Production method for chemical and production device for chemical

Abstract

This production method for a chemical involves heating a fixed-bed reaction unit that includes a filler layer that is filled with a filler and thermally decomposing a starting material that includes plastic in the fixed-bed reaction unit in the presence of an inert gas. At the thermal decomposition, the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas at the filler layer as found from expression 1 is at least 5,000 h-1. [Expression 1] GHSV=Q / V. GHSV is the gas space velocity (h-1) of the inert gas at the filler layer, Q is the flow rate (Nm3 / h) of the inert gas, and V is the volume (m3) of the filler at the filler layer.

Description

Chemical manufacturing method and chemical manufacturing apparatus

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method for producing chemicals and an apparatus for producing chemicals.

[0002] One method of recycling waste plastics is chemical recycling, which involves decomposing the waste plastics, converting them into monomers and gases, or using them as reducing agents for blast furnaces or raw materials for coke ovens. Fixed-bed reactors are used in chemical recycling processes because of their simple structure and ease of operation.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a waste plastic treatment method in which waste plastics are vaporized by thermal decomposition, the resulting thermal decomposition gas is brought into contact with a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, and catalytic reaction products are recovered. In this method, a fixed-bed treatment apparatus filled with a gallium-containing silicate catalyst may be used. Specifically, it is disclosed that granular gallium silicate is filled as a fixed bed, molten polyethylene is continuously supplied alone, and thermal decomposition and vaporization are carried out at a temperature of 425 to 525°C while simultaneously contacting the gallium silicate to obtain benzene, toluene, and xylene.

[0004] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing olefins, which includes the steps of heating a polyolefin-based plastic to obtain decomposition products, and contacting the obtained decomposition products with an MFI-type zeolite containing 0.10% to 0.30% by mass of sodium atoms to obtain a catalytic decomposition product containing an olefin. Specifically, it is disclosed that an MFI-type zeolite containing sodium atoms is filled into a downstream reaction tube, polyethylene, polypropylene, or a mixture thereof is flowed from an upstream reaction tube to a downstream reaction tube, and thermally decomposed at 525°C while in contact with the MFI-type zeolite containing sodium atoms to obtain an olefin having 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0005] On the other hand, a fluidized bed reactor is generally used in continuous reactors that use aromatic plastics such as polystyrene, chlorine-containing plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, and mixed plastics containing polyolefins as raw materials, and obtain basic chemicals in a single stage without going through intermediate products such as pyrolysis oils. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses that a packed-bed fixed-bed reactor, i.e., a fixed-bed reactor, can be used in a method for producing olefins and aromatic compounds from hydrocarbon supply raw materials such as plastics and a catalyst composition by introducing the supply raw materials into a fixed-bed reactor, but only examples using a fluidized bed reactor are disclosed as specific examples.

[0006] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-316517, International Publication No. 2021 / 166854, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2016-513147

[0007] The present disclosure aims to provide a method for producing chemicals that yields a small amount of paraffin as a by-component and efficiently produces at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons in high yield.

[0008] The means for solving the above problem are as follows: <1> A method for producing a chemical product, comprising: heating a fixed-bed reaction section having a filler layer filled with a filler; and thermally decomposing a raw material containing plastic in the fixed-bed reaction section in the presence of an inert gas, wherein the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer, as determined by the following formula 1, is 5,000 h －１ The above is a method for producing a chemical product. [Equation 1] GHSV = Q / V where, in Equation 1, GHSV is the gas space velocity (h) of the inert gas in the filler layer. －１ ) indicates, where Q is the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³). ３ / h) is shown, where V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m ３) indicates. <2> The method for producing a chemical product according to <1>, wherein the heating temperature is 600°C or higher and 1,200°C or lower. <3> The method for producing a chemical product according to <1> or <2>, wherein the raw material containing the plastic contains waste plastic. <4> The method for producing a chemical product according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the raw material containing the plastic contains 50% by mass or more of polyolefin. <5> The method for producing a chemical product according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the filler layer contains a filler mainly composed of one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forstenite, and cordierite. <6> A method for producing a chemical product according to any one of the above <1> to <5>, wherein the chemical product comprises at least one chemical product selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons. <7> A chemical product production apparatus comprising: a fixed bed reaction section having a filler layer filled with filler; a raw material supply section connected to the fixed bed reaction section and supplying raw materials including plastic into the fixed bed reaction section; an inert gas supply section connected to the fixed bed reaction section and supplying an inert gas into the fixed bed reaction section; a heating section for heating the fixed bed reaction section; and a control section for controlling the amount of inert gas supplied by the inert gas supply section, wherein the control section controls the volume V (m³) of the filler layer. ３ ) and the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer for 5,000 h －１ An input / output unit that inputs and outputs any of the above values, and the volume V (m³) of the filler layer by the input / output unit. ３ From the input values ​​of ) and the input values ​​of the gas space velocity (GHSV), the flow rate Q (Nm³) of the inert gas to be supplied to the fixed-bed reaction section is calculated using the following formula 2. ３A chemical production apparatus comprising a calculation unit that calculates (Nm³ / h). [Equation 2] Q = GHSV × V However, in Equation 2, Q represents the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³ / h), GHSV represents the gas hourly space velocity (h⁻¹) of the inert gas in the filler layer, and V represents the volume (m³) of the filler in the filler layer. <8> The input / output unit performs input / output of a target temperature T of 600°C or higher and 1,200°C or lower, and the control unit includes a heating temperature adjustment controller that controls the heating temperature by the heating unit to be the target temperature T from the input value of the target temperature T by the input / output unit. The chemical production apparatus according to <7> above. <9> The filler layer includes a filler containing, as a main component, one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forsterite, and cordierite. The chemical production apparatus according to <7> or <8> above. ３ / h), GHSV represents the gas hourly space velocity (h⁻¹) of the inert gas in the filler layer, －１ and V represents the volume (m³) of the filler in the filler layer. <8> The input / output unit performs input / output of a target temperature T of 600°C or higher and 1,200°C or lower, ３ and the control unit includes a heating temperature adjustment controller that controls the heating temperature by the heating unit to be the target temperature T from the input value of the target temperature T by the input / output unit. The chemical production apparatus according to <7> above. <9> The filler layer includes a filler containing, as a main component, one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forsterite, and cordierite. The chemical production apparatus according to <7> or <8> above.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for producing a chemical can be provided that can efficiently obtain at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons having 2 to 5 carbon atoms with a high yield, with less paraffin as a by-component.

[0010] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cross-section parallel to the filler deposition direction in the filler layer of the fixed-bed reaction section. Figure 1B is a schematic diagram along the line IB-IB in Figure 1A. Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart of the chemical manufacturing method of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a diagram showing another example of a flowchart of the chemical manufacturing method of the present disclosure. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5A is a partially enlarged view of the fixed-bed reaction section in Figure 4, and is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cross-section parallel to the filler deposition direction in the filler layer of the fixed-bed reaction section. Figure 5B is a schematic diagram along the line VB-VB in Figure 5A. Figure 6 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a control unit of a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a control unit of a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] The methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 only disclose methods for the thermal decomposition of polyolefins alone, and do not disclose methods for efficiently thermally decomposing mixed plastics or waste plastics containing aromatic plastics, chlorine-containing plastics, polyolefins, etc., and producing useful components in high yield.

[0012] Different types of plastics exhibit characteristic thermal decomposition patterns. Therefore, waste plastics and mixed plastics containing various components are difficult to decompose under consistent conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, when polyolefins are thermally decomposed, paraffin is produced as a by-product in addition to the target chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons. Because paraffin has low reactivity, further processes such as decomposition with an ethane cracker are often required for use as a chemical raw material, and it is desirable that the yield of paraffin by thermal decomposition be low. Conditions for reducing the content of by-products and improving the yield of the target chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons in the products obtained by thermal decomposition of waste plastics and mixed plastics have not been known until now.

[0014] Furthermore, aromatic and chlorine-containing plastics typically have lower decomposition temperatures compared to polyolefins. Therefore, when a mixed plastic containing these materials is heated at the decomposition temperature of polyolefins, the aromatic and chlorine-containing plastics will carbonize. As a result, useful components cannot be obtained from the aromatic and chlorine-containing plastics, leading to a decrease in the yield of useful components. In addition, if a fixed-bed reactor is used, there is a risk of blockage in the flow paths of raw materials and decomposition products.

[0015] On the other hand, the fixed-bed system has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Therefore, if it is possible to obtain useful components in a high yield in a single reaction without generating a large amount of carbides from the mixed plastic, it is desirable to adopt the fixed-bed system. Patent document 3 discloses that a fixed-bed reactor can be used to decompose mixed plastics, but it does not describe the specific reaction conditions when using a fixed-bed reactor.

[0016] In response to this, the inventors conducted diligent research and found that when a raw material containing plastic is thermally decomposed in a fixed-bed reaction chamber having a filler layer filled with filler in the presence of an inert gas, the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer is set to 5,000 h －１ By following these steps, we found that the formation of by-components such as paraffin and carbides is minimized, and at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons can be obtained efficiently and in high yield.

[0017] Embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to the following description, but are illustrative examples of chemical manufacturing methods and chemical manufacturing apparatus for embodying the technical concept of the present invention, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of this disclosure. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the "~" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values ​​described before and after it are included as the lower and upper limits, respectively, unless otherwise specified. In numerical ranges described in stages within this disclosure, the upper or lower limit described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another numerical range described in stages.

[0018] In the following explanation, terms indicating specific directions or positions (e.g., "up," "down," and other terms including these) will be used as needed. However, the use of these terms is solely to facilitate understanding of the invention by referring to the drawings, and the technical scope of the invention is not excessively limited by the meaning of these terms. For example, if "top surface" is mentioned, the invention must not always be used in a way that it faces upwards. Also, parts with the same reference numerals appearing in multiple drawings indicate the same or equivalent parts or components.

[0019] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the term "polygon" refers to polygons such as triangles and quadrilaterals, including shapes where the corners of the polygon have been rounded, chamfered, or otherwise modified. Similarly, shapes where modifications have been made not only to the corners (ends of the sides) but also to the middle parts of the sides will also be referred to as polygons. In other words, shapes that retain the shape of a polygon but have been partially modified are included in the interpretation of "polygon" as described in this disclosure.

[0020] Furthermore, the same applies not only to polygons, but also to words describing specific shapes such as trapezoids, circles, and concave shapes. The same also applies when dealing with each side that forms such a shape. In other words, even if a side has been processed at a corner or in the middle, the interpretation of "side" includes the processed part. When distinguishing a "polygon" or "side" without partial processing from a processed shape, the term "strictly" should be added, for example, "strictly quadrilateral."

