Sensing measurement and reporting
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/126850
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images

Figure CN2025126850_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SENSING MEASUREMENT AND REPORTINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a user equipment (UE) , a base station, processors for wireless communication and methods for sensing measurement and reporting.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , a sixth generation NodeB, or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] In 6G systems or other generation systems, the sensing procedure may be utilized for various purposes. Enhancements on sensing are still needed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support sensing measurement and reporting. By using a single / integrated reference signal (RS) resource / resource set to support multiple functions (e.g., communication, sensing and positioning) simultaneously, the resource efficiency is improved.
[0005] In a first aspect of the solution, a user equipment (UE) receives, from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and transmits, to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations.
[0006] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UE is a RS receiving (Rx) UE. The configurations comprise one or multiple RS resource configurations and one or multiple reporting configurations for the plurality of functions received from the base station.
[0007] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with the one reporting configuration for the plurality of functions among the one or multiple reporting configurations.
[0008] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the one RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource for the plurality of functions. The one RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following: at least one resource identity (ID) , at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, or at least one RS type indication. The one RS resource configuration is associated with the one reporting configuration based on an additional ID or an additional indication.
[0009] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations.
[0010] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the one RS resource configuration is associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The one RS resource configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication.
[0011] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the one RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource for the plurality of functions and a RS resource specific for sensing. The one RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, or at least one RS type indication.
[0012] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second reporting configuration comprises an indication of whether the RS resource specific for sensing is activated or not.
[0013] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the RS resource specific for sensing is activated or deactivated based on an additional indication received from the base station.
[0014] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second reporting configuration comprises at least one of the following: an indication of whether a recipient of the sensing measurement data is the base station or the core network entity; an indication of a layer used to report the sensing measurement data; at least one RS type to be measured; a report data level; at least one report criterion; a report duration; a report periodicity; or a report time.
[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing measurement data and communication measurement data are transmitted to the base station. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the communication measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the sensing function. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the communication measurement data is transmitted to the base station in a layer associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the base station in a layer associated with the sensing function.
[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the core network entity. The sensing measurement data is associated with at least one ID associated with the sensing function. The at least one ID associated with the sensing function comprises at least one of the following: a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID.
[0017] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, one default RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations. A RS resource configuration specific for sensing among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with the second reporting configuration.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the one default RS resource configuration is associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The one default RS resource configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication. The RS resource configuration specific for sensing is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a third additional ID or a third additional indication.
[0019] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the one default RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following: at least one first resource ID, at least one first resource index, at least one first measurement object ID, or at least one first RS type indication. The RS resource configuration specific for sensing is indicated by one of the following: at least one second resource ID, at least one second resource index, at least one second measurement object ID, or at least one second RS type indication.
[0020] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the second reporting configuration comprises an indication of whether the RS resource configuration specific for sensing is activated or not.
[0021] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the RS resource configuration specific for sensing is activated or deactivated based on an additional indication received from the base station.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, a first RS resource configuration for a communication function among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a first reporting configuration for the communication function among the one or multiple reporting configurations. A second RS resource configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations. The first RS resource configuration and the second RS resource configuration comprise the same or different RS resources.
[0023] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first RS resource configuration is associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The second RS resource configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication.
[0024] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the first RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following: at least one first resource ID, at least one first resource index, at least one first measurement object ID, or at least one first RS type indication. The second RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following: at least one second resource ID, at least one second resource index, at least one second measurement object ID, or at least one second RS type indication.
[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UE is RS Rx UE. The configurations comprise a measurement configuration, a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function. The measurement configuration and the first reporting configuration are received from the base station. The second reporting configuration are received from the core network entity.
[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the measurement configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a same ID comprised in the measurement configuration and the second reporting configuration. The same ID comprises one of the following: a reporting configuration ID, a measurement object ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID.
[0027] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UE is RS Rx UE, the base station is a serving base station of the UE. The configurations comprise at least one measurement configuration associated with a plurality of base stations. The at least one measurement configuration is received from the serving base station.
[0028] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one measurement configuration comprises one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration comprises a plurality of RS resources of the plurality of base stations.
[0029] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one measurement configuration comprises a plurality of RS resource configurations, wherein each RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource of one base station of the plurality of base stations.
[0030] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UE is RS transmission (Tx) UE. The configurations comprise at least one RS configuration received from the base station or the core network entity.
[0031] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one RS configuration comprises one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration comprises a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations.
[0032] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one RS configuration comprises a plurality of RS resource configurations, wherein each RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource of one base station of a plurality of base stations.
[0033] In a second aspect of the solution, a base station transmits, to a user equipment (UE) , configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; receive, from the UE, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations; and transmits, to a core network entity, sensing measurement data based on the received single RS or the received sensing measurement data.
[0034] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions.
[0035] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from at least one of the UE or the core network entity, assistance information; and determining whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information.
[0036] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the assistance information comprises at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions; sensing requirements; requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE; a sensing capability of the UE; a computation capability of the UE; a computation overload of the UE; or an energy status of the UE.
[0037] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the UE is a RS receiving (Rx) UE. The sensing measurement data and communication measurement data are received from the UE, and the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the core network entity. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the communication measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with a communication function; and the sensing measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the sensing function. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the communication measurement data is received from the UE in a layer associated with a communication function; and the sensing measurement data is received from the UE in a layer associated with the sensing function.
[0038] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configurations are first configurations, the UE is a RS transmission (Tx) UE. The single RS is received from the UE, and the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the core network entity based on the received single RS and second configurations for the sensing function received from the core network entity. The second configurations for the sensing function comprise at least one of the following: at least one measurement metric; a measurement periodicity; a measurement duration; a report data level; at least one report criterion; a report duration; a report periodicity; or a report time.
[0039] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the configurations comprise at least one RS resource configuration. The at least one RS configuration comprises one of the following: one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration comprises a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations; or a plurality of RS resource configurations comprising a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations, wherein each RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource of one base station of a plurality of base stations. The plurality of RS resources comprises one or more RS resources of at least one neighboring base station indicated by the at least one neighboring base station or the core network entity.
[0040] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from the core network entity, information associated with a RS reconfiguration for the sensing function; and transmitting, to the UE, reconfigurations for the sensing function, the reconfigurations for the sensing function are determined based on the information associated with the RS reconfiguration. The information associated with the RS reconfiguration comprises at least one of the following: an indication of triggering the RS reconfiguration, a request to reconfigure a RS for the sensing function; an indication that the sensing measurement data does not satisfy sensing requirements; an indication of a RS resource that does not satisfy sensing requirements; a request to change a RS periodicity; or a request to use a RS resource specific for sensing.
[0041] In a third aspect of the solution, a core network entity transmits, to at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station, information associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and receives, from the UE or the base station, sensing measurement data.
[0042] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions.
[0043] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: receiving, from at least one of the UE or the base station, assistance information; and determining whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information.
[0044] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the assistance information comprises at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions; radio resource information; a UE distribution level; a UE density; existing communication RS information; an interference level; a computation overload of the base station; available sensing UE information; requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE; a mobility state of the UE; location information of the UE; a sensing capability of the UE; a computation capability of the UE; a computation overload of the UE; or an energy status of the UE.
[0045] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information transmitted to the base station comprises at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions; information of at least one UE for the sensing function; information of at least one neighboring base station for the sensing function; or an indication of one or more RS resources of at least one neighboring base station.
[0046] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the information transmitted to the UE comprises at least one RS resource configuration. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one RS configuration comprises one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration comprises a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations. In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one RS configuration comprises a plurality of RS resource configurations comprising a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations, wherein each RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource of one base station of a plurality of base stations. The plurality of RS resources are indicated by the plurality of base stations, respectively, or by a serving base station of the UE.
[0047] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the sensing measurement data comprises at least one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, a session ID, or at least one RS type indication.
[0048] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include: determining to trigger a RS reconfiguration for the sensing function based on the sensing measurement data; and transmitting, to the base station, information associated with the RS reconfiguration. The information associated with the RS reconfiguration comprises at least one of the following: an indication of triggering the RS reconfiguration, a request to reconfigure a RS for the sensing function; an indication that the sensing measurement data does not satisfy sensing requirements; an indication of a RS resource that does not satisfy sensing requirements; a request to change a RS periodicity; or a request to use a RS resource specific for sensing.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0049] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0050] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of sensing with co-located sensing receiver and sensing transmitter.
