and is used to prevent the copper foam mesh 210 and copper oxide from falling into the combustion chamber 113. The first product flows from the air intake section 130 through the first quartz filter 220 to the copper foam mesh 210, and after forming the second product through the copper foam mesh 210, it flows to the three-way catalytic module.

[0031] In practice, the copper foam mesh 210 described before the reaction is oxidized at high temperature, producing CuO on its surface. During the sample reaction, copper oxide acts as both an oxidant and a catalyst, facilitating the combustion of the sample to form further combustible gases (carbon monoxide (CO, etc.). 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH) n Unburned fuel components, containing 14 CH n CT n , 14 CT n ) accelerates combustion, producing carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 Copper oxide can catalyze the combustion of CO2 and water (H2O, including H2O and T2O) with a combustion rate of up to 90%. Simultaneously, at high temperatures, copper oxide can also catalyze the combustion of carbon monoxide (CO, containing...). 14 CO is oxidized to carbon dioxide or carbon-14 carbon dioxide (CO2, containing CO) 14 CO2), catalyzing hydrocarbons (CH2) n , including 14 CH n CT scan n , 14 CT n ) and O2 react to produce carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), (H2O, including HTO and T2O), or carbon monoxide (CO, including 14 CO is oxidized by CuO to produce carbon dioxide (CO2, containing CO). 14 CO2 is then released, at which point CuO is reduced to Cu. Further catalytic oxidation of CuO achieves a combustion rate of up to 90%, reducing the workload of the three-way catalytic module.

[0032] Preferably, the heater 140 further includes another heating part 141, which is sleeved on the outer side of the air intake part 130 and is used to form copper oxide on the surface of the foam copper mesh 210 by heating; the temperature of each heating part 141 is independently controlled.

[0033] In specific implementation, the heating element 141 is sleeved on the outer side of the gas-inducing element 130. Its placement must allow for this function, even if the copper foam mesh generates copper oxide at high temperatures. Those skilled in the art can select the heater used for the heating element and the placement position of the heating element 141 based on existing technology and actual needs. The temperature of each heating element 141 is independently controlled by a separate control unit, facilitating the selection of reaction conditions for different samples.

[0034] Preferably, the three-way catalytic module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310, a second quartz filter 320, and a quartz catalytic tube 330. One end of the quartz catalytic tube 330 is connected to the air intake section 130. The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 is located inside the quartz catalytic tube 330. The second quartz filter 320 is located at the end of the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 near the air intake section 130, and is used to prevent the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 from moving along the quartz catalytic tube 330 toward the air intake section 130.

[0035] In specific implementation, the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst 42 provides a surface with the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst. The support for the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst is porous ceramic. The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst enables the redox reaction of the gas oxidized and catalyzed by the oxidation catalysis module to proceed efficiently at a relatively low temperature. During the redox reaction, carbon monoxide (CO, containing...)... 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH) n Unburned fuel components, containing 14 CH n ), carbon-tritium compounds (CT) n , including 14 CT n ) and nitrogen oxides (NO) n These harmful gases are converted into relatively harmless carbon dioxide (CO2) under the catalysis of a platinum-rhodium-palladium ternary catalyst. 14 The gases emitted are CO2, water (H2O, including tritium water HTO and T2O), and nitrogen (N2). Carbon monoxide (CO, containing...) is also present. 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH) n , including 14 CH n CT scan n , 14 CT n In the presence of a platinum-rhodium-palladium ternary catalyst, it reacts with substances that are oxidized to produce carbon dioxide (CO, containing...) 14 CO, water (H2O, including H2O and T2O), nitrogen oxides (NO) n Under the action of a catalyst, nitrogen oxides (NOx) are reduced to nitrogen (N2), which is a reduction process. Through this redox process, the catalytically oxidized gas is rendered harmless, easy to collect, and avoids environmental pollution caused by gas leaks. Furthermore, nitrogen oxides (NOx) are also reduced. n The tritium is converted into nitrogen (N2), which effectively reduces the acidity of water (tritium water) and the quenching and color effects of subsequent liquid flashover, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of tritium carbon.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for using the vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples as described in any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps: Step 1, lowering the base 111, placing the sample in, and then raising the base 111 to integrate it with the fixing part 112; Step 2, enabling the oxidation catalytic module to have oxidation catalytic activity, enabling the three-way catalytic module to have oxidation-reduction activity, and introducing the combustion-supporting gas from above and below the combustion pipe 113 through the air inlet pipe 120 and heating the sample to the ignition point through the heater 140 or the heating part 141 for heating the sample; Step 3, continuously heating or maintaining a constant temperature, oxidizing, catalyzing, and reducing until the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is rendered harmless.