[0021] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the sizes, materials, shapes, and relative arrangements of the components described below are intended to be illustrative examples of the embodiments of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope to those embodiments. Also, the content described in one embodiment may be applicable to other embodiments and modifications. Additionally, the sizes and positional relationships of the members shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity. Moreover, to avoid overly complex drawings, schematic diagrams may be used with some elements omitted, or end views showing only the cross-section may be used as cross-sectional views.

[0022] (Method for manufacturing chemical products) The method for manufacturing chemical products according to the present disclosure includes heating a fixed-bed reaction chamber having a filler layer filled with a filler, and thermally decomposing a raw material containing plastic in the fixed-bed reaction chamber in the presence of an inert gas, wherein the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer, as determined by the following formula 1, is 5,000 h －１ That's all. The gas space velocity (GHSV) is 5,000 h. －１ If it is less than , the amount of paraffin, a by-component, increases, and the yield of at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons also decreases. [Equation 1] GHSV = Q / V However, in Equation 1, GHSV is the gas space velocity (h) of the inert gas in the filler layer. －１ ) indicates, where Q is the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³). ３ / h) is shown, where V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m ３ ) indicates.

[0023] In the above formula 1, V can be calculated by the following formula 1-1. [Formula 1-1] V = A × H However, in the above formula 1-1, V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m³ ３ ) is shown, and A is the internal cross-sectional area (m²) of the fixed bed reaction section in a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the deposition direction of the filler in the filler layer of the fixed bed reaction section. ２ ) indicates, and H indicates the height (m) of the filler layer.

[0024] When the fixed bed reaction section is cylindrical, in equation 1-1, A can be calculated by the following equation 1-2. [Equation 1-2] A = r ２ π However, in formula 1-2 above, A is the cross-sectional area (m²) inside the fixed bed reaction section in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of deposit of the filler in the filler layer of the fixed bed reaction section. ２ ) is shown, where r is the radius in the cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the deposition direction of the filler in the filler layer of the fixed bed reaction section, and π is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.

[0025] Formulas 1, 1-1, and 1-2 will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1A and 1B. Figure 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cross-section parallel to the filling deposition direction in the filler layer of the fixed-bed reaction section. Figure 1B is a schematic diagram along the line IB-IB in Figure 1A. The fixed-bed reaction section shown in Figures 1A and 1B is cylindrical, and the cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed-bed reaction section is a perfect circle. Note that in Figure 1B, the plug 10 and the filler layer 2 are omitted.

[0026] In the internal space of the fixed-bed reaction section 1, the direction of gravity in which the filler is deposited by its own weight is defined as the Y-axis direction, the direction approximately perpendicular to the Y-axis direction is defined as the X-axis direction, and the direction approximately perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis directions is defined as the Z-axis direction. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually orthogonal. The longitudinal direction of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 is preferably the Y-axis direction, but is not limited to this.

[0027] In this disclosure, "approximately orthogonal" is not limited to 90°, but allows for a difference of 90° ± 5°.

[0028] In this disclosure, the height H of the filler layer 2 is defined as the distance (m) from the lower end of the portion of the fixed bed reaction unit 1 in which the filler layer 2 is contained to the upper end of the filler layer 2. For example, when filling a cylindrical fixed bed reaction unit 1 to form a filler layer 2, a stopper 10 is required to prevent it from falling due to its own weight. In this case, the lower end of the portion of the fixed bed reaction unit 1 in which the filler layer 2 is contained is the portion where the filler layer 2 and the stopper 10 are in contact, and the height from the top of the stopper 10 to the uppermost part where the filler is deposited is defined as the height H of the filler layer 2 in this disclosure. The height H of the filler layer 2 can also be expressed as the depth in the deposition direction of the filler layer 2 or the length in the Y-axis direction.

[0029] The filler is granular, and there may be voids between multiple fillers. According to formula 1-1, the volume V (m³) of the filler in the filler layer 2 is calculated. ３ When calculating the volume V of the filler, the volume V of the filler includes the volume of the filler itself and the volume of the voids between multiple fillers.

[0030] In formula 1-2, when determining the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the fixed bed reaction section 1, in order to determine the volume V of the filler in the filler layer 2 in formula 1, the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the fixed bed reaction section 1 at the bottom surface of the filler layer 2, i.e., at the point of contact between the filler layer 2 and the plug 10, as shown by the line IB-IB in Figure 1A, is determined.

[0031] Next, a method for producing a chemical product according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described. Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart for the method for producing a chemical product according to this disclosure.

[0032] The method for producing the chemicals of this disclosure includes heating S1 and thermal decomposition S2. The method for producing the chemicals of this disclosure may further include other treatments as necessary.

[0033] <<Chemicals>> The chemicals produced by the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure are not particularly limited as long as they are chemicals obtained by decomposing raw materials including plastics, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferable that the chemicals include at least one selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0034] In addition, the chemicals produced by the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure may include by-products in addition to the chemical containing at least one selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons. In such cases, the chemicals in this disclosure shall include both the chemical containing at least one selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons and the by-products.

[0035] In this disclosure, "useful component" means at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0036] In this disclosure, “auxiliary component” means a component other than at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons, contained in a chemical product.

[0037] -Olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms- In the method for producing chemicals according to the present disclosure, olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms may be referred to as "lower olefins". The olefin having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkenes having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and dienes having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and alkenes having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are more preferred.

[0038] An example of an olefin with two carbon atoms is ethylene.

[0039] An example of an olefin with three carbon atoms is propylene.

[0040] Examples of olefins with four carbon atoms include trans-2-butene, 1-butene, isobutene, cis-2-butene, and butadiene.

[0041] Examples of the olefin having 5 carbon atoms include trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 1-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, cis-2-pentene, isoprene, and cyclopentadiene.

[0042] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 41% by mass or more, more preferably 42% by mass or more, even more preferably 43% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 44% by mass or more, relative to the mass of the raw material containing the added plastic. A higher total yield (mass%) of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, and there are no particular restrictions on its upper limit. For example, it may be 90% by mass or less, or 80% by mass or less, relative to the mass of the raw material containing the added plastic. The lower and upper limits of the total yield (mass%) of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms can be combined as appropriate. For example, relative to the mass of the raw materials containing plastic, these limits may be 41% to 90% by mass, 42% to 90% by mass, 43% to 90% by mass, 44% to 90% by mass, 41% to 80% by mass, 42% to 80% by mass, 43% to 80% by mass, or 44% to 80% by mass.

[0043] Olefins with 2 to 5 carbon atoms can be used as basic chemicals suitable for chemical recycling and can serve as raw materials for polyolefins. Polyolefins can be suitably used in a variety of fields, such as shopping bags, plastic wrap, straws, medical devices, home appliance casings, erasers, hoses, tires, tubes, CD cases, food trays, food containers, plastic bottles, and fibers.

[0044] - Aromatic hydrocarbons - There are no particular restrictions on aromatic hydrocarbons, but benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), styrene, and the like are preferred.

[0045] In this disclosure, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), as well as styrene, may be referred to as "useful aromatic hydrocarbons."

[0046] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of useful aromatic hydrocarbons, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 12% by mass or more, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more, relative to the mass of the raw material containing the plastic that is added. A higher total yield (mass%) of useful aromatic hydrocarbons is preferable, and there are no particular restrictions on its upper limit. For example, it may be 50% by mass or less, or 30% by mass or less, relative to the mass of the raw material containing the plastic that is added. The lower and upper limits of the total yield (mass%) of useful aromatic hydrocarbons can be appropriately combined. For example, relative to the mass of the raw material containing the plastic that is added, examples include 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, 12% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, 15% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, 12% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and 15% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, etc.

[0047] -By-products- Chemicals obtained by the chemical manufacturing methods of this disclosure may contain by-products. Examples of by-products include paraffin, carbon, and hydrogen gas. Carbon as a by-product refers to a composition consisting only of carbon atoms, and examples include soot, graphite, and diamond.

[0048] In this disclosure, "paraffin" refers to an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably a chain-like aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0049] Specific examples of paraffins include ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane, isopentane, and n-pentane.

[0050] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of paraffins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, but it is preferably 35% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, even more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5% by mass or less, relative to the mass of the raw materials containing the added plastic. The lower limit of the total yield (mass%) of paraffins having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable as low as possible, for example, 0.1% by mass or more relative to the mass of the raw materials containing the added plastic.

[0051] The yield of useful components and by-products contained in the chemical can be determined by analyzing the gaseous product and liquid substance obtained as the chemical by the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector.

[0052] -O / P ratio- In this disclosure, the low amount of paraffin as a by-component and the excellent yield of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms can be evaluated by determining the ratio of the total yield (%) of olefin products having 2 to 5 carbon atoms to the total yield (%) of paraffin products having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, that is, the ratio [total yield (%) of olefin products having 2 to 5 carbon atoms / total yield (%) of paraffin products having 2 to 5 carbon atoms] (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "O / P ratio").

[0053] There are no particular restrictions on the O / P ratio, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferably 15 or higher, more preferably 16 or higher, even more preferably 17 or higher, and particularly preferably 18 or higher. Since a higher O / P ratio is preferable, there are no particular restrictions on its upper limit, but it is preferably 50 or lower, and more preferably 20 or lower.

[0054] When analyzing gaseous chemical products, the analysis can be performed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector under the analytical conditions described in the examples. Each component can then be quantified using the internal standard method, based on the ratio of the peak area of ​​each component to that of the internal standard. The internal standard is not particularly limited as long as it is stable under the analytical conditions and easily separated from the analyte; for example, cyclopentane can be used.

[0055] Furthermore, when analyzing liquid substances as chemicals, the analysis can be performed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector under the analytical conditions described in the examples, and each component can be quantified using the internal standard method based on the ratio of the peak area of ​​each component to that of the internal standard. The internal standard is not particularly limited as long as it is stable under the analytical conditions and easily separated from the analyte; for example, cyclopentane can be used.

[0056] Furthermore, the amount of coking, a by-product of the chemical, can be calculated by removing the filler layer from the reaction chamber, or the filler constituting the filler layer, from the reaction chamber and burning it in air, and then measuring the weight change before and after air burning.

[0057] <Heating S1> In heating S1, the fixed bed reaction section having a filler layer filled with filler is heated.

[0058] There are no particular restrictions on the method of heating the fixed-bed reaction section, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. It may be an external heating method in which the filler is heated by heat transfer from the outside, or an internal heating method in which the filler layer itself generates heat. Among these, the external heating method is preferred as the method of heating the heating furnace.

[0059] There are no particular restrictions on the heating temperature for the fixed-bed reaction section, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but 600°C or higher is preferred, 700°C or higher is more preferred, 750°C or higher is even more preferred, and 800°C or higher is particularly preferred. When the heating temperature for the filler is 600°C or higher, the O / P ratio improves and the yield of useful components also improves. Furthermore, there are no particular restrictions on the upper limit of the heating temperature for the fixed-bed reaction section, but 1,200°C or lower is preferred, 1,000°C or lower is more preferred, and 980°C or lower is even more preferred. When the heating temperature for the fixed-bed reaction section is 1,200°C or lower, the generation of by-products can be reduced, the O / P ratio improves, and the yield of useful components also improves.