[0051] FIG. 1C illustrates an example of sensing with separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter.
[0052] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart of a communication process that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIGS. 3A through 3D illustrate examples of measurement and reporting configurations in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0054] FIGS. 4A through 4B illustrate examples of resource configurations for multi-static sensing mode in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0055] FIGS. 5 through 8 illustrate examples of procedures of sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0056] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a device that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0057] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a processor that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0058] FIGS. 11 through 13 illustrate flowcharts of methods that support sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0059] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0060] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0061] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0062] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0063] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0064] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0065] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 6GR (6G Radio) , 5G NR, long term evolution (LTE) , LTE-advanced (LTE-A) , wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, the sixth generation (6G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0066] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a 6G NB, a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto BS, a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology.
[0067] As used herein, the term “terminal device” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE) , an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a gaming terminal device, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an internet of things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “terminal device, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0068] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0069] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 6G network, such as an 6GR network. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0070] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , ) , a 6G NB, or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0071] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0072] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0073] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0074] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0075] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0076] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0077] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0078] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0079] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0080] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0081] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , a 5G core (5GC) , or a 6G core (6GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0082] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0083] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0084] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0085] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0086] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0087] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0088] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0089] Wireless sensing is a feature providing capabilities to get information about characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment (e.g., shape, size, orientation, speed, location, distances or relative motion between objects, etc. ) using 3GPP radio frequency signals, which, in some cases, may be extended by information created via previously specified functionalities in EPC and / or E-UTRAN.
[0090] The operation of the wireless sensing service, also known as sensing operation, relies on processing the transmissions, reflections, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. The wireless sensing, therefore, has the opportunity to enhance the 3GPP system from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network, where it uses 3GPP entities (e.g., UEs or TRPs) to sense objects and the environment in its surroundings.
[0091] Sensing operation may be implemented in a couple of different ways. FIG. 1B illustrates an example of sensing with co-located sensing receiver and sensing transmitter. As shown in FIG. 1B, the sensing transmitter and sensing receiver are co-located in the same entity. Such radar like sensing may be called monostatic sensing. FIG. 1C illustrates an example of sensing with separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter. As shown in FIG. 1C, the sensing receiver and sensing transmitter are located in different entities. Such sensing may be called bistatic sensing. A more advanced scenario with multiple sensing transmitters and receivers is also possible, which may be called multi-static sensing. The reflections of the sensing signal sent from the sensing transmitter are received by the sensing receiver and processed to obtain characteristics of the sensed object and its environment (e.g., location) .
[0092] As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, a sensing receiver is an entity that receives the sensing signal which the sensing service will use in its operation. A sensing receiver is part of a RAN node or a UE. A sensing receiver may be located in the same or different entity as the sensing transmitter. A sensing transmitter is the entity that sends out the sensing signal which the sensing service will use in its operation. A sensing transmitter is part of a RAN node or a UE. A Sensing transmitter may be located in the same or different entity as the sensing receiver. A sensing group is a set of sensing transmitters and sensing receivers whose location is known and whose sensing data may be collected synchronously. 3GPP sensing data is data derived from 3GPP radio signals impacted (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) by an object or environment of interest for sensing purposes, and optionally processed within the 3GPP system. A target sensing service area is a cartesian location area that needs to be sensed by deriving characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment with certain sensing service quality from the impacted (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) 3GPP radio signals. This includes both indoor and outdoor environments.
[0093] Sensing assistance information is information that is provided to the 3GPP system from a trusted third-party and may be used to support the derivation of a sensing result. This information does not contain 3GPP sensing data.
[0094] Sensing contextual information is information that is exposed with the sensing results by 3GPP system to a trusted third-party which provides context to the conditions under which the sensing results were derived. This information does not contain 3GPP sensing data.
[0095] Sensing results are processed 3GPP sensing data requested by a service consumer. Sensing signals are transmissions on the 3GPP radio interface that may be used for sensing purposes. It should be understood that the sensing signals refer to 3GPP radio frequency signals which, in some cases, may be extended by information created via previously specified functionalities in EPC and / or E-UTRAN.
[0096] Non-3GPP based sensing is when information from non-3GPP sensors is used to determine characteristics of objects and their environment. These non-3GPP sensors may include radar camera or Wi-Fi sensing. Non-3GPP sensing data from these non-3GPP sensors, if available, may be used in wireless sensing to achieve improved sensing result, or in any other way to enhance the sensing service.
[0097] The wireless sensing service may be consumed by either the 3GPP system or trusted third-party. In some implementations, the wireless sensing service may work independently of positioning service.
[0098] Some factors may affect the performance that the wireless sensing service may achieve, e.g., operating frequencies, the used bandwidth, and the propagation environment. Environments with many objects that may block radio signals, leading to interruption of the Line of Sight (LOS) path and reflections / scattering may increase the number of interfering signal paths, as well as clutter and thus make it harder to reach higher resolutions.
[0099] Sensing operations (such as authorization) and parameters (such as sensing area, sensing operation period and sensing operation time window etc. ) may be configured and adjusted for efficient use of all kinds of resources, such as energy and radio spectrum, etc.
[0100] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) facilitates new applications and services that require sensing capabilities. The service includes offering wide area multi-dimensional sensing that provides spatial information about unconnected objects as well as connected devices and their movements and surroundings. The 6G network is expected to meet the various service requirements for wireless sensing service, which provides capabilities for sensing one or more objects in the environments, monitoring environmental conditions and human motion and gestures to enable more diversified applications. There may be various uses cases for 6G sensing, which may be categorized as Object detection / tracking, Motion monitoring, Environment monitoring. Those use cases target to different sensing requirements with different levels of KPIs.
[0101] For some sensing use cases with low requirement, it’s beneficial not to configure sensing specific RS, especially for the scenarios with small coverage (e.g., indoor) , low mobility of sensing node and sensing target, coarse-grained detection requirement, and intensive BS / UE deployment. Using single / integrated RS resource / resource set to support multiple functions (e.g., communication, sensing and positioning) simultaneously can save scarce radio resource and promote the synergy between sensing and communication. Thus, solutions to use single / integrated RS resource / resource set to support multiple functions (e.g., communication, sensing and positioning) simultaneously are needed.
[0102] In particular, in a first aspect, the determination of using single RS resource / resource set to support both sensing and communication depends on the sensing use case and requirement (known by the sensing function (SF) ) and the current communication environment (known by the BS) . Thus, solutions regarding how the network determines whether to use single RS resource / resource set to support sensing and communication simultaneously are needed.
[0103] In a second aspect, in the case that single RS resource / resource set simultaneously supports sensing and communication, it’s efficient to jointly consider communication and sensing measurement and reporting procedure. However, sensing measurement and reporting requirement may be different from communication. Thus, solutions regarding how the Rx node performs measurement and reporting to satisfy the requirement of sensing and communication are needed.
[0104] In a third aspect, upon receiving the sensing report from UE or BS, SF may generate the sensing result. If the sensing result is not satisfactory, SF may trigger BS to reconfigure RS, e.g., increase RS periodicity, switch from integrated RS to sensing specific RS, etc. The triggering of RS reconfiguration needs to be specified.
[0105] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for sensing measurement and reporting. In an aspect of the solution, a sensing UE receives configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions including a sensing function from a base station and / or a core network entity. The sensing UE transmits the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations to the base station and / or the core network entity. As used herein, the term “single RS” indicates that the same RS simultaneously supporting multiple functions, and may be used interchangeably with the term “integrated RS” or other suitable terminologies. In this way, solutions to use single / integrated RS resource / resource set to support multiple functions (e.g., communication, sensing and positioning) simultaneously are designed, thus improving resource efficiency. It is to be understood that the terms used herein are terminologies in 5G NR systems, and may be interchangeably used with other terminologies (but with same or similar functions) that might be used in future wireless communication system such as 6G.
