Human eye simulation camera

Abstract

The present application provides a human eye simulation camera, comprising a corneal lens, a simulated iris, and a photosensitive element which are sequentially arranged along a photosensitive path, and a filter medium for infrared cut-off is provided on the photosensitive path between the surface of the corneal lens facing away from the simulated iris and the photosensitive element. In this way, the human eye simulation camera provided by the present application, by providing the filter medium, can eliminate unnecessary infrared light reflection, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of an eye movement algorithm.

Description

Human eye simulation camera

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on January 2, 2025, with application number 202520003874.6 and entitled “Human Eye Simulation Camera”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of camera technology, and more particularly to human eye simulation cameras. Background Technology

[0003] Human eye simulators are designed to replicate or simulate the functions and characteristics of the human eye, capturing and analyzing eye movements and related visual information for various applications such as research, education, product development, and testing. This integrated design allows the human eye simulator to work with a control system to directly capture its own eye movements, enabling eye-tracking testing and evaluation on virtual reality devices.

[0004] Human eye simulation cameras typically incorporate simulated eye structures, including the cornea, lens, iris, and retina, to accurately mimic their functions. They also feature a lens system; simulating the optical characteristics of the human eye requires precise lens design to replicate the eye's focusing ability and field of vision.

[0005] Human eye simulation cameras are designed to replicate or simulate the functions and characteristics of the human eye. Therefore, human eye simulation cameras can replace manual visual inspection and are suitable for industrial scenarios, scientific research scenarios, and extreme inspection environments, such as inspecting equipment with eye-tracking functions and inspecting hazardous environments.

[0006] When a human eye simulation camera is used to test devices with eye-tracking capabilities, the eye-tracking device under test typically emits infrared light towards a simulated eye using an infrared emitter. A portion of this infrared light is reflected from the surface of a corneal lens. The eye-tracking device uses sensors to receive this reflected infrared light, and the eye-tracking algorithm then determines the gaze point information of the human eye simulation camera based on the infrared reflection information collected by the sensors. During this process, another portion of the infrared light passes through the corneal lens, enters the simulated eye through the simulated pupil, and is received by the photosensitive element. This portion of infrared light affects the image quality of the human eye simulation camera for visible light. Simultaneously, this portion of infrared light entering the simulated eye also reflects off the surfaces of the simulated iris and pupil. If it is reflected outside the human eye simulation camera and received by the aforementioned sensors, it creates stray light. This stray light also affects the image quality of the infrared light captured by the sensors, impacting the accuracy of the eye-tracking algorithm and consequently affecting the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking device under test.

[0007] When the device under test can be used to emit other indicator lights such as ultraviolet light, the performance of the device under test can also be tested by simulating a camera with the human eye.

[0008] In addition, human eye simulation cameras can also be used to detect signal light in the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This application provides a human eye simulation camera, which can solve at least one of the following problems:

[0010] The effect of infrared light on the visible light imaging quality of a human eye-simulated camera;

[0011] The impact of stray light formed by the reflection of infrared light from inside the human eye simulation camera to the outside of the human eye simulation camera on the recognition accuracy of eye-tracking devices;

[0012] Detection of signal light, such as infrared light or ultraviolet light, in the device under test or the environment under test.

[0013] This application provides a human eye simulation camera, including a corneal lens, a simulated iris, and a photosensitive element arranged sequentially along a light-sensing path. Furthermore, a filter medium for infrared cutoff is provided on the light-sensing path between the corneal lens and the photosensitive element on the side facing away from the simulated iris.

[0014] The human eye simulation camera provided in this application includes a corneal lens, a simulated iris, and a photosensitive element arranged sequentially along the light-sensing path. Furthermore, a filter medium for infrared cutoff is provided between the surface of the corneal lens facing away from the simulated iris and the photosensitive element. This filter medium reduces stray light caused by infrared light reflection from within the human eye simulation camera, reducing the impact of infrared stray light on the accuracy of the eye-tracking algorithm, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking algorithm. It also reduces the impact of infrared light from within the human eye simulation camera on the image quality of visible light on the photosensitive element. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first human eye simulation camera provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of human eye simulation camera provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a human eye simulation camera in fixed-focus mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the sixth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the eighth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the ninth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the tenth type of human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eleventh human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Human eye simulation camera; 200-Corneal lens; 210-Convex surface; 220-Second plane; 300-Simulated iris; 310-Simulated pupil; 311-Central aperture; 320-First infrared anti-reflection coating; 330-Second infrared anti-reflection coating; 400-Optical element; 410-Camera module; 411-Photosensitive element; 420-Negative lens; 421-First plane; 500-Filter medium; 510-Absorption filter; 520-Adhesive layer; 530-Infrared filter; 540-Absorption-type infrared cut-off coating; 600-First reflective filter; 610-First sensor; 700-Second reflective filter; 710-Second sensor; 800-Privacy protection layer; 900-Polarizer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] As described in the background section, when a human eye simulation camera is used to test devices with eye-tracking capabilities, the eye-tracking device under test typically emits infrared light towards a simulated eye using an infrared emitter. A portion of this infrared light is reflected from the surface of a corneal lens. The eye-tracking device then uses a sensor to receive the reflected infrared light from the corneal lens surface. The eye-tracking algorithm then determines the gaze point information of the human eye simulation camera based on the infrared reflection information collected by the sensor. During this process, another portion of the infrared light passes through the corneal lens, enters the simulated eye through the simulated pupil, and is received by the photosensitive element. This portion of infrared light affects the image quality of the human eye simulation camera for visible light. Simultaneously, this portion of infrared light entering the simulated eye also reflects off the surfaces of the simulated iris and pupil. If it is reflected out of the human eye simulation camera and received by the aforementioned sensor, it forms stray light. This stray light also affects the image quality of the infrared light received by the aforementioned sensor, impacting the accuracy of the eye-tracking algorithm and consequently affecting the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking device under test.