[0037] The above method is simple to operate. In the first step of combustion, the sample is completely burned due to the presence of vortex gas. Through the design of multi-step catalysis, oxidation, reduction and combustion, the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is completely rendered harmless. The harmless gas is environmentally friendly and easy to collect.

[0038] Preferably, in the method of use, in step one, the sample is placed in the sample placement component 150 and fixed to the base 111, or the sample is placed in the sample placement component 150 fixed to the base 111; in step two, the heating temperature of the heating part 141 of the heater 140 used to heat the sample is 400℃-1200℃; the oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh 210 with copper oxide as the surface material, and the method to make the copper foam mesh 210 have oxidation catalytic activity is to heat the copper foam mesh 210 and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-1200℃; the three-way catalytic module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310, and the method to make the three-way catalytic module have redox activity is to heat the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-800℃.

[0039] In specific implementation, the sample placement component 150 can be fixed to the base 111 or detachably placed on the base 111. The sample placement component 150 can adopt the sample placement components and setting methods in the prior art. Those skilled in the art can select the placement components and setting methods in the prior art according to actual needs.

[0040] Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG1, employs a vertical oxidation combustion device comprising: a combustion oxidation module, the combustion oxidation module including a vertical detachable combustion tube 110, two air inlet pipes 120, an air intake section 130, and a heater 140; the combustion tube 110 includes a base 111 and a fixing section 112, the base 111 being detachable or detachable from the fixing section 112 via a lifting mechanism, and a combustion chamber 113 provided in the combustion tube 110, which is opened and closed by lifting the base 111 and the fixing section 112; the air inlet pipes 120 extending into the combustion chamber 113 from above and below, respectively, for feeding air into the combustion chamber 113 in the vertical direction. Combustion-supporting gas is introduced to create a vortex, promoting complete combustion of the sample and forming a first product. A gas-drawing section 130 is positioned on top of the fixing section 112 to draw out the first product. A heater 140 is fitted around the combustion tube 110 to heat the sample to its ignition point and induce combustion. An oxidation catalytic module, connected to the gas-drawing section 130, further oxidizes and catalyzes the first product to form a second product. A three-way catalytic module, connected to the oxidation catalytic module, further neutralizes the second product through an oxidation-reduction reaction, making it the product to be separated.

[0041] Of the two intake pipes 120, one intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the side of the fixing part 112, and the other intake pipe 120 extends into the combustion chamber 113 from the base 111;

[0042] The heater 140 includes two heating parts 141 and one air-cooling part 142. One of the heating parts 141 is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 110 and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn it. The air-cooling part 142 includes a shell and an air cooler. The shell is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 110 and is a double-layered shell with a cavity between the two layers. The air outlet and air inlet of the air cooler are connected to the cavity between the double-layered shell.

[0043] The oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh 210 with copper oxide as its surface component and a first quartz filter 220. The copper foam mesh 210 is located in the channel through which the first product flows from the gas intake section 130 to the three-way catalytic module, and is used to catalytically oxidize the first product with copper oxide when it passes through the heated copper foam mesh 210 to form the second product. The first quartz filter 220 is located between the copper foam mesh 210 and the combustion chamber 113, and is used to prevent the copper foam mesh 210 and copper oxide from falling into the combustion chamber 113.

[0044] The heater 140 also includes another heating section 141, which is sleeved on the outer side of the air intake section 130 and is used to form copper oxide on the surface of the foam copper mesh 210 by heating; the temperature of each heating section 141 is independently controlled.

[0045] The three-way catalytic converter module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310, a second quartz filter 320, and a quartz catalytic tube 330. One end of the quartz catalytic tube 330 is connected to the air intake section 130. The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 is located inside the quartz catalytic tube 330. The second quartz filter 320 is located at the end of the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 near the air intake section 130, and is used to prevent the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 310 from moving along the quartz catalytic tube 330 toward the air intake section 130.

[0046] In specific implementation, the process of generating the product to be separated is as follows: lower the base 111, place the sample in it, and then raise the base 111 so that it is integrated with the fixing part 112; control the heating temperature of the other heating part 141 from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min, and continuously heat the foam copper mesh 210 at a constant temperature; use a heating device (not shown in the figure) to heat the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst 310 at a heating temperature from room temperature to 600°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. When the foamed copper mesh 210 and the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst 310 reach 800°C and 600°C respectively, the combustion-supporting gas is introduced from above and below the combustion tube 110 through the air inlet pipe 120, and the heating temperature of the heating section 141 is controlled to rise from room temperature to 800°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. Then, the sample is heated to the ignition point at a constant temperature, and the heating is continued or kept at a constant temperature, oxidized, catalyzed, and reduced until the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is rendered harmless.

