Printed material and solar cell module

Abstract

One aspect of the present disclosure is a printed material (10) that comprises a first translucent base material (1) that has a first surface (1a) and a second surface (1b), a surface protection layer (4) that is provided on the first surface (1a) side of the first translucent base material (1), a patterned printed layer (3) that is provided on the second surface (1b) side of the first translucent base material (1), and a second translucent base material (2) that is provided on the second surface (1b) side of the first translucent base material (1). The surface protection layer (4) has an uneven shape at a surface that faces away from the first translucent base material (1).

Description

Printed materials and solar cell modules

[0001] This disclosure relates to printed materials and solar cell modules.

[0002] With the aim of achieving carbon neutrality and a decarbonized society by 2050, the widespread adoption of ZEB (Net Zero Energy Buildings), which can significantly reduce energy consumption in buildings, is required. A ZEB is a building that aims to achieve a net-zero balance of primary energy consumption over the year while providing a comfortable indoor environment. Because people are active inside buildings, it is impossible to completely eliminate energy consumption, but by reducing energy use through energy conservation and generating energy to meet the needs, it is possible to achieve net-zero energy consumption.

[0003] Energy generation methods that do not use fossil fuels include, for example, solar power generation, wind power generation, and biomass power generation. Considering the installation location and cost, solar power generation is the most suitable energy generation method for buildings.

[0004] The rooftop area of ​​the building was occupied by outdoor units for air conditioning and other equipment, so in order to generate electricity, it was necessary to install solar panels on the walls other than the roof.

[0005] Incidentally, printed materials are sometimes combined with solar cells to enhance their aesthetic appeal. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a decorative laminated film for a specific solar cell module having a protective film, a hard coat layer, a decorative layer, a support layer, and an adhesive layer.

[0006] Patent No. 7497535

[0007] [First Challenge] Solar cell modules generate electricity by receiving sunlight, but they are required to have minimal reflection of sunlight. Also, because solar cell modules generate electricity by receiving sunlight, there is a problem that sunlight is blocked, which reduces the power generation efficiency.

[0008] One aspect of this disclosure provides a solar cell module that has sufficient power generation efficiency while suppressing reflected light. Another aspect of this disclosure provides printed materials that make such a solar cell module possible.

[0009] [Second Problem] The inventors have investigated a solar cell module comprising a backing material, solar cells and a sealing layer, a printed material, and a surface plate in this order, wherein the printed material comprises a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer. In the manufacture of such a solar cell module, the module is pressed at a high temperature to melt the sealing material, which acts as an adhesive during manufacturing. During this pressing, the translucent substrate shrinks, and unevenness due to this shrinkage can be observed from the surface plate side, which may impair the design.

[0010] Another aspect of this disclosure provides a solar cell module that is less prone to shrinkage-induced unevenness and has sufficient power generation efficiency. Furthermore, another aspect of this disclosure provides a printed material that makes such a solar cell module feasible.

[0011] To solve the above problems, one aspect of this disclosure provides a printed material comprising: a first translucent substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a surface protection layer provided on the first surface side of the first translucent substrate; a pattern printing layer provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate; and a second translucent substrate provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate, wherein the surface protection layer has an uneven shape on the surface facing away from the first translucent substrate. In the printed material, the surface protection layer has an uneven shape on the surface facing away from the first translucent substrate. As a result, the printed material has excellent anti-glare properties. Furthermore, when such a printed material is used in a solar cell module, a solar cell module with sufficient power generation efficiency can be obtained while suppressing reflected light. In addition, the printed material can provide aesthetic appeal to the object to which it is applied. Furthermore, when such a printed material is used in a solar cell module, unevenness due to shrinkage is less visible, and a solar cell module with sufficient power generation efficiency can be obtained.

[0012] The above surface protective layer contains an acrylic resin and a hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber, wherein the acrylic resin contains structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and the content of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber in the surface protective layer may be 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin. As a result, the printed material tends to have excellent weather resistance.

[0013] The hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber contained in the above surface protective layer may contain the compound shown in formula (A1) below. This tends to give the printed material excellent weather resistance.

[0014]

[0015] The above-mentioned first translucent substrate may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (B1). As a result, the printed material tends to have excellent weather resistance.

[0016] [In general formula (B1), R １ , R ２ and R ３ Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, or an alkoxy group, and at least two are alkoxy groups having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ４ and R ５ Each of these independently represents a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, or a hydrogen atom, and R ６ , R ７ and R ８ Each of these independently represents either a methyl group or a hydrogen atom.

[0017] The above-described pattern printing layer comprises a first-color pattern layer composed of a plurality of first-color dots, and a second-color pattern layer provided on the first-color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of second-color dots, wherein each of the plurality of first-color dots includes a first-color binder and a plurality of first-color pigment chips dispersed inside the first-color binder, and each of the plurality of second-color dots includes a second-color binder and a plurality of second-color pigment chips dispersed inside the second-color binder, and either the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a plurality of first interference pigments of multiple colors that each generate different first interference light, and the other of the plurality of first-color pigment chips or the plurality of second-color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a single-color second interference light different from the color mixing shown by the plurality of first interference pigments, and the plurality of first interference light and the second interference light may be additively mixed.

[0018] The above-mentioned printed material further comprises a white pattern layer provided on the above-mentioned second-color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of silver dots, and each of the plurality of silver dots may contain a silver binder and a plurality of silver pigment chips dispersed inside the silver binder.

[0019] The above-mentioned printed material may further include a transparent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the first translucent substrate relative to the above-mentioned pattern printing layer.

[0020] Each of the above-mentioned first interference pigment and second interference pigment may contain titanium dioxide-coated mica with a particle size of 25 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

[0021] The content of the above-mentioned plurality of first-color pigment chips is within the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the first-color binder is 100 parts by mass, and the content of the above-mentioned plurality of second-color pigment chips may be within the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the second-color binder is 100 parts by mass.

[0022] Another aspect of this disclosure provides a solar cell module comprising a solar cell and the printed material disposed on the light-receiving side of the solar cell. Such a solar cell module has sufficient power generation efficiency while suppressing reflected light. Furthermore, such a solar cell module has a design that blends in with the surrounding landscape.

[0023] The above-described solar cell module comprises multiple solar cells, and the printed material may further include a concealing printed layer that conceals the wiring patterns of the photoelectric conversion layers of the solar cells and the gaps between the solar cells. Such a solar cell module can conceal the wiring patterns and the gaps between the solar cells without blocking sunlight. Therefore, such a solar cell module has both excellent power generation efficiency and excellent design.

