The invention discloses a miniature wide-spectrum and high-sensitivity graphene fiber photoelectric detection chip. The miniature wide-spectrum and high-sensitivity graphene fiber photoelectric detection chip comprises a side polishing fiber, microstrip electrodes, a graphene thin film, a PB thin film and a PMMA thin film, wherein the side polishing fiber comprises a fiber core and a coating layer, the coating layer and the fiber core are partially polished to form a polishing region, the polishing region of the side polishing fiber faces upwards, the microstrip electrodes are arranged at twosides of the fiber core and cover non-polishing regions, and the PMMA thin film, the PB thin film and the graphene thin film sequentially cover upper surfaces of the microstrip electrodes from top tobottom. The chip has the characteristics of rapid response speed, high detection efficiency, high stability and excellent photoelectric detection performance; an all-fiber structure is employed and isperfectly compatible with a fiber communication system, and the problem of compatibility in production is solved; and the chip is directly fabricated on the fiber, the fabrication process is simple,mass production is facilitated, the problem of coupling of the fiber and a waveguide structure is also solved, the insertion loss is reduced, and the device integration is improved.