[0030] Furthermore, the human eye simulation camera can also be used to detect signal light such as infrared and ultraviolet light in industrial, scientific research, and extreme detection environments.

[0031] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a human eye simulation camera, which can solve at least one of the following problems: the influence of infrared light on the visible light imaging quality of the human eye simulation camera; the influence of stray light formed by the reflection of infrared light inside the human eye simulation camera to the outside of the human eye simulation camera on the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking device; and the detection of signal light such as infrared light and ultraviolet light in the device under test or the environment under test.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] This application provides a human eye simulation camera. The human eye simulation camera includes a corneal lens, a simulated iris, and a photosensitive element arranged sequentially along a light-sensing path. A filter medium for infrared cutoff is provided between the surface of the corneal lens facing away from the simulated iris and the photosensitive element. This filter medium reduces stray light caused by infrared light reflection from within the human eye simulation camera, reducing the impact of infrared stray light on the accuracy of eye-tracking algorithms, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of eye-tracking algorithms. It also reduces the impact of infrared light from within the human eye simulation camera on the image quality of visible light on the photosensitive element.

[0034] The specific structure of the human eye simulation camera provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Referring to Figures 1 and 5, this application embodiment provides a human eye simulation camera 100. The human eye simulation camera 100 may include a corneal lens 200, a simulated iris 300, and a photosensitive element 411. The corneal lens 200, simulated iris 300, and photosensitive element 411 may be arranged sequentially along a light-sensing path. An infrared cutoff filter medium 500 is provided on the light-sensing path between the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411. This means that the filter medium 500 is located on the light-sensing path and can be disposed at any position on the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411. For example, it can be disposed on the surface of the corneal lens 200 adjacent to the simulated iris 300, between the corneal lens 200 and the simulated iris 300, or between the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411.

[0036] As shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6, the simulated iris 300 has a circular structure with a central hole 311. It is understood that infrared light emitted by the eye-tracking device can pass through the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 and enter the interior of the human eye simulation camera 100. The filter medium 500 is used to block infrared light, reducing the amount of infrared light entering the photosensitive element 411, thereby reducing the imaging quality of visible light on the photosensitive element 411 of the human eye simulation camera 100.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the corneal lens 200 can be a positive lens. For example, the corneal lens 200 can be a convex lens, and the outward-facing side of the corneal lens 200 is a convex surface 210. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the simulated iris 300 can be located on the side of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the convex surface 210, while the photosensitive element 411 can be located on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200. Thus, light entering the human eye simulation camera 100 first passes through the corneal lens 200, then through the central aperture 311 of the simulated iris 300, and finally through the filter medium 500 to be imaged onto the photosensitive element 411.

[0038] It is understood that the filter medium 500 can exist in the form of a filter coating / plating or in the form of a filter. This application does not impose any limitations on the embodiments described herein.

[0039] As the first form of the filter medium 500, the filter medium 500 is a filter coating / plating.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, a filter coating / plating is integrated on the side surface of the simulated iris 300 facing the photosensitive element 411.

[0041] In some other embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG3, when the filter medium 500 is an absorption-type infrared cutoff coating 540, the filter medium 500 is disposed on the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300. Furthermore, the filter medium 500 is exposed through the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300. This means that the simulated iris 300 does not obstruct the filter medium 500.

[0042] It is understood that the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310 is coated with an absorptive infrared cutoff coating 540 at least in the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300. The absorptive infrared cutoff coating 540 can be coated on the entire surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300, or it can be coated only in the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 on the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300.

[0043] Designing the filter medium 500 as a coating / plating directly integrated on the surface of the optical element eliminates the need for a separate infrared filter element in the light-sensing path. This simplifies the structure of the human eye simulation camera 100, facilitates its miniaturization, and reduces the assembly steps.