[0106] Reference is now made to FIG. 2, which illustrates an example signaling chart of a communication process 200 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve a UE 210, a base station 220 and a core network entity 230. In some examples, the UE 210 may be implemented as a UE 104 in FIG. 1A, the base station 220 may be implemented as a network entity 102 in FIG. 1A, and the core network entity 230 may be implemented as a node (e.g., a sensing function) in the core network 106 in FIG. 1A. Other wireless communications systems are also applicable. Although the base station 220 and the core network entity 230 are shown as separate devices, they may be implemented as a single device, e.g., a base station with sensing data processing ability / capability, and the communication therebetween may be omitted. Only one UE and one base station is shown in FIG. 2 for ease of illustration. It is to be understood that the process 200 may involve multiple UEs and / or multiple base stations. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 2 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that process 200 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0107] In the process 200, the UE 210 receives configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions including a sensing function from at least one of the base station 220 and the core network entity 230, and transmits the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations associated with the single RS.
[0108] In some embodiments, the base station 220 transmits (201) configurations 202 to the UE 210. Accordingly, the UE 210 receives (203) the configurations 202 from the base station 220. Alternatively or additionally, the core network entity 230 transmits (204) configurations 205 to the UE 210. Accordingly, the UE 210 receives (206) the configurations 205 from the core network entity 230. The communication between the UE 210 and the core network entity 230 may be performed via the base station 220, and the data may be transparent to the base station 220. For example, all the configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may be provided by the base station 220, i.e., the configurations 202 are the configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions. In another example, part of the configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may be provided by the base station 220, and another part of the configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may be provided by the core network entity 230, i.e., the configurations 202 and the configurations 205 in combination are the configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions.
[0109] In some embodiments, the UE 210 may be a RS Tx UE, and thus acts as a sensing Tx node in the sensing operation. The UE 210 may transmit (207) the single RS 208 to the base station 220 based on the obtained configurations (e.g., 202 and / or 205) . Accordingly, the base station 220 may receive (211) the single RS 208 from the UE 210 and transmits (212) sensing measurement data 209 to the core network entity 230 based on the received single RS 208.
[0110] In some alternative embodiments, the UE may be a RS Rx UE, and thus acts as a sensing Rx node in the sensing operation. In other words, the UE receiving the single RS may be regarded as sensing Rx UE. The UE 210 may receive the single RS from the base station 220 and report sensing measurement data 209 to the network based on the obtained configurations (e.g., 202 and / or 205) . In some examples, the UE 210 may transmit (207) sensing measurement data 209 to the base station 220 based on the obtained configurations (e.g., 202 and / or 205) . Accordingly, the base station 220 may receive (211) the sensing measurement data 209 from the UE 210 and transmits (212) the sensing measurement data 209 to the core network entity 230. The core network entity 230 may receive (213) the sensing measurement data 209 from the base station 220. In some alternative examples, the UE 210 may transmit (214) directly sensing measurement data 209 to the core network entity 230 based on the obtained configurations (e.g., 202 and / or 205) . Accordingly, the core network entity 230 may receive (215) the sensing measurement data 209 from the UE 210.
[0111] In some embodiments, the core network entity 230 may determine to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions. In some example embodiments, the core network entity 230 may receive assistance information from at least one of the UE 210 or the base station 220, and determine whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information. The assistance information may include at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions; radio resource information, a UE distribution level, a UE density, existing communication RS information, an interference level, a computation overload of the base station 220, available sensing UE information, requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE 210, a mobility state of the UE 210, location information of the UE 210, a sensing capability of the UE 210, a computation capability of the UE 210, a computation overload of the UE 210, or an energy status of the UE 210.
[0112] In some embodiments, based on determining to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions, the core network entity 230 may transmit, to the base station 220, information associated with a single RS supporting the plurality of functions. The information transmitted to the base station 220 may include at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions, information of at least one UE for the sensing function, information of at least one neighboring base station for the sensing function, or an indication of one or more RS resources of at least one neighboring base station.
[0113] For example, the sensing function (SF) may determine whether to use single RS resource (set) to support both sensing and communication simultaneously. The SF may obtain assistance information from the base station (BS) and / or the UE before the determination. The assistance information may include at least one of the following: radio resource information (e.g., whether resource is sufficient, resource congestion level) , UE distribution level / UE density, existing communication RS information (e.g., RS type, RS pattern, RS periodicity, etc. ) associated with all or part of UEs, an interference level, BS computation overload, available sensing UE information, UE requirements for data rate and / or latency, UE mobility state, (approximate) UE location / area, UE computation overload, UE sensing capability, UE energy status, a request / indication of using single RS to support sensing and communication from BS. Upon the determination, SF may indicate BS (s) to use single / integrated RS resource (set) to support sensing and communication. The signalling from SF to BS (s) may also include at least one of the following information: the selected sensing UE information, the selected RS associated with the sensing UE, neighbour BS / cell / TRP information participating in the sensing task (for multi-static sensing mode) , or the available RS information of neighbour BS / cell / TRP (for multi-static sensing mode) .
[0114] In some alternative embodiments, the base station 220 may determine to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions. In some example embodiments, the base station 220 may receive assistance information from at least one of the UE 210 or the core network entity 230, and determine whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information. The assistance information may include at least one of the following: an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions, sensing requirements, requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE 210, a sensing capability of the UE 210, a computation capability of the UE 210, a computation overload of the UE 210, or an energy status of the UE 210.
[0115] For example, the BS may determine whether to use single RS resource (set) to support both sensing and communication simultaneously. The BS may obtain assistance information from SF and / or UE before the determination. The assistance information may include at least one of the following: an explicit indication from SF (e.g., the sensing use case / requirement is suitable to use single / integrated RS resource (set) ) , specific sensing requirements from SF (e.g., sensing bandwidth requirement, sensing resolution requirement, sensing refreshing rate requirement) , UE requirements for data rate and / or latency, UE sensing capability, UE computation capability / overload, or UE energy status from UE.
[0116] In this way, solutions regarding how the network determines whether to use single RS resource / resource set to support sensing and communication simultaneously are designed.
[0117] In some embodiments, the UE 210 is a RS Rx UE. The configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may include the configurations 202 received from the base station 220. The configurations 202 received from the base station 220 may include one or multiple RS resource configurations and one or multiple reporting configurations for the plurality of functions. For example, for the BS→UE sensing mode (i.e., the sensing Rx node is UE) , the serving BS may provide all the measurement and reporting configurations to the Rx UE.
[0118] In some example embodiments, one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations in the configurations 202 may be associated with the one reporting configuration for the plurality of functions among the one or multiple reporting configurations in the configurations 202. In some examples, the one RS resource configuration may include a RS resource for the plurality of functions. The one RS resource configuration may be indicated by one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object (MO) ID, or at least one RS type indication. The one RS resource configuration may be associated with the one reporting configuration based on an additional ID or an additional indication.
[0119] FIG. 3A illustrates an example of measurement and reporting configurations in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, one RS resource configuration is associated with one reporting configuration. The RS resource configuration may be indicated by a resource ID / index, a measurement object (MO) ID, a RS type indication, etc. An ID / indication (e.g., a measurement ID) may be used to link the RS resource configuration and the reporting configuration.
[0120] In some alternative example embodiments, one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations in the configurations 202 may be associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations in the configurations 202. The one RS resource configuration may be associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The one RS resource configuration may be associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication.
[0121] In some examples, the one RS resource configuration may include a RS resource for the plurality of functions and a RS resource specific for sensing. The one RS resource configuration may be indicated by one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, or at least one RS type indication.
[0122] In some examples, the second reporting configuration may include an indication of whether the RS resource specific for sensing is activated or not. In some alternative examples, the RS resource specific for sensing may be activated or deactivated based on an additional indication received from the base station 220.
[0123] In some examples, the second reporting configuration may include at least one of the following: an indication of whether a recipient of the sensing measurement data is the base station 220 or the core network entity 230; an indication of a layer used to report the sensing measurement data; at least one RS type to be measured; a report data level; at least one report criterion; a report duration; a report periodicity; or a report time.
[0124] In some examples, the UE 210 may transmit the sensing measurement data and communication measurement data to the base station 220 (i.e., a recipient of the sensing measurement data is the base station 220) . In some examples, the communication measurement data may be associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data may be associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the sensing function. Alternatively or additionally, the communication measurement data may be transmitted to the base station 220 in a layer associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data may be transmitted to the base station 220 in a layer associated with the sensing function. For example, the sensing measurement data and the communication measurement data may be associated with different measurement IDs, and / or different reporting configuration IDs, and / or different message types, or may be transmitted in different layers. In this way, the base station 220 may differentiate the sensing measurement data and communication measurement data. The base station 220 may transmit the sensing measurement data to the core network entity 230.