[0024] The above-described solar cell module may comprise the backing material, the solar cells and sealing layer, the front panel, and the printed material in this order. Such a solar cell module has sufficient power generation efficiency while suppressing reflected light. Furthermore, such a solar cell module has a design that blends in with the surrounding landscape.

[0025] The above-described solar cell module may comprise the backing material, the solar cells and sealing layer, the printed material, and the front panel in this order. Such a solar cell module is less prone to showing unevenness due to shrinkage and has sufficient power generation efficiency. Furthermore, such a solar cell module has a design that blends in with the surrounding landscape.

[0026] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a solar cell module is provided that has sufficient power generation efficiency while suppressing reflected light. According to another aspect of this disclosure, a printed material is provided that enables the realization of such a solar cell module. According to yet another aspect of this disclosure, a solar cell module is provided that has sufficient power generation efficiency and in which unevenness due to shrinkage is less visible. According to yet another aspect of this disclosure, a printed material is provided that enables the realization of such a solar cell module.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a printed matter included in the solar cell module shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a solar cell module according to another embodiment.

[0028] Hereinafter, embodiments of the printed matter and the solar cell module according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted as appropriate. The drawings may be drawn with some parts simplified or exaggerated for ease of understanding, and dimensional ratios and the like are not limited to those described in the drawings.

[0029] [First Embodiment] Embodiments of the printed matter and the solar cell module according to an embodiment (first embodiment) will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the solar cell module according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the printed matter included in the solar cell module shown in FIG. 1.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell module 100 includes a solar cell SC, a backsheet 110, a sealing material layer 111, a surface plate 112, and a printed matter 10. A thin plate-shaped solar cell SC is placed on the backsheet 110 in a state of being embedded in the sealing material layer 111 with its light-receiving surface facing upward. A surface plate 112 is laminated and adhered on the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell SC for the purpose of protecting the solar cell SC. The printed matter 10 is laminated on the surface plate 112 for the purpose of coloring the solar cell module 100. The printed matter 10 is the outermost surface on one side in the solar cell module 100. The solar cell module 100 includes the backsheet 110, the solar cell SC and the sealing material layer 111, the surface plate 112, and the printed matter 10 in this order.

[0031] The solar cell SC may be a photoelectric conversion element that generates electricity by absorbing light of wavelengths mainly in the visible light region, formed in the form of a thin plate with a thickness of about 0.2 mm from crystalline or amorphous silicon, thin film silicon, perovskite, chalcopyrite, group III-V silicon, CdTe, CIS, etc. The encapsulating layer 111 may be made of a transparent material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyolefin resin, ionomer resin, or silicone resin, surrounding the solar cell SC as shown in the figure, and formed in a layer with a thickness of about 1 mm.

[0032] The back material 110 may be made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, glass, or metal (such as aluminum) formed in layers, film form, or plate form. The front plate 112 may be a plate-shaped member made of a transparent material such as polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, or glass to a thickness of about 3 mm. The front plate 112 and the sealing material layer 111, and the back material 110 and the sealing material layer 111 may be bonded together by the adhesive strength of the sealing material layer 111.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2, the printed material 10 is a sheet for displaying a pattern. The printed material 10 comprises a first translucent substrate 1 having a first surface 1a and a second surface 1b, a surface protection layer 4 provided on the first surface 1a side of the first translucent substrate 1, a pattern printing layer 3 provided on the second surface 1b side of the first translucent substrate 1, and a second translucent substrate 2 provided on the second surface 1b side of the first translucent substrate. The printed material 10 comprises the surface protection layer 4, the first translucent substrate 1, the second translucent substrate 2, and the pattern printing layer 3 in this order. The surface protection layer 4 has an uneven shape on the surface facing away from the first translucent substrate 1. In the solar cell module 100, the printed material 10 is arranged such that the pattern printing layer 3 is located on the surface plate 112 side and the surface protection layer 4 is the outermost surface of the solar cell module 100.

[0034] The total light transmittance of the printed material 10 is, for example, 30% to 70%. In particular, it may be 50% or more in order to suppress a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module 100. The total light transmittance referred to here means the value measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, a spectrophotometer UV-3600 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).

[0035] The following describes each layer of the printed material 10.

[0036] (Surface protection layer) The surface protection layer 4 is also called the coating layer (top coat layer). The surface protection layer 4 is provided to ensure the weather resistance of the printed material 10. The surface protection layer 4 is one of the outermost surfaces of the printed material 10.

[0037] The surface protective layer 4 is made of resin. An example of the resin is acrylic resin. Examples of monomer components for acrylic resins include cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexylethyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexylpropyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexylbutyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylcyclohexane mono (meth)acrylate, dimethylcyclohexane di (meth)acrylate, trimethylcyclohexane mono (meth)acrylate, trimethylcyclohexane di (meth)acrylate, trimethylcyclohexane tri (meth)acrylate, tetramethylcyclohexane mono (meth)acrylate, tetramethylcyclohexane di (meth)acrylate, tetramethylcyclohexane tri (meth)acrylate, tetramethylcyclohexane tetra (meth)acrylate, dicyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, and methoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate. Cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate is preferred as the monomer component because it improves weather resistance. In this specification, (meth)acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate.

[0038] The content of structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate in the acrylic resin is preferably 5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, based on the total amount of acrylic resin. When the above content is 5% by mass or more, a sufficient degradation suppression effect tends to be obtained. When the above content is 50% by mass or less, it tends to be possible to impart high weather resistance over time without significantly changing the various properties of the surface protective layer 4, such as maintaining and improving surface hardness, improving stain resistance, and adjusting surface gloss.

[0039] One method for providing the surface protective layer 4 is to apply a coating liquid made from an acrylic resin composition containing an acrylic resin containing structural units derived from the above-mentioned monomer components to the outermost surface of the first translucent substrate 1 to form a coating film, and then cure the coating film. The acrylic resin composition may be, for example, a one-component curing type, a two-component curing type, or an active energy ray curing type that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light or ionizing radiation. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, the acrylic resin composition is preferably a two-component curing type or an active energy ray curing type, and from the viewpoint of processability of the printed material 10, it is more preferably a two-component curing type that is crosslinked by isocyanate curing.

[0040] In a two-component curable acrylic resin composition, it is preferable that the composition contains an acrylic resin having two or more functional groups selected from hydroxyl groups, amino groups, and carboxyl groups in one molecule, and a polyisocyanate compound having two or more isocyanate groups that can react with the functional groups in one molecule. More preferably, the two-component curable acrylic resin composition contains an acrylic polyol having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule, and a polyisocyanate compound.

