A method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for testing the matching of an ignition element and an ignition agent of an electronic detonator, comprising the following steps: confirming whether to use a long-second or short-second quantity and then performing a dipping process; selecting a suitable ignition element according to the resistance; selecting a suitable ignition test box to perform an ignition sensitivity test, obtaining a minimum ignition voltage and a maximum non-ignition voltage, and determining an initial discharge voltage and a test step length; recording ignition and non-ignition situations; statistically analyzing the effective sample size; calculating a data validity judgment factor and a sample standard deviation, and determining a data validity judgment condition; calculating ignition voltages with different ignition probabilities; and performing an ignition reliability test. If ≥1 ignition fails, and if the failure is caused by the ignition agent mismatch, the ignition agent and the ignition element are rematched and retested. The present invention provides a basis for correctly selecting the ignition agent and the ignition element and achieving precise matching between the ignition agent and the ignition element, is conducive to improving the ignition rate of the detonator, and has a simple and efficient operation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic detonators, and particularly relates to a method for testing the matching performance of an ignition element and an ignition agent of an electronic detonator. Background Art

[0002] As the use of electronic detonators in blasting becomes increasingly common, the requirements for their ignition reliability and ignition rate are becoming increasingly stringent. During engineering blasting, the proper detonation of electronic detonators is crucial for safe production, and their ignition reliability is directly related to the success and safety of the blasting project. The compatibility between the ignition agent and the ignition element affects the ignition agent's reliable combustion, which in turn directly determines the ignition performance of the electronic detonator. Therefore, examining the compatibility between the ignition agent and the ignition element is of great significance.

[0003] At present, there are many factors that affect the matching of ignition agents and ignition elements, which are related to different manufacturers, the capacitance and resistance of the ignition element, the properties and purity of the ignition agent itself, the amount of adhesive used, and whether the personnel operation is standardized. The accuracy of common matching test methods is generally low, and the test steps are cumbersome. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new test method for the matching of the ignition element and ignition agent of electronic detonators, which will be able to maximize the ignition rate of electronic detonators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the matching between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and the above-mentioned technical effect, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for testing the compatibility of an ignition element and an ignition agent of an electronic detonator comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1) For the matching test, confirm whether to use long second or short second quantity and then carry out the dipping production work. When dipping, ensure that the ignition agent is from the same batch; select the appropriate ignition element according to the resistance size;

[0008] Step 2) Select a suitable ignition test box to perform an ignition sensitivity test, manually adjust the voltage up and down, use the ignition or non-ignition of the ignition element as the judgment standard, obtain the minimum ignition voltage and the maximum non-ignition voltage, then take the median of the two as the initial discharge voltage x0, and then determine the test step length d according to the ignition level;

[0009] Step 3) Use the ignition test box to adjust the voltage to x0 and record the ignition and non-ignition conditions;

[0010] Step 4) Calculate the effective sample size;

[0011] Step 5) Calculate the data validity judgment factor M and the sample standard deviation S to determine the data validity judgment conditions;

[0012] Step 6) Calculate the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50%, 99.99%, and 0.01%;

[0013] Step 7) Using the data from the ignition sensitivity test as the basis for correctly selecting the ignition element, the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 0.01% is used as the safety voltage, and the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 99.99% is used as the minimum ignition voltage. Then, an ignition reliability test is performed based on the minimum ignition voltage. If ≥1 rounds fail to ignite during the test, the cause is analyzed. If the failure is caused by the mismatch of the ignition agent, the ignition agent and the ignition element are rematched and the test is performed according to the above steps.

[0014] In step 3), the test steps for the second sample and each remaining sample are as follows:

[0015] If the test result of the previous sample is ignition, the test step length d is reduced by one for this test; if the test result of the previous sample is non-ignition, the test step length d is increased for this test. Repeat the above steps to obtain valid data of no less than 40 rounds.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1), the ignition element includes a powder-dipping module and an ignition test plate, and the powder-dipping module and the ignition test plate are tested separately or simultaneously according to steps 2) to 7).

[0017] Furthermore, the resistance of the drug dipping module and the ignition test board is 2±0.3Ω, 4±0.4Ω or 8±0.8Ω respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 4), the effective sample size should be counted from the previous shot with the opposite sign appearing at the beginning to the next shot with the opposite sign appearing at the end; the rule for determining the effective sample size is: set the total number of fires to N, and the total number of misfires to N', the total number of fires N and the total number of misfires N' should be equal or differ by one shot, if the two are equal, select any value of N or N' as the effective sample size, if the two are not equal, select the smaller one as the effective sample size, and the effective sample size is not less than 20 shots.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 5), the data validity determination condition is:

[0020] The amount of stimulation is 4-6;

[0021] The value range of the data validity judgment factor M is 0.3≤M≤0.8;

[0022] The range of the test step length d is d≤1.5S;

[0023] When the above data validity judgment conditions are not met, adjust the test step length d or the initial discharge voltage x0 appropriately and repeat step 3).