[0125] In some alternative examples, the UE 210 may transmit the sensing measurement data and communication measurement data to the core network entity 230 (i.e., a recipient of the sensing measurement data is the core network entity 230) . In some examples, the sensing measurement data may be associated with at least one ID associated with the sensing function. The at least one ID associated with the sensing function may include at least one of the following: a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID. In this way, the core network entity may associate the sensing measurement data with the sensing service / task via a specific ID (e.g., measurement ID, report ID, report config ID, task ID, session ID, etc. )
[0126] FIG. 3B illustrates an example of measurement and reporting configurations in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3B, one RS resource configuration is associated with sensing reporting configuration and communication reporting configuration. The RS resource configuration may include the RS resource for both communication and sensing and optionally the RS resource for sensing only. The sensing reporting configuration may indicate whether the sensing-only RS resource (if any) is activated or not. Alternatively, (de) activation of the sensing-only RS resource (if any) may be based on an additional signalling, to satisfy dynamic sensing requirements. The sensing reporting configuration may indicate the recipient of sensing data (e.g., SF or BS) , which layer used to report (e.g., L1 / L2 / L3) , the RS type to be measured, etc. If the RS Rx UE reports both communication measurement data and sensing measurement data to the BS, BS needs to differentiate them based on the explicit indication (e.g., measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, message type, etc. ) or implicit indication (e.g., which layer) . If the RS Rx UE reports sensing measurement data to the SF, SF associates the data with the sensing service / task via specific ID (e.g., measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, task ID, session ID, etc. ) .
[0127] In some alternative example embodiments, one default RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations in the configurations 202 may be associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations in the configurations 202. A RS resource configuration specific for sensing among the one or multiple RS resource configurations may be associated with the second reporting configuration among the one or multiple reporting configurations. The one default RS resource configuration may be associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The one default RS resource configuration may be associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication. The RS resource configuration specific for sensing may be associated with the second reporting configuration based on a third additional ID or a third additional indication.
[0128] In some examples, the one default RS resource configuration may be indicated by one of the following: at least one first resource ID, at least one first resource index, at least one first measurement object ID, or at least one first RS type indication. The RS resource configuration specific for sensing may be indicated by one of the following: at least one second resource ID, at least one second resource index, at least one second measurement object ID, or at least one second RS type indication.
[0129] In some examples, the second reporting configuration may include an indication of whether the RS resource configuration specific for sensing is activated or not. Alternatively, the RS resource configuration specific for sensing may be activated or deactivated based on an additional indication received from the base station 220.
[0130] FIG. 3C illustrates an example of measurement and reporting configurations in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3C, one default RS resource configuration is associated with one communication reporting configuration and one sensing reporting configuration. Other sensing-only RS resource configuration may also be associated with the sensing reporting configuration. The sensing reporting configuration may indicate whether sensing-only RS resource configuration is activated or not. Alternatively, (de) activation of the sensing-only RS resource (if any) may be based on an additional signaling.
[0131] In some alternative example embodiments, a first RS resource configuration for a communication function among the one or multiple RS resource configurations in the configurations 202 may be associated with a first reporting configuration for the communication function among the one or multiple reporting configurations in the configurations 202. A second RS resource configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple RS resource configurations in the configurations 202 may be associated with a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations in the configurations 202. The first RS resource configuration and the second RS resource configuration may include the same or different RS resources. The first RS resource configuration may be associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication. The second RS resource configuration may be associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication.
[0132] In some examples, the first RS resource configuration may be indicated by one of the following: at least one first resource ID, at least one first resource index, at least one first measurement object ID, or at least one first RS type indication. The second RS resource configuration may be indicated by one of the following: at least one second resource ID, at least one second resource index, at least one second measurement object ID, or at least one second RS type indication.
[0133] FIG. 3D illustrates an example of measurement and reporting configurations in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3D, communication and sensing configurations are totally separated. The communication RS resource configuration and sensing RS resource configuration may include same or different RS resources.
[0134] In some embodiments, the UE 210 is a RS Rx UE. The configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may include the configurations 202 received from the base station 220 and the configurations 205 received from the core network entity 230. The configurations 202 received from the base station 220 may include a measurement configuration and a first reporting configuration for a communication function. The configurations 205 received from the core network entity 230 may include a second reporting configuration for the sensing function. For example, for the BS→UE sensing mode (i.e., the sensing Rx node is UE) , the serving BS may provide measurement configuration and communication reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE, and SF may provide sensing reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE.
[0135] In some example embodiments, the measurement configuration in the configurations 202 may be associated with the second reporting configuration in the configurations 205 based on a same ID included in the measurement configuration and the second reporting configuration. The same ID may include one of the following: a reporting configuration ID, a measurement object ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID. For example, to associate the measurement configuration provided by the BS and the sensing reporting configuration provided by the SF, the BS may include sensing report ID / report configuration ID in the measurement configuration. In another example, to associate the measurement configuration provided by the BS and the sensing reporting configuration provided by the SF, the SF may include resource ID / index or MO ID in the sensing reporting configuration. In another example, to associate the measurement configuration provided by the BS and the sensing reporting configuration provided by the SF, the BS and SF may include a same ID or indication in the measurement configuration and sensing related reporting configuration. The same ID / indication may be sensing service ID, task ID, transaction ID, procedure ID, session ID, etc.
[0136] In some embodiments, the UE 210 is sensing Rx UE, the base station 220 is a serving base station of the UE 210. The configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may include the configurations 202 received from the serving base station (and optionally, the configurations 205 received from the core network entity 230) . The configurations 202 received from the serving base station may include at least one measurement configuration associated with a plurality of base stations. For example, for BS→UE sensing mode (i.e., sensing Rx node is UE) , for multi-static sensing mode (i.e., multiple BSs / TRPs sends RS to RS Rx UE) , the serving BS may configure RS resources related to multiple BSs to the RS Rx UE. In some examples, the serving BS may obtain RS information of neighbour BS / cell / TRPs via BS-BS interface (e.g., Xn) or via SF.
[0137] In some examples, the at least one measurement configuration in the configurations 202 may include one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration may include a plurality of RS resources of the plurality of base stations. FIG. 4A illustrates an example of resource configurations for multi-static sensing mode in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A, one RS resource configuration (e.g., MO#1) includes RS resources of multiple BSs.
[0138] In some alternative examples, the at least one measurement configuration in the configurations 202 may include a plurality of RS resource configurations. Each RS resource configuration may include a RS resource of one base station 220 of the plurality of base stations. FIG. 4B illustrates an example of resource configurations for multi-static sensing mode in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4B, one RS resource configuration (e.g., one MO) includes the RS resource of one BS. The RS resources of different BSs are indicated in different RS resource configurations (e.g., different MOs) .
[0139] In some embodiments, the UE 210 is RS Tx UE. The configurations associated with a single RS supporting a plurality of functions may include at least one RS configuration received from the base station 220 or the core network entity 230. In some examples, the configurations 202 received from the base station 220 may include at least one RS configuration. In some alternative examples, the configurations 205 received from the core network entity 230 may include at least one RS configuration. For example, for UE→BS sensing mode (i.e., BS is sensing Rx node, and the UE transmitting the single RS may be regarded as sensing Tx UE) , BS / SF provides integrated RS configuration to the RS Tx UE. If existing RS is reused to support sensing, then there is no need to inform RS Tx UE as UE is already transmitting the RS. In some examples, the base station 220 may receive configurations for the sensing function from the core network entity 230. The base station may transmit sensing measurement data to the core network entity 230 based on the single RS received from the UE 210 and the configurations for the sensing function received from the core network entity 230. The configurations for the sensing function may include at least one of the following: at least one measurement metric, a measurement periodicity, a measurement duration, a report data level, at least one report criterion, a report duration, a report periodicity, or a report time. For example, SF may provide sensing related measurement and reporting configuration to the BS, which may include at least one of the following: sensing related measurement quantity / metric (e.g., doppler, angle, distance, etc. ) ; sensing related measurement periodicity / duration; report data level (e.g., sensing result or measurement data) ; report criterion (e.g., event-triggered or periodically) , report duration, report period, or report time.
