Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of communications, and provides an antenna and an electronic device. The antenna of the present disclosure comprises: a feed structure and a radiating structure. The radiating structure comprises a plurality of radiating elements, the feed structure being connected to the plurality of radiating elements, wherein the radiating elements are configured to convert a received electromagnetic wave from linear polarization to circular polarization.

Description

Antennas and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite internet, a key area supported by the national new infrastructure policy, has developed rapidly in recent years. Circularly polarized antenna arrays are crucial components in satellite communication systems, directly impacting the overall communication quality. Complex and cumbersome communication systems introduce additional losses and hinder mass production; therefore, simplifying antenna design is a vital means to reduce overall system complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an antenna and electronic device.

[0004] This disclosure provides an antenna comprising: a feeding structure and a radiating structure; the radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating elements, and the feeding structure is connected to the plurality of radiating elements; wherein...

[0005] The radiating element is configured to convert the received electromagnetic wave from linear polarization to circular polarization.

[0006] In some examples, the feeding structure includes a waveguide structure; the waveguide structure has multiple waveguide cavities; the waveguide cavities have waveguide radiation ports;

[0007] The radiating structure further includes a dielectric substrate, and the radiating unit includes a radiating patch located on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the waveguide structure, wherein one of the radiating patches and one of the waveguide radiating ports at least partially overlap the orthographic projection of the waveguide radiating port on the dielectric substrate.

[0008] In some examples, for the radiating patch and the waveguide radiating port whose orthographic projections on the dielectric substrate at least partially overlap, the geometric center of the radiating patch and the geometric center of the waveguide radiating port coincide in their orthographic projections on the dielectric substrate.

[0009] In some examples, the radial patch includes a first sub-patch and a second sub-patch arranged orthogonally; or, the outer contour of the radial patch is a polygon, and at least some of the diagonals of the polygon have different lengths.

[0010] In some examples, the waveguide radiating port includes a first opening, and a second opening and a third opening respectively connected to both ends of the first opening and communicating with the first opening; the extension directions of the second opening and the third opening are different from the extension direction of the first opening.

[0011] In some examples, the radiating structure further includes a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, and a reference electrode layer disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate opposite to the second dielectric substrate; the radiating unit includes a first radiating patch disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate opposite to the first dielectric substrate.

[0012] The power feeding structure includes multiple power feeding components, one of which is electrically connected to the first radiating patch through a via penetrating the reference electrode layer, the first dielectric substrate, and the second dielectric substrate.

[0013] In some examples, the radiating structure further includes a third dielectric substrate on the side where the first radiating patch is disposed opposite to the second dielectric substrate; the radiating unit further includes a second radiating patch disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate opposite to the first radiating patch, and the orthographic projections of the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch on the second dielectric substrate at least partially overlap.

[0014] In some examples, one of the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch in the radiating unit is a linearly polarized patch and the other is a circularly polarized patch;

[0015] The circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction.

[0016] The first slit opening includes a first sub-slit, and a second sub-slit and a third sub-slit connected to both ends of the first sub-slit and communicating with the first sub-slit; the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit both have different extension directions from the first sub-slit, and the lengths of the sub-slits and the third sub-slit are unequal.

[0017] In some examples, the first slit opening further includes a first connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the second sub-slit, and a second connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the third sub-slit;

[0018] The angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the first included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the second sub-slit is the second included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the third included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the third sub-slit is the fourth included angle.

[0019] The first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle, and the fourth included angle are all obtuse angles.

[0020] In some examples, the outer contour of the circularly polarized patch includes a circle or a regular polygon.

[0021] In some examples, the circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction;

[0022] The first slit opening includes a first sub-slit, and a second sub-slit and a third sub-slit connected to both ends of the first sub-slit and communicating with the first sub-slit; the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit both have different extension directions from the first sub-slit, and the lengths of the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit are equal;

[0023] The outer contour of the circularly polarized patch is a polygon, and at least some of the diagonals of the polygon are of different lengths.

[0024] In some examples, the first slit opening further includes a first connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the second sub-slit, and a second connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the third sub-slit;

[0025] The angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the first included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the second sub-slit is the second included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the third included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the third sub-slit is the fourth included angle.

[0026] The first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle, and the fourth included angle are all obtuse angles.

