An automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of extruders, and in particular to an automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, comprising a frame and a three-plate four-column mold frame arranged on the top of the frame, the three-plate four-column mold frame being fixedly connected to the frame, an adjusting mechanism being arranged on the rear side of the three-plate four-column mold frame, the adjusting mechanism being fixedly connected to the three-plate four-column mold frame, and an automatic quantitative cold-feeding system for feeding being arranged on the top of the adjusting mechanism; by arranging the automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, the designed stirring hopper and automatic cooling rotating hopper overcome the shortcomings of heat condensation and poor feeding of some materials during the processing process, increase the cooling and stirring functions outside the mold, ensure the continuous stability of powder material processing and feeding, and the accurate and stable PLC control system and the intuitive and easy-to-understand human-machine interface configuration are convenient for monitoring and tracing of production operations and production processes, and can effectively promote the popularization and application of new materials and new processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of extruders, and in particular relates to an automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder. Background Art

[0002] In a broad sense, plastic extruders can be used for various plastic molding processes such as pipes, films, rods, strapping tapes, plates (sheets), profiles, granulation, cable coating, etc. The powdered plastic material is plasticized into a uniform melt through the extrusion system, and under continuous high-pressure extrusion, it is continuously extruded out of the die head or mold by the screw, and finally cooled and formed. The function of the transmission system is to drive the screw and provide the screw with the required high torque and high speed during the extrusion process. It is usually composed of a high-power motor, a reducer and a transmission component, etc., to provide high pressure and high power for the extrusion and plasticization of the material. The extruder is usually electrically heated, and heating plates are installed on the body, die, mold and other parts to heat the powdered plastic in the barrel to raise its temperature to reach the temperature required for the process operation. Generally, the cooling device is divided into water cooling and air cooling, which is intended to ensure that it is within the temperature range required by the process so that it can be quickly shaped after demolding.

[0003] To sum up, with simple mechanical structure and processing technology, plastic extrusion molding machinery is one of the widely used machines in the plastic processing industry. When the processing environment of some materials is heated above 30 degrees, it is very easy to harden, the fluidity is significantly deteriorated, and even lumps are generated to block the material port. The original production process, method and mechanical structure can no longer effectively meet the processing and application of new materials. In view of the poor fluidity, low temperature resistance and thermal instability of the materials, the original production process and production extrusion processing machinery should be improved in a targeted manner, and even peripheral auxiliary mechanical mechanisms should be added locally to improve the smooth continuity of feeding and the stability of product performance and appearance size. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides an automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, which has the characteristics of automatic quantitative, cold-feeding and high-efficiency hydraulic vertical extrusion.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, comprising a frame and a three-plate four-column mold frame arranged on the top of the frame, the three-plate four-column mold frame is fixedly connected to the frame, an adjusting mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the three-plate four-column mold frame, the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the three-plate four-column mold frame, an automatic quantitative cold-feeding system for feeding is arranged on the top of the adjusting mechanism, a hydraulic drive system is arranged on the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame, a PLC electric control box is arranged on the side of the frame, a touch screen for operation is arranged on the side of the adjusting mechanism, the touch screen is electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism, the three-plate four-column mold frame comprises an upper fixed plate, a movable plate, a lower fixed plate and columns, the upper fixed plate, the movable plate and the lower fixed plate are rectangular plates, and are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, the columns There are four of them, and the columns are distributed at the four corners of the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, and the two ends of the columns are fixedly connected to the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate respectively. The movable plate is slidably installed on the columns, and the opposite sides of the movable plate and the lower fixed plate are provided with mold fixing plates, and the two mold fixing plates are fixedly connected to the movable plate and the lower fixed plate respectively. The automatic quantitative cold feeding system includes a feeding hopper, a stirring hopper, a quantitative cold screw feeding barrel and an automatic rotating cooling hopper. Two symmetrically distributed stirring buckets are provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper. Two quantitative cold screw feeding barrels are provided corresponding to the stirring buckets, and are respectively located below the two stirring buckets. The automatic rotating cooling hopper is located at the output port of the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel, and the automatic rotating cooling hopper is fixedly connected to the mold fixing plate.