[0140] In some examples, the at least one RS configuration may include one RS resource configuration. The one RS resource configuration may include a plurality of RS resources of a plurality of base stations. In some alternative examples, the at least one RS configuration may include a plurality of RS resource configurations. Each RS resource configuration may include a RS resource of one base station 220 of a plurality of base stations.
[0141] In some examples, the plurality of RS resources may be configured by the configurations 202 received from the serving base station 220. The plurality of RS resources may include one or more RS resources of at least one neighboring base station indicated to the serving base station 220 by the at least one neighboring base station or by the core network entity 230. For example, for UE→BS sensing mode, for multi-static sensing mode (i.e., RS Tx UE sends RS to multiple BSs / TRPs) , the serving BS may obtain available RS configuration or resource from neighbour BSs / cell / TRPs via BS-BS interface or via SF, and sends determined RS configuration to the RS Tx UE.
[0142] In some alternative examples, the plurality of RS resources may be configured by the configurations 205 received from the core network entity 230. The plurality of RS resources may be indicated to the core network entity 230 by the plurality of base stations, respectively, or by the serving base station 220 of the UE 210. For example, for UE→BS sensing mode, for multi-static sensing mode (i.e., RS Tx UE sends RS to multiple BSs / TRPs) , the SF obtains available RS configuration or resource from BSs / cell / TRPs, and sends determined RS configuration to the RS Tx UE. In this way, solutions regarding how the Rx node performs measurement and reporting to satisfy the requirement of sensing and communication are designed.
[0143] In some embodiments, the sensing measurement data 209 may include at least one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, a session ID, or at least one RS type indication. For example, when BS or RS Rx UE reports sensing data to the SF, the BS or RS Rx UE associates the RS resource with the sensing report by adding an indication / ID in the sensing report. The indication / ID may be RS resource ID / index, MO ID, measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, transaction ID, procedure ID, service ID, task ID, session ID, RS type, etc.
[0144] In some embodiments, the core network entity 230 may determine to trigger a RS reconfiguration for the sensing function based on the sensing measurement data 209. The core network entity 230 may transmit information associated with the RS reconfiguration to the base station 220. The information associated with the RS reconfiguration may include at least one of the following: an indication of triggering the RS reconfiguration, a request to reconfigure a RS for the sensing function, an indication that the sensing measurement data does not satisfy sensing requirements, an indication of a RS resource that does not satisfy sensing requirements, a request to change a RS periodicity, or a request to use a RS resource specific for sensing. The base station 220 may receive, from the core network entity 230, the information associated with a RS reconfiguration for the sensing function. Based on the information associated with the RS reconfiguration, the base station 220 may determine reconfigurations for the sensing function, and transmit the reconfigurations for the sensing function to the UE 210. The UE 210 may perform sensing operation based on the reconfigurations for the sensing function.
[0145] For example, SF may determine that the sensing result associated with the RS resource is not good / cannot satisfy the requirements, and may trigger the BS to reconfigure the RS. The triggering signalling may include at least one of the following: the indication / ID corresponding to the RS resource (e.g., RS resource index, MO ID, measurement ID, report ID, report config ID, transaction ID, procedure ID, service ID, task ID, session ID, RS type, etc. ) , the request to reconfigure RS, the indication that the sensing result associated with the RS is not good, the suggestion to change RS periodicity, or the suggestion to use sensing specific RS.
[0146] In this way, solutions for triggering of RS reconfiguration are designed.
[0147] Hereinbefore, some embodiments of the sensing measurement and reporting are described in general terms. Hereinafter, some implementations of the sensing measurement and reporting will be further detailed with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8. FIGS. 5 through 8 illustrate examples of procedures of sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0148] FIG. 5 illustrated an example of a process 500 for BS→UE sensing mode. The process 500 may be regarded as a specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2. The process 500 involves a RS Rx UE 510, a BS 520 and a SF 530. The RS Rx UE 510, the BS 520 and the SF 530 may be regarded as a specific example of the UE 210, the base station 220 and the core network entity 230 in FIG. 2, respectively. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 5 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that process 500 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0149] As shown in FIG. 5, at step 501, assistance information is exchanged among the RS Rx UE 510, the BS 520 and the SF 530.
[0150] In a first example, the SF 530 determines whether to use single RS resource / RS resource set to support both sensing and communication based on the sensing requirement and assistance information from BS 520 and UE 510. The SF 530 obtains assistance information from the RS Rx UE 510 and / or the BS 520.
[0151] In some examples, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include radio resource information (e.g., resource congestion level, remaining radio resource ratio, whether resource is sufficient or shortage) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include BS computation overload (assuming measuring / processing sensing specific RS may require more computation) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include an interference level (assuming sensing specific RS may have better anti-interference performance) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include a UE distribution level (assuming a uniform UE distribution is more likely to cause uniform communication RS, thus beneficial to the sensing performance in the case of using communication RS to support sensing function) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include a UE density (assuming a large UE density is more likely to cause sufficient communication RS, thus beneficial to the sensing performance in the case of using communication RS to support sensing) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include available / updated sensing UE information (e.g., BS 520 may send available / updated sensing UE information periodically to SF 530 or along with sensing report to the SF 530) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 may include a request / indication of using single RS to support sensing and communication from BS 520.
[0152] In some examples, the assistance information received from BS 520 or UE 510 may include UE location. Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 or UE 510 may include UE mobility state (e.g., static, high speed, media speed, low speed) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from BS 520 or UE 510 may include existing RS information (RS type, RS pattern, RS periodicity, etc. ) associated with all or part of UE 510. In the case that existing RS information is provided from BS 520 to SF 530, SF 530 may first send some requirements to the BS 520 (e.g., required sensing QoS, required sensing area, etc. ) , so that BS 520 may select a part of UE 510 and report their information.
[0153] In some examples, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE sensing capability. Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE computation capability / overload. Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE requirement for data rate and / or latency (e.g., the UE 510 with higher requirement for data rate and / or latency may prefer using single / integrated RS resource (set) , as sensing specific RS may occupy more resources) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE energy status (e.g., if UE energy is low, it may prefer using single RS resource (set) to support sensing and communication) .
[0154] In a second example, the BS 520 determines whether to use single RS resource / RS resource set to support both sensing and communication based on the assistance information from SF 530 and UE 510. The BS 520 obtains assistance information from the RS Rx UE 510 and / or the SF 530.
[0155] In some examples, the assistance information received from SF 530 may include an explicit indication from SF 530 (e.g., an indication that the sensing use case / requirement is suitable to use single / integrated RS resource (set) ) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from SF 530 may include specific sensing requirements from SF 530 (e.g., sensing bandwidth requirements, sensing resolution requirements, sensing refreshing rate requirements)
[0156] In some examples, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE sensing capability. Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE computation capability / overload. Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE requirement for data rate and / or latency (e.g., the UE 510 with higher requirement for data rate and / or latency may prefer using single / integrated RS resource (set) , as sensing specific RS may occupy more resources) . Alternatively or additionally, the assistance information received from UE 510 may include UE energy status (e.g., if UE energy is low, it may prefer using single RS resource (set) to support sensing and communication) .
[0157] The assistance information may be interacted during sensing entity selection or additionally requested. If the assistance information is interacted during sensing entity selection, the information specific to RS determination may be indicated.
[0158] Then, BS 520 (at step 502a) or SF 530 (at step 502b) determines whether to use single RS resource (set) to support sensing and communication simultaneously, based on the received assistance information
[0159] At step 503, the network selects RS Rx UE 510 and exchange information between BS 520 and SF 530.
[0160] In a first example, if SF 530 determines to use single RS to support both sensing and communication, SF 530 may select RS Rx UE 510 and send information to the BS 520 (s) . The information may include at least one of the following: an indication of using single / integrated RS resource / resource set to support sensing and communication simultaneously (e.g., an ID will be used for RS resource ID or RS resource set ID) , the selected sensing UE 510 or the selected RS associated with the sensing UE 510.
[0161] In a second example, if BS 520 selects RS Rx UE 510, BS 520 may send the information of the selected UE to the SF 530.
[0162] At step 504, SF 530 or BS 520 provides sensing related measurement configuration and reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 510.
[0163] In a first embodiment, BS 520 provides all the measurement and reporting configurations to the RS Rx UE 510.
