71results about How to "Reduced pore volume" patented technology

A filter element having multiple formed layers of filtration media is disclosed. The media are layered so as to form a pore size gradient. The filter element is capable of removing both solid and liquid particulates from a moving fluid stream. The filter element has high strength and compressibility. The layers can be supported on a porous or perforate support to provide mechanical stability during filtering operations. The filtration media layers can be formed into various filter element forms such as panels, cartridges, inserts, and the like.

Carbon nanotubes are incorporated in the fiber structure by growing them on the refractory fibers of the substrate so as to obtain a three-dimensional substrate made of refractory fibers and enriched in carbon nanotubes. The substrate is densified with a matrix to form a part of composite material such as a friction part of C / C composite material.

A cementitious product and method of modifying the properties of a low or medium density FRC product by providing a predetermined pore size distribution. The pore size distribution is obtained such that in critical zones of the distribution, the pore volume is substantially equivalent to or less than the pore volume in a respective critical zone of a conventional high density FRC product. The resultant material provides improved properties over conventional medium density FRC products, in particular improved freeze / thaw durability and / or improved workability.

The invention relates to the field of ceramics and open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramics, which can find application, for example, as high temperature- and thermal shock-resistant silicon carbide foam. The aim of the invention is to disclose an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic with improved thermal shock resistance, which may be produced by a simple method. Said aim is achieved with an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic, the structure of which is made up of sintered silicon carbide with a 5 to 30% pore volume of closed pores with an average diameter of <20 μm. The invention further relates to a method for the production of an open-celled silicon carbide foam ceramic, whereby coarse and fine silicon carbide powder in the ratio 20:80 to 80:20 parts are mixed and a suspension produced therefrom. An open-celled foam or open-celled network is then coated with said suspension, the foam or network material removed and sintering carried out at a temperature of >1800° C. under a protective atmosphere or in vacuo.

A magnetically soft, moldable composite material include powder grains coated with nonmagnetic thermoplastic compounds or with molecular precursors for ceramics or with intermetallic compounds, the magnetic properties of the magnetically soft composite material being adjustable in that fashion. Also described is a method for manufacturing a magnetically soft, shapable composite material coated in that fashion, which can subsequently be processed into shaped parts.

An ambient pressure, low cycle time method for the synthesis and manufacture of a low cost, highly insulting, highly translucent, and low density transition metal-based hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanogel. The important aspects are the method of synthesis, the stage of imparting hydrophobicity, and the process of manufacture. The method comprises the steps of mixing a chilled precursor solution with a chilled catalyst solution such that the mixture has a pH of between 9.5 and 12.2. The mixture is maintained at a temperature of 34° F.-55° F. for between 1 and 120 minutes to form a gel. The gel is silated the gel for about 120 minutes, washed in a wash fluid, then dried and annealed to form the aerogel.

The present invention provides amorphous inorganic particles as a dental material comprising silica and inorganic oxide(s) other than silica and having high x-ray impermeability. The inorganic particles as a dental material comprise silica with the content in the range from 70 to 98 weight % and oxide(s) of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, La, Ba, Sr, Hf, Y, Zn, AL, and B, wherein 5 to 70 weight % of the silica is originated from an acidic silicic acid solution and 30 to 95 weight % of the silica is originated from a sol of silica. This inorganic particles as a dental material have average particle diameter in the range from 1 to 10 mum, specific surface area in the range from 50 to 350 m2 / g, pore volume in the range from 0.05 to 0.5 ml / g, amorphous crystallinity as observed by x-ray diffraction, and the refractive index in the range from 1.47 to 1.60.

A cracking catalyst contains a substantially inert core and an active shell, the active shell containing a zeolite catalyst and a matrix. Methods of making and using the cracking catalyst are also described.