[0006] Preferably, the hydraulic drive system includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump station, a servo control valve, a high-pressure pipeline and an oil tank, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper fixed plate, the oil tank is located on the rear side of the frame, the hydraulic pump station and the servo control valve are both fixedly mounted on the top of the oil tank, the output end of the hydraulic pump station is fixedly connected to the servo control valve, the output end of the servo control valve is fixedly connected to the high-pressure pipeline, and the other end of the high-pressure pipeline is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, an output shaft is fixedly provided at the output end of the oil hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end of the output shaft is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a movable plate, a screw and an adjusting handwheel, the mounting bracket is fixed to the rear side of the lower fixed plate, the screw is rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket, the adjusting handwheel is fixed to the end of the screw, the movable plate is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket, and the movable plate is transmission-connected to the mounting bracket.

[0009] Preferably, an anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod is provided between the movable plate and the lower fixed plate, and the anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod includes a support rod and a sliding sleeve, the support rod is fixedly installed on the top of the lower fixed plate, the sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable plate, and the sliding sleeve is slidingly arranged on the outside of the support rod.

[0010] Preferably, the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel has a feeding screw inside.

[0011] Preferably, the outer sides of the frame and the three-plate four-column mold frame are provided with protective safety doors, and transparent windows are fixedly mounted on the protective safety doors.

[0012] Preferably, a mechanical cantilever is provided between the touch screen and the adjustment mechanism, the touch screen is rotatably connected to the mechanical cantilever, and the mechanical cantilever is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket.

[0013] Preferably, the interior of the automatic rotating cooling hopper is hopper-shaped, a cooling circulation water channel is provided at the bottom, a set of driving motors and rotating mechanisms are provided on the left and right, and the automatic rotating cooling hopper passes through the lower fixed plate and extends into the frame.

[0014] Preferably, a driving motor is provided on the outer side wall of the mixing bucket, and a stirrer is rotatably installed inside the mixing bucket, and the stirrer is drivingly connected to the driving motor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the present invention, by setting an automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, the designed stirring hopper and automatic cooling rotary hopper overcome the problems of condensation of some materials when encountering heat during processing and poor feeding, increase the out-of-mold cooling and stirring functions, ensure the continuous stability of powder material processing and feeding, simplify and delete the high-power configuration of the extrusion screw of the conventional extrusion machinery, achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, and reduce the production cost of equipment, the accurate and stable PLC control system and the intuitive and easy-to-understand human-machine interface configuration are beneficial to factory-scale automated production, more convenient for monitoring and tracing of production operations and production processes, and can effectively promote the popularization and application of new materials and new processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-plate four-column formwork in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of a three-plate four-column formwork in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic quantitative cold feeding system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a control system diagram of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Three-plate four-column mold frame; 21. Upper fixed plate; 22. Movable plate; 23. Lower fixed plate; 24. Column; 25. Mold fixed plate; 26. Anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod; 3. Hydraulic drive system; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 311. Output shaft; 32. Hydraulic pump station; 33. Servo control valve; 34. High-pressure pipeline; 35. Oil tank; 4. Automatic quantitative cold feeding system; 41. Feed hopper; 42. Mixing bucket; 43. Quantitative cold screw feeding barrel; 44. Automatic rotating cooling hopper; 5. PLC electric control box; 6. Touch screen; 7. Adjustment mechanism; 71. Mounting bracket; 72. Moving plate; 73. Screw; 74. Adjustment hand wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-5The present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic quantitative cold feeding vertical extruder, comprising a frame 1 and a three-plate four-column mold frame 2 arranged on the top of the frame 1, the three-plate four-column mold frame 2 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, an adjusting mechanism 7 is arranged on the rear side of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2, the adjusting mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the three-plate four-column mold frame 2, an automatic quantitative cold feeding system 4 for feeding is arranged on the top of the adjusting mechanism 7, a hydraulic drive system 3 is arranged on the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2, a PLC electric control box 5 is arranged on the side of the frame 1, a touch screen 6 for control is arranged on the side of the adjusting mechanism 7, the touch screen 6 is electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism 7, the three-plate four-column mold frame 2 comprises an upper fixed plate 21, a movable plate 22, a lower fixed plate 23 and a column 24, the upper fixed plate 21, the movable plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 23 are rectangular plates, and are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, the number of the columns 24 is four, and the columns 24 are divided into The movable plate 22 is slidably mounted on the upright column 24. The movable plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 23 are provided with a mold fixing plate 25 on the opposite side thereof. The two mold fixing plates 25 are respectively fixedly connected with the movable plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 23. The automatic quantitative cold feeding system 4 comprises a feeding hopper 41, a stirring hopper 42, a quantitative cold screw feeding barrel 43 and an automatic rotating cooling hopper 44. Two symmetrically distributed stirring hoppers 42 are provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper 41. Two quantitative cold screw feeding barrels 43 are provided corresponding to the stirring hoppers 42 and are respectively located below the two stirring hoppers 42. The automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 is located at the output port of the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel 43, and the automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 is fixedly connected with the mold fixing plate 25.