[0164] In a first example embodiment, one RS resource configuration is associated with one reporting configuration, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3A. The RS resource configuration may be indicated by resource ID / index, measurement object (MO) ID, RS type indication, etc. An ID / indication may be indicated by measurement ID, and can link the RS resource configuration and the reporting configuration. The reporting configuration for both communication measurement and sensing measurement may be indicated by a report ID or report configuration ID. The reporting configuration for both communication measurement and sensing measurement may include the communication and sensing measurement quantities / metrics to be reported, e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, available SINR, doppler, angle, distance, etc. The reporting configuration for both communication measurement and sensing measurement may also include report criterion, report period / duration / time, etc.
[0165] The RS Rx UE 510 does not differentiate measurement data for communication and sensing, and reports the measurement data to the BS 520. Upon receiving the measurement data, BS 520 extracts measurement data for sensing based on the sensing related measurement quantities, which may be provided by the SF 530. BS 520 may transfer the sensing data to the SF 530 based on the reporting configuration provided by the SF 530.
[0166] In a second example embodiment, one RS resource configuration is associated with sensing reporting configuration and communication reporting configuration, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3B. The RS resource configuration may include the RS resource for both communication and sensing, and the RS resource for sensing only. In some examples, the sensing reporting configuration may indicate whether sensing-only RS resource (if any) is activated or not. In some alternative examples, (de) activation of the sensing-only RS resource (if any) may be based on additional signalling (e.g., MAC CE, DCI, etc. ) .
[0167] The sensing reporting configuration may indicate at least one of the following: whether the sensing-only RS resource (if any) is activated or not (to satisfy dynamic sensing requirement) ; the recipient of sensing data (e.g., SF 530 or BS 520) ; which layer used to report (e.g., Layer 1 (physical layer) / Layer 2 (MAC layer) / Layer 3 (RRC layer) ) ; reporting quantity (e.g., doppler, angle, distance, etc. ) ; report data level (e.g., sensing result or measurement data) ; report duration / period / time; the RS type to be measured (e.g., CSI-RS, PRS) ; report criterion (e.g., periodically or triggering events) . Examples of the report triggering event may be that the amount of sensing data is higher than a threshold, the measurement quantity / metric is larger or lower than a threshold, etc.
[0168] In some examples, RS Rx UE 510 reports both communication measurement data and sensing measurement data to the BS 520. BS 520 needs to differentiate them based on the explicit indication (e.g., measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, message type, etc. ) or implicit indication (e.g., which layer) , and BS 520 needs to transfer the sensing measurement data to the SF 530.
[0169] In some alternative examples, RS Rx UE 510 reports sensing measurement data to the SF 530. SF 530 associates the data with the sensing service / task via a specific ID (e.g., measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, task ID, session ID, etc. ) .
[0170] For example, BS 520 informs SF 530 the measurement ID / report ID / report configuration ID after providing the configuration to the RS Rx UE 510. In this way, SF 530 can associate the data and the service when receiving the sensing data from RS Rx UE 510 with same ID. In another example, BS 520 indicates the task ID / session ID / service ID when transferring the sensing measurement data to the SF 530.
[0171] In a third example embodiment, one default RS resource configuration is associated with one communication reporting configuration and one sensing reporting configuration. Other sensing-only RS resource configuration is also associated with the sensing reporting configuration, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3C. In some examples, the sensing reporting configuration may indicate whether sensing-only RS resource configuration is activated or not (to satisfy dynamic sensing requirement) . In some alternative examples, (de) activation of the sensing-only RS resource configuration may be based on additional signalling.
[0172] In a fourth example embodiment, communication and sensing measurement configuration and reporting configuration are totally separated, e.g., as shown in FIG. 3D. The communication RS resource configuration and sensing RS resource configuration may include same or different RS resources. For example, the two RS configuration may include same RS resource, e.g., RS resource#1. The sensing RS configuration may additionally include more resources (e.g., RS resource#2, RS resource#3) to satisfy the sensing requirement.
[0173] In a second embodiment, BS 520 provides measurement configuration and communication reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 510, and SF 530 provides sensing reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 510. The measurement configuration provided by BS 520 may include at least one of the following: the RS resource to be measured (which may be indicated by resource ID or resource index or MO ID) ; the measurement duration; or the measurement period.
[0174] The sensing reporting configuration from SF 530 may be indicated by a report ID / report configuration ID. The sensing reporting configuration from SF 530 may include at least one of the following: reporting quantities to be reported (e.g., doppler, distance, angle, etc. ) ; a report data level (e.g., sensing result or measurement data) ; reporting duration / period / time; report criterion.
[0175] In a first example, to associate the measurement configuration and sensing reporting configuration, BS 520 indicates sensing report ID / report configuration ID when providing measurement configuration to RS Rx UE 510. SF 530 informs the sensing related report ID / report configuration ID to the BS 520 before BS 520 provides measurement configuration to the RS Rx UE 510.
[0176] In a second example, to associate the measurement configuration and sensing reporting configuration, SF 530 indicates resource ID / index or MO ID when providing sensing reporting configuration to RS Rx UE 510. BS 520 informs the resource ID / index or MO ID to the SF 530 before SF 530 provides sensing reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 510.
[0177] In a third example, to associate the measurement configuration and sensing reporting configuration, BS 520 and SF 530 indicate a same ID or indication when providing measurement configuration and sensing reporting configuration. The same ID / indication may be sensing service ID, task ID, transaction ID, process ID, session ID, etc. BS or SF 530 determines the ID and informs the other one.
[0178] When detecting same ID / indication (e.g., report ID / report configuration ID, resource ID / index, MO ID, service ID, task ID, transaction ID, process ID, session ID, etc. ) in both measurement configuration from BS 520 and reporting configuration from SF 530, RS Rx UE 510 can associate them and perform measurement and reporting as configured.
[0179] RS Rx UE 510 generates communication measurement data based on the reporting configuration provided by the BS 520, and sends the communication measurement data to the BS 520. RS Rx UE 510 generates sensing measurement data based on the reporting configuration provided by the SF 530, and sends the sensing measurement data to the SF 530.
[0180] At step 505, RS Rx UE 510 sends sensing measurement data to the BS 520 or SF 530 based on the reporting configuration. If RS Rx UE 510 reports the sensing measurement data to the BS 520, BS 520 may transfer the sensing measurement data to the SF 530.
[0181] At step 506, if SF 530 determines that the sensing result associated with the RS resource is not good / cannot satisfy the requirement, SF 530 may trigger BS 520 to perform RS reconfiguration. When BS 520 or RS Rx UE 510 reports sensing data to the SF 530, it associates the RS resource with the sensing report by adding an indication / ID in the sensing report. The indication / ID may be RS resource index, MO ID, measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, transaction ID, process ID, service ID, task ID, session ID, RS type, etc.
[0182] SF 530 sends a triggering signalling to the BS 520. The triggering signalling may include at least one of the following: the indication / ID (e.g., RS resource index, MO ID, measurement ID, report ID, report configuration ID, transaction ID, process ID, service ID, task ID, session ID, RS type, etc. ) ; the request to reconfigure RS; the indication that the sensing result associated with the RS is not good / cannot satisfy the requirement; the suggestion to change RS periodicity; or the suggestion to use sensing specific RS.
[0183] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a process 600 for multi-static BS→UE sensing mode in which multiple BSs / cells / TRPs send RS to UE. The process 600 may be regarded as a specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2. The process 600 involves a RS Rx UE 610, a serving BS 620, neighbour BS (s) (or cell (s) / TRP (s) ) 621 and a SF 630. The RS Rx UE 610, the BS 620 and the SF 630 may be regarded as a specific example of the UE 210, the base station 220 and the core network entity 230 in FIG. 2, respectively. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 6 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that process 600 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0184] As shown in FIG. 6, at step 601, SF 630 obtains assistance information from BSs and UEs. The contents of assistance information may be similar with the assistance information obtained by SF from RS Rx UE and / or BS in the step 501 in the process 500 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0185] At step 602, SF 630 determines whether to use single RS to support sensing and communication simultaneously, based on the received assistance information.