The invention relates to an ordered alumina mesoporous material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving an inorganic acid, an organic carboxylic acid, a block copolymer non-ionic surfactant and an aluminum source in anhydrous alcohol, heating and pretreating in a sealed high-pressure environment, evaporating out the solvent in an open state, and calcining at 400-650 DEG C to obtain the ordered alumina mesoporous material. The mesoporous material prepared in the invention has a highly ordered two-dimensional hexagonal mesoporous structure, large specific surface area and pore volume, and high thermal stability; the specific surface area is adjustable in a range of 200-450 m<2> / g, the pore volume is adjustable in a range of 0.3-1.2 cm<3> / g, and the mesoporous size is adjustable in a range of 5.0-20.0 nm; and after the mesoporous material is calcined at 1000 DEG C for 1 h, the structure and properties do not change, and the specific surface area and the pore volume are reduced to less than 40% and 47%, respectively.

A plugged honeycomb structure including: a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure body having porous partition walls made of a material including silicon carbide, and plugging portions, wherein a porosity of the partition walls is from 42 to 52%, a thickness of the partition walls is from 0.15 to 0.36 mm, a ratio of a volume of pores having pore diameters of 10 μm or less to a total pore volume of the partition walls is 41% or less, a ratio of a volume of pores having pore diameters in a range of 18 to 36 μm to the total pore volume is 10% or less, the pore diameter indicating a maximum value of the log differential pore volume is in a range of 10 to 16 μm, and a half-value width of a peak including the maximum value of the log differential pore volume is 5 μm or less.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a one-dimensional hollow porous structure calcium titanate nanofiber. The method adopts a sol-gel method combined with electrostatic spinning, ethyl alcohol is taken as a solvent for dissolving titanium ions and calcium ions, dimethylformamide is taken as an auxiliary solvent for dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone, and citric acid is utilized as an inhibitor for inhibiting the hydrolysis of titanium; by regulating and controlling the technological parameters of electrostatic spinning and utilizing a phase separation effect and a subsequent heating processing technology, the synthesis of the one-dimensional hollow porous structure calcium titanate nanofiber is realized. The preparation method is simple in technological process, easy to control and low in cost; the prepared one-dimensional hollow porous structure calcium titanate nanofiber has good crystallinity, and the diameter distribution of the fiber is 220-480 nm.

The invention provides methods to efficiently reduce the water concentration of raw solid fuels, including low rank coals such as brown coal, lignite, subbituminous coal, and other carbonaceous solids. Efficiently drying these materials at low temperatures significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions and allows the production of low-rank coals for gasification and liquifaction.

The invention relates to a construction method of a building foundation treatment technology, in particular to a dynamic compaction treatment method of deep foundation displacement. The method comprises two construction schemes, the first construction scheme adopts a method that sand-gravel pile construction is conducted first, and then dynamic compaction is conducted, pores are formed through a vibration pipe sinking method, piles are formed by stuffing, and local compaction is conducted on soil between the piles; the second construction scheme adopts a method that the dynamic compaction is conducted first, and then the sand-gravel pile construction is conducted, full compaction is conducted on a field, the pores are formed through the vibration pipe sinking method, and the piles are formed by the stuffing. According to the dynamic compaction treatment method of the deep foundation displacement, the advantages of the vibration pipe sinking sand-gravel pile method and the dynamic compaction method on treating soft foundations are combined, and the part displacement of the soft foundations and the dual compaction effects of the dynamic compaction and the vibration are achieved. The dynamic compaction treatment method of the deep foundation displacement has the advantages of being good in treatment effect, low in treatment cost, economical, reasonable and capable of saving resources.

