Simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma and its preparation and use methods

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas and its preparation and use methods, which includes a 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and a brain model. The 1:1 high-fidelity skull model includes a lower model and an upper model, and the brain model is located in the cranial cavity between the lower model and the upper model. The brain model includes a high-fidelity brain tissue layer, a paraffin layer, and a blood clot layer. Both the paraffin layer and the blood clot layer are located within the high-fidelity brain tissue layer, and the blood clot layer is embedded in the paraffin layer. The paraffin layer is connected to a fixing wire inserted on the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model, and the other end of the fixing wire is located outside the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. By adopting the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas with the above structure, it is convenient to fix the blood clot at a specific position in the brain according to needs, has a long storage time, good simulation effect, and can be verified by CT for hematoma localization, greatly facilitating the learning and practice of removing intracerebral hematomas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of simulation training models for clearing intracerebral hematomas, and particularly to a simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematomas, and a preparation and usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to facilitate the primary neurosurgeons to master the surgical skills for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and further improve the training of neurosurgeons in the surgical technique of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage assisted by neuroendoscopy, previously, cadaveric head specimens were often selected for simulation training. However, the resources of such specimens are limited, and it is difficult to meet the design of intracerebral hematomas at different positions, which has caused a great obstacle to the training and popularization of this surgical technique.

[0003] Previously, there were literature reports using coconut shells or 3D-printed skull models for "intracerebral hemorrhage" simulation surgery training, filling agar, starch and other mixtures into them to imitate brain tissue, using pig blood to simulate hematomas and injecting them into the training model. Its simulation effect is not good, there is a large difference in the softness and elasticity of brain tissue during normal surgery, the hematoma localization effect is not ideal, the model is not easy to be stored for a long time, and it is even impossible to perform CT verification. Therefore, it is not conducive to the simulation training of intracerebral hematomas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematomas, and a preparation and usage method thereof. The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, convenient operation, excellent simulation effect and realistic CT imaging of hematomas, which is convenient to fix the position of the blood clot layer as needed, and is conducive to the primary neurosurgeons to judge the preoperative localization of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and is beneficial to improving the skills of primary neurosurgeons in simulating the removal of intracerebral hematomas assisted by neuroendoscopy or microscope.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematomas, including a 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and a brain model. The 1:1 high-fidelity skull model includes a lower model and an upper model. The upper model is located on the top of the lower model, and the brain model is located in the cranial cavity between the lower model and the upper model;

[0006] The brain model includes a high-fidelity brain tissue layer, a paraffin layer and a blood clot layer. The paraffin layer and the blood clot layer are both located in the high-fidelity brain tissue layer. The blood clot layer is embedded in the paraffin layer. The paraffin layer is connected to a fixing wire inserted on the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model, and the other end of the fixing wire is located outside the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. There is a window corresponding to the blood clot layer on the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the lower model is provided with uniformly distributed jacks along its edge, the bottom of the lower model is provided with a foramen magnum communicating with the cranial cavity, and the bottom of the upper model is provided with inserts corresponding to the jacks.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the jacks is not less than 2.

[0009] Preferably, the blood clot layer is a pig blood clot or a chicken blood clot.

[0010] A method for preparing a simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Assemble and fix the lower model and the upper model in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model.

[0012] (2) Soak 250 grams of soybeans in warm water for 6-8 hours, crush them into mud, put them into 1000 ml of boiling water, stir for 30 minutes and then cool, filter out the bean dregs to obtain soybean milk.

[0013] (3) Add soy lecithin powder and lactone to the soybean milk, stir well to obtain a mixed slurry. The weight ratio of soybeans, soy lecithin powder and lactone in the mixed slurry is 250:50:3. Keep the temperature of the mixed slurry at 80-90 degrees Celsius.

[0014] (4) Embed the blood clot layer in the paraffin layer.

[0015] (5) According to the preset position of the blood clot layer, use a fixing wire to fix the blood clot layer in this position. One end of the fixing wire is connected to the paraffin layer wrapping the blood clot layer, and the other end of the fixing wire passes through the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and protrudes from the outer surface of the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model.

[0016] (6) Inject the mixed slurry into the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum at the bottom of the lower model in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. During the injection of the mixed slurry, the temperature of the mixed slurry melts the paraffin layer. After cooling for 8 hours, the mixed slurry cools and solidifies to form a high-fidelity brain tissue layer. Pull out the fixing wire to form a simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma for simulated surgical training.

[0017] (7) Perform a CT scan on the simulation training model to determine whether the position of the blood clot layer has shifted. If it has shifted, disassemble the lower model and the upper model, remove the substances in the cranial cavity, and repeat the above steps 1 to 5 for re-preparation. If it has not shifted, store the simulation training model at low temperature or soak it in a diluted formalin solution.