[0024] Furthermore, the step of adjusting the test step length d includes: adjusting the test step length d to be close to S;

[0025] The step of adjusting the initial discharge voltage x0 includes adjusting the initial discharge voltage x0 to a value close to the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50%.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 6), the ignition voltages with ignition probabilities of 99.99% and 0.01% are calculated when the confidence level is 0.90, 0.95 or 0.99.

[0027] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50% is:

[0028]

[0029] A=∑in i

[0030] Where N is the total number of fires; n i is the number of firings at a certain stimulation level; i starts counting from 0 and is calculated using the general rising and falling method;

[0031] The calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the confidence level is 0.95 and the ignition probability is 99.99% is:

[0032] x 99.99％ =x 50％ +3.719

[0033] At the same time, the calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 0.01% is:

[0034] x 0.01％ =x 50％ -3.719.

[0035] Furthermore, in step 7), the safety voltage is not less than 8.5V, and the minimum ignition voltage is: the long second value is not greater than 14V, and the short second value is not greater than 15V.

[0036] Furthermore, in step 7), when conducting the ignition reliability test, the long second quantity triggers the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 14V, and the short second quantity triggers the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 15V, and the test number shall not be less than 500 rounds.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The invention discloses a method for testing the matching of an ignition element and an ignition agent of an electronic detonator. The method performs an ignition sensitivity test through an ignition test box, and takes ignition or non-ignition of the ignition element as a judgment standard to obtain a minimum ignition voltage and a maximum non-ignition voltage; provides data validity judgment conditions, and provides ignition voltage values ​​when ignition probabilities are 50%, 99.99%, and 0.01%; performs an ignition reliability test based on the minimum ignition voltage, and if ≥1 ignitions fail during the test, performs a cause analysis; if the failure is caused by ignition agent mismatch, the ignition agent and the ignition element are rematched and the matching is retested; the testing method of the invention provides a basis for correctly selecting the ignition agent and the ignition element and achieving accurate matching between the ignition agent and the ignition element, is conducive to improving the ignition rate of the detonator, has a simple and efficient operation method, and has great industrial promotion and application value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] The following is a brief summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of all conceivable aspects and is neither intended to identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor to define the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be provided later.

[0041] A method for testing the compatibility of an ignition agent and an ignition element comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1) For the matching test, confirm whether to use long second or short second measurement before dipping the powder production work. When dipping the powder, it is necessary to ensure that the ignition agent is from the same batch to prevent the test results from being affected by the agent fluctuation; select the appropriate ignition element according to the resistance size, where the resistance should be within the process range: 2±0.3Ω or 4±0.4Ω or 8±0.8Ω.

[0043] Step 2) Use a verified and qualified ignition test box to conduct an ignition sensitivity test. For the ignition test box, refer to the Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN215810495U. Manually adjust the voltage increase and decrease to determine whether the ignition element (dipped powder module or ignition test board) ignites or does not ignite, and obtain the minimum ignition voltage and the maximum non-ignition voltage. Then take the median of the two as the initial discharge voltage x0, and then determine the test step length d according to the ignition level (that is, determine a reasonable variable increment between the minimum ignition voltage and the maximum non-ignition voltage).

[0044] Step 3) Use the ignition test box to adjust the voltage to x0 and record the ignition and non-ignition conditions. It should be noted that the test results are only ignition or non-ignition. During the test, each sample can only be tested once and cannot be reused. Even if it does not ignite, it should be destroyed. When destroying the sample, the voltage source output should be increased before ignition. After ignition is completed, the output voltage source amplitude should be adjusted to the minimum and the test switch should be disconnected.

[0045] During the test, the test steps for the second sample and each of the remaining samples are as follows:

[0046] If the test result of the previous sample is ignition, the test step length d is reduced by one for this test; if the test result of the previous sample is non-ignition, the test step length d is increased for this test. Repeat the above steps to obtain valid data of no less than 40 rounds.

[0047] Step 4) Count the effective sample size and draw it into a table, where the effective sample size should be counted from the previous round with the opposite sign at the beginning to the next round with the opposite sign at the end; the rule for determining the effective sample size (N) is: generally, the total number of fires N and the total number of misfires N' should be equal or differ by one round. If they are equal, select any value of N or N' as the effective sample size (N); if they are not equal, select the smaller one as the effective sample size (N). The effective sample size (N) should not be less than 20 rounds.