In a membrane electrode assembly 1 of a fuel cell, the porosity of a hydrogen electrode-side catalyst layer 11a is made to be lower than that of an air electrode-side catalyst layer 11b. Specifically, the weight ratio of ion-exchange resin to carbon carriers of the hydrogen electrode-side catalyst layer is made to be larger than such ratio of the air electrode-side catalyst layer, the hydrogen electrode-side catalyst layer is allowed to contain an additive having a certain particle diameter or less, or the hydrogen electrode-side catalyst layer is formed by spraying a catalyst ink and the air electrode-side catalyst layer is formed by a transfer method. According to the present invention, the amount of hydrogen that permeates from the hydrogen electrode-side catalyst layer to the air electrode-side catalyst layer via an electrolyte membrane is reduced to suppress a direct hydrogen combustion reaction in the air electrode-side catalyst layer, thereby improving the fuel cell durability.

The invention relates to the field of biomass processing, and specifically provides biochar and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, plant straw and animal feces with a weight ratio of 2:1 are subjected to anaerobic firing for 10-20h under a temperature of 500-550 DEG C, such that the biochar is obtained. Compared with straw-sourced black charcoal in prior arts, although the specific surface area and pore volume are respectively reduced by 25% and 20%, the ash content is increased by 66.7%. Compared with pig-feces-sourced black charcoal, although the ash content is reduced by 15.4%, the specific surface area and the pore volume are respectively increased by 50% and 122%.

The invention relates to a preparation method for super-hydrophobic chitosan oil-absorbing sponge. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing chitosan-based sponge with a three-dimensional porous structure by using a vacuum freeze-drying method; (2) preparing modified Fe3O4 particles, and enabling the modified Fe3O4 particles and nano zinc oxide particles to be loaded in the three-dimensional porous structure of the chitosan-based sponge; and (3) soaking the obtained chitosan-based sponge in octadecanethiol-absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and repeatedly compressing and expanding, after curing, to obtain a product. Compared with existing chitosan-based sponge, the product has excellent hydrophobic oil-absorbing properties, and a high repeated utilization ratio.

A metal-doped or metal-exchanged zeolite is disclosed, wherein the doping metal is present in the zeolite in the form of individual atoms i.e. as monomeric and / or dimeric species. Further, a process for the preparation of such a metal-doped or metal-exchanged zeolite is disclosed. The metal-doped zeolites are useful, in particular, as catalysts for the reduction of nitrogen oxides.

An advanced coating for showerhead used in plasma processing chamber is provided. The advanced coating is formed using plasma enhanced physical vapor deposition. The coating formation involved a physical process, such as condensation of source material on the showerhead surface, and chemical process, wherein active species from plasma interact with the condensed source materials. Also, non-reactive species from the plasma impinge on the bottom surface to condense the formed coating.

The present invention provides a porous composite oxide comprising an aggregate of secondary particles in the form of aggregates of primary particles of a composite oxide containing two or more types of metal elements, and having mesopores having a pore diameter of 2-100 nm between the secondary particles; wherein, the percentage of the mesopores between the secondary particles having a diameter of 10 nm or more is 10% or more of the total mesopore volume after firing for 5 hours at 600° C. in an oxygen atmosphere.

The present invention relates to a method of producing a (shaped) ceramic or glass-ceramic article, involving the steps of: (a) providing a powder or a powder mixture comprising ceramic or glass-ceramic material, (b) depositing a layer of said powder or powder mixture on a surface, (d) heating at least one region of said layer by means of an energy beam or a plurality of energy beams to a maximum temperature such that at least a part of said ceramic or glass-ceramic material in said at least one region is melted and (e) cooling said at least one region of said layer so that at least part of the material melted in step (d) is solidified, such that the layer is joined with said surface in said at least one region. The invention also relates to ceramic or glass-ceramic articles and their use.

Disclosed are silica bound zeolite adsorbent particles which possess high volumetric gas adsorption capacity for the adsorption and / or desorption of gases. The adsorbent are highly effective as a gas source in volumetrically constrained applications. The silica-bound zeolite adsorbents possess a relatively high zeolite content simultaneously with a relatively low intra-particle pore volume as compared to the clay bound zeolite aggregates heretofore used as a gas source in volumetrically constrained environments, e.g. instant beverage carbonation processes, devices or systems.

