A discharge unit of a centrifugal extractor and a centrifugal extractor
By designing discharge units with axial and radial discharge sections in the centrifugal extractor, the problems of limited applicability and high power consumption when the density difference between light and heavy phase liquids is small are solved, achieving low-power and high-efficiency separation of light and heavy phase liquids.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210351078.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing centrifugal extractors have a limited range of applications and high power consumption when the density difference between the light and heavy phase liquids is small, and cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of small density difference between the light and heavy phase liquids and low power consumption.
Design a discharge unit for a centrifugal extractor, including axial and radial discharge sections. The light phase discharge channel and the heavy phase discharge channel are respectively arranged in the radial and axial directions. The light phase discharge hole is close to the axis of the drum. The heavy phase discharge channel is radially overlapped with the light phase discharge channel. A clearance space and a detachable heavy phase weir plate are provided to simplify the structure.
It reduces the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor, prevents the light phase liquid from entering the heavy phase discharge channel, improves the radial proximity of the light and heavy phase liquids, and reduces the amount of light phase liquid entrained in the clarified heavy phase liquid.
Smart Images
Figure CN116920451B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of centrifugal extractors, specifically relating to a discharge unit of a centrifugal extractor and the centrifugal extractor itself. Background Technology
[0002] Centrifugal extractors typically consist of a housing containing a rotating drum. A mixture of immiscible liquids of different densities enters the drum. As the drum rotates, centrifugal force causes the less dense liquid to move towards the axis of rotation, while the denser liquid moves away, thus separating the light and heavy phases. Due to its high level of automation, compact structure, small size, high separation efficiency, and strong continuous operation capability, it is widely used in petrochemical, food processing, pharmaceutical, bioengineering, and hydrometallurgical industries. When the drum rotates, the centrifugal force acting on the light and heavy phases differs from the vertical gravitational force by tens or hundreds of times; their own weight is negligible. Therefore, the gravitational force on the liquid inside the drum can be considered to be radially outward from the drum.
[0003] Currently, the design of the light and heavy phase channels in centrifugal extractors on the market is similar to... Figure 1 As shown: The interior of the drum 1 is equipped with a drainage pipe 2. The radially inner space of the drainage pipe 2 forms a light phase discharge channel 3 extending in the vertical direction, allowing the light phase liquid 5 to be discharged upwards into the corresponding light phase collection chamber. The bottom end of the drainage pipe 2 is equipped with an annular baffle 22, which extends radially outwards from the drainage pipe 2 to form an L-shaped heavy phase discharge channel 4 between the drainage pipe 2 and the inner wall of the drum, allowing the heavy phase liquid 6 to be discharged from the drum 1. In this design, the light phase discharge channel 3 is close to the center of the rotating shaft 7, resulting in the smallest radius of rotation. The centrifugal force generated by the light phase liquid 5 does minimal work on the drum 1, ensuring the stability of the centrifuge operation and low power consumption of the drum. However, when the density difference between the light and heavy phase liquids in the mixture is small, the heavy phase discharge channel 4 needs to be designed close to the rotating shaft 7 so that the heavy phase discharge channel 4 is radially close to the light phase discharge channel 3. However, since the guide pipe 2 is located between the heavy phase discharge channel 4 and the light phase discharge channel 3 and has a certain thickness, the heavy phase discharge channel 4 cannot be infinitely close radially. Therefore, this type of centrifugal extractor design is not suitable for situations where the density difference between the two liquids is small, limiting its applicability. The above design can be referenced in patent document CN206688275U, which discloses a light phase axial discharge structure for a centrifugal extractor.