[0044] As a second form of the filter medium 500, the filter medium 500 is a filter 530.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the filter medium 500 may be an absorption filter 510.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in Figures 1, 4, and 5, when the filter medium 500 is an absorptive filter 510, the absorptive filter 510 can be disposed on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200. This means that the absorptive filter 510 is located between the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411 in the photosensitive path, enabling the absorptive filter 510 to absorb infrared light before it enters the photosensitive element 411. The absorptive filter 510 has an absorptive function for infrared light, thereby absorbing the infrared light incident on the absorptive filter 510, thus eliminating unnecessary infrared light reflection and improving the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking algorithm.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments of this application, the absorbing filter 510 is bonded to the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200, thereby assembling the absorbing filter 510 and the simulated iris 300 together. The embodiments of this application do not limit the bonding method between the absorbing filter 510 and the simulated iris 300. It is possible that the absorbing filter 510 is bonded to the surface of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200, that is, the absorbing filter 510 and the surface of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200 are directly bonded (see Figure 5). Alternatively, the absorbing filter 510 can be indirectly bonded to the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200 through other components (see Figures 1 and 4).

[0048] Referring to Figures 1 and 5, based on the above embodiments, an adhesive layer 520 may be provided between the simulated iris 300 and the filter medium 500 to fill the gap between the simulated iris 300 and the absorption filter 510, thereby avoiding the gap between the annular part of the simulated iris 300 and the filter medium 500.

[0049] The simulated iris 300 has a simulated pupil 310 at its center. The simulated pupil 310 is formed of a gel (typically a curable light-transmitting resin such as UV adhesive, polydimethylsiloxane PDMS, etc.), and it fills the center of the simulated iris 300 (i.e., the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300). Thus, the absorption filter 510 is located on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200, which is equivalent to the absorption filter 510 being located on the side of the simulated pupil 310 facing away from the corneal lens 200. In other words, the filter medium 500 is located on the light-sensitive path between the simulated pupil 310 and the photosensitive element 411. Through the design of the simulated pupil 310, the structure of the simulated iris 300 and the simulated pupil 310 more closely resembles the structure of the human eye, resulting in better biomimicry. More importantly, it avoids any gap between the simulated iris 300 and the absorption filter 510 at the central hole 311.

[0050] If a gap exists between the simulated iris 300 and the absorption filter 510, an air layer is formed between them. Since the air layer and the simulated pupil 310 have different refractive indices, infrared light will be reflected at the interface with the different refractive indices. This reflected light exits the simulated pupil 310 and is easily received by an external eye-tracking device, forming infrared stray light and affecting the accuracy of eye-tracking recognition. In the aforementioned embodiment, the air layer between the simulated iris 300 and the absorption filter 510 is eliminated through the adhesive layer 520 and the simulated pupil 310.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, at least one of the refractive index of the adhesive layer 520, the refractive index of the simulated pupil 310, and the refractive index of the absorbing filter 510 is close to the refractive index of the corneal lens 200. In one possible implementation, the deviation between at least one of the simulated pupil 310, the adhesive layer 520, and the absorbing filter 510 and the refractive index of the corneal lens 200 is less than 5% of the refractive index of the corneal lens 200. Further, the deviation between at least one of the simulated pupil 310, the adhesive layer 520, and the absorbing filter 510 and the refractive index of the corneal lens 200 may be less than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of the refractive index of the corneal lens 200.

[0052] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the adhesive layer 520 may be lower than that of the corneal lens 200, and the relative negative deviation between the refractive index of the adhesive layer 520 and that of the corneal lens 200 may be within 4%. For example, when the refractive index of the corneal lens 200 is 1.51, the refractive index of the adhesive layer 520 may be within the range of 1.45.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, the relationship between the reflectivity and refractive index of light at the interface between adjacent corneal lenses 200 and simulated pupils 310 can be expressed as follows:

[0054] Where n1 is the refractive index of the corneal lens 200, n2 is the refractive index of the simulated pupil 310, and R is the reflectivity. As shown in the formula above, when n1 and n2 are equal, the reflectivity is zero. This means that after light passes through the corneal lens 200, the refractive index of the next layer of optically transparent material it enters must be almost identical to the refractive index of the corneal lens 200. Thus, infrared light is refracted at the simulated pupil 310 after reaching it. Similarly, when infrared light passes through the interface between the simulated pupil 310 and the adhesive layer 520, and the interface between the adhesive layer 520 and the filter medium 500, if the refractive indices of the adhesive layer 520 and the simulated pupil 310 are the same, and the refractive indices of the filter medium 500 and the simulated pupil 310 are the same, the reflection of infrared light at the interface between the simulated pupil 310 and the adhesive layer 520, and the interface between the adhesive layer 520 and the filter medium 500 can be minimized. This allows the infrared light to pass through the adhesive layer 520 and reach the filter medium 500, where it is absorbed by the filter medium 500 (which is the absorption filter 510 at this time).