[0060] The upper and lower limits of the heating temperature for heating the fixed bed reaction section can be combined as appropriate, but 600°C to 1,200°C is preferred, 700°C to 1,200°C is more preferred, 750°C to 1,000°C is even more preferred, and 800°C to 980°C is even more preferred.

[0061] <<Fixed Bed Reaction Section>> The fixed bed reaction section has a certain internal space that can accommodate fillers and ensures a flow path for raw materials including plastics and inert gases.

[0062] There are no particular restrictions on the shape, structure, and size of the fixed-bed reaction section, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, from the viewpoint of allowing smooth flow of raw materials containing plastics and chemicals, and ensuring sufficient contact time between the raw materials containing plastics and the fillers, it is preferable that the flow direction of the raw materials containing plastics is in the longitudinal direction.

[0063] The filler is placed in the internal space of the fixed-bed reaction section. In this disclosure, "fixed bed" refers to a reaction vessel in which the filler remains fixed even when an inert gas is passed through it during the thermal decomposition of raw materials including plastic.

[0064] <<Filler Layer>> The filler layer is a layer formed by filling the internal space of the fixed-bed reaction section with filler.

[0065] There are no particular restrictions on the filler, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferable that it does not react with an inert gas, and it is more preferable that it contains as a main component one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forstenite, and cordierite.

[0066] In this disclosure, the “main component” of the filler means the component that accounts for the largest mass proportion of the total mass of the filler.

[0067] Furthermore, the filler may be a material whose surface is coated with a conductive ceramic such as tungsten oxide, molybdenum(VI) oxide, molybdenum disilide, lanthanum chromite, triiron tetroxide, copper(I) oxide, tin dioxide, or indium oxide, so as to be stable in the atmosphere when heating the raw materials including plastic.

[0068] From the viewpoint of not hindering electrical connections or heat conduction between filler particles, the film thickness of the filler coating is preferably 0.001 μm to 5 μm.

[0069] There are no particular restrictions on the method of coating the surface of the filler, and a method can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the material, shape, structure, and size of the filler. For example, a method of coating with a ceramic raw material such as tungsten oxide by spray coating, printing, immersion, or dispenser coating is possible. A ceramic coating can be formed on the surface of a filler coated with a ceramic raw material by firing it using a known method.

[0070] Furthermore, the filler may be coated using dry methods such as physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, or sputtering, or it may be coated by oxidizing the surface of the filler itself to form an oxide film of the aforementioned thickness.

[0071] Furthermore, a catalyst may be supported on the surface of the filler, depending on the purpose of the heat treatment. There are no particular restrictions on the type of catalyst, and examples include various zeolites and FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalysts. The catalyst supported on the surface of the filler may be an unused catalyst or a catalyst that has been used in heat treatment one or more times.

[0072] The structure of surface-treated fillers can be confirmed, for example, by observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), or micro-Raman spectroscopy.

[0073] Among these, it is preferable that the filler mainly contains silicon dioxide or a surface-treated version thereof. Commercially available fillers containing silicon dioxide as the main component can be used, for example, CARiACT Q-10 (particle size: 1.18 mm to 2.36 mm, manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd.), Ube Silica Sand No. 5 (particle size: 1.7 mm to 0.2 mm, manufactured by Ube Sand Industry Co., Ltd.), and Ube Silica Sand No. 6 (particle size: 0.6 mm to 0.07 mm, manufactured by Ube Sand Industry Co., Ltd.).

[0074] The shape of the filler particles may be fixed or amorphous.

[0075] There are no particular restrictions on the particle size of the filler, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but 5.6 mm to 0.045 mm is preferred, 3 mm to 0.05 mm is more preferred, and 2 mm to 0.063 mm is even more preferred. The particle size of the filler is measured by the dry sieving test according to ISO 2591-1:1988.

[0076] There are no particular restrictions on the pore volume of the filler, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but 0.0001 cm³ is a reasonable limit. ３ / g or more 10cm ３ Preferably less than or equal to 0.001 cm². ３ / g or more 7cm ３ It is more preferable to have less than or equal to 0.001 cm / g. ３ / g or more 5cm ３ A value of less than or equal to / g is even more preferable. The pore volume of the filler is 0.0001 cm³. ３ / g or more 5cm ３ A value of less than / g is preferable because it allows for sufficient contact between the filler and the raw material containing the plastic, using readily available materials. The pore volume of the filler is measured in accordance with ISO 15901-2:2006 and analyzed by the BET method.

[0077] There are no particular restrictions on the specific surface area of ​​the filler, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but 0.1 m² is a reasonable value. ２ / g or more 1,000m ２ Preferably less than 0.2 m ２ / g or more 800m２ More preferably less than or equal to 0.3 m ２ / g or more 700m ２ A value of less than or equal to / g is even more preferable. The specific surface area of ​​the filler is 0.1 m². ２ / g or more 1,000m ２ A value of less than / g is preferable because it allows for sufficient contact between the filler and the raw material containing the plastic, using readily available materials. The specific surface area of ​​the filler is measured in accordance with ISO 9277:2010 using a specific surface area measuring device (e.g., BELSORP® MAX II, manufactured by Microtrac-Bell Co., Ltd.) at liquid nitrogen temperature, with nitrogen molecules as the probe.

[0078] The filler may contain other components besides the main component. There are no particular restrictions on the other components in the filler, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferable that the material is stable in the thermal decomposition temperature range of heating S1, does not undergo reduction by by-products such as carbon and hydrogen generated by the thermal decomposition of plastic, and does not react with inert gases.

[0079] There are no particular restrictions on the content of other components in the filler; they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.

[0080] <Thermal Decomposition S2> In thermal decomposition S2, the raw material containing plastic is thermally decomposed in a fixed-bed reaction section in the presence of an inert gas. This thermal decomposes the raw material containing plastic, making it possible to produce at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0081] In the thermal decomposition process S2, as described above, the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer, as determined by formula 1, is 5,000 h. －１ That's all.

[0082] The flow rate Q of the inert gas introduced into the fixed-bed reaction section is calculated using Equation 1 above, where the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer is 5,000 h⁻¹. －１As long as it can be done as described above, there are no particular restrictions, and it can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose.

[0083] Since the thermal decomposition S2 is carried out while heating the fixed bed reaction section, thermal decomposition S2 and heating S1 are carried out simultaneously. However, there are no particular restrictions on the timing of starting thermal decomposition S2 and heating S1; heating S1 may be started first, or heating S1 and thermal decomposition S2 may be started simultaneously. However, starting heating S1 first is preferable because the raw material containing plastic comes into contact with the fixed bed reaction section that has reached the desired temperature, resulting in better thermal decomposition efficiency.

[0084] <<Inert Gas>> There are no particular restrictions on the inert gas, but a gas that is stable in the heating temperature range is preferred.

[0085] Specific examples of inert gases include nitrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and noble gases. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, at least one of nitrogen gas and water vapor is preferred as the inert gas due to its industrial availability and low cost, with nitrogen gas being more preferred.

[0086] <<Raw Materials Containing Plastics>> There are no particular restrictions on the type of plastic used in raw materials containing plastics; they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples include mixed plastics containing polyolefins, aromatic plastics, and chlorine-containing plastics. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more types. Furthermore, raw materials containing plastics may also contain other components besides plastics as needed.

[0087] --Mixed Plastics-- There are no particular restrictions on the polyolefins included in the mixed plastics, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferable that they include polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), which are commonly used in beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded products, films, etc.

[0088] Furthermore, there are no particular restrictions on the polyolefin content in the raw materials containing plastic, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, it is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, even more preferably 55% by mass or more and 87% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 60% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the raw materials containing plastic.

[0089] - Aromatic Plastics - Aromatic plastics are plastics that have an aromatic skeleton. There are no particular restrictions on aromatic plastics, and they can be appropriately selected from those commonly used for beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded products, films, etc., depending on the purpose. Examples include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate (PC), and polystyrene (PS). These may be contained individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, aromatic plastics that contain polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS) are preferred.

[0090] -Chlorine-containing plastics- There are no particular restrictions on chlorine-containing plastics, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferable that they contain at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), which are commonly used in beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded products, films, etc.

[0091] There are no particular restrictions on the content of at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics in the plastic, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 10% to 50% by mass, more preferably 13% to 45% by mass, and even more preferably 15% to 40% by mass, relative to the total mass of the raw material containing the plastic. When the content of at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics in the raw material containing the plastic is 10% to 50% by mass, useful components can be obtained efficiently in high yield.

[0092] -Other Components- There are no particular restrictions on other components contained in raw materials containing plastics, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include other plastics other than polyolefins, aromatic plastics, and chlorine-containing plastics; and materials that are normally found in waste plastics such as paper and metal. These may be contained individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0093] Other plastics are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose, and examples include polyamide, polyurethane, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0094] There are no particular restrictions on the content of other components in the raw material containing plastic, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the type of raw material containing plastic used. However, from the viewpoint of the yield of the active ingredient, it is preferable that the content be less than 30% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the raw material containing plastic.

[0095] From the viewpoint of reducing environmental impact, it is preferable that the raw materials containing plastic include waste plastic. When the raw materials containing plastic are waste plastic, there are no particular restrictions on the composition and composition ratio, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but it is preferable that PE is 20% to 40% by mass, PP is 20% to 40% by mass, PS is 10% to 30% by mass, and PET is 10% to 30% by mass.

[0096] As waste plastics, for example, Refuse-derived paper and plastics-densified fuel (RPF) can be used.

[0097] The structure and content of each component in raw materials containing plastics can be determined by analysis using methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), ion chromatography (IC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyGC-MS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS).

[0098] In the thermal decomposition process S2, there are no particular restrictions on the state of the plastic in the raw material supplied to the fixed-bed reaction section, and examples include crystalline, glassy, ​​rubbery, and liquid forms. The plastic may also be in the form of decomposed products. Among these, rubbery or liquid plastic is preferred because it is easier to control the supply amount.

[0099] When the plastic is crystalline or glassy, ​​there are no particular restrictions on its form, and examples include crushed plastic, pellets of crushed plastic, and chips of crushed plastic.

[0100] There are no particular restrictions on the type of plastic used for the pulverized material; it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, for example, in powder or flake form.

[0101] Rubber-like or liquid plastic refers to plastic that is fluid at a temperature above its melting point but below its thermal decomposition temperature. Rubber-like or liquid plastic is also called "molten plastic."