[0004] Currently, the design of the light and heavy phase channels in centrifugal extractors on the market is as follows: Figure 2As shown: A perforation or fan-shaped channel is opened radially in the drum 1 to form a light phase discharge channel 3. The light phase liquid 5 is discharged from the innermost liquid surface inside the drum 1 through centrifugal acceleration. The heavy phase liquid 6 is discharged from the heavy phase discharge channel 4 above the light phase discharge channel 3 on the drum 1. Although this design can make the discharge liquid surfaces of the light and heavy phases infinitely close radially, improving the applicability of the centrifugal extractor, the light phase liquid 5 must pass through the drum 1 when discharged. During the discharge process, the drum 1 continuously accelerates the liquid, resulting in increased power consumption of the clarified liquid and thus higher power consumption of the centrifugal extractor. Furthermore, because the light phase liquid 5 has a high velocity at the end of the light phase discharge channel 3, it is more likely to atomize when discharged from the drum 1. Some of the atomized liquid may escape into the heavy phase discharge channel 4, resulting in the heavy phase liquid discharged from the drum 1 containing light phase liquid, leading to poor centrifugal extraction effect. The above design can be referenced in patent document CN109011691A, which discloses a top-suspended, low-power, weak-shear liquid-liquid centrifugal extractor.
[0005] Neither of the two discharge methods mentioned above in the existing technology can simultaneously meet the requirements of small density difference between light and heavy phase liquids and low power consumption. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a discharge unit for a centrifugal extractor to solve the technical problems of limited applicability and high power consumption in existing centrifugal extractors. This invention also provides a centrifugal extractor to solve the aforementioned problems.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention is as follows: A discharge unit of a centrifugal extractor is coaxially disposed on the top of a rotating drum. The discharge unit includes an axial discharge portion disposed on the top of the rotating drum. The axial discharge portion is provided with a light phase upper discharge channel extending in a vertical direction and a heavy phase upper discharge channel located radially outside the light phase upper discharge channel. Above the axial discharge portion is a radial discharge portion, which is provided with a light phase discharge channel and a heavy phase discharge channel. The bottom end of the heavy phase discharge channel communicates with the heavy phase upper discharge channel. The light phase discharge channel... The bottom end is connected to the upper discharge channel of the light phase; the top end of the light phase discharge channel has an opening or a closed structure, and the radial outer side of the radial discharge section is provided with a light phase discharge hole that is connected to the light phase discharge channel for discharging the light phase liquid from the discharge unit. The outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the axial discharge section. The heavy phase discharge channel has an axial extension section and a radial extension section. The radial extension section is connected to the top end of the axial extension section. A clearance space is provided directly above the outer wall of the upper discharge channel of the light phase for avoiding the radial inner edge of the radial extension section.
[0008] The beneficial effects are as follows: In the discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor provided by this invention, the upper discharge channel of the light phase on the inner side of the annular wall is connected to the light phase discharge channel, and the upper discharge channel of the heavy phase on the outer side of the annular wall is connected to the heavy phase discharge channel, which facilitates the separate discharge of the light phase liquid and the heavy phase liquid from the discharge unit. The outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the axial discharge part, which helps to reduce the radial dimension of the light phase discharge hole, avoids the centrifugal extractor drum from doing extra work on the clarified light phase liquid, and thus helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor. At the same time, due to the setting of the clearance space, a portion of the radial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel... The radial alignment of the light phase discharge channel with the heavy phase discharge channel not only allows the light and heavy phase liquids to approach each other more closely in the radial direction, but also increases the distance between the boundary between the light and heavy phase mixture inside the drum and the upper discharge channel of the heavy phase, preventing the light phase liquid from entering the heavy phase discharge channel. This, in turn, helps reduce the amount of light phase liquid entrained in the clarified heavy phase liquid. Compared to existing centrifugal extractors that use only the light phase discharge in the radial direction of the drum or separate the light and heavy phase discharges through a drain pipe, this method allows the light and heavy phase liquids in the centrifugal extractor to approach each other infinitely in the radial direction while also reducing the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor.
[0009] As a further improvement, the top of the radial discharge section is provided with a radial slot communicating with the top of the axial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel. The discharge unit also includes a heavy phase weir plate for removably sealing the radial slot to form the radial extension together with the radial slot. The radial inner edge of the heavy phase weir plate is located directly above the wall outside the light phase upper discharge channel.
[0010] The beneficial effect is that the radial extension section is formed by the removable cover of the heavy phase weir plate on the radial slot and the radial slot together, which helps to simplify the mechanism of the radial discharge section and facilitates manufacturing.