[0055] Based on this, it can be understood that the closer the refractive indices of two adjacent optical materials are, the less likely light is to be reflected at the interface between the two adjacent optical materials. Therefore, the closer the refractive indices of the adhesive layer 520, the simulated pupil 310, and the absorptive filter 510 are to the refractive index of the corneal lens 200, the less likely infrared light is to be reflected at the interface between the corneal lens 200 and the simulated pupil 310, and / or the interface between the simulated pupil 310 and the adhesive layer 520, and / or the interface between the adhesive layer 520 and the absorptive filter 510, thus reducing stray light formed by infrared reflection.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, the adhesive layer 520 can be made of solid glue (OCA glue), liquid glue (UV glue), or other glues with a refractive index similar to that of the simulated pupil 310, thereby reducing the amount of light reflected at the interface between the adhesive layer 520 and the simulated pupil 310 and forming stray light outside the human eye simulation camera.

[0057] In some other embodiments of this application, the refractive index of the adhesive layer 520 is the same as that of the simulated pupil 310, thereby preventing light from being reflected at the junction of the adhesive layer 520 and the simulated pupil 310 to the eye-tracking infrared camera and forming stray light.

[0058] It is understood that the simulated iris 300 is typically designed as a material with light-absorbing properties to mimic the human iris. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the effect of the refractive index of the simulated iris 300 on infrared reflection is not considered. Exemplarily, the simulated iris 300 is iris paper.

[0059] Referring again to Figure 1, based on the above embodiment, the adhesive layer 520 can be further described as black. The black adhesive layer 520 integrates both adhesive and privacy functions, thus providing both bonding and privacy protection. It is understood that since the absorbing filter 510 is typically made of blue glass, the blue light emitted by the absorbing filter 510 may pass through the simulated pupil 310. Therefore, a black adhesive layer 520 is placed between the simulated iris 300 and the absorbing filter 510.

[0060] Of course, in other embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, an adhesive layer 520 and a privacy layer 800 may be present between the simulated iris 300 and the filter medium 500, and the adhesive layer 520 and the privacy layer 800 may be separate structures. The privacy layer 800 may be located on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200, while the adhesive layer 520 may be located between the privacy layer 800 and the absorptive filter 510. That is, the surfaces of the simulated iris 300 and the absorptive filter 510 facing away from the corneal lens 200 are sequentially bonded together by the privacy layer 800 and the adhesive layer 520. This means that in other embodiments, the absorptive filter 510 and the surfaces of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200 may also be indirectly bonded together through an intermediate element, such as the aforementioned privacy layer 800. The embodiments of this application are not limited herein.

[0061] Referring to Figure 5, based on the above embodiments, the human eye simulation camera 100 may further include a lens disposed along the light-sensitive path between the filter medium 500 and the photosensitive element 411. The number of lenses may be at least two, and this embodiment does not limit the number. In this embodiment, the filter medium 500 may be an absorptive filter 510, and the lens closest to the absorptive filter 510 may be a negative lens 420. A camera module 410 may be disposed on the side of the absorptive filter 510 facing the photosensitive element 411, and the camera module 410 may contain at least one lens. The negative lens 420 is disposed between the absorptive filter 510 and the camera module 410, thereby combining the camera module 410 and the negative lens 420. Thus, since the curvature setting of the corneal lens 200 is the same as that of the human eye, and the focusing capability of the camera module 410 is limited, it is easy to image at the end of the photosensitive element 411 closest to the corneal lens 200, resulting in blurry photos. Therefore, a negative lens 420 can be set on one side of the camera module 410 to compensate for the positive lens. Based on the combination of the corneal lens 200 and the negative lens 420, the light diverges outward after passing through the negative lens 420, and the effect is approximately parallel to a flat plate, so that the image is formed on the photosensitive element 411, thereby achieving the image correction effect.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, in one possible implementation, the negative lens 420 may be a concave mirror. Exemplarily, the concave mirror may be one or more of a single concave mirror and a double concave mirror. It is understood that, based on the combination of the corneal lens 200 and the negative lens 420, the approximate effective focal length is calculated as follows:

[0063] Where F is the focal length of the combined system of corneal lens 200 and negative lens 420, f1 is the focal length of corneal lens 200, f2 is the focal length of negative lens 420, d is the gap between corneal lens 200 and negative lens 420, and t1 is the thickness of corneal lens 200. F can be set as large as possible according to actual application requirements. For example, F = 1000mm to meet testing and analysis needs. Based on the above formula, the approximate effective focal length of the prescription lens can be estimated, thus allowing for the appropriate selection of the negative lens 420 in practical operation.