[0027] In some examples, the circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction; the first slit opening has an open-loop structure.

[0028] The outer contour of the circularly polarized patch has a first concave portion and a second concave portion disposed opposite to each other, as well as a first arc edge and a second arc edge; the first arc edge and the second arc edge are located on the same virtual circle.

[0029] In some examples, one of the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch in the radiating unit is a linearly polarized patch and the other is a circularly polarized patch;

[0030] The linearly polarized patch includes any of the following structures:

[0031] The linearly polarized patch is a U-shaped patch;

[0032] The linearly polarized patch is a planar patch with a polygonal outer contour;

[0033] The linearly polarized patch has a second slit opening that extends through its thickness direction; the second slit opening has a closed-loop structure; the outer contour of the linearly polarized patch has a third concave portion and a fourth concave portion that are disposed opposite to each other, as well as a third arc edge and a fourth arc edge; the third arc edge and the fourth arc edge are located on the same virtual circle.

[0034] In some examples, when the linearly polarized patch is a U-shaped patch, one of the inner and outer contours of the U-shaped patch is a polygon, and all included angles of the polygon are obtuse angles.

[0035] In some examples, the plurality of radiating elements includes a plurality of first radiating elements and a plurality of second radiating elements; the operating frequency bands of the first radiating elements are different from those of the second radiating elements.

[0036] In some examples, the first radiating element operates in the K-band, and the second radiating element operates in the Ka-band.

[0037] In some examples, the plurality of first radiating elements are divided into a plurality of first radiating groups arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein a plurality of first radiating elements in the first radiating groups are arranged side by side along a first direction; and the plurality of second radiating elements are divided into a plurality of second radiating groups arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein a plurality of second radiating elements in the second radiating groups are arranged side by side along the first direction.

[0038] The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are alternately arranged along the second direction.

[0039] In some examples, the first radiation elements in adjacent first radiation groups are staggered; the second radiation elements in adjacent second radiation groups are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; and one first radiation element is defined within the area defined by four second radiation elements arranged in an array.

[0040] This disclosure provides an electronic device that includes any of the antennas described above. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 is an exploded view of an antenna according to a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 2 is a front view of an antenna of a first example according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 3 is a top view of an antenna according to a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 4 is a top view of the waveguide structure of the first antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 5 is a top view of the radial structure of a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0046] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide radiation port of a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a radiation patch of a first example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a radiation patch according to a first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another radiation patch of a first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another type of radiating patch according to a first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 11 is a perspective view of an antenna according to a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 12 is an exploded view of an antenna according to a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 13 is a top view of the reference electrode layer side of an antenna according to a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 14 is a top view of the first radiating patch side of an antenna according to a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 15 is a top view of the second radiating patch side of an antenna according to a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 16 is a top view of a first radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the first slit opening in a second example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 18 is a top view of another first radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 19 is a top view of a first radiating patch, representing a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0060] Figure 20 is a top view of a first radiating patch, representing a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0061] Figure 21 is a top view of a first radiating patch, representing a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0062] Figure 22 is a top view of a first radiating patch, representing a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0063] Figure 23 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0064] Figure 24 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0065] Figure 25 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0066] Figure 26 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0067] Figure 27 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0068] Figure 28 is a top view of a second radiating patch in a second example of an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0071] This disclosure provides an antenna including a feeding structure and a radiating structure. The radiating structure includes multiple radiating elements, and the feeding structure is connected to each radiating element and configured to feed the radiating elements. The radiating elements are configured to convert linearly polarized electromagnetic waves fed by the feeding structure into circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. In this disclosure, by designing the radiating elements, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna can be adjusted.

[0072] The specific structure of the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to specific examples.

[0073] First Example: Figure 1 is an exploded view of the antenna of the first example of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a front view of the antenna of the first example of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a top view of the antenna of the first example of the present disclosure; Figure 4 is a top view of the waveguide structure of the first antenna of the present disclosure; Figure 5 is a top view of the radiating structure of the first example of the present disclosure; As shown in Figures 1-5, the antenna of this example includes a feeding structure 1 and a radiating structure 2. The feeding structure 1 adopts a waveguide structure 10. The radiating structure 2 includes a dielectric substrate 22 and a plurality of radiating elements 21 disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 22 opposite to the waveguide structure 10. The radiating elements 21 adopt radiating patches 211. The waveguide structure 10 has a plurality of waveguide cavities, for example, waveguide cavities are arranged one-to-one with radiating patches 211, for providing electromagnetic waves to the radiating patches 211. The waveguide cavities have waveguide radiating ports 101. For the corresponding waveguide cavity and radiating patch 211, the orthographic projection of the radiating patch 211 and the waveguide radiating port 101 of the waveguide cavity onto the dielectric substrate 22 is at least partially overlapped.

