A microbial agent for improving aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a microbial agent for improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and its application. The microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus lentus powder, Lactobacillus parafarinis powder, Bacillus subtilis powder and Alcaligenes faecalis powder with a carrier. The agent of the present invention is mainly used in various fermentation material systems of livestock and poultry manure or a composite of the same with agricultural waste, and has a wide range of application scenarios; and the agent can not only significantly improve the fermentation and maturity rate of livestock and poultry manure and accelerate the maturity process, but also significantly reduce the odor generated during the fermentation process, improve the air quality of the surrounding environment, and improve the comfort of the workers' working environment. In addition, its production is controllable, the product quality is stable, the application cost is low, and it has good market promotion and application value and potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and specifically relates to a microbial agent for improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the development trend of my country's animal husbandry has continued to improve and stabilize, and with the advancement of technology, the scale of livestock and poultry farming has also been significantly improved, and the supply of meat, eggs and milk has also been greatly guaranteed. However, the contradiction between the excessive amount of livestock and poultry manure and the low utilization efficiency has also begun to emerge, making the treatment and utilization of livestock and poultry manure a key problem in the management of livestock and poultry waste. As one of the main technical paths for livestock and poultry manure treatment, composting of livestock and poultry manure mainly utilizes the efficient biochemical conversion ability of microorganisms to degrade organic matter and cellulose in the manure, so that the livestock and poultry manure is humified, mineralized and harmless, and finally becomes a decomposed organic fertilizer. Anaerobic and aerobic composting are two of the most widely used bio-composting fermentation modes. Aerobic composting is currently the most widely used composting fermentation mode. It is a process of biodegradation, transformation and synthesis of humus by microorganisms under aerobic conditions. A large amount of heat is released during the biodegradation process, which can effectively reduce and remove pathogenic microorganisms in livestock and poultry manure, thereby achieving the purpose of harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure. Aerobic composting treatment can also effectively reduce the pressure of livestock and poultry manure on the ecological environment and realize the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure.

[0003] However, in aerobic composting, a complex process of organic matter degradation and maturity, microorganisms play a key and decisive role. Traditional aerobic composting has problems such as long composting cycle, slow decomposition of organic matter, low nutrient retention rate, low humification and poor maturity. The transformation of organic matter and the fermentation and maturity of organic fertilizers are highly dependent on the action of microorganisms. Different types or populations of microorganisms have a significant effect on the fermentation and maturity of feces, especially the number of microorganisms in the initial period of fermentation has a huge impact on the fermentation process. Therefore, the addition of exogenous microbial agents plays an important role in improving the fermentation rate of organic fertilizers from livestock and poultry manure and promoting the fermentation process. The configuration of Youyi's exogenous microbial agent components can significantly improve the degradation activity of microorganisms in fermented materials, promote the fermentation and maturity of organic fertilizers, accelerate the aerobic fermentation and composting process, and have a certain prevention and improvement effect on the odor generated in the process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a microbial agent for improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and its application. The present invention mixes Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus alcaligenes faecalis with a carrier, making full use of the advantages and mutual cooperation between different microbial strains, and has the ability to promote the fermentation process of livestock and poultry manure and reduce the fermentation odor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a microbial agent for improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure. The microbial agent comprises mixed bacterial powder and a carrier; the mixed bacterial powder comprises Bacillus lentus powder, Lactobacillus parafarinis powder, Bacillus subtilis powder and Alcaligenes faecalis powder.

[0007] Furthermore, the Bacillus lentus powder is prepared by using Bacillus lentus GBW-HB1902 with a preservation number of CGMCC No.18392; and the Lactobacillus parafarinis powder is prepared by using Lactobacillus parafarinis GBW-HB1903 with a preservation number of CGMCC No.18391.

[0008] Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis powder is prepared from Bacillus subtilis S2 with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 19824; the Bacillus faecalis powder is prepared from Bacillus faecalis GBW-HB1905 with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 20364. Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis S2 with a deposit number of CGMCC No. 19824.

[0009] Furthermore, the live bacterial counts of Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Alcaligenes faecalis in the mixed bacterial powder are 1 to 5 billion CFU / g, 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g, 1 to 5 billion CFU / g and 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the carrier is at least one of skimmed milk powder, talcum powder, calcium carbonate and glucose.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the microbial agent is:

[0012] (1) activating and culturing Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus faecalis to obtain Bacillus lentus bacterial solution, Lactobacillus parafarinis bacterial solution, Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution and Bacillus faecalis bacterial solution, respectively;

[0013] (2) mixing the Bacillus lentus bacterial solution and the Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution in an equal volume ratio, adding a carrier, spray drying, and adding the carrier again to the obtained dry bacterial powder to obtain bacterial powder F;

[0014] (3) mixing the Lactobacillus parafarinis bacterial solution and the Alcaligenes faecalis bacterial solution in an equal volume ratio, adding a carrier, vacuum freeze-drying, and adding the carrier again to the obtained dry bacterial powder to obtain bacterial powder C;

[0015] (4) The bacterial powder F and the bacterial powder C are mixed in equal mass ratios, and a carrier is added to the obtained mixed bacterial powder to obtain a microbial agent.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (2) and step (3), the mass of the carrier is 1 to 5 times the volume of the mixed bacterial solution and 5 to 10 times the mass of the dry bacterial powder; in step (4), the mass of the carrier is 10-50 times the mass of the mixed bacterial powder.