[0048] Step 5) Calculate the data validity judgment factor M and the sample standard deviation S to determine the data validity judgment conditions; the calculation formulas for the data validity judgment factor M and the sample standard deviation S are:

[0049] M=(NB-A 2 ) / N 2

[0050] S=1.620(M+0.029)d

[0051] A=∑in i

[0052] B=∑i 2 n i Among them, n i is the number of firings at a certain stimulation level; i starts counting from 0 and is calculated using the general rising and falling method;

[0053] The data validity determination conditions are:

[0054] The number of stimuli is i+1, which is 4-6 in total;

[0055] The value range of M is 0.3≤M≤0.8;

[0056] The range of the test step length d is d≤1.5S;

[0057] When the above data validity judgment conditions are not met, the test step length d or the initial discharge voltage x0 is appropriately adjusted, that is, the test step length d is adjusted to a value close to S, and the initial discharge voltage is adjusted to a value close to the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50%, and step 3 is repeated).

[0058] Step 6) Calculate the ignition voltage under different ignition probabilities:

[0059] The calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50% is:

[0060]

[0061] The ignition voltages with 99.99% and 0.01% ignition probabilities are calculated at confidence levels of 0.90, 0.95, or 0.99;

[0062] The calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the confidence level is 0.95 and the ignition probability is 99.99% is:

[0063] x 99.99％ =x 50％ +3.719

[0064] At the same time, the calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 0.01% is:

[0065] x 0.01％ =x 50％ -3.719.

[0066] Step 7) Use the data from the ignition sensitivity test as the basis for selecting the correct ignition element, according to GJBZ According to the process requirements of 377A-1994, GJB5309.9-2004, WJ9044-2004, WJT9039-2004, etc., the calculated safety voltage (ignition probability is 0.01%) is not less than 8.5V, and the minimum ignition voltage (ignition probability is 99.99%) is: the long second quantity is not more than 14V, and the short second quantity is not more than 15V; according to the above ignition test results, an ignition reliability test is carried out, the long second quantity ignites the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 14V, and the short second quantity ignites the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 15V. The number of tests shall not be less than 500 rounds. If ≥1 rounds fail to ignite during the test, a cause analysis shall be conducted from six aspects: people, machines, materials, methods, environment, and tests. If the failure to ignite is due to the matching of the ignition agent, the ignition agent and the ignition element shall be rematched and the test shall be carried out according to the above steps.

[0067] In step 7), the cause analysis can be conducted based on the proficiency of the staff, whether the production testing equipment used is accurate and regularly maintained, whether the raw materials have been stored for too long and aged, whether the quality is stable and reliable, whether the production testing methods are mature and reliable, and whether the humidity and protective measures of the production testing environment meet the standards.

[0068] In step 7), you can also perform the following checks to find the cause of the fire:

[0069] Step 1: Fire test box inspection:

[0070] (1) Confirm whether the gear position (long second quantity, short second quantity) of the ignition test box and the capacitor sub-board are correctly connected;

[0071] (2) Confirm whether the ignition voltage, current level and voltage parameter settings are correct;

[0072] (3) Confirm whether the ignition test box has sufficient power;

[0073] (4) Confirm whether the connection fixture (hand-held clamp / test hook) between the ignition test box and the ignition board is securely connected;

[0074] (5) Confirm whether the wire resistance and multi-lead resistance between the ignition test box and the connection fixture (hand-held clamp / test hook) of the ignition board exceed the standard, causing serious voltage division;

[0075] (6) Use a multimeter to confirm whether the output voltage at the end of the connection fixture (handheld clamp / test hook) of the ignition test box is consistent with the set voltage;

[0076] (7) Confirm whether the capacitance value of the test board inside the ignition test box is normal.

[0077] Step 2: Check the firing board:

[0078] (1) Confirm the resistance value of the ignition board (test connection pad position), whether it is beyond the normal resistance limit or open circuit state;

[0079] (2) Confirm whether the test pads of the ignition board are in abnormal condition, such as dirt, wear, etc., which may cause the risk of unreliable connection with the ignition test box.

[0080] Step 3: Check the drug heads:

[0081] (1) Confirm the appearance of the medicine head, such as size, integrity, dirtiness, hardness, etc.

[0082] (2) Confirm whether the dipping and drying conditions of this batch of medicine heads have been changed;

[0083] (3) When cutting the medicine head, try to avoid breaking it and maintain the integrity of the medicine head after separation. Observe whether there are any abnormal conditions such as paint soaking, foreign matter, air holes, and medicine stratification. Observe whether there are any signs of ignition on the surface of the medicine. Take photos of all phenomena and keep them.