[0011] As a further improvement, the heavy phase weir plate is arranged in blocks in the circumferential direction.
[0012] The beneficial effects are: the heavy phase weir plate is set in sections, which reduces the weight of the heavy phase weir plate while ensuring that the heavy phase liquid can be guided, which helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor, simplifies the structure, and facilitates manufacturing.
[0013] As a further improvement, the radial discharge section is separately arranged from the axial discharge section. The heavy phase discharge channel and the light phase discharge channel form openings on the bottom surface of the radial discharge section for communicating with the heavy phase upper discharge channel and the light phase upper discharge channel, respectively.
[0014] The beneficial effect is that the radial discharge section and the axial discharge section are set up separately, making the ports of the light phase discharge channel and the heavy phase discharge channel visible, which facilitates manufacturing.
[0015] As a further improvement, the light phase discharge channel is formed by an annular cavity on the radial discharge section.
[0016] The beneficial effects are: the light phase discharge channel is formed by the annular cavity of the radial discharge section itself, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.
[0017] As a further improvement, the top of the outer wall of the light phase discharge channel is provided with an inner folded edge, which is folded towards the upward opening of the light phase discharge channel.
[0018] The beneficial effect is that the top of the light phase discharge channel is folded, so that the heavy phase liquid in the heavy phase discharge channel will not fall into the light phase discharge channel under the high speed of the drum.
[0019] As a further improvement, an annular groove is provided on the radial inner side of the channel wall on the side away from the axis of the discharge unit of the light phase discharge channel, and the radial inner end of the light phase discharge hole is connected to the annular groove.
[0020] The beneficial effect is that the ring groove can buffer the light phase liquid in the light phase discharge channel, making it easier for the light phase liquid to flow into the light phase discharge hole.
[0021] As a further improvement, the inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is a circumferentially curved surface.
[0022] The beneficial effect is that the inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is curved, which helps to reduce the impact of the light phase discharge hole on the light phase liquid and avoids splashing of the liquid discharged from the light phase discharge hole.
[0023] As a further improvement, the portion of the radial discharge section corresponding to the light phase discharge hole is a small-diameter portion, and the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion is smaller than the diameter of the adjacent portion.
[0024] The beneficial effects are: the smaller diameter of the minor diameter section helps to further reduce the radial size of the light phase discharge hole, better avoids the drum doing more extra work on the light phase liquid in the light phase discharge hole, and thus helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor.
[0025] The technical solution of the centrifugal extractor provided by this invention is as follows: A centrifugal extractor includes a housing, a rotating shaft on the housing, a rotating drum fixed on the rotating shaft, and a discharge unit coaxially disposed at the top of the rotating drum for discharging the light phase liquid and the heavy phase liquid in the rotating drum. The discharge unit includes an axial discharge section disposed at the top of the rotating drum, the axial discharge section having a light phase upper discharge channel extending in a vertical direction and a heavy phase upper discharge channel located radially outside the light phase upper discharge channel. Above the axial discharge section is a radial discharge section, the radial discharge section having a light phase discharge channel and a heavy phase discharge channel, the bottom end of the heavy phase discharge channel communicating with the heavy phase upper discharge channel. The light phase discharge channel is connected to the light phase upper discharge channel at its bottom end; the top end of the light phase discharge channel has an opening or a closed structure; the radial outer side of the radial discharge section is provided with a light phase discharge hole that communicates with the light phase discharge channel, which is used to discharge the light phase liquid from the discharge unit; the outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the axial discharge section; the heavy phase discharge channel has an axial extension section and a radial extension section, with the radial extension section connected to the top end of the axial extension section; a clearance space is provided directly above the outer wall of the light phase upper discharge channel to avoid the radial inner edge of the radial extension section.