[0102] Plastic decomposition products are materials that have been broken down from plastics into smaller molecules, but their molecular weight is still larger than that of the final chemical product.

[0103] The molecular weight of rubbery or liquid plastics does not change from the molecular weight of crystalline or glassy plastics of the same composition. Therefore, plastics and their decomposition products can be distinguished by their molecular weight. As the molecular weight decreases due to decomposition, the melting point also decreases, so in practice, this can be determined by the melting temperature. The melting temperature is measured by the method specified in JIS K7121-2012.

[0104] There are no particular restrictions on the melting temperature of the plastic, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the raw materials used, but 80°C to 200°C is preferred, 85°C to 195°C is more preferred, and 90°C to 190°C is even more preferred.

[0105] These raw materials, including various forms of plastic, may be used after being processed separately from the chemical manufacturing methods of this disclosure, or after being subjected to other processing as described below.

[0106] <Other processing>

[0107] The method for producing the chemicals described herein may further include, if necessary, pre-treating the raw materials containing plastic, supplying the raw materials containing plastic to a fixed-bed reaction chamber, heat-treating the chemicals obtained in S2, post-treating the chemicals, and separating the useful components in the chemicals.

[0108] Figure 3 shows another example of a flowchart of the method for manufacturing the chemicals of this disclosure.

[0109] <<Pre-treatment S11>> In pre-treatment S11, the raw material containing plastic is pre-treated before being subjected to thermal decomposition S2. By pre-treating the raw material containing plastic to make it easier to decompose, the plastic can be decomposed more efficiently. Pre-treatment S11 is performed before thermal decomposition S2, preferably before supplying S12.

[0110] Examples of pretreatment include crushing of raw materials containing plastic, pelletizing (chipping) of crushed raw materials containing plastic, melting of raw materials containing plastic, and pre-decomposition of raw materials containing plastic.

[0111] There are no particular restrictions on the pulverization process of raw materials containing plastic, and one method is to pulverize the raw materials containing plastic using a known pulverizer. There are no particular restrictions on the pulverized material of the raw materials containing plastic, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, for example, in the form of powder or flakes.

[0112] There are no particular restrictions on the method for converting pulverized raw materials containing plastic into pellets (also called "chips"), and any conventionally known method can be appropriately selected. For example, one method involves melting and extruding the pulverized material, and then cutting the strand-shaped melted extruded material to obtain chipped raw materials.

[0113] There are no particular restrictions on the melting treatment of raw materials containing plastics, and any conventionally known method can be appropriately selected. For example, a method of continuously supplying the material to the decomposition process using a melt extruder can be used. It is preferable to perform the melting treatment of raw materials containing plastics at a temperature of less than 300°C.

[0114] There are no particular limitations on the pre-decomposition treatment of the plastic-containing raw material, but one example is treatment at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the plastic (for example, above 200°C) but below 300°C. By pre-decomposing the plastic-containing raw material, it is possible to obtain partially decomposed plastic products from the plastic-containing raw material, although their molecular weight is higher than that of the chemicals described herein.

[0115] <<Supplying S12>> In supplying S12, the raw materials containing plastic, which are heated in the fixed bed reaction section in heating S1, are supplied to the fixed bed reaction section.

[0116] There are no particular restrictions on the method of supplying the raw materials containing plastic to the fixed-bed reaction section; they may be supplied intermittently or continuously. Among these methods, continuous supply is preferred because it minimizes temperature changes in the heated filler.

[0117] When raw materials containing plastic are supplied intermittently to the fixed-bed reaction section, there are no particular restrictions on the supply time, non-supply time, or intervals between these.

[0118] When supplying raw materials containing plastic to a fixed-bed reaction chamber intermittently, there is no particular limit on the amount of raw materials containing plastic supplied at one time. When supplying raw materials containing plastic to a fixed-bed reaction chamber intermittently, from the viewpoint of preventing the temperature of the filler layer from dropping too low, it is preferable to add the raw materials containing plastic from the second time onward only after the temperature of the filler layer, which had dropped during the previous addition, has recovered to the desired temperature.

[0119] When supplying raw materials containing plastic to a fixed-bed reactor continuously, there are no particular restrictions on the amount of raw materials containing plastic supplied.

[0120] <<Recovering Chemicals S13>> In recovering chemicals S13, the chemicals obtained in heat treatment S2 are recovered. There are no particular restrictions on the recovery method, and a method can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the type of chemical obtained. For example, gaseous products can be separated by atmospheric pressure or pressurized distillation, and liquid hydrocarbons can be separated by atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure distillation.

[0121] <<Post-treatment S14>> In post-treatment S14, by-products in the chemicals generated in thermal decomposition S2 of the raw materials containing plastic by heating S1 are decomposed. Post-treatment S14 is performed after thermal decomposition S2, preferably after chemical recovery S13.

[0122] Post-treatment methods performed in S14, which involves post-treatment of chemical products, include, for example, the removal of halogen compounds. Methods for removing halogen compounds include a fixed bed filled with an oxide or hydroxide of one metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, or a method of passing an aqueous solution of the oxide or hydroxide of the said metal through the bed.

[0123] <<Separation of useful components S15>> In separation of useful components S15, only the useful components are separated from the chemical product obtained in thermal decomposition S2. Separation of useful components S15 may be performed after thermal decomposition S2, after recovery of chemical product S13, or after post-treatment S14.

[0124] In separating the useful components in S15, there are no particular restrictions on the method for separating the useful components from the by-products, and a method can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the type of useful component or by-product obtained.

[0125] The chemical manufacturing method described herein allows for the efficient production of at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons, with a low amount of paraffin as a by-component, and in high yield. The manufactured chemical can be used as a basic chemical suitable for chemical recycling.

[0126] (Chemical Manufacturing Apparatus) [First Embodiment] The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a fixed-bed reaction unit having a filler layer filled with filler; a raw material supply unit connected to the fixed-bed reaction unit and supplying raw materials including plastic into the fixed-bed reaction unit; an inert gas supply unit connected to the fixed-bed reaction unit and supplying inert gas into the fixed-bed reaction unit; a heating unit for heating the fixed-bed reaction unit; and a control unit for controlling the amount of inert gas supplied by the inert gas supply unit, wherein the control unit controls the volume V (m³) of the filler layer. ３ ) and the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer for 5,000 h －１An input / output unit that inputs and outputs any of the above values, and the volume V (m³) of the filler layer by the input / output unit. ３ From the input values ​​of ) and the input values ​​of the gas space velocity (GHSV), the flow rate Q (Nm³) of the inert gas to be supplied to the fixed-bed reaction section is calculated using the following formula 2. ３ The apparatus comprises a calculation unit that calculates the flow rate of the inert gas ( / h). The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure may further have other components as needed. [Equation 2] Q = GHSV × V In Equation 2, Q is the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³ ３ The GHSV is the gas space velocity (h) of the inert gas in the filler layer. －１ ) indicates that V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m³ ３ ) indicates.

[0127] The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure can suitably carry out the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure.

[0128] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0129] The chemical manufacturing apparatus (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "manufacturing apparatus 100") comprises a fixed bed reaction section 1, a filler layer 2, a raw material supply section 3, an inert gas supply section 4, a heating section 5, and a control section 6.

[0130] <Fixed Bed Reaction Unit 1> The fixed bed reaction unit 1 is a component having a filler layer filled with filler. In the fixed bed reaction unit 1, the filler layer 2 placed inside the fixed bed reaction unit 1 is heated by the heating unit 5, thereby heating the raw material M containing plastic (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "raw material M") supplied to the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1.

[0131] For example, if the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is 400°C or less, the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 may be a metal such as iron (Fe) or titanium (Ti); alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), Zirconia (ZrO ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N４ ), mullite (3Al ２ O ３ ・2SiO ２ Inorganic compounds such as ) and alloys such as stainless steel, Inconel (registered trademark), and Hastelloy (registered trademark) can be used. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, when the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is 400°C or less, iron (Fe) and general stainless steels such as SUS304, SUS304L, SUS316, and SUS316L are preferred as the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 from the viewpoint of material cost.

[0132] For example, if the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is between 400°C and 700°C, the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), Zirconia (ZrO ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), mullite (3Al ２ O ３ ・2SiO ２ Inorganic compounds such as ); alloys such as stainless steel (e.g., SUS316L, SUS310S, etc.), Inconel (registered trademark), Hastelloy (registered trademark) can be used.

[0133] For example, if the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is between 700°C and 950°C, the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), Zirconia (ZrO ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), mullite (3Al ２ O ３ ・2SiO ２Inorganic compounds such as SUS310S, Inconel (registered trademark), Hastelloy (registered trademark), and other alloys can be used.

[0134] For example, if the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is a water vapor atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is 700°C or less, the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), Zirconia (ZrO ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), mullite (3Al ２ O ３ ・2SiO ２ Inorganic compounds such as ) and alloys such as stainless steel (e.g., SUS316, SUS316L, SUS310S, etc.), Inconel (registered trademark), Hastelloy (registered trademark) can be used.

[0135] For example, if the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is a water vapor atmosphere and the inner surface temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is between 700°C and 950°C, the material of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), Zirconia (ZrO ３ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ３ N ４ ), mullite (3Al ２ O ３ ・2SiO ２ Inorganic compounds such as ) and alloys such as Inconel (registered trademark) and Hastelloy (registered trademark) can be used.

[0136] The shape, structure, and size of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 are not particularly limited as long as they can accommodate the filler layer 2 and allow the raw material M to flow through them; they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0137] Examples of the shape of the fixed bed reaction section 1 include cylindrical, rectangular parallelepiped, conical, frustoconical, and columnar shapes in which the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fixed bed reaction section 1 is polygonal.

[0138] In order to retain the filler layer 2 inside the fixed bed reaction section 1, it is preferable to install a stopper 10 through which an inert gas G such as quartz wool can be circulated, thereby sealing the inside of the fixed bed reaction section 1. The stopper may be a mesh or a dispersion plate.

[0139] <Filler layer 2> The filler layer 2 is placed in the internal space of the fixed bed reaction section 1. The filler layer 2 can be the one described in the section (Method of manufacturing chemical products) of this disclosure.

[0140] <Raw Material Supply Unit 3> The raw material supply unit 3 is connected to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and is a component that supplies raw materials M containing plastic to the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1. Examples of the raw material supply unit 3 include a raw material distribution unit 3a through which the raw materials M containing plastic are distributed, and a raw material input unit 3b that puts the raw materials M containing plastic into the fixed bed reaction unit 1.

[0141] In this disclosure, "connection" of the raw material supply unit 3 to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 means that the inside of the raw material distribution section 3a of the raw material supply unit 3 and the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1 are in communication so that the raw material M can pass through them.

[0142] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the raw material supply unit 3; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed bed reaction unit 1, depending on the purpose.