The present invention provides a sintered body and a production method therefor in which effects of pores remaining at a surface of the sintered body can be avoided without removing the pores by machining and plastic working, thereby obtaining strength equivalent to that of ingot materials. The sintered member comprises: a hardness distribution in which hardness contiguously varies from a surface to an inner portion; a Vickers hardness value of 730 or less at the surface; the maximum hardness of which portion exists in a region of 150 to 300 μm from the surface; wherein the maximum hardness is a Vickers hardness value of 600 or more.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a modified Y-type molecular sieve, comprising the following steps: (1) partially exchanging NaY-type molecular sieve sodium ions by using an ammonium salt solution, and carrying out high-temperature roasting on the obtained NaNH4Y molecular sieve; (2) exchanging sodium ions in the material obtained in the step (1) again by adopting an ammonium salt solution, and carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the obtained material; and (3) carrying out acid treatment on the material obtained in the step (2), and drying to obtain the modified Y-type molecular sieve. The modified Y molecular sieve prepared by the method has low crystallinity and moderate pore volume, thus providing a proper reaction space for diesel fractions and improving the catalyticselectivity of the molecular sieve; meanwhile, the preparation method is simple and suitable for industrial application.

The invention discloses a fuel cell composite proton exchange membrane and a preparation method thereof. PTFE is placed in a dopamine buffer solution for modification treatment, the coating conditions are accurately controlled by adjusting the angle of the membrane in the solution and the like, the hydrophilicity of the treated PTFE is remarkably improved, a high-boiling-point solvent can be directly used for casting the membrane, and the composite proton exchange membrane is prepared and obtained. The prepared fuel cell composite proton exchange membrane has the advantages of being low in thickness, long in service life and good in performance. The operation process has the characteristics of simplicity, safety, easiness in scale expansion and industrialization, and can be used for producing the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell.

The invention discloses calamine lotion with a bacteriostatic effect. The calamine lotion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140-160 parts of modified calamine, 45-55 parts of zinc oxide, 5-7 parts of modified nano zinc oxide, 8-10 parts of officinal phenol, 6-8 parts of antibiotic, 10-12 parts of menthol, 20-26 parts of tween 20, 7-10 parts of glycerinum, 2-3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and 800-900 parts of purified water. The calamine lotion disclosed by the invention takes the modified calamine and the zinc oxide as main effective ingredients of thelotion, wherein the anti-bacterial, convergent, antiseptic and antipruritic effects of the both ingredients are strong; through adding a proper amount of the modified nano zinc oxide, the lotion is endowed with good antibacterial performance; the officinal phenol is capable of prolonging a using expiration date of a preparation, increasing stability of the preparation, and enhancing the sterilizing, bacteriostatic and antipruritic effects of the preparation; in addition, in a preparation process of the calamine lotion, a sodium carboxymethylcellulose suspending agent is added to increase thestability of suspension; and the calamine lotion with the bacteriostatic effect, stable characters and a strong physiological property is prepared.

The invention provides a zero-mode waveguide hole wall modification method. The method comprises the following steps: covering a polymer; irradiating ultraviolet light on the surface of a metal covering layer to form a first chemical bond; and stripping the polymer. The invention also relates to a zero-mode waveguide hole structure. The hole wall of the zero-mode waveguide hole is covered with thepolymer, and ultraviolet light irradiates the surface of the metal covering layer for bonding to form a high-refractive-index non-reflective first chemical bond; the in-hole volume of the zero-mode waveguide hole can be reduced by increasing the deposition thickness of the first chemical bond of the high-refractive-index non-reflective material, so that free nucleotides in the hole can be significantly reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved. Besides, the position of excited fluorescence can be far away from the metal wall of the zero-mode waveguide hole by depositing the firstchemical bond of a high-refractive-index non-reflective material in the hole, so that the fluorescence cannot be weakened or even quenched, and the detection is more sensitive while the fluorescenceeffect is enhanced.