[0026] The beneficial effects are as follows: In the centrifugal extractor provided by this invention, the upper discharge channel of the light phase on the inner side of the annular wall is connected to the light phase discharge channel, and the upper discharge channel of the heavy phase on the outer side of the annular wall is connected to the heavy phase discharge channel, which facilitates the separate discharge of the light phase liquid and the heavy phase liquid from the discharge unit; the outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the axial discharge part, which helps to reduce the radial dimension of the light phase discharge hole, avoids the centrifugal extractor drum from doing extra work on the clarified light phase liquid, and thus helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor; a portion of the radial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel is connected to the light phase discharge channel. Radial overlap not only allows the light and heavy phase liquids to approach each other radially, but also increases the distance between the boundary line of the light and heavy phase mixture inside the drum and the upper discharge channel of the heavy phase, preventing the light phase liquid from entering the heavy phase discharge channel. This, in turn, helps reduce the amount of light phase liquid entrained in the clarified heavy phase liquid. Compared to existing centrifugal extractors that use only the light phase liquid discharge radially on the drum or separate the light and heavy phase liquids through a guide pipe, this method allows the light and heavy phase liquids to approach each other radially while also reducing the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor.
[0027] As a further improvement, the top of the radial discharge section is provided with a radial slot communicating with the top of the axial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel. The discharge unit also includes a heavy phase weir plate for removably sealing the radial slot to form the radial extension together with the radial slot. The radial inner edge of the heavy phase weir plate is located directly above the wall outside the light phase upper discharge channel.
[0028] The beneficial effect is that the radial extension section is formed by the removable cover of the heavy phase weir plate on the radial slot and the radial slot together, which helps to simplify the mechanism of the radial discharge section and facilitates manufacturing.
[0029] As a further improvement, the heavy phase weir plate is arranged in blocks in the circumferential direction.
[0030] The beneficial effects are: the heavy phase weir plate is set in sections, which reduces the weight of the heavy phase weir plate while ensuring that the heavy phase liquid can be guided, which helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor, simplifies the structure, and facilitates manufacturing.
[0031] As a further improvement, the radial discharge section is separately arranged from the axial discharge section. The heavy phase discharge channel and the light phase discharge channel form openings on the bottom surface of the radial discharge section for communicating with the heavy phase upper discharge channel and the light phase upper discharge channel, respectively.
[0032] The beneficial effect is that the radial discharge section and the axial discharge section are set up separately, making the ports of the light phase discharge channel and the heavy phase discharge channel visible, which facilitates manufacturing.
[0033] As a further improvement, the light phase discharge channel is formed by an annular cavity on the radial discharge section.
[0034] The beneficial effects are: the light phase discharge channel is formed by the annular cavity of the radial discharge section itself, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.
[0035] As a further improvement, the top of the outer wall of the light phase discharge channel is provided with an inner folded edge, which is folded into the upward opening of the light phase discharge channel.
[0036] The beneficial effect is that the top of the light phase discharge channel is folded, so that the heavy phase liquid in the heavy phase discharge channel will not fall into the light phase discharge channel under the high speed of the drum.
[0037] As a further improvement, an annular groove is provided on the radial inner side of the channel wall on the side away from the axis of the discharge unit of the light phase discharge channel, and the radial inner end of the light phase discharge hole is connected to the annular groove.
[0038] The beneficial effect is that the ring groove can buffer the light phase liquid in the light phase discharge channel, making it easier for the light phase liquid to flow into the light phase discharge hole.
[0039] As a further improvement, the inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is a circumferentially curved surface.
[0040] The beneficial effect is that the inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is curved, which helps to reduce the impact of the light phase discharge hole on the light phase liquid and avoids splashing of the liquid discharged from the light phase discharge hole.
[0041] As a further improvement, the portion of the radial discharge section corresponding to the light phase discharge hole is a small-diameter portion, and the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion is smaller than the diameter of the adjacent portion.
[0042] The beneficial effects are: the smaller diameter of the minor diameter section helps to further reduce the radial size of the light phase discharge hole, better avoids the drum doing more extra work on the light phase liquid in the light phase discharge hole, and thus helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor. Attached Figure Description
[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of light and heavy phase channels in a centrifugal extractor in the prior art.
[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement of light and heavy phase channels in a centrifugal extractor in the prior art.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention;
[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge unit;
[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view of the radial discharge section;
[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A bottom view of the radial discharge section;
[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention;
[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention;
[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention;
[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 5 of the centrifugal extractor provided by the present invention.