[0018] A method for using a simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma:

[0019] A window is set in the area of the blood clot layer corresponding to the upper model, and further training operations are carried out by simulating hematoma removal surgery using a neuroendoscope or a microscope. After the hematoma is removed, it can be verified again by CT, so as to comparatively observe and evaluate the completion degree of the hematoma removal operation.

[0020] Therefore, the present invention adopts the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas with the above structure and its preparation and use methods. The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, convenient operation, excellent simulation effect and realistic CT imaging of the hematoma. It is convenient to fix the position of the blood clot layer as needed, which is conducive to the primary neurosurgeon's judgment of the preoperative positioning of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and is helpful for improving the primary neurosurgeon's skills in simulating intracerebral hematoma removal assisted by a neuroendoscope or a microscope.

[0021] Next, through the drawings and embodiments, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the lower model and the brain model of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the upper model of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the lower model of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a CT imaging screenshot of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematomas of the present invention.

[0027] REFERENCE SIGNS

[0028] 1. Brain model; 101. High-fidelity brain tissue layer; 102. Paraffin layer; 103. Blood clot layer; 2. Lower model; 3. Upper model; 4. Jack; 5. Foramen magnum; 6. Insert block; 7. Cranial cavity; 8. Fixing wire; 9. Window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Next, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.

[0030] As shown in the figure, a simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma, and its preparation and use methods, include a 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and a brain model 1. The 1:1 high-fidelity skull model includes a lower model 2 and an upper model 3. The upper model 3 is located on top of the lower model 2, and the brain model 1 is located in the cranial cavity 7 between the lower model 2 and the upper model 3.

[0031] The top of the lower model 2 is provided with evenly distributed jacks 4 along its edge, and the number of jacks 4 is not less than 2. The bottom of the upper model 3 is provided with insertion blocks 6 corresponding to the jacks 4. The insertion blocks 6 are used to cooperate with the jacks 4 to realize the assembly and disassembly of the upper model 3 and the lower model 2. The bottom of the lower model 2 is provided with a foramen magnum 5 communicating with the cranial cavity 7. The foramen magnum 5 is used to inject the mixed slurry into the cranial cavity 7, facilitating the cooling and shaping of the mixed slurry in the cranial cavity 7 to obtain the high-fidelity brain tissue layer 101 in the brain model 1.

[0032] The brain model 1 includes a high-fidelity brain tissue layer 101, a paraffin layer 102, and a blood clot layer 103. The paraffin layer 102 and the blood clot layer 103 are both located within the high-fidelity brain tissue layer 101. The blood clot layer 103 is embedded in the paraffin layer 102. The blood clot layer 103 is made of pig blood clot or chicken blood clot and is used to simulate a hematoma. The paraffin layer 102 is connected to a fixing wire 8 inserted on the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. The other end of the fixing wire 8 is located outside the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. The fixing wire 8 is used to fix the paraffin layer 102, thereby realizing the fixation of the position of the blood clot layer 103 in the cranial cavity 7. The paraffin layer 102 melts when heated, eliminating the need for the prior art operation of piercing the wrapping of the blood clot layer 103, facilitating the preparation of the entire simulation training model. The 1:1 high-fidelity skull model is provided with a window 9 corresponding to the blood clot layer 103. The window 9 facilitates the operator to insert a neuroendoscope sheath into the high-fidelity brain tissue layer 101 during the simulation training process, and perform hematoma clearance under neuroendoscopy to achieve the training effect of hematoma clearance.

[0033] The preparation method of the simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) Assemble and fix the lower model and the upper model in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model.

[0035] (2) Take 250 grams of soybeans, soak them in warm water for 6 - 8 hours, crush them into mud, put them into 1000 ml of boiling water, stir for 30 minutes, then cool, and filter out the soybean dregs to obtain soybean milk liquid.

[0036] (3) Add soy lecithin powder and lactone to the soybean milk liquid, stir well to obtain a mixed slurry. The weight ratio of soybeans, soy lecithin powder, and lactone in the mixed slurry is 250:50:3. Maintain the temperature of the mixed slurry at 80 - 90 degrees Celsius.

[0037] (4) Embed the blood clot layer 103 within the paraffin layer 102.

[0038] (5) According to the pre-set position of the blood clot layer, use the fixing wire 8 to fix the blood clot layer 103 at this position. One end of the fixing wire 8 is connected to the paraffin layer 102 that wraps the blood clot layer 103, and the other end of the fixing wire 8 passes through the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and protrudes from the outer surface of the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model.