[0064] Referring again to Figure 5, based on the above embodiment, the negative lens 420 can be a plano-concave lens, and the side of the plano-concave lens facing the absorption filter 510 can be a first plane 421. In one possible implementation, the outward-facing side of the corneal lens 200 can be a convex surface 210, while the inward-facing side of the corneal lens 200 can be a second plane 220. The simulated iris 300 can be located on the side of the corneal lens 200 with the second plane 220, thus facilitating the application of the simulated iris 300. The absorption filter 510 faces the first plane 421 of the plano-concave lens, facilitating the application of the absorption filter 510. Specifically, the absorption filter 510 is attached to the first plane 421 of the plano-concave lens, thus facilitating the assembly of the absorption filter 510 and the plano-concave lens together.

[0065] In some other embodiments of this application, when the filter medium 500 is an absorptive filter 510, the absorptive filter 510 can be disposed on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200. That is, the absorptive filter 510 is located between the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411 in the photosensitive path, so that the absorptive filter 510 can be used to absorb infrared light before the light enters the photosensitive element 411. The simulated iris 300 has a circular structure with a central hole 311. The central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 may be provided with a simulated pupil 310 (see Figure 7), or it may not be provided with a simulated pupil 310 (see Figure 6). This embodiment does not limit this. The surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300 is coated with a first infrared antireflective coating 320, and the first infrared antireflective coating 320 is disposed at an interval from the absorptive filter 510 (see Figures 6-8).

[0066] It is understood that the first infrared anti-reflective coating 320 is coated on at least the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 on the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310. The first infrared anti-reflective coating 320 may be coated only on the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 on the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310, or it may be coated on all areas of the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310.

[0067] Since the reflection of infrared light from inside the human eye simulation camera 100 toward the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100 is usually upstream of the absorption filter 510 (including the side surface of the absorption filter 510 facing the corneal lens 200), in the above embodiment, by setting the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320, the transmittance of infrared light on the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300 is increased, so that more infrared light can enter the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 and be absorbed by the absorption filter 510. This can reduce the reflection of infrared light upstream of the absorption filter 510 toward the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100, thereby improving the stray light caused by the reflection of infrared light from inside the human eye simulation camera 100 toward the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100.

[0068] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments of this application, the first infrared antireflection coating 320 is disposed opposite to the absorption filter 510 through the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300. This means that the absorption filter 510 is adjacent to the simulated iris 300, and there is an air layer between the absorption filter 510 and the simulated iris 300 (see Figure 6).

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, in some other embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG8, an optical element 400 may be disposed on the photosensitive path between the first infrared antireflection coating 320 and the absorption filter 510.

[0070] Specifically, the human eye simulation camera 100 also includes at least one optical element 400, which is located on the light-sensitive path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 and the absorption filter 510, and all optical elements in the at least one optical element 400 have a second infrared anti-reflection coating 330 on both sides.

[0071] In this application, at least one optical element 400 may be one, two, or even more optical elements 400. The application does not limit the type of optical element 400; it may be a lens, a functional colloid, or a film, etc. It is understood that at least one optical element 400 also includes a simulated pupil 310. That is, when the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 is provided with a simulated pupil 310, both sides of the simulated pupil 310 also need to be coated with a second infrared anti-reflective coating 330 (see Figure 7).

[0072] By coating both sides of all optical elements 400 in at least one optical element 400 with a second infrared anti-reflection coating 330, infrared light can be enhanced at any surface when it propagates to any optical element 400 in at least one optical element 400 until it is blocked by the filter medium 500. This reduces the outward reflection of infrared light at the surface of any optical element 400 on the photosensitive path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 and the photosensitive element 411, reduces the reflection of infrared light inside the human eye simulation camera 100 to the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100 to form stray light, and reduces the impact of stray light on the accuracy of the eye tracking algorithm.

[0073] In another possible implementation, the filter medium 500 can be a reflective filter.

[0074] Referring to Figure 2, in some embodiments of this application, when the filter medium 500 is a reflective filter, the filter medium 500 can also be a first reflective filter 600. The first reflective filter 600 can be located on the side of the simulated iris 300 facing away from the corneal lens 200, and the first reflective filter 600 can be tilted relative to the photosensitive path. For example, the first reflective filter 600 can be set at 45°, but this embodiment of the application does not impose limitations. It is understood that the infrared light emitted by the external eye-tracking device can pass sequentially through the central hole 311 or simulated pupil 310 of the corneal lens 200 and the simulated iris 300, and then be reflected by the first reflective filter 600. This causes the infrared light to deviate from the photosensitive path, reducing the impact of infrared light on the imaging quality of visible light on the photosensitive element 411. It also reduces the amount of stray light formed by visible light reflecting off the human eye simulation camera 100, thereby reducing the impact on the accuracy of the eye-tracking device.

[0075] Referring again to Figure 2, based on the above embodiment, a first sensor 610 may be provided on one side of the first reflective filter 600. It is understood that the first sensor 610 may be located on the reflection path of the first reflective filter 600. In this way, the first sensor 610 can receive the infrared light reflected by the first reflective filter 600, enabling the first reflective filter 600 to reflect the infrared light to the first sensor 610 before it enters the photosensitive element 411, thereby realizing the detection of infrared light in the device under test or the environment under test.