[0017] The present invention also provides the use of the microbial agent in improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and reducing the fermentation odor.

[0018] Furthermore, the added amount of the microbial agent is 0.2‰ to 5‰ of the mass of the fermentation material system.

[0019] Furthermore, the livestock and poultry manure is chicken manure, pig manure and cow manure.

[0020] Furthermore, the microbial agent can increase the fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure by more than 30%, the removal rate of ammonia is more than 97%, the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide is more than 99%, and the overall odor removal is significant.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0022] The microbial agent of the present invention is composed of a variety of microbial strains with different functions. The microbial agent can rapidly reproduce and grow and metabolize in an aerobic environment. The Bacillus lentus and Bacillus subtilis in the agent can rapidly and highly produce abundant enzyme systems such as cellulase, lipase, amylase and protease. The enzyme series can significantly catalyze and promote the degradation of fiber, protein, fat and starch in macromolecular organic matter, accelerate and improve the decomposition process and efficiency of organic matter in feces; in addition, the Lactobacillus parasitogenes and Alcaligenes faecalis in the agent can effectively degrade ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other volatile organic compounds produced during the fermentation process, significantly reduce the odor produced during the fermentation process, and improve the environmental quality. In addition, the microbial agent has the characteristics of controllable production, stable product quality, low application cost, simple and convenient use, significant effect, environmental protection and pollution-free, so it has good application value and prospects in the application field of increasing the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and reducing the fermentation odor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a laboratory evaluation of the effect of the microbial inoculant on ammonia removal during fecal fermentation.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a laboratory evaluation of the effect of the microbial inoculant on the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide during fecal fermentation.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a field pilot evaluation of the effect of the microbial agent on ammonia removal rate during fecal fermentation.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a field pilot evaluation of the effect of the microbial agent on the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide during fecal fermentation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used can be purchased from biological or chemical reagent companies.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A microbial agent that can significantly increase the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and reduce the fermentation odor, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0030] 1. Bacillus lentus GBW-HB1902, Lactobacillus parafarinis GBW-HB1903, Bacillus subtilis S2 and Alcaligenes faecalis GBW-HB1905 were activated in corresponding culture media respectively, and cultured in respective culture media to obtain bacterial liquids of the respective bacteria.

[0031] The culture medium formula and conditions of Bacillus lentus are: 25 g soy peptone, 3 g yeast extract, 40 g glucose, 2 g sodium chloride, 1000 ml water, pH 7.0, culture time 60 h, and culture temperature 35°C.

[0032] The culture medium formula and conditions of Lactobacillus parramarginis are: 50-100g of glucose, 5-15g of soy peptone, 1-5g of yeast extract, 1-4g of K2HPO4, 1.5-3g of triammonium citrate, 0.5-1g of MgSO4·7H2O, 1-5g of sodium acetate, 1-3ml of Tween 80, 1-7g of CaCO3, 0.15-0.5g of MnSO4·4H2O, 1000ml of distilled water, pH 6.0-6.5, culture time 16-24 hours, and culture temperature 25-35°C.

[0033] The culture medium formula and conditions of Bacillus subtilis are: 100 g glucose, 20 g soy peptone, 5 g NaCl, 1000 mL distilled water, pH 7.0, culture time 20 h, culture temperature 37°C.

[0034] The culture medium formula and conditions of Alcaligenes faecalis are: 30 g glucose, 5 g peptone, 5 g yeast powder, 5 g corn steep liquor powder, 10 g NaCl, 2 g NH4Cl, 0.5 g KH2PO4, 0.1 g FeSO4·7H2O, 2 g Na2HPO4, 0.1 g MgSO4·7H2O, 1000 mL distilled water, pH 7.5, culture time 18 h, culture temperature 28 °C.

[0035] The depository unit of the Bacillus lentus GBW-HB1902 is the General Microbiology Center (CGMCC) of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration; address: No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; deposit date: August 16, 2019; the deposit number of Bacillus lentus is CGMCC No.18392.

[0036] The depository unit of the Lactobacillus parafarraginis GBW-HB1903 is: General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration (CGMCC); address: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; deposit date: August 16, 2019; the deposit number of Lactobacillus parafarraginis is CGMCC No. 18391.