[0143] The shape, structure, and size of the raw material supply unit 3 are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and supply raw materials M to the fixed bed reaction unit 1. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped. Also, if a part of the fixed bed reaction unit 1 has an opening, this opening can be used as the raw material supply unit 3.

[0144] The location of the raw material supply unit 3 is not particularly limited, as long as it can be connected to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and can supply raw materials M, including plastic, into the fixed bed reaction unit 1. The location can be appropriately selected depending on the type of raw material M. Figure 4 shows the raw material supply unit 3 positioned on the upper surface in the longitudinal direction of the fixed bed reaction unit 1, but it may also be positioned on the side of the fixed bed reaction unit 1.

[0145] The raw material M containing plastic used in the manufacturing apparatus 100 is as described in the section (Method for producing the compound) of this disclosure.

[0146] <Inert Gas Supply Unit 4> The inert gas supply unit 4 is connected to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and is a component that supplies inert gas G to the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1. Examples of the inert gas supply unit 4 include an inert gas flow unit 4a through which the inert gas G flows, and a pump 4b that flows the inert gas G in a fixed amount for a fixed period of time.

[0147] In this disclosure, "connection" of the inert gas supply unit 4 to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 means that the inside of the inert gas flow section 4a of the inert gas supply unit 4 and the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1 are in communication with the fixed bed reaction unit 1 so that the inert gas G can pass through.

[0148] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the inert gas supply unit 4; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed-bed reaction unit 1, depending on the purpose.

[0149] The shape, structure, and size of the inert gas supply unit 4 are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the fixed-bed reaction unit 1 and supply inert gas G to the fixed-bed reaction unit 1. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped. Also, if a part of the fixed-bed reaction unit 1 has an opening, this opening can be used as the inert gas supply unit 4.

[0150] When the chemical manufacturing apparatus is in operation, it is preferable that the inert gas supply unit 4 be positioned so that the direction of supply of the inert gas G is the same as the direction of supply of the raw material M. In Figure 4, the inert gas supply unit 4 is shown to be positioned on the upper surface in the longitudinal direction of the fixed bed reaction unit 1, but it may also be positioned on the side of the fixed bed reaction unit 1.

[0151] As for the type of inert gas G, those described in the section (Method of Manufacturing Chemical Products) of this disclosure can be used.

[0152] <Heating Unit 5> The heating unit 5 is a component that heats the fixed bed reaction unit 1. There are no particular restrictions on the heating unit 5; it may be an external heating method that heats the fluidized bed by heat transfer from the outside, or an internal heating method that generates heat in the filler layer 2 itself. For the heating unit 5 of the external heating method, for example, a known electric furnace can be used. For the heating unit 5 of the internal heating method, for example, a resistance heating method can be used in which two electrodes are attached to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 in contact with each other, and heat is generated by applying a voltage between the electrodes.

[0153] The temperature of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 can be measured by inserting a thermocouple into the center of the filler layer 2.

[0154] <Control Unit 6> The control unit 6 is a component that controls the amount of inert gas G supplied by the inert gas supply unit 4. The control unit 6 may also control other processes of the manufacturing apparatus 100.

[0155] Figure 6 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a control unit for a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0156] The control unit 6 comprises an input / output unit 61 and a calculation unit 62.

[0157] Furthermore, the control unit 6 may have other components. Examples of other components in the control unit 6 include a controller 63, a CPU (central processing unit) 64, a memory 65, a display unit 66, a communication unit 67, and a storage unit 68.

[0158] <<Input / Output Unit 61>> The input / output unit 61 consists of an operation panel, keyboard, etc., for the operator to perform various operations such as inputting various data and outputting various data to a predetermined storage medium.

[0159] The input / output unit 61 has a volume V (m³) of the filler layer 2. ３ The filler layer volume input / output unit 61a performs input and output of ) and the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas G in the filler layer 2 is related to 5,000 h －１ The system preferably includes a gas space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b that inputs and outputs any of the above values.

[0160] - Filler layer volume input / output unit 61a - The input and output of the volume of the filler layer 2 are preferably performed by the filler layer volume input / output unit 61a. Information on the volume V (m ３ ) of the filler layer 2 in the filler layer volume input / output unit 61a is input by the operator.

[0161] - Gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b - The input and output of the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas G are preferably performed by the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b. Information on any value of 5,000 h －１ or more in the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b is input by the operator.

[0162] <<Calculation unit 62>> The calculation unit 62 calculates the flow rate Q (Nm ３ / h) of the inert gas G supplied to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 from the input value of the volume V (m ３ ) of the filler layer 2 by the filler layer volume input / output unit 61a of the input / output unit 61 and the input value of the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) by the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b according to the above formula 2.

[0163] When the cross-sectional area inside the fixed bed reaction unit 1 is constant, in the above formula 2, V can be calculated by the following formula 2-1. [Formula 2-1] V = A × H However, in the above formula 2-1, V represents the volume of the filler in the filler layer 2 (m ３ ), A represents the cross-sectional area inside the fixed bed reaction unit 1 (m ２ ) in the cross-section perpendicular to the deposition direction of the filler in the filler layer 2 of the fixed bed reaction unit 1, and H represents the height (m) of the filler layer 2.

[0164] When the fixed bed reaction unit 1 is cylindrical, in the above formula 2-1, A can be calculated by the following formula 2-2. [Formula 2-2] A = r ２ π However, in the above formula 2-2, A represents the cross-sectional area inside the fixed bed reaction unit 1 (m ２) is shown, where r is the radius in the cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the filling deposition direction in the filler layer 2 of the fixed bed reaction section 1, and π is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.

[0165] Formulas 2, 2-1, and 2-2 will be described in detail with reference to Figures 5A and 5B. Figure 5A is a partially enlarged view of the fixed-bed reaction section in Figure 4, and is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cross-section parallel to the filling deposition direction in the filler layer of the fixed-bed reaction section. Figure 5B is a schematic diagram along the line VB-VB in Figure 5A. Note that in Figure 5B, the plug 10 and the filler layer 2 are omitted.

[0166] In the internal space of the fixed-bed reaction section 1, the direction of gravity in which the filler is deposited by its own weight is defined as the Y-axis direction, the direction approximately perpendicular to the Y-axis direction is defined as the X-axis direction, and the direction approximately perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis directions is defined as the Z-axis direction. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually orthogonal. The longitudinal direction of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 is preferably the Y-axis direction, but is not limited to this.

[0167] When filling a cylindrical fixed-bed reaction section 1 with filler to form a filler layer 2, a stopper 10 is necessary to prevent it from falling due to its own weight. In this disclosure, the height H of the filler layer 2 is defined as the height from the stopper 10 to the uppermost layer where the filler is deposited. The height H of the filler layer 2 can also be expressed as the depth of the filler layer 2 in the deposition direction or the length in the Y-axis direction.

[0168] The filler is granular, and there may be voids between multiple fillers. According to formula 2-1, the volume V (m³) of the filler in the filler layer 2 is calculated. ３ When calculating the volume V of the filler, the volume V of the filler includes the volume of the filler itself and the volume of the voids between multiple fillers.

[0169] A signal based on the flow rate Q of the inert gas G is sent to the inert gas supply controller 63a.

[0170] <<Controller 63>> The controller 63 controls the operation of various components. The controller 63 has an inert gas supply amount controller 63a.

[0171] -Inert gas supply controller 63a- The inert gas supply controller 63a controls the flow rate Q (Nm³) of the inert gas calculated by the calculation unit 62. ３ This component controls the supply of inert gas G from the inert gas supply unit 4 at / h.

[0172] The inert gas supply controller 63a controls the flow rate Q (Nm³) of the inert gas calculated by the calculation unit 62. ３ The input value of ( / h) and the signal based on the actual amount of inert gas G supplied into the fixed-bed reaction unit 1, measured by an inert gas supply rate measuring unit such as a gas flow meter, are taken in, and the inert gas flow rate Q (Nm³) is calculated by the calculation unit 62. ３ It is preferable to use PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) control or on-off control to feedback control the amount of inert gas G supplied by the inert gas supply unit 4 so as to keep the ( / h) constant.

[0173] <<CPU 64>> The CPU 64 reads various programs and data necessary for program execution from the storage unit 68 as needed and uses them.

[0174] <<Memory 65>> Memory 65 is used for various processes performed by the CPU 64.

[0175] <<Display Unit 66>> The display unit 66 is a liquid crystal display that displays the operation screen, selection screen, etc. of the manufacturing device 100.

[0176] <<Communication Unit 67>> The communication unit 67 handles data exchange via networks, etc.

[0177] <<Storage Unit 68>> The storage unit 68 consists of a hard disk (HDD) and the like that stores various programs executed by the CPU 64 and processing recipe data 68a necessary for the execution of those programs.

[0178] <Other Components> Other components are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair the effectiveness of the chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Examples include a chemical recovery unit 7, a chemical removal unit 8, a cooling unit 9, a stopper 10, a storage unit 11, a three-way cock 12, an exhaust unit 13, a mist trap 14, a hydrogen chloride trap 15a, a measuring unit for measuring the yield of useful components, a pre-processing unit, a post-processing unit, a separation unit, and the like.

[0179] <<Recovery Unit 7>> The recovery unit 7 is a component that recovers chemical products R generated from raw materials M, including plastic. The recovery unit 7 may consist of only one unit or two or more units.

[0180] There are no particular restrictions on the structure, shape, material, and size of the recovery section 7, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and type of product, including known containers.

[0181] Furthermore, the recovery unit 7 may contain a solvent capable of separating the useful components. There are no particular restrictions on the solvent, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the type of useful component to be recovered. For example, ethanol, hexane, dimethylformamide, cyclopentane, and water can be used as solvents for extracting useful components from liquid products.

[0182] The useful components in the gaseous product can be suitably separated by further pressurized distillation.

[0183] <<Removal Section 8>> The removal section 8 is a component that removes the chemical product R produced from the raw material M containing plastic from the fixed bed reaction section 1. Preferably, the removal section 8 connects the fixed bed reaction section 1 and the recovery section 7. If the manufacturing apparatus 100 has other components between the fixed bed reaction section 1 and the recovery section 7, the removal section 8 may be located in the region connecting the fixed bed reaction section 1 and the other components, and in the region connecting the other components and the recovery section 7. In other words, there may be one removal section 8 or there may be multiple removal sections 8. Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the extraction unit 8 has an extraction unit 8a connecting the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and the three-way cock 12, an extraction unit 8b connecting the three-way cock 12 and the cooling trap 9a of the cooling unit 9, an extraction unit 8c connecting the cooling unit 9 and the mist trap 14, an extraction unit 8d connecting the mist trap 14 and the hydrogen chloride trap 15a, and an extraction unit 8e connecting the hydrogen chloride trap 15a and the recovery unit 7, but is not limited to this embodiment.