[0076] Referring again to Figure 2, based on the above embodiment, the filter medium 500 may further include a second reflective filter 700, which is used to reflect ultraviolet light. The second reflective filter 700 may be located between the first reflective filter 600 and the photosensitive element 411 in the photosensitive path. The second reflective filter 700 may also be tilted relative to the photosensitive path. For example, the second reflective filter 700 may be positioned at 135°, but this embodiment is not limited thereto. It is understood that ultraviolet light emitted by the test environment or the device under test located outside the human eye simulation camera 100 can sequentially pass through the corneal lens 200, the central hole 311 or the simulated pupil 310 of the simulated iris 300, and the first reflective filter 600, and then be reflected by the second reflective filter 700, thereby causing the ultraviolet light to deviate from the photosensitive path.

[0077] Referring again to Figure 2, based on the above embodiment, a second sensor 710 may be provided on one side of the second reflective filter 700. It is understood that the second sensor 710 can be located on the reflection path of the second reflective filter 700. In this way, the second sensor 710 can receive the ultraviolet light reflected by the second reflective filter 700, allowing the second reflective filter 700 to reflect the ultraviolet light to the second sensor 710 before it enters the photosensitive element 411, thereby realizing the detection of ultraviolet light in the device under test or the environment under test. It is understood that the combined arrangement of the first reflective filter 600, the second reflective filter 700, and the first sensor 610 and the second sensor 710 enables the human eye simulation camera 100 to detect the intensity of infrared and ultraviolet radiation from the outside world.

[0078] It is understood that the first reflective filter 600 and the second reflective filter 700 are usually transparent films. Therefore, a black adhesive layer 520 can be provided between the simulated iris 300 and the first reflective filter 600, or a black adhesive layer 520 can be omitted. The choice can be made according to the actual situation inside the human eye simulation camera 100. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions here.

[0079] For example, both the first reflective filter 600 and the second reflective filter 700 are dichroic mirrors, thereby enabling the transmission of visible light while reflecting infrared or ultraviolet light.

[0080] The human eye simulation camera 100 can reflect infrared light at the center of the simulated iris 300 through a first reflective filter 600 and reflect ultraviolet light at the center of the simulated iris 300 through a second reflective filter 700. In one possible implementation, the end of the corneal lens 200 facing the first reflective filter 600 can be provided with an infrared anti-reflection film and / or an ultraviolet anti-reflection film, thereby increasing the transmission of infrared and / or ultraviolet light, facilitating the detection of infrared and / or ultraviolet radiation, and thus detecting infrared and / or ultraviolet light in the device under test or the environment under test. Furthermore, both the first sensor 610 and the second sensor 710 can be equipped with a condenser lens at their front ends to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0081] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when photographing a virtual reality device with eye-tracking functionality, an absorption filter (such as absorption filter 510) or a reflection filter (such as the first reflection filter 600) is required to achieve infrared cutoff. In other cases, such as when photographing devices without infrared cameras or other devices based on corneal reflection, a reflection filter (such as the second reflection filter 700) can be used to detect the ultraviolet light emitted by the device under test. The embodiments of this application are not limited herein.

[0082] In another possible implementation, the type of filter 530 is not limited. This means that filter 530 can be an absorptive filter, a reflective filter, a composite filter, etc.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 may be provided with a simulated pupil 310 (refer to Figure 12), or it may not be provided with a simulated pupil 310 (refer to Figures 9-11). This embodiment does not limit this.

[0084] As shown in Figure 9-12, the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300 is coated with a first infrared anti-reflection coating 320. The first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 is exposed through the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300, which means that the simulated iris 300 does not block the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320.

[0085] It is understood that the first infrared anti-reflective coating 320 is coated on at least the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 on the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310. The first infrared anti-reflective coating 320 may be coated only on the area corresponding to the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 on the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310, or it may be coated on all areas of the side surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated pupil 310.

[0086] As shown in Figure 10, the distance between the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300 and the filter 530 is 80% to 90% of the distance between the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300 and the photosensitive element 411. This means that the filter 530 is relatively far from the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300. At this time, the light passes sequentially through the corneal lens 200, the central aperture 311 of the simulated iris 300, and the filter 530, finally reaching the photosensitive element 411.

[0087] The distance between the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300 and the filter 530 can be controlled by setting a structural step / gasket between different optical elements / adhesive layer thickness between different optical elements inside the human eye simulation camera. The structural step can be integrally formed on the inner wall of the sphere (mentioned below), or a mounting bracket can be set inside the sphere with the structural step formed on it.