[0027] In this embodiment, an automatic quantitative cold feeding vertical extruder is provided for the extrusion production of extruded products including but not limited to high-tech materials. The upper / lower molds of the products are respectively fixed in the mounting holes of the lower mold fixing plate 25 and the upper mold fixing plate 25 of the above-mentioned three-plate four-column mold frame 2. The hydraulic pump station 32 is started, and the parameters are set and controlled on the touch screen 6 to control the orderly on and off of the servo control valve 33, so as to promote the output shaft 311 of the oil hydraulic cylinder 31 at the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2 to drive the movable plate 22 / upper mold fixing plate 25 and the upper mold of the product to make the upper and lower Through repeated high-pressure operation, the low-fluidity powdered raw materials are fed into the hopper 41 with a stirring function through the external auxiliary machine conveying pipeline, and are pushed in a timely and quantitative manner by the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel 43 to enter the automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 located above the lower mold, and then are pushed into the inlet of the lower mold cavity with a heating device by the upper mold at high pressure. The material with a molten structure in the lower section of the mold cavity is squeezed out of the lower end outlet of the mold. Since the material will have good toughness after heating, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the upper mold of the mold to continuously push at high frequency, and the molten material is squeezed out of the mold mouth and is shaped when cooled.

[0028] Specifically, the hydraulic drive system 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31, a hydraulic pump station 32, a servo control valve 33, a high-pressure pipeline 34 and an oil tank 35. The hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the upper fixed plate 21, and the oil tank 35 is located at the rear side of the frame 1. The hydraulic pump station 32 and the servo control valve 33 are both fixedly installed on the top of the oil tank 35. The output end of the hydraulic pump station 32 is fixedly connected to the servo control valve 33, and the output end of the servo control valve 33 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure pipeline 34. The other end of the high-pressure pipeline 34 is fixedly connected to The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly provided with an output shaft 311, and the bottom end of the output shaft 311 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 22. The hydraulic pump station 32 is used to provide a power source, through the servo control valve 33 and logic control, to push the output shaft 311 of the hydraulic cylinder 31 located at the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2 to drive the movable plate 22, the upper mold fixed plate 25 and the product upper mold to perform repeated high-pressure operation up and down. The high-pressure pipeline 34 is used for the connection between the hydraulic pump station 32, the servo control valve 33, and the hydraulic cylinder 31.

[0029] Specifically, the adjustment mechanism 7 includes a mounting bracket 71, a movable plate 72, a screw rod 73 and an adjusting hand wheel 74. The mounting bracket 71 is fixed to the rear side of the lower fixed plate 23, the screw rod 73 is rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket 71, the adjusting hand wheel 74 is fixed to the end of the screw rod 73, the movable plate 72 is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket 71, and the movable plate 72 is transmission-connected to the mounting bracket 71. By rotating the adjusting hand wheel 74, the screw rod 73 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate 72 to reciprocate.