[0041] As an acrylic polyol having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule, for example, a (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer obtained by polymerizing cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate with hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate as a monomer component can be used.

[0042] Examples of polyisocyanate compounds having two or more isocyanate groups in a single molecule include tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI) and their hydrogenated compounds, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and trimer types, TMP adduct types, and burette types synthesized by known techniques from one or more compounds selected from these. Furthermore, compositions obtained by mixing one or more of these different types of polyisocyanates can be used. Among these, HDI, the trimer type of HDI, the TMP adduct type, and the burette type are preferred from the viewpoint of weather resistance.

[0043] The equimopoly ratio of hydroxyl groups in the acrylic resin to the isocyanate groups in the isocyanate compound (hydroxyl groups / isocyanate groups) is preferably 1 / 1 to 1 / 3. When this equimopoly ratio is 1 / 1 or higher, crosslinking proceeds sufficiently and the desired performance tends to be further added to the surface protective layer 4.

[0044] The acrylic resin contained in the active energy curing type acrylic resin composition may include monomer components, oligomer components, etc., that have a (meth)acryloyl group. Cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate may also be used as a monomer component.

[0045] The surface protective layer 4 may contain weathering agents such as ultraviolet absorbers and radical scavengers, as this tends to improve the weather resistance of the printed material 10. Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazole-based, hydroxyphenyltriazine-based, and benzophenone-based materials, with hydroxyphenyltriazine-based materials being preferred. When the ultraviolet absorber is hydroxyphenyltriazine-based, the triazine skeleton suppresses bleeding, and the triazine skeleton is chemically more stable than benzotriazole-based or benzophenone-based skeletons, resulting in the printed material 10 tending to have excellent weather resistance over a long period of time.

[0046] Examples of hydroxyphenyltriazine-based UV absorbers include the compound represented by the following formula (A1), the compound represented by the following formula (A2), 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-5-[(hexyl)oxy]-phenol, 2-[4-[(2-hydroxy-3-tridecyloxypropyl)oxy]-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-ethyl-hexanoic acid 2-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-[1,3,5]triazine-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy]-ethyl ester, octanoic acid 2-[4-(4,6-diphenyl Examples include -[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy]-ethyl ester, 2,4,6-tris{2-(2-hydroxy-4-[1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)}-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4-isooctyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, and 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine. The compound represented by formula (A1) below is 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-5-[2-(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)ethoxy]phenol. The compound represented by formula (A2) below is 2-(2-hydroxy-4-[1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)-4,6-bis(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine. Hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorbers preferably contain the compound represented by formula (A1) below. The compound represented by formula (A1) below has high ultraviolet absorption capacity in the low wavelength region, which is relatively high energy among ultraviolet rays, and is chemically stable compared to other ultraviolet absorbers that absorb in almost the same wavelength region. Therefore, printed materials 10 tend to have excellent weather resistance over a long period of time.

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] The content of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber in the surface protective layer 4 is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of acrylic resin. When the content is 1 part by mass or more, the printed material 10 tends to have excellent weather resistance. When the content is 30 parts by mass or less, the influence on physical properties other than weather resistance of the surface protective layer 4 tends to be reduced.

[0050] It is preferable that the ultraviolet absorber contains both the compound represented by formula (A1) and the compound represented by formula (A2). The compound represented by formula (A2) is chemically stable, maintains its ultraviolet absorption performance over a long period of time, and has a light absorption peak at longer wavelengths than the compound represented by formula (A1). Therefore, by containing both the compound represented by formula (A1) and the compound represented by formula (A2) in the ultraviolet absorber, the wavelength range over which ultraviolet light is absorbed is broadened, and the printed material 10 tends to have excellent weather resistance.

[0051] It is preferable to use a combination of a hydroxyphenyltriazine-based UV absorber and a benzotriazole-based UV absorber. The benzotriazole-based UV absorber has an absorption peak at longer wavelengths than the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based UV absorber. Therefore, by using them together, the wavelength range over which ultraviolet light is absorbed can be further broadened. As a result, the printed material 10 tends to have excellent weather resistance.

[0052] The content of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber in the surface protective layer 4 is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of acrylic resin. When the content is 1 part by mass or more, the desired effect tends to be obtained more effectively. When the content is 30 parts by mass or less, the bleed-out of the weather-resistant agent tends to be suppressed.

[0053] Examples of benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers include 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-diter-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-ter-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-ter-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-dicumylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis(4-ter-octyl-6-(benzotriazolyl)phenol), and 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-ter-butyl-5'-carboxyphenyl)benzotriazole.

[0054] The surface protective layer 4 may contain a hindered amine-based radical scavenger. This tends to improve the weather resistance of the printed material 10. Examples of such radical scavengers include bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, methyl 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl sebacate, 1-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl benzoate, and bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-pi Peridyl) sebacate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate Voxylate, bis(1,2,2,4,4-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-2-butyl-2-(3,5-diter-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol / diethyl succinate polycondensate, 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane / 2,4-dichloro-6-morpholino-s-triazine polycondensate, 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane / 2,4-Dichloro-6-Tertioctylamino-s-triazine polycondensate, 1,5,8,12-Tetrakis[2,4-Bis(N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]-1,5,8,12-Tetraazadodecane, 1,5,8,12-Tetrakis[2,4-Bis(N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]-1,5,8-12-Tetraazadodecane, 1,6,11-Tris[2,Examples include the reaction products of 4-bis(N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]aminoundecane, 1,6,11-tris[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]aminoundecane, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)[[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]methyl]butylmalonatecyclohexane with N-butyl peroxide 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidineamine-2,4,6-trichloro1,3,5-triazine and 2-aminoethanol.

[0055] The radical scavenging agent content in the surface protective layer 4 is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin composition. When the content is 1 part by mass or more, the desired effect tends to be obtained. When the content is 30 parts by mass or less, the bleed-out of the weather-resistant agent can be suppressed, and the influence on other physical properties of the surface protective layer 4 tends to be minimized.

[0056] The surface protective layer 4 may contain a matting agent. For example, the matting agent is composed of silica (silicon dioxide). By having the surface protective layer 4, the printed material 10 exhibits the effect of reducing gloss.

[0057] The matting agent content may be 1% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, or 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the surface protective layer 4.

[0058] The thickness of the surface protective layer 4 may be thinner than that of the first translucent substrate 1. For example, the thickness of the surface protective layer 4 is 5 μm or more and 10 μm or less.