[0088] By setting the first infrared antireflection coating 320, the transmittance of infrared light on the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing the simulated iris 300 is increased, allowing more infrared light to enter the central aperture 311 of the simulated iris 300 and then propagate to the filter 530 for infrared cutoff. This not only reduces the amount of infrared light propagating to the photosensitive element 411 and affecting its imaging of visible light, but also, because the filter 530 is far from the surface of the corneal lens 200 facing away from the simulated iris 300, the infrared light located upstream of and adjacent to the filter 530 is cut off. The propagation path of light reflected from the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100 is relatively long. Due to factors such as energy attenuation and angle changes, the reflected infrared light is difficult to be reflected to the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100 and received by the sensor of the eye-tracking device, thus forming stray light. This can reduce the reflection of infrared light upstream of the filter 530 (including the side surface of the filter 530 facing the corneal lens 200) towards the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100, thereby improving the stray light caused by the reflection of infrared light inside the human eye simulation camera 100 towards the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100, and avoiding affecting the recognition accuracy of the eye-tracking device.

[0089] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments of this application, the first infrared antireflection coating 320 is disposed opposite to the filter 530 through the central hole of the simulated iris 300. This means that the filter 530 is adjacent to the simulated iris 300, and there is an air layer between the filter 530 and the simulated iris 300 (see Figure 9).

[0090] Referring to Figure 11, based on the above embodiments, in some other embodiments of this application, an optical element 400 may be disposed on the photosensitive path between the first infrared antireflection coating 320 and the filter 530.

[0091] Specifically, the human eye simulation camera 100 also includes at least one lens, which is located on the light-sensing path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 and the filter 530. By adding a lens inside the human eye simulation camera 100 and on the light-sensing path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 and the filter 530, the focal length of the human eye simulation camera 100 is adjusted, thereby improving the imaging quality of the human eye simulation camera 100.

[0092] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 11, all optical elements 400 in at least one optical element 400 have a second infrared anti-reflection coating 330 on both sides of their surfaces. This allows infrared light to be enhanced on any surface when it propagates to any optical element 400 in at least one optical element 400, until it is blocked by the filter 530. This reduces the outward reflection of infrared light on the surface of any optical element 400 in the photosensitive path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating 320 and the photosensitive element 411, and reduces the reflection of infrared light inside the human eye simulation camera 100 to the outside of the human eye simulation camera 100 to form stray light, thereby reducing the impact of stray light on the accuracy of the eye tracking algorithm.

[0093] In this application, at least one optical element 400 may be one, two, or even more optical elements 400. The application does not limit the type of optical element 400; it may be a lens, a functional colloid, or a film, etc. It is understood that at least one optical element 400 also includes a simulated pupil 310. That is, when the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300 is provided with a simulated pupil 310, both sides of the simulated pupil 310 also need to be coated with a second infrared anti-reflective coating 330 (see Figure 12).

[0094] Referring to Figure 11, based on the above embodiments, the human eye simulation camera 100 may further include an internally hollow sphere. In one possible implementation, at least one optical element 400, a filter 530, and a photosensitive element 411 may be integrated into the camera module 410. This means that the human eye simulation camera can be assembled directly by purchasing the camera module 410, reducing the assembly process. Regarding the case where the photosensitive element 411 is integrated into the camera module 410, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the human eye simulation camera 100 may further include the camera module 410, with the photosensitive element 411 constituting a part of the camera module 410. It is understood that the camera module 410 typically includes a lens assembly and a photosensitive element 411. At least one lens collectively constitutes a lens assembly.

[0095] Alternatively, the photosensitive element 411 can also be disposed independently on the sphere. In the case where the photosensitive element 411 is disposed independently on the sphere, it can be located on the inner surface of the sphere. It is understood that, based on contour-mimicking design, the photosensitive element 411 can be spherical (see Figure 10) to match the curvature of the human retina. Preferably, the curvature of the photosensitive element 411 is consistent with the curvature of the human retina. Alternatively, the photosensitive element 411 can also be planar (see Figure 9), and this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0096] In this application, the infrared antireflection coating / cutoff coating can be implemented using conventional multilayer dielectric film systems / absorption film systems in the art, and the thickness and material of the infrared antireflection coating / cutoff coating are determined by the transmittance / cutoff rate of the target wavelength band.

[0097] Referring again to Figure 1, in another possible embodiment of this application, a privacy layer 800 may be provided between the filter medium 500 and the simulated iris 300. The privacy layer 800 may be integrated into the side of the simulated iris 300 facing the photosensitive element 411.

[0098] Furthermore, in one possible implementation, the privacy layer 800 can be a black coating, so that the privacy layer 800 matches the color of the real human eye pupil.