[0184] Figure 4 shows, but is not limited to, an outlet 8a connecting the fixed bed reaction unit 1 and the three-way cock 12, an outlet 8b connecting the three-way cock 12 and the cooling unit 9, an outlet 8c connecting the cooling unit 9 and the mist trap 14, an outlet 8d connecting the mist trap 14 and the hydrogen chloride trap 15a, and an outlet 8e connecting the hydrogen chloride trap 15a and the recovery unit 7.

[0185] In this disclosure, "connection" of the extraction unit 8 to the fixed bed reaction unit 1, the recovery unit 7, and other various components means that the inside of the extraction unit 8 and the inside of the fixed bed reaction unit 1, the recovery unit 7, or other various components are in communication so that the chemical product R can pass through them.

[0186] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the extraction section 8; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed bed reaction section 1, depending on the purpose.

[0187] The shape, structure, and size of the extraction section 8 are not particularly limited as long as they can extract the chemical product R processed in the fixed-bed reaction section 1, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples include cylindrical and rectangular parallelepiped shapes. Furthermore, if a part of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 has an opening, this opening can also be used as the extraction section 8.

[0188] <<Cooling Section 9>> The cooling section 9 is a component that cools the chemical product R obtained by passing through the fixed-bed reaction section 1. By cooling the chemical product R, the liquid components in the product can be recovered within the cooling section.

[0189] The cooling unit 9 is preferably positioned between the extraction unit 8 and the recovery unit 7. That is, the cooling unit 9 is preferably connected to the extraction unit 8 in one part and to the recovery unit 7 in another part.

[0190] In this disclosure, "connection" of the cooling unit 9 to the extraction unit 8 means that the interior of the cooling unit 9 and the interior of the extraction unit 8 are in communication so that the chemical product R can pass through them. Furthermore, "connection" of the cooling unit 9 to the recovery unit 7 means that the interior of the cooling unit 9 and the interior of the recovery unit 7 are in communication so that the chemical product R can pass through them.

[0191] Examples of the cooling section 9 include a cooling trap 9a for cooling the chemical product R, and a cooling section 9b for cooling the cooling trap 9a. The structure, shape, material, and size of the cooling trap 9a and the cooling section 9b are not particularly limited as long as they can cool the chemical product R, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0192] The cooling trap 9a may contain an organic solvent 9c for dissolving the chemical R. The organic solvent 9c can condense the useful components in the chemical R, especially the liquid useful components. A non-aqueous solvent is preferred as the organic solvent for dissolving the chemical R. Examples of non-aqueous solvents include aromatic organic solvents such as monochlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, and mesitylene. It is preferable that the outlet of the outlet section 8b is placed in the organic solvent 9c so that the chemical R (e.g., the generated gas) bubbles in the organic solvent 9c.

[0193] The cooling section 9b is not particularly limited as long as it can cool the cooling trap 9a, and may, for example, contain a refrigerant 9d. Examples of refrigerant 9d include ice water.

[0194] <<Stopper 10>> The stopper 10 is placed inside the fixed bed reaction section 1 and is a component that seals the fixed bed reaction section 1 to prevent the filler from falling in. However, the stopper 10 is a component that does not allow the filler to pass through, but allows the addition of an inert gas G, raw material M, or chemical product R.

[0195] The structure, shape, material, and size of the stopper 10 are not particularly limited, as long as it does not allow the filler to pass through, but does allow the inert gas G, raw material M, or chemical product R to pass through. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples include quartz wool, a mesh, a screen, and a dispersion plate. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0196] <<Storage section 11>> The storage section 11 is a component for storing raw materials M, including plastic.

[0197] The structure, shape, material, and size of the storage section 11 are not particularly limited as long as it can store raw materials M including plastic, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0198] There are no particular restrictions on the number of storage units 11; there may be one or more. If the manufacturing apparatus 100 has multiple storage units 11, for example, it can be used to store plastics containing polyolefin and at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics, where the composition and content of each component differ.

[0199] <<Three-way cock 12>> The three-way cock 12 is positioned between multiple outlets 8, between an outlet 8 and an exhaust outlet 13, etc., and is a component that switches the flow path of exhaust gas, chemicals R, etc.

[0200] There are no particular restrictions on the material and size of the three-way stopcock 12; they can be appropriately selected from known materials depending on the purpose.

[0201] <<Exhaust section 13>> The exhaust section 13 is a component that exhausts the inert gas G that has passed through the fixed bed reaction section 1. The exhaust section 13 is connected via a three-way cock 12 to a take-off section 8, preferably a take-off section 8a connected to the fixed bed reaction section 1.

[0202] It is preferable that the manufacturing apparatus 100 maintains an inert gas G atmosphere in the fixed bed reaction section 1 before starting the thermal decomposition of the raw material M. Therefore, when supplying only the inert gas G to the fixed bed reaction section 1 before starting the thermal decomposition of the raw material M, it is preferable to connect the three-way stopcock 12 to the fixed bed reaction section 1 and the exhaust section 13, and exhaust the inert gas G from the exhaust section 13, in order to avoid the inert gas G being recovered in the recovery section 7.

[0203] <<Mist Trap 14>> The mist trap 14 is a component that recovers liquid components that could not be collected by the cooling trap 9a. The structure, shape, material, and size of the mist trap 14 are not particularly limited as long as they can collect liquid components, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. It is preferable to use glass wool or other adsorbent inside the mist trap 14 for the purpose of collecting liquid components.

[0204] <<Hydrogen Chloride Trap 15a>> The hydrogen chloride trap 15a is a component for separating and recovering hydrogen chloride generated from chlorine-containing plastics, and is preferably installed when the raw material M contains chlorine-containing plastics such as PVC. The hydrogen chloride trap 15a contains a chemical agent 15b. The chemical agent 15b can separate and recover hydrogen chloride encompassed in the chemical product R. Examples of chemical agent 15b include alkaline aqueous solutions such as sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate, and alkaline earth metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate. It is preferable that the outlet of the outlet section 8d is placed in the chemical agent 15b, so that the chemical product R (for example, the generated gas) bubbles in the chemical agent 15b.

[0205] <<Measurement Unit>> The measurement unit is a component that measures the yield of useful components contained in the chemical product R manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus 100.

[0206] The measuring unit may be located inside the manufacturing apparatus 100, or it may be connected to and provided outside the manufacturing apparatus 100.

[0207] The measuring unit is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the yield of useful components contained in the chemical product R, and any known measuring device may be used. Examples of known measuring devices include flame ionization detectors (FIDs) and gas chromatography equipped with thermal conduction detectors (TCDs).

[0208] There are no particular restrictions on the structure, shape, material, and size of the measuring section; they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and type of product.

[0209] <<Pre-processing section>> The pre-processing section is a component that pre-processes the raw material M, which includes plastic. It is preferable that the pre-processing section is connected to the raw material supply section 3.

[0210] In this disclosure, "connecting" the pre-processing unit to the raw material supply unit 3 means that the inside of the pre-processing unit and the inside of the raw material supply unit 3 are in communication so that the raw material M can pass through them.

[0211] The pre-processing unit performs, for example, the task of transforming the plastic contained in the raw material M into a form or state that is easily decomposed.

[0212] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the pre-treatment section; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed-bed reaction section 1, depending on the purpose.

[0213] The shape, structure, and size of the pre-processing unit are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the raw material supply unit 3 and perform pre-processing of the raw material M. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples include cylindrical and rectangular parallelepiped shapes.

[0214] <<Post-processing section>> The post-processing section is a component that decomposes unwanted components such as by-products from the chemical product R. It is preferable that the post-processing section is connected to the recovery section 7.

[0215] In this disclosure, "connection" of the post-processing unit to the recovery unit 7 means that the inside of the post-processing unit and the inside of the recovery unit 7 are in communication so that the chemical product R can pass through them.

[0216] The post-processing unit performs tasks such as removing paraffin, halogens, etc., generated from the plastic contained in the raw material M.

[0217] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the post-processing section; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed-bed reaction section 1, depending on the purpose.

[0218] The shape, structure, and size of the post-processing unit are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the recovery unit 7 and decompose unwanted components in the chemical product R. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples include cylindrical and rectangular parallelepiped shapes.

[0219] <<Separation Processing Unit>> The separation processing unit is a component that separates useful components from the chemical product R recovered in the recovery unit 7. It is preferable that the separation processing unit is connected to the recovery unit 7 or the post-processing unit.

[0220] In this disclosure, "connection" of the separation processing unit to the recovery unit 7 or post-processing unit means that the interior of the post-separation processing unit and the interior of the recovery unit 7 or post-processing unit are in communication with each other in a manner that allows the chemical product R to pass through.

[0221] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the separation processing unit; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the fixed-bed reaction unit 1, depending on the purpose.

[0222] The shape, structure, and size of the separation processing unit are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the recovery unit 7 or the post-processing unit and separate useful components from the chemical product R. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0223] The separation unit includes, for example, a pressurized distillation apparatus. This separates the useful components from the chemical product R. For example, if the chemical product R contains at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons, these useful components can be suitably separated from the chemical product R by pressurized distillation.

[0224] [Example of operation of the chemical manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment] Next, a specific example of the operation of the chemical manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be described. The manufacturing apparatus 100 performs heating S1 in the method of manufacturing a compound according to the disclosure by heating the fixed bed reaction unit 1 to a desired temperature using the heating unit 5. Then, while heating the fixed bed reaction unit 1 with the heating unit 5, inert gas G is supplied to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 from the inert gas supply unit 4, and raw materials M containing plastic stored in the storage unit 11 are supplied to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 by the raw material supply unit 3, thereby performing supply S12 and thermal decomposition S2 in the method of manufacturing a compound according to the disclosure. At this time, the amount of inert gas G supplied is set in the filler layer volume input / output unit 61a of the input / output unit 61, where the volume V (m³) of the filler layer 2 input to the operator is set. ３ ) information and gas space velocity (GHSV) input / output unit 61b, 5,000h input to the operator －１ Based on the above information regarding the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas G, the flow rate Q (Nm³) of the inert gas G is calculated by the calculation unit 62. ３ It is supplied to the fixed bed reaction unit 1 at a rate of / h).

[0225] The chemical product R, which is a product containing useful components obtained by heating, can be recovered in the cooling unit 9 and the recovery unit 7, and optionally in the mist trap 14, as described in S13 in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure. Subsequently, post-processing in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure may be performed in the post-processing unit S14, or the useful components in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure may be separated in the separation unit S15.

[0226] The chemical product R containing the useful components obtained by heating is recovered in the recovery unit 7. Preferably, the chemical product R containing the useful components obtained by heating is removed from the fixed bed reaction unit 1 by the removal unit 8a, passes through the removal unit 8b, the cooling unit 9, and then passes through the removal unit 8c, mist trap 14, removal unit 8d, hydrogen chloride trap 15a, and removal unit 8e in that order before being recovered in the recovery unit 7. In the recovery unit 7, preferably the removal unit 8, the cooling unit 9, the mist trap 14, the hydrogen chloride trap 15a, and the recovery unit 7, the chemical product in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure can be recovered (S13).