[0059] The surface protection layer 4 has an uneven surface on the outermost surface 4a of the printed material 10. The surface protection layer 4 has first recesses (recesses H) that constitute the uneven surface. The uneven surface is not particularly limited, but examples include wood grain, stone surface unevenness, fabric surface texture, pearlescent finish, sand texture, hairline finish, and fine grooves.

[0060] It has recesses H that constitute an uneven shape. In a cross-section extending along the thickness direction (vertical direction in Figure 2) of the printed material 10, the recesses H are, for example, V-shaped. However, the shape of the recesses H in the cross-section is not limited to a V-shape, but may be U-shaped or rectangular, and can be changed as appropriate.

[0061] The surface protection layer 4 may have a plurality of recesses H. For example, the plurality of recesses H are distributed on the surface 4a. As an example, the plurality of recesses H are distributed substantially evenly on the surface 4a. "The plurality of recesses H are distributed substantially evenly" means that the recesses are evenly distributed, and includes, for example, a state in which the recesses are arranged symmetrically to one another, a state in which the recesses are arranged in a grid pattern, a state in which the recesses are arranged in a staggered pattern, or a state in which the recesses are distributed concentrically. However, the arrangement of the recesses is not particularly limited. The arrangement of the plurality of recesses H may be adjusted depending on the configuration of the pattern printing layer 3.

[0062] For example, the depth D of the recess H may be 0.1 μm or more, 1 μm or more, or 10 μm or more, and may be 20 μm or less, 50 μm or less, or 100 μm or less. The depth D of the recess H refers to the length in the thickness direction of the printed material 10 from the surface on the side of the surface protective layer 4 to the innermost part of the recess H.

[0063] (First light-transmitting substrate) The first light-transmitting substrate 1 is a substrate that transmits visible light. The first light-transmitting substrate 1 is, for example, made of a transparent resin. Examples of such resins include synthetic resins such as polyolefins, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyester, polyamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, and acrylic, or foams of these synthetic resins, ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer rubber, and polyurethane. Among these, polyolefin resins are particularly preferred. Specifically, those consisting of a homopolymer of ethylene, propylene, and butene, or a copolymer resin of two or more of these, or a mixture thereof, are preferred. In addition, various additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, radical scavengers, antioxidants, and processing stabilizers may be added to these resins as needed.

[0064] As ultraviolet absorbers, particularly hydroxy-phenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, for example, 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-[2-(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)ethoxy]phenol, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-[1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)-4,6-bis(4-phenylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-[(hexyl)oxy]-phenol, 2-[4-[(2-hydroxy-3-tridecyloxypropyl)oxy]-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-ethyl-hexanoic acid, 2-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-phenoxy]-ethyl ester, octanoic acid, 2-[4-(4,6-diphenyl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-phenoxy]-ethyl ester, 2,4,6-tris{2-(2-hydroxy-4-[1-octyloxycarbonylethoxy]phenyl)}-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4-iso-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-butyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-bis-butyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, etc. may be mentioned.

[0065] The ultraviolet absorber is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (B1), more preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (B2), and still more preferably a compound represented by the following formula (B). The compound represented by the following formula (B3) is 2,4-bis[2-hydroxy-4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)phenyl)]-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-s-triazine.

[0066] In general formula (B1), R １ , R ２ and R ３Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, or an alkoxy group, and at least two are alkoxy groups having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ４ and R ５ Each of these independently represents a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, or a hydrogen atom, and R ６ , R ７ and R ８ Each of these independently represents either a methyl group or a hydrogen atom.

[0067] [In general formula (B2), R １ and R ２ This represents an alkoxy group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ３ R represents an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ４ R indicates a hydroxyl group, ５ , R ６ , R ７ and R ８ This represents a hydrogen atom.

[0068]

[0069] The amount of ultraviolet absorber in the first translucent substrate 1 is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the first translucent substrate 1.

[0070] Hindered amine compounds are preferably used as radical scavengers. Examples of radical scavengers include 1-oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl stearate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl benzoate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis(1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) di(tridecyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis(1,2,2,4,4-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-2-butyl-2-(3,5-diter-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate, 1-(2-hydroxy 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane / 2,4-dichloro-6-morpholino-s-triazine polycondensate, 1,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylamino)hexane / 2,4-dichloro-6-tertioctylamino-s-triazine polycondensate, 1,5,8,12-tetrakis[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)- s-triazine-6-yl]-1,5,8,12-tetraazadodecane, 1,5,8,12-tetrakis[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]-1,5,8-12-tetraazadodecane, 1,6,11-tris[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]aminoundecane, 1,6,11-tris[2,4-bis(N-butyl-N-(1,2,2,6,Examples of hindered amine compounds include 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)amino)-s-triazine-6-yl]aminoundecane.

[0071] The amount of radical scavenger in the first translucent substrate 1 is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the first translucent substrate 1.

[0072] Phenolic antioxidants are preferably used. Examples of antioxidants include 2,6-diter-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, distearyl(3,5-diter-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate, 1,6-hexamethylenebis[(3,5-diter-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide], 4,4'-thiobis(6-terter-butyl-m-cresol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-terter-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-terter-butylphenol), and 4,4'-butylide 6-3-butyl-m-cresol, 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di3-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4-2-butyl-6-3-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-3-butylphenyl)butane, 1,3,5-tris(2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-3-butylbenzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di3-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di3-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di3-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) Xybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 2-tert-butyl-4-methyl-6-(2-acryloyloxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)phenol, stearyl(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, tetrakis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate methyl]methane, thiodiethylene glycol bis[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 1,6-hexamethylene bis[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl [phenyl)propionate], bis[3,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-tertiary butylphenyl)butyric acid] glycol ester, bis[2-tertiary butyl-4-methyl-6-(2-hydroxy-3-tertiary butyl-5-methylbenzyl)phenyl] terephthalate, 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxyethyl] isocyanurate, 3,9-bis[1,1-dimethyl-2-{(3-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionyloxy}ethyl]-2,4,Examples include 8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5,5]undecane and triethylene glycol bis[(3-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate].

[0073] The antioxidant content in the first translucent substrate 1 is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the first translucent substrate 1.