[0074] In this example, the waveguide structure 10 serves not only as the feed structure 1 but also as an element for electromagnetic wave radiation. Electromagnetic waves are input from the bottom of the waveguide cavity, propagate within the cavity, and are radiated at the waveguide radiation port 101. The electromagnetic waves radiated from the waveguide radiation port 101 are linearly polarized waves. The radiation structure 2 in this embodiment corresponds to a polarization loading surface. The linearly polarized waves radiated from the waveguide radiation port 101 are converted into circularly polarized waves via the corresponding radiation patch 211 and then radiated into free space.

[0075] In some examples, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide radiation port according to a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the waveguide radiation port 101 includes, but is not limited to, an H-shaped waveguide port, specifically including a first opening 101a, and a second opening 101b and a third opening 101c respectively connected to both ends of the first opening 101a and communicating with the first opening 101a. In this example, the extension direction of the first opening 101a is taken as the first direction X, and the extension directions of the second opening 101b and the third opening 101c are taken as the second direction Y. It should be noted that the so-called extension direction of a structure refers to the extension direction of its length.

[0076] Further, referring to FIG3, the radiating patch 211 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first slit opening 2121. FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the radiating patch 211 of the first example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG7, the radiating patch 211 includes, but is not limited to, a cross-shaped structure, that is, the radiating patch 211 includes a first sub-pattern 211 and a second sub-pattern 212 arranged orthogonally. The extension direction of the first sub-pattern 211 of the radiating patch 211 is set at an angle of 45° relative to the first direction X. At this time, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the radiating patch 211 is a left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a radiating patch 211 of the first example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG8, if the extension direction of the first sub-pattern 211 is set at an angle of -45° relative to the first direction X, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the radiating patch 211 is a right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0077] In some examples, the radial patch 211 is not limited to the aforementioned cross-shaped structure; the radial patch 211 can also be a planar structure. In this case, the outer contour of the radial patch 211 is a polygon, and at least some of the diagonals have different lengths. For example, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another radial patch 211 according to a first example of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 9, the outer contour of the radial patch 211 is hexagonal, specifically including a first side S1 and a second side S2 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, a third side S3 and a fourth side S4 arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, and a fifth side S5 and a sixth side S6 arranged opposite to each other. The fifth side S5 connects the first side S1 and the fourth side S4, and the sixth side S6 connects the second side S2 and the third side S3. The first side S1 and the second side S2 both extend along the second direction Y and have equal lengths, while the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 both extend along the first direction X and have equal lengths. The fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6 have equal lengths. The node connecting the first side S1 and the fifth side S5 is the first vertex P1. The node connecting the first side S1 and the third side S3 is the second vertex P2. The node connecting the third side S3 and the sixth side S6 is the third vertex P3. The node connecting the sixth side S6 and the second side S2 is the fourth vertex P4. The node connecting the second side S2 and the fourth side S4 is the fifth vertex P5. The node connecting the fourth side S4 and the fifth side S5 is the sixth vertex P6. The line connecting the first vertex P1 and the fourth vertex P4 is the first diagonal. The line connecting the third vertex P3 and the sixth vertex P6 is the second diagonal. The line connecting the second vertex P2 and the fifth vertex P5 is the third diagonal. The length of the third diagonal is greater than the length of the first diagonal, and the length of the first diagonal is equal to the length of the second diagonal. The first diagonal extends along the first direction X, the second diagonal extends along the second direction Y, and the extension direction of the third diagonal is set at a 45° angle relative to the first direction X. When the radiating patch 211 structure is adopted, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the radiating patch 211 is a left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. In another example, FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another radiating patch 211 of the first example of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG10, the radiating patch 211 can be modified so that the extension direction of the third diagonal is tilted at -45° relative to the first direction X. When the radiating patch 211 structure is adopted, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the radiating patch 211 is a right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0078] It should be noted that the above only provides a few exemplary structures of the radiating patch 211, but does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiments of this disclosure. Any form of radiating patch 211 that can convert linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves is within the protection scope of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0079] In some examples, continuing to refer to FIG3, the geometric centers of the correspondingly arranged radiating patch 211 and waveguide radiating port 101 coincide on the orthographic projection onto the dielectric substrate 22. In this example, the waveguide radiating port 101 adopts an H-shaped structure, and its geometric center is the center of the first opening. When the radiating patch 211 includes an orthogonally arranged first sub-pattern 2111 and a second sub-pattern 2112, and the center of the first sub-pattern 2111 and the center of the second sub-pattern 2112 coincide, the geometric center of the radiating patch 211 is the center of the first sub-pattern 2111 and the second sub-pattern 2112; when the radiating patch 211 adopts the polygonal structure of FIG10, the geometric center of the radiating patch 211 is the intersection of the diagonals. In the embodiments of this disclosure, by aligning the geometric centers of the correspondingly arranged radiating patch 211 and waveguide radiating port 101 on the orthographic projection onto the dielectric substrate 22, electromagnetic wave emissivity can be provided.