[0227] When chemical product R is transferred to the cooling trap 9a of the cooling unit 9, first, chemical product R is cooled in the cooling unit 9, which contains organic solvent 9c cooled by the refrigerant 9d in the insulation unit 9b. As a result, components in chemical product R that can dissolve in the organic solvent 9c are condensed in the organic solvent 9c. In addition, liquid components that were not collected by the cooling trap 9a can be recovered in the mist trap 14. On the other hand, components in chemical product R that do not dissolve in the organic solvent 9c and components that were not recovered in the mist trap 14 are transferred directly to the recovery unit 7. As a result, the target components can be recovered in the organic solvent 9c and in the recovery unit 7. If a hydrogen chloride trap 15a is present before the recovery unit 7, hydrogen chloride can also be separated and recovered from chemical product R.

[0228] If necessary, the raw material M is subjected to a pre-treatment process S11 before being supplied to the fixed-bed reaction unit 1, thereby performing the pre-treatment in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure. The chemical product R recovered in the recovery unit 7 is subjected to a post-treatment process S14, thereby performing the post-treatment in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure. The chemical product R recovered in the recovery unit 7, or the chemical product R from which unwanted components have been decomposed in the post-treatment process, is subjected to a separation process S15, thereby separating the useful components in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure.

[0229] The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment described above allows for the efficient production of at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons, with a low amount of paraffin as a by-component, and in high yield. The manufactured chemical can be used as a basic chemical suitable for chemical recycling.

[0230] The chemicals produced by the manufacturing apparatus 100 of this disclosure are as described in the section (Method for producing compounds) of this disclosure.

[0231] [Second Embodiment] The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure differs from the chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure in that the input / output unit 61 of the control unit 6 further has a target temperature T input / output unit 61c, and the controller 63 further has a heating temperature control controller 63b.

[0232] The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure has the same configuration as the chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure, except for the control unit 6. The following describes the differences between the chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure and the chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0233] Figure 7 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a control unit for a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.

[0234] <Control Unit 6> In the control unit 6, the input / output unit 61 inputs and outputs a target temperature T between 600°C and 1,200°C, and the heating temperature control controller 63b controls the heating temperature by the heating unit 5 to reach the target temperature T based on the input value of the target temperature T from the input / output unit 61.

[0235] <<Input / Output Unit 61>> -Target Temperature T Input / Output Unit 61c- Input and output of the target temperature T between 600°C and 1,200°C is preferably performed by the target temperature T input / output unit 61c. The target temperature T information in the target temperature T input / output unit 61c is input by the operator.

[0236] <<Controller 63>> - Heating temperature control controller 63b - The heating temperature control controller 63b is a component that controls the heating temperature of the heating unit 5 to reach the target temperature T, based on the input value of the target temperature T in the input / output unit 61c.

[0237] Preferably, the heating temperature control controller 63b receives a signal based on the input value of the target temperature T in the target temperature T input / output unit 61c and a signal based on the temperature of the filler layer 2 in the fixed bed reaction unit 1 actually measured by a temperature measuring unit such as a thermocouple, and feedback controls the heating temperature of the heating unit 5 using PID (Proportional-Integral-Differental) control or on-off control so as to heat the filler layer 2 at a constant temperature of the target temperature T.

[0238] Next, an example of the operation of the chemical manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The manufacturing apparatus 100 performs heating S1 in the compound manufacturing method of the present disclosure by heating the fixed bed reaction unit 1 to a desired temperature using the heating unit 5. At this time, the heating temperature by the heating unit 5 is the target temperature T input to the operator at the target temperature T input / output unit 61c of the input / output unit 61. Based on the input value of the target temperature T at the target temperature T input / output unit 61b of the input / output unit 61, the heating temperature control controller 63b controls the heating temperature of the heating unit 5 to reach the target temperature T. The target temperature T is preferably 600°C or more and 1,200°C or less.

[0239] The embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to preparation examples, examples, and comparative examples, but the embodiments are not limited to these preparation examples, examples, and comparative examples.

[0240] (Preparation Example 1) <Preparation of RPF Powder (P1)> RPF, manufactured from mixed plastics recovered from the market and having the following composition, was cut with metal shears so that the longest side was 5 mm or less, and then powdered. The RPF powder may be referred to as "P1" below. [Composition] ・Polyethylene ... 28% by mass ・Polypropylene ... 28% by mass ・Polystyrene ... 15% by mass ・Polyethylene terephthalate ... 13% by mass ・Polyamide ... 2% by mass ・PVC ... 1% by mass ・PVDC ... 1% by mass ・Organic low molecular weight components ... 4% by mass ・Inorganic filler ... 2% by mass ・Acrylic resin, cellulose, and polyurethane ... 6% by mass in total (Total ... 100% by mass)

[0241] (Preparation Example 2) <Preparation of Waste Plastic Simulated Pellets (P2)> Waste plastic simulated pellets were prepared using the following composition and proportions. Of the raw materials listed below, all raw materials except cellulose were selected from waste plastics and impurities. The prepared waste plastic simulated pellets may be referred to as "P2" below. [Composition and proportions] ・Polyethylene ... 27% by mass ・Polypropylene ... 27% by mass ・Polystyrene ... 19% by mass ・Polyethylene terephthalate ... 14% by mass ・Polyvinyl chloride ... 2% by mass ・Cellulose ... 5% by mass (Cellulose powder, manufactured by MP Biomedicals, LLC) ・Metallic aluminum ... 2% by mass ・Calcium carbonate ... 2% by mass ・Polyamide ... 2% by mass (Total ... 100% by mass)

[0242] (Preparation Example 2) <Preparation of Mixed Plastic> As the mixed plastic, a mixture was used that was thoroughly mixed with a spatula with the following composition and proportions.

[0243] • Polyethylene ... 31% by mass (HDPE, Hyzex® 1300J, manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.) • Polypropylene ... 31% by mass (Prime Polypro® J108M, manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.) • Polystyrene ... 20% by mass (PSJ-Polystyrene® SGP10, manufactured by PS Japan Co., Ltd.) • Polyethylene terephthalate ... 15% by mass (PET, NEH-2070, manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) • Polyvinyl chloride ... 3% by mass (PVC, SI1216-N1, manufactured by Sun Arrow Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Total ... 100% by mass)

[0244] (Example 1) <Preparation of the apparatus> The manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in Figures 4, 5A, and 5B was prepared. Specifically, a drain plate was placed in a cylindrical quartz tube with an inner diameter of 15 mm and a height of 550 mm, quartz wool was laid down and a stopper 10 was placed thereafter, silica gel particles as filler (product name: CARiACT Q-10, particle size: 1.18 mm to 2.36 mm, manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd.) were added so that the filler height H was 6.0 × 10 －５The silica gel particles were filled to a depth of m, forming a fixed-bed reaction section 1 with a filler layer 2. 5 g of silica gel particles were used. A quartz tube was set in a cylindrical electric furnace (product name: ARF-30MC, manufactured by Asahi Rika Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) installed vertically. The electric furnace is an external heating section 5. A manual powder feeding device (airless feed cock, manufactured by Asahi Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) as the raw material input section 3b of the raw material supply section 3 and a gas inlet as the inert gas supply section 4 were connected to the top (inlet) of the quartz tube. One end of a gas extraction pipe (silicone tube) as the extraction section 8a for extracting the chemical product R was connected to the bottom of the quartz tube. The other end of the extraction section 8a was connected to a Teflon three-way cock 12, with one end of the three-way cock connected to the exhaust section 13 and the other end connected to the extraction section 8b (silicone tube). The other end of the outlet section 8b was connected to the inlet side of a cooling trap 9a containing 15 mL of o-dichlorobenzene (reagent grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) as the organic solvent 9c. The cooling trap 9a was placed inside the cooling section 9b containing ice water as the refrigerant 9d. One end of the outlet section 8c (silicone tube) was connected to the outlet side of the cooling trap 9a, and the other end of the outlet section 8c was connected to the end of a mist trap 14 filled with quartz wool. One end of the outlet section 8d (silicone tube) was connected to the other end of the mist trap 14, and the other end of the outlet section 8d was connected to the inlet side of a hydrogen chloride trap 15a filled with 15 mL of a 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (prepared by diluting sodium hydroxide manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Co., Ltd. with pure water) as the chemical agent 15b. One end of another outlet 8e (silicone tube) was connected to the outlet side of the hydrogen chloride trap 15a, and the other end of the outlet 8e was connected to one gas bag (volume 10 L) which served as the recovery unit 7. A thermocouple was inserted into the center of the filler layer 2 filled in the quartz tube.

[0245] <Heating S1> The three-way stopcock 12 was set so that the fixed bed reaction section 1 and the exhaust section 13 were connected, and nitrogen gas was blown in from the gas inlet, which serves as the inert gas supply section 4, at a flow rate of 1,200 mL / min, setting the temperature of the fixed bed reaction section 1 to 800°C and starting the heating process.

[0246] <Thermal decomposition S2 and recovery of chemicals S12> After the temperature inside the fixed-bed reaction section 1 reached the set temperature of 800°C and stabilized, the three-way stopcock 12 was connected to the lower part of the fixed-bed reaction section 1 and the outlet section 8a, and the recovery of the chemical product R as a product was started using the cooling trap 9a and the gas bag as the recovery section 7. Immediately after the start of the recovery of chemical product R, P1 prepared in Preparation Example 1 as the raw material M containing plastic was supplied into the fixed-bed reaction section 1 from the manual powder input device as the raw material input section 3b over a period of 3 minutes under a nitrogen gas flow rate of 1,200 mL / min. A total of 0.4 g of P1 was supplied. The gas space velocity (GHSV) of the nitrogen gas at this time was 6,792 h －１ That was the case.

[0247] Even after the supply of P1 was terminated, the recovery of chemical product R as a product was continued. Two minutes after the termination of the raw material supply, the three-way stopcock 12 was connected to the fixed-bed reaction section 1 and the exhaust section 13, and the gas bag was disconnected from the manufacturing apparatus 100. The cooling trap 9a was left to stand until it reached room temperature (25°C ± 5°C) before being disconnected from the manufacturing apparatus 100. The liquid component of chemical product R was recovered in the cooling trap 9a and the mist trap 14. The gaseous component of chemical product R was recovered in the gas bag. The carbides deposited on the filler layer 2 were also visually observed.

[0248] (Example 2 and Comparative Example 1) The raw material was decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the decomposition conditions were changed to the decomposition conditions shown in Table 1, and the liquid and gaseous components as chemical product R were recovered. In addition, the carbides deposited in the filler layer 2 were visually observed by one expert evaluator.