[0030] Specifically, an anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod 26 is provided between the movable plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 23. The anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod 26 includes a support rod and a sliding sleeve. The support rod is fixedly installed on the top of the lower fixed plate 23, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable plate 22. The sliding sleeve is arranged on the outside of the support rod. By setting the anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod 26, the impact distance between the movable plate 22 and the lower fixed plate 23 can be prevented from being too short.

[0031] Specifically, the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel 43 has a feeding screw inside, which can feed the material evenly and avoid excessive discharge at one time.

[0032] Specifically, protective safety doors are provided on the outside of the frame 1 and the three-plate four-column mold frame 2, and a transparent window is fixed on the protective safety door. The frame 1 is composed of a lower mounting plate, a grooved steel welding bracket, an upper mounting plate, etc. The lower mounting plate is used for the installation and fixation of the whole machine. The grooved steel bracket provides a stable and solid support for the whole machine and provides sufficient installation space for the product mold. The upper mounting plate is located at the bottom of the four-column mold frame 2 and is used for the installation and fixation of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2.

[0033] Specifically, a mechanical cantilever is provided between the touch screen 6 and the adjustment mechanism 7, the touch screen 6 is rotatably connected to the mechanical cantilever, and the mechanical cantilever is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 71. By providing a rotatable mechanical cantilever, the position of the touch screen 6 can be easily moved.

[0034] Specifically, the bottom of the automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 is hopper-shaped, and the automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 penetrates the lower fixed plate 23 and extends into the frame 1, so that the cold loose powder material can enter the product mold entrance under the pushing of the upper mold.

[0035] Specifically, a driving motor is provided on the outer wall of the mixing bucket 42 , and a stirrer is rotatably installed inside the mixing bucket 42 . The stirrer is transmission-connected to the driving motor to stir the materials inside the mixing bucket 42 for uniformity.

[0036] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: the automatic quantitative cold feeding vertical extruder is used for the extrusion production of extruded products including but not limited to high-tech materials. The upper / lower molds of the products are respectively fixed in the mounting holes of the lower mold fixing plate 25 and the upper mold fixing plate 25 of the above-mentioned three-plate four-column mold frame 2. The hydraulic pump station 32 is started, and the parameters are set and controlled on the touch screen 6 (wherein the PLC electric control box 5 is composed of a low-voltage control electrical cabinet, a servo hydraulic control board, a PLC programmable controller and a touch screen human-machine interface. Through the mutual connection and mutual control of the electric control circuits, the setting and monitoring of each running number are performed through the touch screen 6 to realize the automatic continuous operation control of the above-mentioned whole machine), the orderly on and off of the servo control valve 33 is controlled to push The output shaft 311 of the hydraulic cylinder 31 located at the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame 2 drives the movable plate 22 / the upper mold fixed plate 25 and the upper mold of the product to perform repeated high-pressure operation up and down. The low-fluidity powdered raw materials are fed into the hopper 41 with a stirring function through the external auxiliary machine conveying pipeline, and are pushed regularly and quantitatively by the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel 43 to enter the automatic rotating cooling hopper 44 located above the lower mold, and then are pushed into the inlet of the lower mold cavity with a heating device by the upper mold under high pressure. The material of the molten structure in the lower section of the mold cavity is squeezed out of the lower end outlet of the mold. Since the material will have good toughness after heating, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the upper mold of the mold to continuously push at high frequency, and the molten material is squeezed out of the mold mouth and is shaped when cooled.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1) and a three-plate four-column mold frame (2) arranged on the top of the frame (1), the three-plate four-column mold frame (2) being fixedly connected to the frame (1), an adjusting mechanism (7) being provided on the rear side of the three-plate four-column mold frame (2), the adjusting mechanism (7) being fixedly connected to the three-plate four-column mold frame (2), an automatic quantitative cold feeding system (4) for feeding materials being provided on the top of the adjusting mechanism (7), a hydraulic driving system (3) being provided on the top of the three-plate four-column mold frame (2), a PLC electric control box (5) being provided on the side of the frame (1), a touch screen (6) for operation being provided on the side of the adjusting mechanism (7), and the touch screen (6) being electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism (7); The three-plate four-column formwork (2) comprises an upper fixed plate (21), a movable plate (22), a lower fixed plate (23) and columns (24); the upper fixed plate (21), the movable plate (22) and the lower fixed plate (23) are rectangular plates and are arranged in parallel from top to bottom; there are four columns (24); the columns (24) are arranged at four corners of the upper fixed plate (21) and the lower fixed plate (23); and the two ends of the columns (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper fixed plate (21) and the lower fixed plate (23); the movable plate (22) is slidably mounted on the columns (24); a mold fixing plate (25) is provided on one side opposite to the lower fixed plate (23); and the two mold fixing plates (25) are respectively fixedly connected to the movable plate (22) and the lower fixed plate (23); The automatic quantitative cold feeding system (4) comprises a feed hopper (41), a stirring hopper (42), a quantitative cold screw feeding barrel (43) and an automatic rotating cooling hopper (44); two symmetrically distributed stirring hoppers (42) are provided at the bottom of the feed hopper (41); two quantitative cold screw feeding barrels (43) are provided corresponding to the stirring hoppers (42) and are respectively located below the two stirring hoppers (42); the automatic rotating cooling hopper (44) is located at the output port of the quantitative cold screw feeding barrel (43), and the automatic rotating cooling hopper (44) is fixedly connected to the mold fixing plate (25); The interior of the automatic rotating cooling hopper (44) is hopper-shaped, a cooling circulation water path is provided at the bottom, a set of driving motors and a rotating mechanism are provided on the left and right sides, and the automatic rotating cooling hopper (44) penetrates the lower fixed plate (23) and extends into the frame (1).

2. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive system (3) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (31), a hydraulic pump station (32), a servo control valve (33), a high-pressure pipeline (34) and an oil tank (35); the hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper fixed plate (21); the oil tank (35) is located at the rear side of the frame (1); the hydraulic pump station (32) and the servo control valve (33) are both fixedly mounted on the top of the oil tank (35); the output end of the hydraulic pump station (32) is fixedly connected to the servo control valve (33); the output end of the servo control valve (33) is fixedly connected to the high-pressure pipeline (34); the other end of the high-pressure pipeline (34) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (31).

3. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: An output shaft (311) is fixedly disposed at the output end of the oil hydraulic cylinder (31), and the bottom end of the output shaft (311) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (22).

4. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (7) comprises a mounting bracket (71), a movable plate (72), a screw rod (73) and an adjustment hand wheel (74); the mounting bracket (71) is fixed to the rear side of the lower fixed plate (23); the screw rod (73) is rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket (71); the adjustment hand wheel (74) is fixed to the end of the screw rod (73); the movable plate (72) is slidably mounted on the top of the mounting bracket (71); and the movable plate (72) is transmission-connected to the mounting bracket (71).

5. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod (26) is provided between the movable plate (22) and the lower fixed plate (23), the anti-overshoot mechanical limit rod (26) comprising a support rod and a sliding sleeve, the support rod being fixedly mounted on the top of the lower fixed plate (23), the sliding sleeve being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the movable plate (22), and the sliding sleeve being slidably mounted on the outer side of the support rod.

6. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quantitative cold screw feeding cylinder (43) has a feeding screw inside.

7. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the frame (1) and the three-plate four-column mold frame (2) are both provided with protective safety doors, and transparent windows are fixedly mounted on the protective safety doors.

8. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mechanical cantilever is provided between the touch screen (6) and the adjustment mechanism (7); the touch screen (6) is rotatably connected to the mechanical cantilever; and the mechanical cantilever is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (71).

9. The automatic quantitative cold-feeding vertical extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving motor is provided on the outer wall of the stirring bucket (42), and a stirrer is rotatably mounted inside the stirring bucket (42), the stirrer being drivingly connected to the driving motor.

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