[0037] The depository unit of the Bacillus subtilis S2 is the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration (CGMCC); address: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; deposit date: May 15, 2020; the deposit number of Bacillus subtilis is: CGMCC No.19824.

[0038] The depository unit of the Alcaligenes faecalis GBW-HB1905 is the General Microbiology Center (CGMCC) of the China Culture Collection Administration; address: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; deposit date: July 15, 2020; the deposit number of Alcaligenes faecalis is: CGMCC No. 20364.

[0039] 2. After mixing the cultured Bacillus lentus liquid and Bacillus subtilis liquid in a volume ratio of 1:1, take 1.0L of the mixed liquid and add 1.0kg of calcium carbonate. After evenly mixing, the mixture is spray-dried at a tower temperature of 82°C and an air outlet temperature of 78°C to prepare bacterial powder. 1kg of carrier is added again to prepare bacterial powder F with a bacterial content of 100 billion CFU / g.

[0040] 3. After mixing the cultured Lactobacillus parramigonis liquid and the Alcaligenes faecalis liquid in a volume ratio of 1:1, add 1.0 kg of sterilized skim milk powder to 1.0 L of the mixed liquid, mix well, and vacuum freeze-dry at -45 ° C to obtain bacterial powder, and then add 5 kg of carrier to make a mixed bacterial powder C with a bacterial content of 50 billion CFU / g.

[0041] 4. Then, the obtained bacterial powder F and bacterial powder C were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare mixed bacterial powder.

[0042] 5. Finally, the mixed bacterial powder and the carrier are prepared into a microbial agent in a mass ratio of 1:10-50.

[0043] The live bacterial counts of Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus faecalis in the microbial agent are 1 billion to 5 billion CFU / g, 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g, 1 billion to 5 billion CFU / g and 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g respectively.

[0044] In this embodiment, the carrier is at least one of skimmed milk powder, talcum powder, calcium carbonate and glucose.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Chicken manure, pig manure and cow manure were collected from the farm for use in the experiment. At the same time, waste straw from the farmland was collected and cut into small segments of about 0.5 cm by a crusher to be used as auxiliary materials and mixed with livestock and poultry manure. In this experiment, a round open fermentation barrel with a volume of 50 liters was used. A ventilation aeration head was installed at the bottom of the barrel to ventilate during the fermentation process to ensure the oxygen flux of the fermentation environment and maintain an aerobic fermentation state. The experiment set up 6 treatment groups, each with two parallels, and the treatment groups were: CK1 (chicken manure + straw), A1 (chicken manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent), CK2 (pig manure + straw), A2 (pig manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent), CK3 (cow manure + straw), A3 (cow manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent); in the experiment, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material was adjusted to about 25:1, the initial moisture content was 65-70%, and the fermentation cycle was 35 days. Starting from the 15th day of fermentation, each group was sampled every day to detect the organic matter content, total nutrient content and moisture content to determine whether the fermentation was completed. At the same time, since the first day of fermentation, a pump-suction composite gas rapid analyzer was used to detect the changes in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the fermentation process at a fixed time every day, and the average concentration of the corresponding gas during the fermentation cycle was recorded and calculated to obtain the change rate; and finally the changes in the sensory concentration of odor in each group were judged by smell.

[0047] The experimental results showed that the fermentation of the CK1, CK2 and CK3 fermentation groups without microbial agents was completed on the 32nd, 33rd and 35th day, respectively, while the fermentation of the A1, A2 and A3 fermentation groups with microbial agents was completed on 20th, 22nd and 24th day, respectively. The fermentation rates of each group increased by 37.5%, 33.3% and 31.4%, respectively. Moreover, the average removal rate of ammonia in the experimental groups with added microbial agents during the entire fermentation period was above 97% compared with the blank control group (e.g. Figure 1 As shown), the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide is above 99% (as shown Figure 2 In addition, the matured material after fermentation was evaluated by different personnel through olfactory sensory judgment and scoring, and it was concluded that the odor of the experimental groups with added bacterial agents was significantly improved compared with the blank control group, and there was almost no bad odor.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer production and manufacturing site in Weifang, Shandong Province was selected to conduct on-site pilot experiments on chicken manure, pig manure and cow manure. Farmland waste straw cut into small segments of about 0.5 cm by a crusher was also added as an auxiliary material to be mixed with livestock and poultry manure. This experiment used a fermentation tank with a length, width and depth of 12×3×0.6 for the compost fermentation experiment. A ventilation aeration head was installed at the bottom of the fermentation tank to perform air blowing and ventilation during the fermentation process to ensure the oxygen flux of the fermentation environment and maintain an aerobic fermentation state. The experiment also set up 6 treatment groups, namely: CKJ (chicken manure + straw), J (chicken manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent), CKZ (pig manure + straw), Z (pig manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent), CKN (cow manure + straw), N (cow manure + straw + 0.2‰ microbial agent); at the beginning of the experiment, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material was adjusted to about 25:1, the initial moisture content was 65-70%, and the fermentation cycle was also set to 35 days. On the 15th day of the start of fermentation, each group was sampled every day to detect the organic matter content, total nutrient content and moisture content to determine whether the fermentation was completed. At the same time, a pump-suction composite gas rapid analyzer was used to detect the changes in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide during the fermentation process at a fixed time every day since the first day of fermentation, and the average concentration of the corresponding gas during the fermentation cycle was recorded and calculated to obtain the change rate; and finally the changes in the odor sensory concentration of each group were judged by smell.