[0249] (Example 3) In Example 3, the raw material was decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the number of gas bags and the decomposition conditions were changed to those shown in Table 1, and the liquid and gaseous components as chemical product R were recovered. The char deposited on the filler layer 2 was also visually observed. When using multiple gas bags, a three-way stopcock was provided in the middle of the extraction section 8e to collect the gas while switching between the gas bags being recovered as needed.

[0250] (Examples 4 and 5) In Example 1, the raw materials were decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the types and total supply amounts of raw materials, the number of gas bags, and the decomposition conditions were changed to those shown in Table 1. The liquid and gaseous components as chemical product R were recovered. In addition, one expert evaluator visually observed the char material deposited in the filler layer 2. When using multiple gas bags, a three-way stopcock was provided in the middle of the extraction section 8e to collect gas while switching between the gas bags being recovered as needed.

[0251] (Example 6 and Comparative Example 2) The raw materials were decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the types and total supply amounts of raw materials, the number of gas bags, and the decomposition conditions were changed to those shown in Table 2, and the liquid and gaseous components as chemical product R were recovered. In addition, the char deposited in the filler layer 2 was visually observed by one expert evaluator.

[0252] (Examples 7 and 8) In Example 6, the type of filler was changed from silica gel particles to silica sand No. 5 (product name: Ube Silica Sand No. 5, particle size: 1.7 mm to 0.2 mm, specific surface area: 1.4 m²). ２ / g, pore volume: 0.0036 cm³ ３ Except for changing the raw material to ( / g, manufactured by Ube Sand Co., Ltd.) and changing the raw material supply amount and decomposition conditions to those shown in Table 2, the raw material was decomposed in the same manner as in Example 6, and the liquid and gaseous components as chemical product R were recovered. In addition, the char deposited in filler layer 2 was visually observed by one expert evaluator.

[0253] <<Analysis of granular media>> The specific surface area of ​​silica sand No. 5 was measured in accordance with ISO 9277:2010 using a specific surface area analyzer (BELSORP® MAX II, manufactured by Microtrac-Bell Co., Ltd.) at liquid nitrogen temperature, with nitrogen molecules as the probe.

[0254] Furthermore, the pore volume of silica sand No. 5 was measured in accordance with ISO 15901-2:2006 and analyzed using the BET method.

[0255] The particle size of silica sand No. 5 is the value disclosed by the manufacturer.

[0256] <<Analysis of Gas Bag Contents>> In Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the yield (mass %) of useful components and by-products in the pyrolysis gas recovered in the gas bag relative to the mass of the raw material containing the added plastic was determined by the following method.

[0257] In the gas bag, cyclopentane (>98.0%, density 0.75 g / cm³) was used as an internal standard substance. ３ 40 μL of (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added. The gas bag was heated to approximately 40°C to completely vaporize the contents, and then the contents were mixed by gently kneading the gas bag. The obtained contents were used as an analytical sample and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) under the following GC analysis conditions. The ratio of the peak area of ​​cyclopentane to the peak area of ​​each component was used to determine the proportion of each component (Cmol%) relative to carbon atoms in the pyrolysis gas of each component in the gas bag. The mass of the pyrolysis gas in the gas bag was calculated from this value and the amount of cyclopentane (40 μL) added to the gas bag, and the yield (mass%) relative to the mass of the raw material added was determined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. [GC Analysis Conditions] ・Instrument: Nexus GC-2030 (Shimadzu Corporation) ・Column: Rt-Alumina BOND (Diameter: 0.32 mm, Length: 30 m, Restek) ・Carrier gas type: Ar ・Carrier gas flow rate: 360 mL / min ・Injection temperature: 200°C ・Sample injection volume: 1 mL ・Split ratio: 1 / 200 ・Column temperature: Held at 120°C for 9 minutes, then increased to 200°C at 10°C / min, and held at 200°C for 30 minutes.

[0258] • Detector: Flame ionization detector (FID) • Detector temperature: 200°C

[0259] <<Analysis of contents of cooling trap and mist trap>> In Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the yield (mass %) of useful components and by-products in the pyrolysis components recovered in the cooling trap 9a and mist trap 14 relative to the mass of the raw material containing the added plastic was determined by the following method.

[0260] The contents of the cooling trap 9a and mist trap 14 were transferred to a sample vial. Two mL of o-dichlorobenzene (reagent grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to each of the nearly empty cooling trap 9a and mist trap 14 to dissolve the remaining contents, which were then transferred to the sample vial. This process was repeated three times to wash the cooling trap 9a and mist trap 14. Approximately 0.3 g of cyclopentane (>98.0%, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was weighed and added to the sample vial as an internal standard to prepare the analytical sample, which was then analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) under the following GC analysis conditions. The ratio of the peak area of ​​cyclopentane to the peak area of ​​each component was used to determine the carbon-based percentage (Cmol%) of each component in the pyrolysis components in the cooling trap 9a and mist trap 14. The mass of each component in the pyrolysis components in the trap was calculated from this value and the amount of cyclopentane (0.3 g) added to the sample vial, and the yield (mass%) relative to the raw material M was determined. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. [GC Analysis Conditions] • Instrument: Nexus GC-2030 (Shimadzu Corporation) • Column: DB-1 (Diameter: 0.25 mm, Length: 30 m, Agilent Technology) • Carrier Gas Type: He • Carrier Gas Flow Rate: 97 mL / min • Injection Temperature: 350°C • Sample Injection Volume: 1 μL • Split Ratio: 1 / 50 • Column Temperature: Temperature increase program set in the following order: 35°C (10 mins) → Increase (5°C / min) → 350°C (10 mins) • Detector: Flame Ionization Detector (FID) • Detector Temperature: 350°C

[0261] Furthermore, in Tables 1 and 2, "total yield of useful components" refers to the ratio of the mass of carbon-2 to carbon-5 olefins and useful aromatic hydrocarbons in the product to the mass of the raw materials. "Useful components" refers to carbon-2 olefins (ethylene), carbon-3 olefins (propylene), carbon-4 olefins (trans-2-butene, 1-butene, isobutene, cis-2-butene, and butadiene), carbon-5 olefins (trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl-2-butene, 1-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, cis-2-pentene, cyclopentadiene, and isoprene), and useful aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), and styrene).

[0262] Furthermore, in Tables 1 and 2, the gas space velocity (GHSV) was calculated based on the following formula 1. [Formula 1] GHSV = Q / V However, in formula 1, GHSV is the gas space velocity (h) of the inert gas in the filler layer. －１ ) indicates, where Q is the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³). ３ / h) is shown, where V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m ３ ) indicates.

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] From a comparison between Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1, or between Examples 6-8 and Comparative Example 2, it was found that in thermal decomposition S2, the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas was 5,000 h －１ As a result of the above, it was found that the O / P ratio for gases with 2 to 5 carbon atoms improves. Furthermore, in supply S12, the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas is set to 5,000 h －１ As a result of the above, the yield of at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons was also improved.

[0266] As described above, this disclosure has been explained based on specific embodiments and examples, but these embodiments and examples are merely presented as examples, and this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and examples. The above embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various combinations, omissions, substitutions, additions, modifications, etc., are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims of the invention and its equivalents.

[0267] This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-226819, filed on 23 December 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference to the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-226819.

[0268] 1...Fixed bed reaction section 2...Filler layer 3...Raw material supply section 3a...Raw material distribution section 3b...Raw material input section 4...Inert gas supply section 4a...Inert gas distribution section 4b...Pump 5...Heating section 6...Control section 7...Recovery section 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e...Removal section 9...Cooling section 9a...Trap 9b...Insulation section 9c...Organic solvent 9d...Refrigerant 10...Stopper 11...Storage section 12...Three-way cock 13...Exhaust section 14...Mist trap 14 15a...Hydrogen chloride trap 15b...Chemicals 61...Input / Output section 61a...Filler layer volume input / output section 61b...Gas space velocity (GHSV) input / output section 61c...Target temperature T input / output section 62...Calculation section 63...Controller 63a...Inert gas supply amount controller 63b...Heating temperature control controller 64...CPU 65...Memory 66...Display unit 67...Communication unit 68...Storage unit 68a...Processing recipe data 100...Manufacturing device

Claims

1. Heating a fixed-bed reaction section having a filler layer filled with filler, and thermally decomposing a raw material containing plastic in the fixed-bed reaction section in the presence of an inert gas, wherein the thermal decomposition is performed when the gas space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer, as determined by the following formula 1, is 5,000 h －１ A method for producing a chemical product characterized by the above: [Formula 1] GHSV = Q / V where, in Formula 1, GHSV is the gas space velocity (h) of the inert gas in the filler layer. －１ ) indicates, where Q is the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm³). ３ / h) is shown, where V is the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m ３ ) indicates.

2. The method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 600°C or higher and 1,200°C or lower.

3. A method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the raw material containing the plastic includes waste plastic.

4. A method for producing a chemical product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the raw material containing the plastic contains 50% by mass or more of polyolefin.

5. A method for producing a chemical product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filler layer comprises a filler mainly composed of one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forstenite, and cordierite.

6. A method for producing a chemical product according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the chemical product comprises at least one chemical product selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons.

7. A fixed bed reaction section having a filler layer filled with a filler, a raw material supply section connected to the fixed bed reaction section for supplying a raw material containing plastic into the fixed bed reaction section, an inert gas supply section connected to the fixed bed reaction section for supplying an inert gas into the fixed bed reaction section, a heating section for heating the fixed bed reaction section, and a control section for controlling the supply amount of the inert gas by the inert gas supply section. The control section includes: ３ an input / output section that performs input / output of any numerical value of 5,000 h or more with respect to the volume V (m －１ 3) of the filler layer and the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of the inert gas in the filler layer; and a calculation section that calculates the flow rate Q (Nm ３ 3 / h) of the inert gas supplied to the fixed bed reaction section from the input value of the volume V (m ３ 3) of the filler layer and the input value of the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) by the following formula 2. A chemical production apparatus characterized by comprising: [Formula 2] Q = GHSV × V However, in Formula 2, Q represents the flow rate of the inert gas (Nm ３ 3 / h), GHSV represents the gas hourly space velocity (h －１ -1) of the inert gas in the filler layer, and V represents the volume of the filler in the filler layer (m ３ 3).

8. The chemical manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the input / output unit inputs a target temperature T of 600°C or more and 1,200°C or less, and the control unit includes a heating temperature control controller that controls the heating temperature of the heating unit to become the target temperature T based on the input value of the target temperature T from the input / output unit.

9. The apparatus for producing chemical products according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the filler layer comprises a filler mainly composed of one selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide, calcia-stabilized zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, beryllium oxide, lanthanum oxide, manganese(II) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, gallium oxide, forstenite, and cordierite.

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