[0080] In some examples, Figure 11 is a perspective view of an antenna according to a first example of an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 11, the antenna in this embodiment not only includes the above-described structure but also includes a radome. The waveguide structure 10 can be disposed inside the radome, and the radiating element 21 of the radiating structure 2 can be disposed on the radome. When the radiating element 21 uses a radiating patch 211, it can be fabricated on the radome and needs to be disposed on an independent dielectric substrate 22. The structure is simple and easy to implement. Of course, it is also feasible to directly fix the radiating patch 211 onto the radome, which will not be listed here.

[0081] The second example: Figure 12 is an exploded view of the antenna of the second example of the present disclosure; Figure 13 is a top view of the antenna of the second example of the present disclosure from the reference electrode layer side; Figure 14 is a top view of the antenna of the second example of the present disclosure from the first radiating patch side; As shown in Figures 12-14, the radiating structure of this example antenna includes not only radiating elements, but also a stacked first dielectric substrate 23 and a second dielectric substrate 24, and a reference electrode layer 26 disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate 23 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 24. The radiating elements include at least a first radiating patch 212 disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate 24 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 23. The feeding structure includes a plurality of feeding components 11, and one feeding component 11 is connected to a first radiating patch 212 through a via penetrating the reference electrode layer 26, the first dielectric substrate 23, and the second dielectric substrate 24. The first radiating patch 212 is a circularly polarized patch, that is, the first radiating patch 212 can convert the linearly polarized wave transmitted by the feeding component 11 into a circularly polarized wave for radiation.

[0082] In some examples, FIG15 is a top view of the second radiating patch 213 side of the antenna in a second example of the present disclosure embodiment; as shown in FIG12 and FIG15, the radiating structure includes not only the first radiating patch 212 described above, but may also include a third dielectric substrate 25 disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate 24 opposite to the first dielectric substrate 23. Each radiating unit includes not only the first radiating patch 212, but also a second radiating patch 213 disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate 25 opposite to the first radiating patch 212. Wherein, the first radiating patch 212 in the radiating unit serves as the main radiating patch, and the second radiating patch 213 serves as the parasitic radiating patch, and their orthogonal projections on the second dielectric substrate 24 at least partially overlap. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing the second radiating patch 213, the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna can be extended, achieving better matching with free space.

[0083] In one example, the centers of the first radiating patch 212 and the second radiating patch 213 in the radiating element coincide on the orthographic projection of the second dielectric substrate 24, and their centers can serve as the feed point of the feeding assembly 11. That is, the first radiating patch 212 and the second radiating patch 213 are coaxially fed by the feeding assembly 11, which can more effectively extend the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna.

[0084] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figures 12-15, the antenna's multiple radiating elements include two different operating frequency bands, referred to as the first radiating element 21a and the second radiating element 21b. In some examples, the first radiating element 21a can operate in the K-band, and the second radiating element 21b can operate in the Ka-band. When the antenna is composed of the first radiating element 21a operating in the K-band and the second radiating element 21b operating in the Ka-band, the antenna is a dual-band common-aperture antenna.