[0074] Phosphorus-based materials are preferably used as processing stabilizers. Examples of processing stabilizers include trisnonylphenyl phosphite, tris[2-tert-butyl-4-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenylthio)-5-methylphenyl] phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, octyldiphenyl phosphite, di(decyl)monophenyl phosphite, di(tridecyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, di(nonylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-ditert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-tritert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetra(tridecyl)isopropylidenediphenol diphosphite, tetra(tridecyl)-4,4'-n-butylidenebis(2-tert-butylphenyl) Butyl-5-methylphenol) diphosphite, hexa(tridecyl)-1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tertiary butylphenyl)butane triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-ditertiary butylphenyl) biphenylenediphosphonite, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-tertiary butylphenyl)-2-ethylhexyl phosphite, 2, Examples include 2'-methylenebis(4,6-tertiary butylphenyl)-octadecyl phosphite, 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-ditertiary butylphenyl) fluorophosphite, tris(2-[(2,4,8,10-tetrakistertiary butyldibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphine-6-yl)oxy]ethyl)amine, and phosphites of 2-ethyl-2-butylpropylene glycol and 2,4,6-tritertiary butylphenol.

[0075] The content of the processing stabilizer in the first translucent substrate 1 is preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of resin contained in the first translucent substrate 1.

[0076] The thickness of the first translucent substrate 1 is, for example, 25 μm to 250 μm.

[0077] As a method for laminating the first translucent substrate 1 and the second translucent substrate 2, a dry lamination method in which the substrates are bonded via an adhesive or adhesive resin layer, or an extrusion lamination method in which a resin composition for forming the first translucent substrate 1 is melt-extruded from a T-die onto the second translucent substrate 2 which has an adhesive or adhesive resin layer, thereby bonding the substrates while forming a film, can be used.

[0078] The first translucent substrate 1 has an uneven surface on the surface side facing the surface protective layer 4. The first translucent substrate 1 has a second recess that constitutes the uneven surface. The uneven surface of the first translucent substrate 1 may correspond to the uneven surface of the surface protective layer 4.

[0079] (Second light-transmitting substrate) The second light-transmitting substrate 2 is a substrate that transmits visible light. The second light-transmitting substrate 2 is made of, for example, a transparent resin. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, and acrylic are preferred as the transparent resin. The thickness of the second light-transmitting substrate 2 is, for example, 25 μm to 250 μm.

[0080] (Pattern Printing Layer) The pattern printing layer 3 is provided on the surface of the second translucent substrate 2 opposite to the first translucent substrate 1. The pattern printing layer 3 is the layer that expresses the pattern of the printed material 10. The pattern printing layer 3 is the layer on which the pattern expressed by the printed material 10 is formed. The pattern of the pattern printing layer 3 is the pattern that appears on the surface of the printed material 10, and is, for example, a wood grain pattern, a stone pattern, or an abstract pattern.

[0081] The method for forming the pattern printing layer 3 is not particularly limited and includes, for example, inkjet printing, screen printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. The thickness of the pattern printing layer 3 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 1 μm or more and 15 μm or less. As an example, the pattern printing layer 3 may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance and adhesion of the pattern printing layer 3 can be improved.

[0082] The pattern printing layer 3 may include a first color pattern layer 3A provided on the surface of the second translucent substrate 2 opposite to the first translucent substrate 1, and a second color pattern layer 3B provided on top of the first color pattern layer 3A.

[0083] The first color pattern layer 3A can be formed on the surface of the second translucent substrate 2 opposite to the first translucent substrate 1 by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. The first color pattern layer 3A is composed of a plurality of first color dots. Here, in this specification, "dot" means a point that constitutes an element of a printed image, and its shape is not limited to a circle, but may be a rectangle, polygon, or other shape. Each of the plurality of first color dots contains a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed inside the first color binder. The content of the plurality of first color pigment chips is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, when the first color binder is 100 parts by mass.

[0084] Examples of binders for the first color include vinyl resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic urethane resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The thickness of the first color pattern layer 3A is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The first color pattern layer 3A may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the first color pattern layer 3A and the adhesion of the first color pattern layer 3A to the second translucent substrate 2 can be improved.

[0085] Multiple first-color pigment chips are first-interference pigments of multiple colors that generate different interference light from each other. Each of the multiple-color first-interference pigments consists of a thin film that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film that covers the thin film. Of the light incident from the second translucent substrate 2 to the first-color pattern layer 3A, the light reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film and the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the thin film interfere with each other, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0086] Each of the multiple first interference pigments is titanium dioxide-coated mica. The particle size range of the titanium dioxide-coated mica includes, for example, a range of 25 μm to 60 μm. In this specification, "particle size" means the longest diameter of the particle cross-section. The flakes constituting the first interference pigment may be other than mica, for example, silica, alumina, glass, or polysilicate. The metal oxide film constituting the first interference pigment may be other than titanium dioxide, for example, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, or tin oxide.

[0087] When light is incident on the first color pattern layer 3A from each of the multiple first interference pigments, a different first interference light is generated from each of them. The wavelength characteristics of each of the different first interference lights are different from each other. In other words, the wavelength characteristics of the interference light generated from the first color pattern layer 3A consist of two types of wavelength characteristics. The first interference pigments exhibit color mixing. Each of the first interference pigments is, for example, a red interference pigment (red pearl pigment) and a gold interference pigment (gold pearl pigment). In this case, each of the first interference lights exhibits red and gold, respectively. The proportions of each first interference pigment may be the same or may be different from each other.

[0088] The second color pattern layer 3B can be provided on the first color pattern layer 3A by, for example, screen printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, or offset printing. The second color pattern layer 3B is composed of a plurality of second color dots. Each of the plurality of second color dots contains a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed inside the second color binder. The content of the plurality of second color pigment chips is, for example, in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, when the second color binder is 100 parts by mass.

[0089] Examples of binders for the second color include vinyl resins, acrylic resins, thermoplastic urethane resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The thickness of the second color pattern layer 3B is, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm. The second color pattern layer 3B may contain a curing agent. In this case, the heat resistance of the second color pattern layer 3B and the adhesion of the second color pattern layer 3B to the first color pattern layer 3A can be improved.

[0090] Multiple second-color pigment chips are second-interference pigments that generate a single interference light different from the color mixing shown by the first interference pigment. The second interference pigment consists of a thin flake that transmits visible light and a metal oxide film covering the flake. Of the light incident from the second translucent substrate 2 to the second-color pattern layer 3B, the light reflected at the surface of the metal oxide film and the light that passes through the metal oxide film and is reflected at the surface of the flake interfere, generating interference light. By adjusting the thickness of the metal oxide film and the refractive index of the metal oxide film, interference light with a desired wavelength can be generated.

[0091] The second interference pigment is titanium dioxide-coated mica. The particle size range of the titanium dioxide-coated mica includes, for example, a range of 25 μm to 60 μm. The flakes constituting the second interference pigment may be other than mica, for example, silica, alumina, glass, or polysilicate. The metal oxide film constituting the second interference pigment may be other than titanium dioxide, for example, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, or tin oxide.