[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Rotary drum; 2. Drain pipe; 3. Light phase discharge channel; 4. Heavy phase discharge channel; 5. Light phase liquid; 6. Heavy phase liquid; 7. Rotary shaft; 8. Shell; 9. Mixing chamber; 10. Feed terminal; 11. Drive motor; 12. Light phase inlet; 13. Light phase collection chamber; 14. Heavy phase outlet; 15. Heavy phase inlet; 16. Light phase outlet; 17. Heavy phase collection chamber; 18. First central cylinder; 19. Circumferential side wall; 20. Top wall; 21. Light phase upper discharge channel; 22. Annular 23. Baffle; 24. Heavy phase upper discharge channel; 25. First stiffener; 26. Annular wall; 27. Second central cylinder; 28. Radial side wall; 29. Heavy phase weir plate; 30. Axial extension section; 31. Radial extension section; 32. Collection chamber cover plate; 33. Sealing ring; 34. Blocking wall; 35. Horizontal section; 36. Vertical section; 37. Third stiffener; 38. Discharge unit; 39. Radial discharge section; 40. Axial discharge section; 41. Heavy phase discharge port; 42. Light phase discharge hole; 43. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation
[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0055] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.
[0056] It should be noted that, in specific embodiments of the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply such an actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the use of phrases such as "comprising a…" to define an element does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0057] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0058] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "provided with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, the object "provided with" can be a part of the body, or it can be separately arranged from the body and connected to the body. This connection can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention through specific circumstances.
[0059] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0060] Example 1 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the centrifugal extractor includes a housing 8, a drive motor 11 located on the upper exterior of the housing 8, an inner cavity within the housing 8 containing a rotating shaft 7, and a rotating drum 1 mounted on the rotating shaft 7. A discharge unit 37 is located at the top of the rotating drum 1. A light phase inlet 12 and a heavy phase inlet 15 are located on the peripheral side of the housing 8. The light and heavy phase liquids to be extracted enter the inner cavity of the housing 8 through the light phase inlet 12 and the heavy phase inlet 15, respectively. A mixing chamber 9 is located on the lower exterior of the housing 8 for mixing the light and heavy phase liquid mixture entering the housing 8. When the drive motor 11 drives the rotating shaft 7 to rotate, the rotating shaft 7 drives the rotating drum 1 to rotate, allowing the mixed liquid in the inner cavity to enter the rotating drum 1 through the feed terminal 10 at the bottom of the rotating drum 1. The mixed liquid gradually separates within the rotating drum 1 and is discharged from the rotating drum 1 through the discharge unit 37. The housing 8, drive motor 11, the assembly method of the rotating shaft 7 with the housing 8, and the mixing chamber 9 of the centrifugal extractor are all existing technologies and will not be described further here.
[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the discharge unit 37 includes an axial discharge portion 39 and a radial discharge portion 38, with the radial discharge portion 38 positioned above the axial discharge portion 39.
[0063] The axial discharge section 39 includes a first central cylinder 18, with a keyway on its inner circumferential surface for key connection with the rotating shaft 7. A circumferential sidewall 19 is provided on the radially outer side of the first central cylinder 18, and a top wall 20 is provided at the top of the circumferential sidewall 19. An annular wall 25 is provided between the radially outer side of the first central cylinder 18 and the circumferential sidewall 19. The annular wall 25 has a cylindrical structure, and its inner circumferential surface is fixed to the outer surface of the first central cylinder 18 by multiple spaced-apart first stiffeners 24. Each first stiffener 24 divides the annular space between the radially inner side of the annular wall 25 and the radially outer side of the first central cylinder 18 into multiple vertical through holes to form multiple light phase upper discharge channels 21. The top of each light phase upper discharge channel 21 forms a light phase upper discharge port for discharging the light phase liquid 5 from the rotating drum 1 into the radial discharge section 38.