[0085] It should be noted that the K-band (18GHz-27GHz) has a lower frequency and is less affected by atmospheric attenuation (such as rain attenuation), making it suitable for receiving signals to ensure the reliability of the receiving link. The Ka-band (26.5GHz-40GHz) has a higher frequency and wider bandwidth, making it suitable for transmitting high-speed data to improve the transmission rate. Therefore, the first radiating element 21a is used as the receiving element in the antenna, and the second radiating element 21b is used as the transmitting element in the antenna.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first radiating element 21a and the second radiating element 21b have the same structure, differing only in size. Specifically, the size of the first radiating element 21a is larger than that of the second radiating element 21b. Since the first radiating element 21a is larger than the second radiating element 21b, to meet the antenna gain requirements, the number of second radiating elements 21b must be greater than the number of first radiating elements 21a, provided that the number of first radiating elements 21a is sufficient. A specific arrangement of the first radiating elements 21a and the second radiating elements 21b is provided below.

[0087] In one example, a plurality of first radiating units 21a are divided into a plurality of first radiating groups arranged side by side along the second direction Y, and a plurality of first radiating units 21a in the first radiating groups are arranged side by side along the first direction X; a plurality of second radiating units 21b are divided into a plurality of second radiating groups arranged side by side along the second direction Y, and a plurality of second radiating units 21b in the second radiating groups are arranged side by side along the first direction X; the first radiating units 21a and the second radiating units 21b are arranged alternately along the second direction Y.

[0088] Furthermore, the first radiation units 21a in the adjacent first radiation groups are staggered; the second radiation units 21b in the adjacent second radiation groups are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; and one first radiation unit 21a is confined within the area defined by four second radiation units 21b arranged in an array.

[0089] In other words, the second radiating element 21b has a rectangular periodic arrangement of radiating patches, with a period close to half a wavelength, while the first radiating element 21a has a rhomboid arrangement with a period equal to the period of the second radiating element 21b. times.

[0090] In some examples, the first radiating patch 212 is patterned in this embodiment to convert linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves. The first radiating patch 212 is described below with reference to several specific structures. Before describing the structure of the first radiating patch 212, it should be noted that in this embodiment, only an 8×8 second radiating element 21b in the antenna is used as an example. A coordinate system is constructed with a straight line extending along the first direction X through the center of the antenna as the abscissa and a straight line extending along the second direction Y through the center of the antenna as the ordinate. The 8×8 second radiating elements 21b are distributed in four quadrants, and any second radiating element 21b in any quadrant can be obtained by rotating the second radiating element 21b in the adjacent quadrant by 90°. Simultaneously, the feeding assembly 11 performs phase excitation of the second radiating elements 21b in the quadrants at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees respectively, thereby achieving a single rotational feeding of the 8×8 second radiating elements 21b. The purpose of rotational feeding is to reduce the axial ratio of the antenna array, which is beneficial for improving the large-angle scanning performance of the array.

[0091] First type: Figure 16 is a top view of a first radiating patch 212 of a second example of the present disclosure; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a first slit opening 2121 of a second example of the present disclosure; As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the first radiating patch 212 has a first slit opening 2121 extending through its thickness direction; the first slit opening 2121 includes a first sub-slit S11, and a second sub-slit S12 and a third sub-slit S13 connected to both ends of the first sub-slit S11 and communicating with the first sub-slit S11; the second sub-slit S12 and the third sub-slit S13 both have different extension directions from the first sub-slit S11, and the lengths of the sub-slits and the third sub-slit S13 are unequal. Furthermore, the first slit opening 2121 also includes a first connecting slit S14 connecting the first sub-slit S11 and the second sub-slit S12, and a second connecting slit S15 connecting the first sub-slit S11 and the third sub-slit S13; the included angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit S14 and the first sub-slit S11 is the first included angle; the included angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit S14 and the second sub-slit S12 is the second included angle; the included angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit S15 and the first sub-slit S11 is the third included angle; the included angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit S15 and the third sub-slit S13 is the fourth included angle; wherein, the first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle and the fourth included angle are all obtuse angles.