[0092] When light is incident on the second color pattern layer 3B from the second interference pigment, a single second interference light is generated. The second interference light generated from each of the multiple second interference pigments has the same wavelength characteristics. In other words, the wavelength characteristics of the interference light generated from the second color pattern layer 3B consist of only one type of wavelength characteristic. The second interference pigment can be any interference pigment that generates a single second interference light different from the color mixing shown by the first interference pigment, for example, a green interference pigment (green pearl pigment). In this case, the second interference light will be green.

[0093] Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the printed material 10 according to this embodiment will be described. An example of a method for manufacturing the printed material 10 according to this embodiment may include the following steps 1 to 4. Step 1: A step to obtain a first laminate by forming a pattern printing layer 3 on a second translucent substrate 2 by printing. Step 2: A step to obtain a second laminate by forming a first translucent substrate 1 on the surface of the first laminate that is on the second translucent substrate side. Step 3: A step to form an uneven shape on the first translucent substrate 1 by applying a heat embossing process to the first translucent substrate 1. Step 4: A step to obtain a third laminate by applying a coating liquid to the surface of the second laminate that is on the first translucent substrate 1 side to form a surface protection layer 4.

[0094] [Second Embodiment] A solar cell module according to the second embodiment will be described. Unless otherwise described below, it is the same as the solar cell module according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the solar cell module according to this embodiment.

[0095] As shown in Figure 3, the solar cell module 200 comprises a solar cell SC, a backing material 110, a sealing layer 111, a surface plate 112, and a printed material 10. A thin plate-shaped solar cell SC is placed on the backing material 110 with its light-receiving surface facing upward and embedded in the sealing layer 111. The printed material 10 is laminated on the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell SC. The surface plate 112 is laminated on the printed material 10. In the solar cell module 200, the surface plate 112 is one of the outermost surfaces. The solar cell module 200 comprises the backing material 110, the solar cell SC and sealing layer 111, the printed material 10, and the surface plate 112 in this order. In the solar cell module 200, the printed material 10 is arranged such that the pattern printing layer 3 is located on the side of the solar cell SC and sealing layer 111, and the surface protection layer 4 is located on the side of the surface plate 112.

[0096] As a method for manufacturing a solar cell module comprising a backing material, solar cells and a sealing layer, a pattern printing layer, and a surface plate in this order, one method is to directly print the pattern printing layer onto the surface plate. However, such a manufacturing method requires large printing equipment and transport devices. In the solar cell module 200, since the pattern printing layer 3 is provided on one surface of the second translucent substrate 2, small-scale printing equipment can be used. Alternatively, as described above, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module is to sandwich a printed material comprising a translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer between the solar cells and the surface plate. In the manufacturing of such a solar cell module, high-temperature pressing is performed to melt the sealing material, which acts as an adhesive during the manufacturing of the solar cell module. During this pressing, the translucent substrate shrinks, and unevenness due to this shrinkage can be observed from the surface plate side, potentially hindering the design. In the solar cell module 200, the surface protective layer has an uneven shape. This uneven shape makes unevenness due to shrinkage less noticeable. Therefore, the solar cell module 200 has excellent design properties.

[0097] Embodiments of the printed material and solar cell module relating to this disclosure have been described above. However, the printed material and solar cell module relating to this disclosure are not limited to the embodiments described above, and may be modified within the scope of the gist described in the claims. That is, the configuration, shape, size (thickness), material, number, and arrangement of each part of the printed material and solar cell module can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist described above.

[0098] For example, the pattern printing layer may be located between the first translucent substrate and the second translucent substrate. In other words, the printed material may consist of a surface protective layer, a first translucent substrate, a pattern printing layer, and a second translucent substrate, in this order.

[0099] The printed material may further comprise a white pattern layer, which is provided on top of the second color pattern layer and is composed of multiple silver dots. Each of the multiple silver dots may contain a silver binder and multiple silver pigment chips dispersed within the silver binder.

[0100] The printed material may further include a translucent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate relative to the image printing layer.

[0101] The printed material may further include a concealing printing layer that conceals the wiring pattern of the photoelectric conversion layer of the solar cell and the gaps between the solar cells. The concealing printing layer may be provided on the outermost surface opposite to the translucent substrate relative to the pattern printing layer. The color of the concealing printing layer is preferably close to the color of the cell. The means of approaching the color of the cell is not limited to printing, but may also be by painting with paint. Even if the transmittance of the color that conceals the wiring pattern and the gaps between cells is low, that part does not contribute to the power generation efficiency. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module does not decrease.

[0102] In the embodiments described above, a printed material 10 was described in which the surface protective layer 4 has a first recess and the first translucent substrate 1 has a second recess. However, a printed material may also exist in which the surface protective layer 4 has a first recess and the first translucent substrate does not have a second recess. That is, the first translucent substrate does not have a recess, and only the surface protective layer may have a recess. In this case, the surface protective layer is thicker than the surface protective layer 4 described above and is composed of, for example, multiple gravure printing layers. Thus, the configurations of the first translucent substrate and the surface protective layer can also be changed as appropriate.

[0103] [Summary of the Disclosure] The summary of the disclosure is as follows: [1] A printed article comprising: a first translucent substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a surface protective layer provided on the first surface side of the first translucent substrate; a pattern printing layer provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate; and a second translucent substrate provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate, wherein the surface protective layer has an uneven shape on the surface facing away from the first translucent substrate. [2] The printed article according to [1], wherein the surface protective layer contains an acrylic resin and a hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber, the acrylic resin contains structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and the content of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber in the surface protective layer is 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin. [3] The printed material according to [2], wherein the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber contained in the surface protective layer contains a compound represented by the following formula (A1).

[0104] [4] The printed material according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the first translucent substrate contains a compound represented by the following general formula (B1).