[0186] At step 603, SF 630 sends an indication and other information to the serving BS 620 (and neighbour BSs / cells / TRPs 621) . The indication may indicate to use single / integrated RS resource (set) to support both sensing and communication. Other information may include at least one of the following: neighbour BS / cell / TRP information, available RS information or resource of neighbour BS / cell / TRP, or the information of the selected UE.
[0187] At step 604, the serving BS 620 may obtain available RS information from neighbour BSs / cells / TRPs 621 via BS-BS interface if not provided by SF 630, and then serving BS 620 may determine the RS to be used.
[0188] At step 605, the SF 630 and / or the serving BS 620 provides sensing related measurement configuration and reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 610.
[0189] The serving BS 620 provides RS resource configuration to the RS Rx UE 610. In a first example, one RS resource configuration includes RS resources of multiple BSs. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the relationship between cell ID / BS ID / TRP ID and RS resource may be indicated in one MO. In a second example, one RS resource configuration includes the RS resource of one BS / cell / TRP. The RS resources of different BSs are indicated in different configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, MO#1 includes RS resource for BS#1, MO#2 includes RS resource for BS#2, and so on.
[0190] The serving BS 620 or SF 630 provides sensing reporting configuration to the RS Rx UE 610. The association between RS resource configuration and reporting configuration may be implemented similar to the first and second embodiments at step 504 in the process 500 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0191] Then, RS Rx UE 610 sends sensing measurement data to the serving BS 620 (e.g., at step 606a) or SF 630 (e.g., at step 606b) based on the reporting configuration. If RS Rx UE 610 reports the sensing measurement data to the serving BS 620, BS 620 may transfer the sensing measurement data to the SF 630.
[0192] At step 607, if SF 630 determines that that the sensing result associated with the RS resource is not good / cannot satisfy the requirement, the SF 630 may trigger serving BS and / or neighbour BS to perform RS reconfiguration.
[0193] If neighbour BS 621 is triggered to reconfigure RS resource, it needs to send updated RS resource to serving BS 620 via BS-BS interface or via SF 630, so that serving BS 620 can provide updated configuration to the RS Rx UE 610. Other aspects related to RS reconfiguration are similar to step 506 in the process 500 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0194] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a process 700 for UE→BS sensing mode. The process 700 may be regarded as a specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2. The process 700 involves a RS Tx UE 710, a BS 720 and a SF 730. The RS Tx UE 710, the BS 720 and the SF 730 may be regarded as a specific example of the UE 210, the base station 220 and the core network entity 230 in FIG. 2, respectively. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 7 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that process 700 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0195] Steps 701 and 702a / 702b are similar to steps 501 and 502a / 502b in the process 500 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0196] At step 703, the network selects RS Tx UE 710 and exchanges information between BS 720 and SF 730.
[0197] In a first example, if SF 730 determines using single RS to support sensing and communication, SF 730 may select RS Tx UEs and send information to the BS (s) . The information may include at least one of the following: an indication of using single / integrated RS resource (set) to support sensing and communication simultaneously; the selected sensing UEs; or the selected RS associated with the sensing UE.
[0198] In a second example, if BS 720 selects RS Tx UEs, it may send the information of the selected UE to the SF 730.
[0199] At step 704, BS 720 provides integrated RS configuration to the selected RS Tx UE 710. The RS configuration may include the RS resource ID or RS resource index, RS pattern, RS periodicity, etc. If existing RS is reused to support sensing, then there is no need to inform RS Tx UE 710 as the UE 710 is already transmitting the RS. In this case, step 704 can be skipped.
[0200] At step 705, SF 730 may provide measurement and reporting configuration to the BS 710. The measurement and reporting configuration may include at least one of the following: sensing related measurement quantity / metric to be reported (e.g., doppler, angle, distance, etc. ) ; sensing related measurement periodicity / duration; report data level, e.g., sensing result or measurement data; report criterion (e.g., periodically or event-triggered) ; or report duration / period / time, etc.
[0201] At step 706, BS 720 reports sensing measurement data to the SF 730 based on the configuration. Step 707 is similar to step 506 in the process 500 in FIG. 5, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0202] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a process 800 for multi-static UE→BS sensing mode in which RS Tx UE sends RS to multiple BSs / cells / TRPs. The process 800 may be regarded as a specific example of the process 200 in FIG. 2. The process 800 involves a RS Tx UE 810, a serving BS 820, neighbour BS (s) (or cell (s) / TRP (s) ) 821 and a SF 830. The RS Tx UE 810, the BS 820 and the SF 830 may be regarded as a specific example of the UE 210, the base station 220 and the core network entity 230 in FIG. 2, respectively. It is to be understood that the steps and the order of the steps in FIG. 8 are merely for illustration, and not for limitation. It is to be understood that process 800 may further include additional blocks not shown and / or omit some shown blocks, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0203] Steps 801, 802 and 803 are similar to steps 601, 602 and 603 in the process 600 in FIG. 6, respectively, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0204] At step 804 and step 805, the network exchanges available RS information or resource information, and provide integrated RS configuration to the selected RS Tx UE 810.
[0205] In a first example, the serving BS 820 obtains available RS configuration or resource from neighbour BSs / cell / TRPs 821 via BS-BS interface or via SF 830, and sends determined RS configuration to the RS Tx UE 810.
[0206] In a second example, the SF 830 obtains available BS configuration or resource from BSs / cell / TRPs 820 and 821, and sends determined RS configuration to the RS Tx UE 810. The RS configuration may include at least one of the following: RS configuration ID, RS resource ID or RS resource index, RS pattern, RS periodicity, etc. If existing RS is reused to support sensing, then there is no need to inform RS Tx UE 810 as the UE 810 is already transmitting the RS. In this case, step 805 can be skipped.
[0207] At step 806, SF 830 may provide measurement and reporting configuration to the BSs / cells / TRPs 820 and 821. The contents of configuration are similar as step 705 in the process 700 in FIG. 7, and detailed description thereof may be omitted.
[0208] At step 807, the serving BS 820 and neighbour BSs / cells / TRPs 821 report sensing measurement data to the SF 830 based on the configuration. At step 808, if SF 830 determines that the sensing result associated with the RS resource is not good / cannot satisfy the requirement, SF 830 may trigger serving BS 820 to perform RS reconfiguration. Upon serving BS 820 reconfigures RS resource, it needs to inform neighbour BS / cell / TRP 821 via BS-BS interface or via SF 830, so that neighbour BS / cell / TRP 821 can update its measurement configuration.
[0209] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a device 900 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 900 may be an example of a UE 210, a base station 220 or a core network entity 230 as described herein. The device 900 may support wireless communication with one or more UEs, base stations or core network entities, or any combination thereof. The device 900 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 902, a memory 904, a transceiver 906, and, optionally, an I / O controller 908. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0210] The processor 902, the memory 904, the transceiver 906, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 902, the memory 904, the transceiver 906, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0211] In some implementations, the processor 902, the memory 904, the transceiver 906, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 902 and the memory 904 coupled with the processor 902 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 902, instructions stored in the memory 904) .
[0212] For example, the processor 902 may support wireless communication at the device 900 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 902 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and a means for transmitting, to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations.
[0213] In another example, the processor 902 may support wireless communication at the device 900 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 902 may be configured to operable to support a means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; a means for receiving, from the UE, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations; and a means for transmitting, to a core network entity, sensing measurement data based on the received single RS or the received sensing measurement data.
[0214] In another example, the processor 902 may support wireless communication at the device 900 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 902 may be configured to operable to support a means for transmitting, to at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station, information associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and a means for receiving, from the UE or the base station, sensing measurement data.
[0215] The processor 902 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 902 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 902. The processor 902 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 904) to cause the device 900 to perform various functions of the present disclosure such that the device 900 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.
[0216] The memory 904 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 902 cause the device 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 902 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 904 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0217] The I / O controller 908 may manage input and output signals for the device 900. The I / O controller 908 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 908 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 908 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 908 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 906. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 900 via the I / O controller 908 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 908.
[0218] In some implementations, the device 900 may include a single antenna 910. However, in some other implementations, the device 900 may have more than one antenna 910 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 906 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 910, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 906 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 906 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 910 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 910. The transceiver 906 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0219] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 910 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0220] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 910 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0221] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a processor 1000 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1000 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1000 may be implemented in a device or its components as described herein. For example, the device may be an example of a UE 210, a base station 220 or a core network entity 230 as described herein. The processor 1000 may include a controller 1002 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1000 may optionally include at least one memory 1004, such as L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1000 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1006. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0222] The processor 1000 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1000) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0223] The controller 1002 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1000 to cause the processor 1000 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1002 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1000, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1000. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0224] The controller 1002 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1004 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1000 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1002 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1004. The controller 1002 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1002 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1000 to cause the processor 1000 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1002 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1000. The controller 1002 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1000.