[0092] Referring to Figure 16, taking the first radiating patch 212 in the first second radiating unit 21b in the upper left corner as an example, the second sub-slit S12 and the third sub-slit S13 of the first radiating patch 212 relative to the first direction X

[0093] Both are placed at a 45° angle, and in conjunction with the design of the first slit opening 2121 described above, the radiation of right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves can be achieved. Correspondingly, Figure 18 is a top view of another first radiating patch 212 of the second example of the embodiment of this disclosure; as shown in Figure 18, the first radiating patches 212 of the first radiating unit 21a and the second radiating unit 21b are both placed at a 45° angle, and in conjunction with the design of the first slit opening 2121 described above, the radiation of left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves can be achieved.

[0094] In some examples, the outer contour of the first radiating patch 212 is square. The outer contour of the first radiating patch 212 can also be a circle, an octagon, or other regular polygons. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, the left figure can convert a linearly polarized wave into a left-hand circularly polarized wave, and the right figure can convert a linearly polarized wave into a right-hand circularly polarized wave.

[0095] In some examples, as shown in Figure 21, the second sub-slit S12 and the third sub-slit S13 of the first slit opening 2121 of the first radiating patch 212 have equal lengths; the outer contour of the first radiating patch 212 is polygonal, and at least some of its diagonals have unequal lengths. For example, the outer contour of the first radiating patch 212 is hexagonal, specifically including a first side S1 and a second side S2 arranged opposite each other along a first direction X, a third side S3 and a fourth side S4 arranged opposite each other along two directions, and a fifth side S5 and a sixth side S6 arranged opposite each other. The fifth side S5 connects the first side S1 and the fourth side S4, and the sixth side S6 connects the second side S2 and the third side S3. The first side S1 and the second side S2 both extend along a second direction Y and have equal lengths, the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 both extend along a first direction X and have equal lengths, and the fifth side S5 and the sixth side S6 have equal lengths. The node connecting the first side S1 and the fifth side S5 is the first vertex P1. The node connecting the first side S1 and the third side S3 is the second vertex P2. The node connecting the third side S3 and the sixth side S6 is the third vertex P3. The node connecting the sixth side S6 and the second side S2 is the fourth vertex P4. The node connecting the second side S2 and the fourth side S4 is the fifth vertex P5. The node connecting the fourth side S4 and the fifth side S5 is the sixth vertex P6. The line connecting the first vertex P1 and the fourth vertex P4 is the first diagonal. The line connecting the third vertex P3 and the sixth vertex P6 is the second diagonal. The line connecting the second vertex P2 and the fifth vertex P5 is the third diagonal. The length of the third diagonal is greater than the length of the first diagonal, and the length of the first diagonal is equal to the length of the second diagonal. The first diagonal extends along the first direction X, the second diagonal extends along the second direction Y, and the extension direction of the third diagonal is set at a 45° angle relative to the first direction X (left view in Figure 21). When the first radiating patch 212 structure is used, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the first radiating patch 212 is a left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. In another example, as shown in the right figure of Figure 21, the first radiating patch 212 can be modified so that the extension direction of the third diagonal is tilted by -45° relative to the first direction X. When the first radiating patch 212 structure is used, the electromagnetic wave emitted through the first radiating patch 212 is a right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.

[0096] In some examples, as shown in Figure 22, the first radiating patch 212 has a first slit opening 2121 extending through its thickness direction; the first slit opening 2121 has an open-loop structure; the outer contour of the circularly polarized patch has a first concave portion and a second concave portion disposed opposite to each other, as well as a first arc edge and a second arc edge; the first arc edge and the second arc edge are located on the same virtual circle. Referring to Figure 22, the left figure can convert a linearly polarized wave into a left-handed circularly polarized wave, and the right figure can convert a linearly polarized wave into a right-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0097] In some examples, the second radiating patch 213 in this disclosure embodiment includes any of the following structures.

[0098] 1. The second radial patch 213 is a U-shaped patch. In some examples, as shown in Figure 23, both the inner and outer contours of the U-shaped patch are square. In some examples, one of the inner and outer contours of the U-shaped patch is a polygon, and all included angles of the polygon are obtuse angles. For example, as shown in Figure 24, the outer contour of the second radial patch 213 is circular, and the inner contour is octagonal; for example, as shown in Figure 25, the outer contour of the second radial patch 213 is octagonal, and the inner contour is circular.