[0105] [In general formula (B1), R １ , R ２ and R ３ Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, or an alkoxy group, and at least two are alkoxy groups having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ４ and R ５ Each of these independently represents a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, or a hydrogen atom, and R ６ , R ７ and R ８Each of these independently represents either a methyl group or a hydrogen atom. [5] The pattern printing layer comprises a first color pattern layer composed of a plurality of first color dots, and a second color pattern layer provided on the first color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of second color dots, wherein each of the plurality of first color dots includes a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed inside the first color binder, each of the plurality of second color dots includes a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed inside the second color binder, either the plurality of first color pigment chips or the plurality of second color pigment chips is a plurality of first interference pigments of multiple colors that each generate different first interference light, the other of the plurality of first color pigment chips or the plurality of second color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a single-color second interference light different from the color mixing shown by the plurality of first interference pigments, and the plurality of first interference light and the second interference light are additively mixed. [1] to [4] The printed material according to any one of the following: [6] The printed material according to [5], further comprising a white pattern layer provided on the second color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of silver dots, wherein each of the plurality of silver dots includes a silver binder and a plurality of silver pigment chips dispersed inside the silver binder. [7] The printed material according to any one of the following: [1] to [6], further comprising a translucent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the first translucent substrate relative to the pattern printing layer. [8] The printed material according to any one of the following: [5] to [7], wherein each of the first interference pigment and the second interference pigment includes titanium dioxide coated mica with a particle size of 25 μm or more and 60 μm or less. [9] The printed material according to any one of [5] to [8], wherein the content of the plurality of first-color pigment chips is in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the first-color binder is 100 parts by mass, and the content of the plurality of second-color pigment chips is in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the second-color binder is 100 parts by mass.

[10] A solar cell module comprising a solar cell and a printed material according to any one of [5] to [9] arranged on the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell.

[11] The solar cell module according to

[10] , comprising a plurality of the solar cells, wherein the printed material further comprises a concealing printed layer that conceals the wiring patterns of the photoelectric conversion layer of the solar cells and the gaps between the solar cells.

[12] The solar cell module according to

[10] or

[11] , comprising a back material, the solar cells and encapsulating layer, a front panel, and the printed material in this order.

[13] The solar cell module according to

[10] or

[11] , comprising a back material, the solar cells and encapsulating layer, the printed material, and a front panel in this order.

[0106] The present disclosure will be described below based on examples. However, this disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0107] [Example 1] (Coating liquid for forming a surface protective layer) A coating liquid for forming a surface protective layer was prepared. A resin mixture was obtained by mixing 80 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate monomer and 20 parts by mass of cyclohexyl methacrylate. The resin mixture, 6 parts by mass of the triazine-based ultraviolet absorber "ADEKA STAB LA-46" (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation) represented by the above formula (A1), 6 parts by mass of the triazine-based ultraviolet absorber "TINUVIN 479" (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) represented by the above formula (A2), 5 parts by mass of the N-OR type hindered amine-based radical scavenger "TINUVIN 123" (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) represented by the following formula (1), and ethyl acetate solvent for adjusting the solid content were added to obtain a main component solution (solid content 33 parts by mass).

[0108]

[0109] A hexamethylene diisocyanate-type curing agent was mixed with ethyl acetate to obtain a curing agent solution (solid content 75 parts by mass).

[0110] A coating solution (solid content: 20 parts by mass) was prepared by mixing the main agent solution, hardener solution, matting agent (silica, etc.), and ethyl acetate. The mass ratio of the main agent solution to the hardener solution (main agent solution: hardener solution) was 10:1 (at this time, the ratio of hydroxyl groups in the main agent solution to isocyanate groups in the hardener solution was approximately 1:2).

[0111] (Resin composition for forming the first translucent substrate) The resin composition for forming the first translucent substrate was prepared by mixing the following materials. (Materials) ・Transparent homopolypropylene resin (product name "Prime PP", manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.) ... 99 parts by mass ・Ultraviolet absorber (product name "Chinosorb S", manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd., corresponding to the compound shown in formula (B3) above) ... 0.5 parts by mass ・Light stabilizer (product name "Chinubin XT55", manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) ... 0.5 parts by mass

[0112] (Manufacturing of Printed Materials) A polypropylene film (thickness: 70 μm) was prepared as the second translucent substrate. A first color pattern layer was formed on one surface of the second translucent substrate by printing. The first color pattern layer was formed using an ink composed of a first color binder (acrylic resin) and a first interference pigment dispersed within the first color binder. A flat white pearl pigment with a particle size range of 5 μm to 25 μm was used as the first interference pigment. The pearl pigment content was 3 parts by mass when the first color binder was 100 parts by mass. A second color pattern layer was formed on the first color pattern layer by printing. The second color pattern layer was formed using an ink composed of a second color binder (acrylic resin) and a second interference pigment dispersed within the second color binder. A red interference pigment with a particle size range of 10 μm to 60 μm was used as the second interference pigment. The content of the red interference pigment was set to 8 parts by mass when the binder for the second color was 100 parts by mass. In this way, a wood grain pattern printing layer was formed. This resulted in obtaining a first laminate comprising a second translucent substrate and a pattern printing layer.

[0113] A first translucent substrate (thickness: 70 μm) was formed by extruding and laminating a resin composition for forming the first translucent substrate onto the surface of the second translucent substrate side of the first laminate via a dry laminating adhesive (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., product name "Takelac A540", thickness: 2 μm), and simultaneously applying a wood grain thermal embossing process to its surface. This created a wood grain texture on the surface of the first translucent substrate. The coating liquid prepared above was applied to the surface of the first translucent substrate with the textured surface to form a surface protection layer (thickness: 9 μm) having a wood grain texture. This resulted in a second laminate comprising a pattern printing layer, a second translucent substrate, an adhesive layer, a first translucent substrate, and a surface protection layer in this order. The second laminate was used as the printed material in this example.

[0114] (Manufacturing of Solar Cell Modules) Using the printed materials obtained above and the following materials, a solar cell module as shown in Figure 1 was obtained: • Backing material: Plate-shaped glass • Sealing material • Solar cell: Polycrystalline silicon-based photoelectric conversion element • Front plate: Glass

[0115] [Example 2] A printed material and a solar cell module were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the shape of the heat embossing applied to one surface of the first translucent substrate was matte.

[0116] [Example 3] A printed material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the amount of matting agent in the coating liquid for forming the surface protective layer was changed. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0117] [Example 4] A printed material and a solar cell module were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a concealing printed layer was provided on the outermost surface opposite to the first translucent substrate to conceal the wiring pattern of the photoelectric conversion layer of the solar cell and the gaps between the solar cells.

[0118] [Comparative Example 1] A solar cell module was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no printed material was provided.