[0225] The memory 1004 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1000 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1004 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1000) . In some other implementations, the memory 1004 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1000) .
[0226] The memory 1004 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1000, cause the processor 1000 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1002 and / or the processor 1000 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1004 to cause the processor 1000 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 1000 and / or the controller 1002 may be coupled with or to the memory 1004, and the processor 1000, the controller 1002, and the memory 1004 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1000 may include multiple processors and the memory 1004 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0227] The one or more ALUs 1006 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1006 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1000) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1006 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1000) . One or more ALUs 1006 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1006 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1006 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1006 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1006 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0228] For example, the processor 1000 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1000 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and a means for transmitting, to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations.
[0229] In another example, the processor 1000 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1000 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; a means for receiving, from the UE, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations; and a means for transmitting, to a core network entity, sensing measurement data based on the received single RS or the received sensing measurement data.
[0230] In another example, the processor 1000 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1000 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting, to at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station, information associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; and a means for receiving, from the UE or the base station, sensing measurement data.
[0231] FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1100 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be performed by a UE 210 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0232] At 1105, the method may include receiving, from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function. The operations of 1105 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0233] At 1110, the method may include transmitting, to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations. The operations of 1110 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0234] FIG. 12 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1200 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a base station 220 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0235] At 1205, the method may include transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0236] At 1210, the method may include receiving, from the UE, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0237] At 1215, the method may include transmitting, to a core network entity, sensing measurement data based on the received single RS or the received sensing measurement data. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0238] FIG. 13 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1300 that supports sensing measurement and reporting in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a core network entity 230 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0239] At 1305, the method may include transmitting, to at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station, information associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0240] At 1310, the method may include receiving, from the UE or the base station, sensing measurement data. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0241] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0242] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0243] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0244] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0245] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0246] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor;a transceiver coupled to the processor; andwherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; andtransmit, via the transceiver to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is a RS receiving (Rx) UE, and the configurations comprise one or multiple RS resource configurations and one or multiple reporting configurations for the plurality of functions received from the base station.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with the one reporting configuration for the plurality of functions among the one or multiple reporting configurations,wherein the one RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource for the plurality of functions,wherein the one RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following:at least one resource identity (ID) ,at least one resource index,at least one measurement object ID, orat least one RS type indication;wherein the one RS resource configuration is associated with the one reporting configuration based on an additional ID or an additional indication.4.The UE of claim 2, wherein one RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations,wherein the one RS resource configuration is associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication,wherein the one RS resource configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication,wherein the one RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource for the plurality of functions and a RS resource specific for sensing,wherein the one RS resource configuration is indicated by one of the following:at least one resource ID,at least one resource index,at least one measurement object ID, orat least one RS type indication.5.The UE of claim 4, wherein the second reporting configuration comprises an indication of whether the RS resource specific for sensing is activated or not, orwherein the RS resource specific for sensing is activated or deactivated based on an additional indication received from the base station.6.The UE of claim 4, wherein the second reporting configuration comprises at least one of the following:an indication of whether a recipient of the sensing measurement data is the base station or the core network entity;an indication of a layer used to report the sensing measurement data;at least one RS type to be measured;a report data level;at least one report criterion;a report duration;a report periodicity; ora report time.7.The UE of claim 4, wherein the sensing measurement data and communication measurement data are transmitted to the base station, wherein at least one of the following:wherein the communication measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data is associated with at least one of a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID or a message type associated with the sensing function; orwherein the communication measurement data is transmitted to the base station in a layer associated with the communication function; and the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the base station in a layer associated with the sensing function.8.The UE of claim 4, wherein the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the core network entity,wherein the sensing measurement data is associated with at least one ID associated with the sensing function,wherein the at least one ID associated with the sensing function comprises at least one of the following: a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID.9.The UE of claim 2, wherein one default RS resource configuration among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function among the one or multiple reporting configurations,wherein a RS resource configuration specific for sensing among the one or multiple RS resource configurations is associated with the second reporting configuration,wherein the one default RS resource configuration is associated with the first reporting configuration based on a first additional ID or a first additional indication,wherein the one default RS resource configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a second additional ID or a second additional indication,wherein the RS resource configuration specific for sensing is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a third additional ID or a third additional indication.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is RS Rx UE, and the configurations comprise a measurement configuration, a first reporting configuration for a communication function and a second reporting configuration for the sensing function,wherein the measurement configuration and the first reporting configuration are received from the base station;wherein the second reporting configuration are received from the core network entity.11.The UE of claim 10, wherein the measurement configuration is associated with the second reporting configuration based on a same ID comprised in the measurement configuration and the second reporting configuration,wherein the same ID comprises one of the following: a reporting configuration ID, a measurement object ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, or a session ID.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is RS Rx UE, the base station is a serving base station of the UE, and the configurations comprise at least one measurement configuration associated with a plurality of base stations,wherein the at least one measurement configuration is received from the serving base station,wherein the at least one measurement configuration comprises one of the following:one RS resource configuration, wherein the one RS resource configuration comprises a plurality of RS resources of the plurality of base stations; ora plurality of RS resource configurations, wherein each RS resource configuration comprises a RS resource of one base station of the plurality of base stations.13.A base station comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor;wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, via the transceiver to a user equipment (UE) , configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function;receive, via the transceiver from the UE, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations; andtransmit, via the transceiver to a core network entity, sensing measurement data based on the received single RS or the received sensing measurement data.14.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions,wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, via the transceiver from at least one of the UE or the core network entity, assistance information; anddetermine whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information,wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following:an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions;sensing requirements;requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE;a sensing capability of the UE;a computation capability of the UE;a computation overload of the UE; oran energy status of the UE.15.The base station of claim 13, wherein the configurations are first configurations, the UE is a RS transmission (Tx) UE,wherein the single RS is received from the UE, and the sensing measurement data is transmitted to the core network entity based on the received single RS and second configurations for the sensing function received from the core network entity,wherein the second configurations for the sensing function comprise at least one of the following:at least one measurement metric;a measurement periodicity;a measurement duration;a report data level;at least one report criterion;a report duration;a report periodicity; ora report time.16.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, via the transceiver from the core network entity, information associated with a RS reconfiguration for the sensing function; andtransmit, via the transceiver to the UE, reconfigurations for the sensing function, the reconfigurations for the sensing function are determined based on the information associated with the RS reconfiguration,wherein the information associated with the RS reconfiguration comprises at least one of the following:an indication of triggering the RS reconfiguration,a request to reconfigure a RS for the sensing function;an indication that the sensing measurement data does not satisfy sensing requirements;an indication of a RS resource that does not satisfy sensing requirements;a request to change a RS periodicity; ora request to use a RS resource specific for sensing.17.A core network entity comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to:wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, to at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station, information associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; andreceive, from the UE or the base station, sensing measurement data.18.The core network entity of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions,wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from at least one of the UE or the base station, assistance information; anddetermine whether to use the single RS to support the plurality of functions based on the assistance information,wherein the assistance information comprises at least one of the following:an indication or a request of using the single RS to support the plurality of functions;radio resource information;a UE distribution levela UE density;existing communication RS information;an interference level;a computation overload of the base station;available sensing UE information;requirements on at least one of a data rate or latency of the UE;a mobility state of the UE;location information of the UE;a sensing capability of the UE;a computation capability of the UE;a computation overload of the UE; oran energy status of the UE.19.The core network entity of claim 17, wherein the sensing measurement data comprises at least one of the following: at least one resource ID, at least one resource index, at least one measurement object ID, a measurement ID, a reporting configuration ID, a sensing service ID, a sensing task ID, a transaction ID, a procedure ID, a session ID, or at least one RS type indication.20.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:receive, from at least one of a base station or a core network entity, configurations associated with a single reference signal (RS) supporting a plurality of functions comprising a sensing function; andtransmit, to at least one of the base station or the core network entity, the single RS or sensing measurement data based on the configurations.