[0099] 2. The second radiating patch 213 is a planar patch with a polygonal outer contour. For example, as shown in Figures 26 and 27, the outer contour of the second radiating patch 213 is hexagonal, octagonal, etc.

[0100] 3. As shown in Figure 28, the second radiating patch 213 has a second slit opening that extends through its thickness direction; the second slit opening has a closed-loop structure; the outer contour of the linearly polarized patch has a third concave portion and a fourth concave portion that are arranged opposite to each other, as well as a third arc edge and a fourth arc edge; the third arc edge and the fourth arc edge are located on the same virtual circle.

[0101] In some examples, the vias used to connect the power supply assembly 11 and the first radiating patch 212 include a first via 261 penetrating the reference electrode layer 26, the diameter of the first via 261 being larger than the width of the power supply assembly 11 to prevent the power supply assembly 11 from being short-circuited with the reference electrode layer 26.

[0102] In some examples, the power supply component 11 of this disclosure embodiment can be a probe, or any power supply component 11 such as a coaxial cable or transmission line, which will not be listed here.

[0103] In some examples, continuing to refer to Figures 14 and 15, the radiating structure further includes a first auxiliary layer 27 disposed on the second dielectric substrate 24 and a second auxiliary layer 28 disposed on the third dielectric substrate 25. The first auxiliary layer 27 has a first receiving portion extending through its thickness direction, for accommodating a first radiating patch 212. The second auxiliary layer 28 has a second receiving portion extending through its thickness direction, for accommodating a second radiating patch 213. The first auxiliary layer 27 is provided to prevent warping of the conductive film layer on the first dielectric substrate 23; similarly, the second auxiliary layer 28 is provided to prevent warping of the conductive film layer on the second dielectric substrate 24. A third example: This example has a structure largely the same as the second example, except that in this example, the first radiating patch 212 in the first radiating unit 21a and the second radiating unit 21b is a linearly polarized patch, and the second radiating patch 213 is a circularly polarized patch. That is, the linearly polarized wave is converted into a circularly polarized wave by the second radiating patch 213.

[0104] The third example: The structure of the first radiating patch 212 in this example can be the same as the structure of the second radiating patch 213 in the second example, and the structure of the second radiating patch 213 in this example can be the same as the structure of the first radiating patch 212 in the second example. Therefore, it will not be repeated here.

[0105] This disclosure also provides an electronic device that includes the antenna described above.

[0106] The antenna also includes a transceiver unit, an RF transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. This antenna can function as either a transmitting or receiving antenna. The transceiver unit can include a baseband and a receiver. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the RF transceiver. The transparent antenna in the communication system receives the signal, which is then processed by the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and RF transceiver (not shown in the diagram) before being transmitted to the receiver in the transceiver unit. The receiver could be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0107] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the transparent antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate the various types of signals provided by the baseband before transmitting them to the antenna. The transparent antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0108] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission in the communication system, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out clutter, and transmits them to the transparent antenna, which radiates the signal. During signal reception in the communication system, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out clutter from the received signal and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna, after processing by the power amplifier and signal amplifier, is transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0109] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0110] In some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure also includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier to provide voltage to the power amplifier for amplifying signals.