[0047] More specifically, of the two intake pipes 120, the oxygen flow rate of the intake pipe 120 extending from the base 111 into the combustion chamber 113 is 0.12 L / min-0.5 L / min, and the oxygen flow rate of the intake pipe 120 extending from the side of the fixing part 112 into the combustion chamber 113 is 0.12 L / min-0.5 L / min. The oxygen flow rates in the two intake pipes 120 are independently controlled by two flow meters. (The specific nitrogen and oxygen flow rates required for the experiment are adjusted according to the organic matter and oil content in the sample.)

[0048] As shown in Figure 2, the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that, of the two intake pipes 120, one intake pipe 120 extends from the top of the fixing part 112 into the combustion chamber 113, and the other intake pipe 120 extends from the base 111 into the combustion chamber 113; the rest is the same as Embodiment 1.

[0049] The present invention also provides an oxidation combustion collection system for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, including the vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0051] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, characterized in that, include: The combustion oxidation module includes a vertically detachable combustion tube (110), at least two air inlet pipes (120), an air intake section (130), and a heater (140). The combustion tube (110) includes a base (111) and a fixing part (112). The base (111) can be separated from or combined with the fixing part (112) by lifting. The combustion tube (110) is provided with a combustion chamber (11) that is opened and closed by lifting the base (111) and the fixing part (112). 3); The air inlet pipe (120) extends into the combustion chamber (113) from the top and bottom respectively, and is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas into the combustion chamber (113) in the vertical direction, so that the combustion-supporting gas forms a vortex to promote the complete combustion of the sample and form the first product; the air intake part (130) is disposed on the top of the fixing part (112) and is used to draw out the first product; the heater (140) is sleeved on the outside of the combustion pipe (110) and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn it. An oxidation catalytic module, which is connected to the gas intake section (130), is used to further oxidize and catalyze the first product to form a second product; A three-way catalytic module, which is connected to the oxidation catalytic module, is used to further render the second product harmless through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

2. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heater (140) includes at least one heating part (141) and an air-cooling part. The heating part (141) is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube (110) and is used to heat the sample to reach the ignition point and burn. The air-cooling part includes a shell and an air cooler. The shell is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube (110) and is a double-layer shell with a cavity between the two layers. The air outlet and air inlet of the air cooler are connected to the cavity between the double-layer shell.

3. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (111) is fixedly or detachably provided with a sample placement component (150), which is a sample tube or a crucible.

4. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two intake pipes (120), one of which extends into the combustion chamber (113) from the top of the fixing part (112) or from the side of the fixing part (112), and the other intake pipe (120) extends into the combustion chamber (113) from the base (111).

5. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh (210) with copper oxide as its surface component and a first quartz filter (220). The copper foam mesh (210) is located in the channel through which the first product flows from the air intake (130) to the three-way catalytic module (300). It is used to catalytically oxidize the first product with copper oxide when it passes through the heated copper foam mesh (210) to form the second product. The first quartz filter (220) is located between the copper foam mesh (210) and the combustion chamber (113) to prevent the copper foam mesh (210) and copper oxide from falling into the combustion chamber (113).

6. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heater (140) also includes another heating part (141), which is sleeved on the outer side of the air intake part (130) and is used to form copper oxide on the surface of the foam copper mesh (210) by heating; the temperature of each heating part (141) is independently controlled.

7. The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-way catalytic module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310), a second quartz filter (320), and a quartz catalytic tube (330). One end of the quartz catalytic tube (330) is connected to the air intake section (130). The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310) is located inside the quartz catalytic tube (330). The second quartz filter (320) is located at the end of the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310) near the air intake section (130) to prevent the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310) from moving along the quartz catalytic tube (330) toward the air intake section (130).

8. A method of using a vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Lower the base (111), place the sample in it, and then raise the base (111) so that it is integrated with the fixing part (112); Step 2: Make the oxidation catalytic module have oxidation catalytic capability, make the three-way catalytic module have oxidation-reduction capability, and introduce the combustion-supporting gas from above and below the combustion pipe (113) through the air inlet pipe (120) and heat the sample to the ignition point through the heater (140) or the heating part (141) for heating the sample. Step 3: Continue heating or constant temperature, oxidation, catalysis, and reduction until the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is rendered harmless.

9. The method of using the vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step one, the sample is placed in the sample placement component (150) and fixed to the base (111), or the sample is placed in the sample placement component (150) fixed to the base (111). In step two, the heating temperature of the heating part (141) used by the heater to heat the sample is 400℃-1200℃. The oxidation catalytic module includes a copper foam mesh (210) with copper oxide as the surface material. The method to make the copper foam mesh (210) have oxidation catalytic activity is to heat the copper foam mesh (210) and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-1200℃. The three-way catalytic module includes a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310). The method to make the three-way catalytic module have redox activity is to heat the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (310) and maintain the heating temperature at 400℃-800℃.

10. An oxidative combustion collection system for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon-tritium samples, characterized in that, The vertical oxidation combustion apparatus for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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