[0119] [Comparative Example 2] A first laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) was used instead of a polypropylene film as the second light-transmitting substrate. This first laminate was used as the printed material for this example. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0120] [Comparative Example 3] A first laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that the pattern of the patterned printing layer was printed as a solid color. This first laminate was used as the printed material for this example. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0121] [Comparative Example 4] A first laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that the pattern of the printed layer was a stone pattern. This first laminate was used as the printed material for this example. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0122] [Comparative Example 5] A first laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that the pattern of the printed layer was made metallic. This first laminate was used as the printed material for this example. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0123] [Comparative Example 6] A printed material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the shape of the heat embossing applied to one surface of the first translucent substrate was wood grain, and an opaque substrate (polypropylene film, thickness: 60 μm) was used instead of the second translucent substrate layer. A solar cell module was obtained using this printed material in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0124] [Glossiness] The glossiness was measured for each example of solar cell module. In Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 2-6, the glossiness was measured from the surface with the protective layer on the solar cell module. In Comparative Example 1, the glossiness was measured from the surface with the front plate on the solar cell module. A gloss meter (product name: micro-TRI-glossμ, manufactured by BYK Corporation) was used for the measurements. The measurement angles were 20°, 60°, or 85°. Measurements were taken three times at each of the three locations, and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0125] [Power Generation Evaluation] Voltage and current values ​​were measured for each example of solar cell module, and the amount of power generated was calculated. Artificial sunlight illumination was used as the light source. The irradiation intensity on the surface of the solar cell module was 1000 W / m². ２ Light was irradiated to achieve the desired result. Power generation efficiency was calculated by comparing the power generation of the solar cell module in each example with that of the solar cell module in Comparative Example 1, which did not have printed materials. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0126] [Fluorescent Light Reflection] In Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 2-6, the printed materials obtained in each example were placed on a black acrylic plate. The printed material was positioned so that the side with the printed image faced the acrylic plate. A fluorescent light was placed above the printed material, maintaining a constant distance. With the fluorescent light on, an image was taken of the surface of the printed material opposite the acrylic plate. The clarity of the fluorescent light reflected on the surface of the printed material was checked from the image. Materials where the fluorescent light reflected on the surface of the printed material was unclear were designated as "A," and those where the fluorescent light reflected was clear were designated as "B." The results are shown in Table 1.

[0127] In Comparative Example 1, a fluorescent lamp was placed above the solar cell module, maintaining a constant distance. Images of the surface of the solar cell module were taken with the fluorescent lamp lit. The clarity of the reflection of the fluorescent lamp on the surface of the solar cell module was checked from the images. Images where the reflection of the fluorescent lamp on the surface of the solar cell module was unclear were designated as "A," and images where the reflection of the fluorescent lamp was clear were designated as "B." The results are shown in Table 1.

[0128] [Design Quality] Ten people observed the solar modules obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6. Modules judged to have good design quality by 10 people were classified as "A", those judged by 7 to 9 people as "B", and those judged by 6 or fewer people as "C". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0129]

[0130] The solar cell modules of Examples 1 to 4 have a surface protective layer with an uneven surface shape, and the second light-transmitting substrate is transparent. Therefore, it was confirmed that the solar cell modules of Examples 1 to 4 have excellent design, sufficient power generation efficiency, and excellent anti-glare properties. Furthermore, because the solar cell modules of Examples 1 to 4 are equipped with a surface protective layer and a first light-transmitting substrate made of the above materials, they are less prone to deterioration even after long-term use.

[0131] 1...First translucent substrate, 1a, 1b...Surface, 2...Second translucent substrate, 3...Pattern printing layer, 3A...First color pattern layer, 3B...Second color pattern layer, 4...Surface protective layer, 10...Printed material, 100, 200...Solar cell module, SC...Solar cell.

Claims

1. A printed material comprising: a first translucent substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a surface protective layer provided on the first surface side of the first translucent substrate; a pattern printing layer provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate; and a second translucent substrate provided on the second surface side of the first translucent substrate, wherein the surface protective layer has an uneven shape on the surface facing away from the first translucent substrate.

2. The printed article according to claim 1, wherein the surface protective layer contains an acrylic resin and a hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber, the acrylic resin contains structural units derived from cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and the content of the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber in the surface protective layer is 1 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin.

3. The printed article according to claim 2, wherein the hydroxyphenyltriazine-based ultraviolet absorber contained in the surface protective layer contains a compound represented by the following formula (A1).

4. The printed article according to claim 1, wherein the first translucent substrate contains a compound represented by the following general formula (B1). [In general formula (B1), R １ , R ２ and R ３ Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group, or an alkoxy group, and at least two are alkoxy groups having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ４ and R ５ Each of these independently represents a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, or a hydrogen atom, and R ６ , R ７ and R ８ Each of these independently represents either a methyl group or a hydrogen atom.

5. The printed material according to claim 1, wherein the pattern printing layer comprises a first color pattern layer composed of a plurality of first color dots, and a second color pattern layer provided on the first color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of second color dots, each of the plurality of first color dots comprises a first color binder and a plurality of first color pigment chips dispersed inside the first color binder, each of the plurality of second color dots comprises a second color binder and a plurality of second color pigment chips dispersed inside the second color binder, either the plurality of first color pigment chips or the plurality of second color pigment chips is a plurality of first interference pigments of different colors that each generates first interference light, the other of the plurality of first color pigment chips or the plurality of second color pigment chips is a second interference pigment that generates a single-color second interference light different from the color mixing shown by the plurality of first interference pigments, and the plurality of first interference light and the second interference light are additively mixed.

6. The printed material according to claim 5, further comprising a white pattern layer provided on the second color pattern layer and composed of a plurality of silver dots, wherein each of the plurality of silver dots includes a silver binder and a plurality of silver pigment chips dispersed inside the silver binder.

7. The printed material according to claim 5, further comprising a transparent smoke printing layer provided on the outermost surface opposite to the first translucent substrate relative to the pattern printing layer.

8. The printed article according to claim 5, wherein each of the first interference pigment and the second interference pigment contains titanium dioxide-coated mica with a particle size of 25 μm or more and 60 μm or less.

9. The printed material according to claim 5, wherein the content of the plurality of first color pigment chips is in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the first color binder is 100 parts by mass, and the content of the plurality of second color pigment chips is in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less when the second color binder is 100 parts by mass.

10. A solar cell module comprising: a solar cell; and a printed material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed on the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell.

11. The solar cell module according to claim 10, comprising a plurality of solar cells, wherein the printed material further comprises a concealing printed layer that conceals the wiring patterns of the photoelectric conversion layers of the solar cells and the gaps between the solar cells.

12. The solar cell module according to claim 10, comprising a backing material, the solar cell and sealing layer, a front panel, and the printed material, in this order.

13. The solar cell module according to claim 10, comprising a backing material, the solar cell and sealing layer, the printed material, and a front panel, in this order.

Images