[0099] Furthermore, in another possible implementation, the privacy layer 800 can be composed of a single-layer polarizer, making its color close to the pupil color. Alternatively, the privacy layer 800 can be composed of a double-layer polarizer, with the absorption axes of the two polarizers forming a certain angle with each other (see Figure 4). The range of the angle θ between the absorption axes of the two polarizers is 0° < θ < 90°. If the absorption axes of the two polarizers are parallel, i.e., the angle between the absorption axes of the two polarizers is 0°, the light transmittance is 100%. If the absorption axes of the two polarizers are perpendicular, i.e., the angle between the absorption axes of the two polarizers is 90°, the light transmittance is 0, and the privacy layer 800 is completely black. Alternatively, the privacy layer 800 can be composed of a one-way vision film, which has a certain heat insulation function. One side of the one-way vision film is usually black, and the black side faces outwards towards the human eye simulation camera 100. Alternatively, the privacy layer 800 can be composed of a 360° privacy film, typically black in appearance. Alternatively, the privacy layer 800 can be composed of two 180° privacy films, which can be arranged perpendicularly to each other. This application does not limit the form of the privacy layer 800.

[0100] As shown in Figure 1, in another possible implementation, the privacy layer 800 and the simulated pupil 310 can be made of the same material. The medium forming the simulated pupil 310 can be the same adhesive layer as the privacy layer 800, and this adhesive layer is black. In this way, during the assembly of the human eye simulation camera 100, the adhesive layer is injected through the central hole of the simulated iris 300. The adhesive layer first fills the central hole 311 of the simulated iris 300, and then covers the side of the simulated iris 300 facing the filter medium 500. After the adhesive cures, the privacy layer 800 and the simulated pupil 310 are integrally formed. It is understood that the refractive index of the privacy layer 800 should match the refractive index of the filling material of the simulated pupil 310. Thus, by selecting suitable materials, the simulated pupil 310 and the privacy layer 800 can be processed in one step, facilitating operation.

Claims

1. A human eye simulation camera, characterized in that, It includes a corneal lens, a simulated iris, and a photosensitive element arranged sequentially along the photosensitive path. Furthermore, a filter medium for infrared cutoff is provided on the photosensitive path between the corneal lens and the side of the simulated iris facing away from the photosensitive element.

2. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated iris has a simulated pupil at its center, and the filter medium is located on the light-sensitive path between the simulated pupil and the photosensitive element.

3. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The filtering medium is an absorption filter, which is disposed on the side of the simulated iris facing away from the corneal lens.

4. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 3, characterized in that, An adhesive layer is provided between the filter medium and the simulated iris, and the adhesive layer is black.

5. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulated iris has a simulated pupil at its center, and the deviation between at least one of the simulated pupil, the adhesive layer, and the absorptive filter and the refractive index of the corneal lens is less than 5% of the refractive index of the corneal lens.

6. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 3, characterized in that, An adhesive layer is provided between the simulated iris and the filter medium, and the refractive index of the adhesive layer is the same as that of the simulated pupil.

7. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes at least two lenses disposed between the filter medium and the photosensitive element along the photosensitive path, and the lens closest to the absorption filter is a plano-concave lens, with the plane of the plano-concave lens facing the absorption filter.

8. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 3, characterized in that, The simulated iris has a circular structure with a central hole. The surface of the corneal lens facing the simulated iris is coated with a first infrared anti-reflective coating, which is spaced apart from the filter medium.

9. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 8, characterized in that, The human eye simulation camera further includes at least one optical element located on the photosensitive path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating and the filter medium, and all optical elements in the at least one optical element have a second infrared anti-reflection coating on both sides.

10. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The filtering medium is a first reflective filter that is tilted relative to the photosensitive path, and the first reflective filter is used to reflect infrared light; The human eye simulation camera further includes a first sensor disposed on the reflection path of the first reflective filter.

11. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 10, characterized in that, Also includes: A second reflective filter is located between the first reflective filter and the photosensitive element on the photosensitive path, and the second reflective filter is inclined relative to the photosensitive path. The second reflective filter is used to reflect ultraviolet light. The human eye simulation camera further includes a second sensor disposed on the reflection path of the second reflective filter.

12. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated iris has a circular structure with a central hole, and the surface of the corneal lens facing the simulated iris is coated with a first infrared anti-reflective coating, which is exposed through the central hole of the simulated iris. The filtering medium is a filter, and the distance between the surface of the corneal lens facing away from the simulated iris and the filtering medium is 80% to 90% of the distance between the surface of the corneal lens facing away from the simulated iris and the photosensitive element.

13. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 12, characterized in that, The human eye simulation camera further includes at least one optical element located on the photosensitive path between the first infrared anti-reflection coating and the filter medium, and all optical elements in the at least one optical element have a second infrared anti-reflection coating on both sides.

14. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A privacy layer is provided between the filter medium and the simulated iris.

15. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 14, characterized in that, The privacy layer is a single-layer or double-layer polarizer, and the absorption axis angle of the double-layer polarizer is 0 to 90°.

16. The human eye simulation camera according to claim 14, characterized in that, The privacy layer and the simulated pupil are made of the same material.

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