[0084] Step 4: Check the ignition resistance:

[0085] (1) After dissection, observe the ignition resistor to see if there are any ignition marks in the bridge area, whether the resistor is placed upside down, or if there are any foreign objects on the resistor surface;

[0086] (2) For products with abnormal resistance values ​​of the ignition resistor in the second step, check the fracture location and determine whether the abnormal resistance value is caused by resistor melting, cracking, welding, etc.

[0087] Parts or structures not specifically described in the present invention may adopt existing technologies or existing products and will not be described in detail here.

[0088] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the compatibility of an ignition element and an ignition agent of an electronic detonator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) For the matching test, confirm whether to use long second or short second quantity and then carry out the dipping production work. When dipping, ensure that the ignition agent is from the same batch; select the appropriate ignition element according to the resistance size; Step 2) Select a suitable ignition test box to perform an ignition sensitivity test, manually adjust the voltage up and down, use the ignition or non-ignition of the ignition element as the judgment standard, obtain the minimum ignition voltage and the maximum non-ignition voltage, then take the median of the two as the initial discharge voltage x0, and then determine the test step length d according to the ignition level; Step 3) Use the ignition test box to adjust the voltage to x0 and record the ignition and non-ignition conditions; Step 4) Calculate the effective sample size; Step 5) Calculate the data validity judgment factor M and the sample standard deviation S to determine the data validity judgment conditions; Step 6) Calculate the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50%, 99.99%, and 0.01%; Step 7) Using the data from the ignition sensitivity test as the basis for correctly selecting the ignition element, the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 0.01% is used as the safety voltage, and the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 99.99% is used as the minimum ignition voltage. Then, an ignition reliability test is performed based on the minimum ignition voltage. If ≥1 rounds fail to ignite during the test, the cause is analyzed. If the failure is caused by the mismatch of the ignition agent, the ignition agent and the ignition element are rematched and the test is performed according to the above steps. In step 3), the test steps for the second sample and each remaining sample are as follows: If the test result of the previous sample is ignition, the test step length d is reduced by one for this test; if the test result of the previous sample is non-ignition, the test step length d is increased for this test. Repeat the above steps to obtain valid data of no less than 40 rounds.

2. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the ignition element includes a powder-dip module and an ignition test plate, and the powder-dip module and the ignition test plate are tested separately or simultaneously according to steps 2) to 7).

3. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The resistances of the drug dipping module and the ignition test board are 2±0.3Ω, 4±0.4Ω or 8±0.8Ω respectively.

4. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the effective sample size should be counted from the previous shot with the opposite sign appearing at the beginning to the next shot with the opposite sign appearing at the end; the rule for determining the effective sample size is: set the total number of fires to N, and the total number of misfires to N', the total number of fires N and the total number of misfires N' should be equal or differ by one shot, if the two are equal, select any value of N or N' as the effective sample size, if the two are not equal, select the smaller one as the effective sample size, and the effective sample size is not less than 20 shots.

5. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5), the data validity determination conditions are: The amount of stimulation is 4-6; The value range of the data validity judgment factor M is 0.3≤M≤0.8; The range of the test step length d is d≤1.5S; When the above data validity judgment conditions are not met, adjust the test step length d or the initial discharge voltage x0 appropriately and repeat step 3).

6. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the test step length d includes: adjusting the test step length d to be close to S; The step of adjusting the initial discharge voltage x0 includes adjusting the initial discharge voltage x0 to a value close to the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50%.

7. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6), the ignition voltages with an ignition probability of 99.99% and 0.01% are calculated when the confidence level is 0.

95.

8. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 50% is: Where N is the total number of fires; n i is the number of firings at a certain stimulation level; i starts counting from 0 and is calculated using the general rising and falling method; The calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the confidence level is 0.95 and the ignition probability is 99.99% is: x 99.99％ =x 50％ +3.719 At the same time, the calculation formula for the ignition voltage when the ignition probability is 0.01% is: x 0.01％ =x 50％ -3.719。 9. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7), the safety voltage is not less than 8.5V, and the minimum ignition voltage is: the long second value is not more than 14V, and the short second value is not more than 15V.

10. The method for testing the compatibility between the ignition element and the ignition agent of an electronic detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 7), when conducting the ignition reliability test, the long second quantity is used to ignite the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 14V, and the short second quantity is used to ignite the ignition element with a constant output voltage of 15V. The test quantity shall not be less than 500 rounds.

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