[0111] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising: Power supply Structure and radial structure; The radiating structure includes multiple radiating elements, and the feeding structure is connected to the multiple radiating elements; wherein... The radiating element is configured to convert the received electromagnetic wave from linear polarization to circular polarization.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The feeding structure includes a waveguide structure; the waveguide structure has multiple waveguide cavities; the waveguide cavity has a waveguide radiation port; The radiating structure further includes a dielectric substrate, and the radiating unit includes a radiating patch located on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the waveguide structure, wherein one of the radiating patches and one of the waveguide radiating ports at least partially overlap on the orthographic projection of the waveguide radiating port on the dielectric substrate.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, For the radiating patch and the waveguide radiating port whose orthographic projections on the dielectric substrate at least partially overlap, wherein the geometric center of the radiating patch and the geometric center of the waveguide radiating port coincide in their orthographic projections on the dielectric substrate.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The radiation patch includes a first sub-patch and a second sub-patch arranged orthogonally; or... The outer contour of the radiating patch is a polygon, and at least some of the diagonals of the polygon have different lengths.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The waveguide radiation port includes a first opening, and a second opening and a third opening respectively connected to both ends of the first opening and communicating with the first opening; the extension directions of the second opening and the third opening are different from the extension direction of the first opening.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiating structure further includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked together, and a reference electrode layer disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate facing away from the second dielectric substrate; the radiating unit includes a first radiating patch disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate facing away from the first dielectric substrate. The power feeding structure includes multiple power feeding components, one of which is electrically connected to the first radiating patch through a via penetrating the reference electrode layer, the first dielectric substrate, and the second dielectric substrate.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein, The radiating structure further includes a third dielectric substrate on the side where the first radiating patch is disposed away from the second dielectric substrate; the radiating unit further includes a second radiating patch disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate away from the first radiating patch, and the orthogonal projections of the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch on the second dielectric substrate at least partially overlap.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, In the radiation unit, one of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is a linearly polarized patch, and the other is a circularly polarized patch; The circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction. The first slit opening includes a first sub-slit, and a second sub-slit and a third sub-slit connected to both ends of the first sub-slit and communicating with the first sub-slit; the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit both have different extension directions from the first sub-slit, and the lengths of the sub-slits and the third sub-slit are unequal.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The first slit opening further includes a first connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the second sub-slit, and a second connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the third sub-slit; The angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the first included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the second sub-slit is the second included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the third included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the third sub-slit is the fourth included angle. The first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle, and the fourth included angle are all obtuse angles.

10. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The outer contour of the circularly polarized patch includes a circle or a regular polygon.

11. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction. The first slit opening includes a first sub-slit, and a second sub-slit and a third sub-slit connected to both ends of the first sub-slit and communicating with the first sub-slit; the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit both have different extension directions from the first sub-slit, and the lengths of the second sub-slit and the third sub-slit are equal; The outer contour of the circularly polarized patch is a polygon, and at least some of the diagonals of the polygon are of different lengths.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein, The first slit opening further includes a first connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the second sub-slit, and a second connecting slit connecting the first sub-slit and the third sub-slit; The angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the first included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the first connecting slit and the second sub-slit is the second included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the first sub-slit is the third included angle; the angle formed by the connection of the second connecting slit and the third sub-slit is the fourth included angle. The first included angle, the second included angle, the third included angle, and the fourth included angle are all obtuse angles.

13. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The circularly polarized patch has a first slit opening that extends through its thickness direction; the first slit opening has an open-loop structure. The outer contour of the circularly polarized patch has a first concave portion and a second concave portion disposed opposite to each other, as well as a first arc edge and a second arc edge; the first arc edge and the second arc edge are located on the same virtual circle.

14. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, In the radiation unit, one of the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is a linearly polarized patch, and the other is a circularly polarized patch; The linearly polarized patch includes any of the following structures: The linearly polarized patch is a U-shaped patch; The linearly polarized patch is a planar patch with a polygonal outer contour; The linearly polarized patch has a second slit opening that extends through its thickness direction; the second slit opening has a closed-loop structure; the outer contour of the linearly polarized patch has a third concave portion and a fourth concave portion that are disposed opposite to each other, as well as a third arc edge and a fourth arc edge; the third arc edge and the fourth arc edge are located on the same virtual circle.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein, When the linearly polarized patch is a U-shaped patch, one of the inner and outer contours of the U-shaped patch is a polygon, and all included angles of the polygon are obtuse angles.

16. The antenna according to any one of claims 6-15, wherein, The plurality of radiating elements includes a plurality of first radiating elements and a plurality of second radiating elements; the operating frequency bands of the first radiating elements are different from those of the second radiating elements.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, wherein, The first radiating element operates in the K-band, and the second radiating element operates in the Ka-band.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, wherein, The plurality of first radiation units are divided into a plurality of first radiation groups arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein a plurality of first radiation units in the first radiation group are arranged side by side along a first direction; the plurality of second radiation units are divided into a plurality of second radiation groups arranged side by side along a second direction, wherein a plurality of second radiation units in the second radiation group are arranged side by side along the first direction. The first radiation element and the second radiation element are alternately arranged along the second direction.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein, The first radiation units in the first radiation groups arranged adjacent to each other are staggered; the second radiation units in the second radiation groups arranged adjacent to each other are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; each first radiation unit is confined within the area defined by four second radiation units arranged in an array.

20. An electronic device comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1-19.

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