[0050] The results of the experimental analysis showed that the fermentation of the CKJ, CKZ and CKN fermentation groups without microbial agents was completed on the 28th, 30th and 32nd day, respectively, while the fermentation of the J, Z and N fermentation groups with microbial agents was completed on 19th, 21st and 22nd day, respectively. The fermentation rates of each group increased by 32.1%, 30% and 31.2%, respectively. Moreover, the average removal rate of ammonia in the experimental groups with added microbial agents during the entire fermentation period was also above 97% compared with the blank control group (e.g. Figure 3 As shown), the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide is above 99% (as shown Figure 4 The results showed that the odor of the experimental groups with added bacterial agents was significantly improved compared with the blank control group.

[0051] The above-mentioned small-scale experiments and pilot application evaluation results show that the microbial agent can significantly increase the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and reduce the fermentation odor. The fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure is increased by more than 30%, the removal rate of ammonia can reach more than 97%, the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide is more than 99%, and the overall odor removal is significant. In addition, the microbial agent is controllable in production, stable in quality, simple and convenient to use, and low in application cost, and has good market promotion and application value and potential.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for a person skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial agent for improving the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure, It is characterized in that The microbial agent comprises mixed bacterial powder and a carrier; the mixed bacterial powder comprises Bacillus lentus powder, Lactobacillus parafarinis powder, Bacillus subtilis powder and Alcaligenes faecalis powder; The Bacillus lentus powder is prepared from Bacillus lentus with a preservation number of CGMCC No.18392 ( Bacillus lentus )GBW-HB1902; the Lactobacillus parasitica powder is prepared by using Lactobacillus parasitica with a preservation number of CGMCC No.18391 ( Lactobacillus parafarraginis )GBW-HB1903; The Bacillus subtilis powder is a Bacillus subtilis powder with a preservation number of CGMCC No.19824 ( Bacillus subtilis )S2 is prepared; the faecal alcaligenes powder is made of faecal alcaligenes with a preservation number of CGMCC No.20364 ( Alcaligenes faecalis )GBW-HB1905.

2. The microbial agent according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The live bacterial amounts of Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus faecalis in the mixed bacterial powder are 1 billion to 5 billion CFU / g, 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g, 1 billion to 5 billion CFU / g and 500 million to 2.5 billion CFU / g respectively.

3. The microbial agent according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The carrier is at least one of skimmed milk powder, talcum powder, calcium carbonate and glucose.

4. The microbial agent according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: (1) activating and culturing Bacillus lentus, Lactobacillus parafarinis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus faecalis to obtain Bacillus lentus bacterial solution, Lactobacillus parafarinis bacterial solution, Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution and Bacillus faecalis bacterial solution, respectively; (2) mixing the Bacillus lentus bacterial solution and the Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution in an equal volume ratio, adding a carrier, spray drying, and adding the carrier again to the obtained dry bacterial powder to obtain bacterial powder F; (3) mixing the Lactobacillus parafarinis bacterial solution and the Alcaligenes faecalis bacterial solution in an equal volume ratio, adding a carrier, vacuum freeze-drying, and adding the carrier again to the obtained dry bacterial powder to obtain bacterial powder C; (4) The bacterial powder F and the bacterial powder C are mixed in equal mass ratios, and a carrier is added to the obtained mixed bacterial powder to obtain a microbial agent.

5. The microbial agent according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The mass of the carrier in step (2) and step (3) is 1 to 5 times the volume of the mixed bacterial solution and 5 to 10 times the mass of the dry bacterial powder; the mass of the carrier in step (4) is 10 to 50 times the mass of the mixed bacterial powder.

6. Use of the microbial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in increasing the aerobic fermentation rate of livestock and poultry manure and reducing the fermentation odor.

7. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The added amount of the microbial agent is 0.2‰~5‰ of the mass of the fermentation material system.

8. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The livestock and poultry excrement includes chicken excrement, pig excrement and cow excrement.

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