[0039] (6) Inject the mixed slurry into the cranial cavity 7 through the foramen magnum at the bottom of the lower model 2 in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. During the injection process of the mixed slurry, the temperature of the mixed slurry causes the paraffin layer 102 to melt. After cooling for 8 hours, the mixed slurry cools and solidifies to form the highly realistic brain tissue layer 101. Withdraw the fixing wire 8 to form a model specimen for simulation training. The highly realistic brain tissue layer 101 is formed by the cooling and solidification of a mixed slurry of soy milk, soy lecithin powder, and lactone. It can be recognized by CT, enabling the model specimen for simulation training to undergo CT verification, facilitating the localization of the hematoma, and further facilitating the training process of simulating the operation of removing the hematoma. Additionally, after the mixed slurry cools and solidifies, its elasticity, density, and moisture are basically close to the simulation effect of brain tissue. Insert the neuroendoscope sheath into the highly realistic brain tissue layer 101, and then the somatic sensation during the operation of removing the hematoma using the neuroendoscope is not much different from that in actual surgery, thus achieving the training purpose of hematoma removal.

[0040] (7) Perform a CT scan on the simulation training model to determine whether the position of the blood clot layer 103 has shifted. If it has shifted, disassemble the lower model 2 and the upper model 3, remove the substances in the cranial cavity 7, and repeat the above steps 1 to 5 to re-prepare. If it has not shifted, store the simulation training model at low temperature or soak it in a diluted formalin solution. The diluted formalin solution can ensure that the moisture of the model specimen is not easily lost and is not prone to decay and deterioration, increasing the storage time of the model specimen and keeping the model specimen unchanged for about a week.

[0041] Usage method of the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma: Set a window in the area of the blood clot layer corresponding to the upper model, and further use a neuroendoscope or microscope to simulate the operation of removing the hematoma for training. After the hematoma is removed, it can be verified again through CT to compare and observe and evaluate the completion degree of the hematoma removal operation.

[0042] Therefore, the present invention adopts the simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma with the above structure, and its preparation and use methods. This invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, convenient operation, excellent simulation effect and realistic CT imaging of hematoma, which is convenient to fix the position of the blood clot layer as needed, and is conducive to the primary neurosurgeons to judge the preoperative positioning of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, and is beneficial to improving the skills of primary neurosurgeons in simulating the removal of intracerebral hematoma under the assistance of neuroendoscope or microscope.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma, characterized in that: The simulation training model includes a 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and a brain model. The 1:1 high-fidelity skull model includes a lower model and an upper model. The upper model is located on top of the lower model, and the brain model is located in the cranial cavity between the lower model and the upper model. The brain model includes a high-fidelity brain tissue layer, a paraffin layer, and a blood clot layer. The paraffin layer and the blood clot layer are both located within the high-fidelity brain tissue layer. The blood clot layer is embedded within the paraffin layer. The paraffin layer is connected to a fixing wire inserted into the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model, and the other end of the fixing wire is located outside the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. There is a window on the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model corresponding to the blood clot layer. The blood clot layer is a pig blood clot or a chicken blood clot. A preparation method for a simulation training model for removing intracerebral hematoma includes the following steps: (1) Assemble and fix the lower model and the upper model in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. (2) Soak 250 grams of soybeans in warm water for 6 - 8 hours, crush them into a paste, put them into 1000 ml of boiling water, stir for 30 minutes, then cool, and filter out the soybean dregs to obtain soybean milk liquid. (3) Add soy lecithin powder and lactone to the soybean milk liquid, stir well to obtain a mixed slurry. The weight ratio of soybeans, soy lecithin powder, and lactone in the mixed slurry is 250:50:

3. Maintain the temperature of the mixed slurry at 80 - 90 degrees Celsius. (4) Embed the blood clot layer within the paraffin layer. (5) According to the pre-set position of the blood clot layer, use the fixing wire to fix the blood clot layer in this position. One end of the fixing wire is connected to the paraffin layer wrapping the blood clot layer, and the other end of the fixing wire passes through the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model and protrudes from the outer surface of the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. (6) Inject the mixed slurry into the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum at the bottom of the lower model in the 1:1 high-fidelity skull model. During the injection process of the mixed slurry, the temperature of the mixed slurry causes the paraffin layer to melt. After cooling for 8 hours, the mixed slurry cools and solidifies to form a high-fidelity brain tissue layer. Withdraw the fixing wire to form a "hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage" simulation training model for simulated surgical training. (7) Perform a CT scan on the simulation training model to determine whether the position of the blood clot layer has shifted. If it has shifted, disassemble the lower model and the upper model, remove the substances in the cranial cavity, and repeat the above steps (1) to (5) for re-preparation. If there is no shift, store the simulation training model at low temperature or soak it in a diluted formalin solution.

2. The preparation method of the simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the edge of the top of the lower model, there are evenly distributed jacks. At the bottom of the lower model, there is a foramen magnum communicating with the cranial cavity. At the bottom of the upper model, there are inserts corresponding to the jacks.

3. The preparation method of the simulation training model for clearing intracerebral hematoma according to claim 2, wherein: The number of the jacks is not less than 2.

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