[0064] The bottom end of the annular wall 25 is provided with an annular baffle 22 extending radially along the first central cylinder 18. The radial inner end of the annular baffle 22 is connected to the annular wall 25, and the radial outer end of the annular baffle 22 is suspended. The heavy phase liquid 6 enters the axial discharge section 39 through the space between the suspended radial outer end and the circumferential side wall 19. The outer radial side of the annular wall 25 is provided with a second rib corresponding to each of the first ribs 24. The inner radial end of each second rib is connected to the annular wall 25, the outer radial end of each second rib is connected to the inner side of the circumferential sidewall 19, the top end of each second rib is connected to the inner side of the top wall 20, and the bottom end of each second rib is connected to the annular baffle 22. The annular baffle 22, the annular wall 25, the second ribs and the inner radial side of the drum 1 form an annular channel with an L-shaped axial cross section to form multiple heavy phase upper discharge channels 23. The outer radial side of the top of the annular wall 25 and the inner radial end of the top wall 20 form a heavy phase upper discharge port, which is used to discharge the heavy phase liquid 6 in the drum 1 into the radial discharge section 38.
[0065] The radial discharge section 38 includes a second central cylinder 26, the inner side of which is also provided with a keyway for key connection with the rotating shaft 7. The radial outer side of the second central cylinder 26 is provided with an annular radial sidewall 27, which is connected to the second central cylinder 26 by a plurality of third stiffeners 36. The third stiffeners 36 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second central cylinder 26 to form a plurality of fan-shaped channels in the circumferential space between the radial sidewall 27 and the second central cylinder 26. The lower end of each fan-shaped channel is connected to the upper discharge port of the light phase and the upper discharge port of the heavy phase on the circumferential discharge section, respectively. Figure 4 The radial discharge section 38 in the middle can be considered as Figure 5 Sectional view along the AA direction.
[0066] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a sealing wall 33 is provided between the second central cylinder 26 and the radial sidewall 27. The sealing wall 33 has a cylindrical structure. Each third stiffening plate 36 is L-shaped, including a transverse portion 34 and a vertical portion 35. The sealing wall 33 is annular and connected to the radial inner side of the vertical portion 35 to divide each fan-shaped channel on the radial outer side of the second central cylinder 26 into two parts.
[0067] The portion located between the radially inner side of the sealing wall 33 and the second central cylinder 26 forms a light phase discharge channel 3. An inner folded edge 43 is provided on the outer wall of the top of the light phase discharge channel 3, folding towards the upward opening of the light phase discharge channel 3. An annular groove 42 is provided on the radially inner side of the channel wall on the side of the light phase discharge channel 3 away from the drum. Radially extending light phase discharge holes 41 are provided on the vertical portions 35 of each third stiffener 36. The inner end of the light phase discharge hole 41 communicates with the light phase discharge channel 3 via the annular groove 42, and the outer end opening of the light phase discharge hole 41 is located on the radial side wall 27, used to discharge the light phase liquid 5 from the radial discharge portion 38 to the discharge unit 37. A collection chamber cover plate 31 is provided between the drum 1 and the housing 8. The collection chamber cover plate 31, the drum 1 and the housing 8 form a light phase collection chamber 13. A light phase outlet 16 is provided on the housing 8 at the position of the light phase collection chamber 13. The light phase liquid 5 discharged from the discharge unit 37 is discharged from the centrifugal extractor through the light phase collection chamber 13 and the light phase outlet 16.
[0068] The portion located between the radially inner side of the sealing wall 33 and the radial sidewall is vertically continuous to form an axially extending portion 29, used to discharge the heavy phase liquid 6 that enters the radial discharge portion 38 from the heavy phase discharge channel 23. The top of the radial sidewall 27 has an outwardly flared edge extending away from the second central cylinder 26, with bolt mounting holes on the outwardly flared edge. Above the outwardly flared edge are multiple heavy phase weir plates 28, each fan-shaped and equipped with connecting holes for bolting onto the outwardly flared edge, covering the top of the axially extending portion 29 to form the radially extending portion 30. The axial extension portion 29 is connected to the radial extension portion 30 to form a heavy phase discharge channel 4. The radial inner end of the heavy phase weir plate 28 and the second central cylinder 26 form a heavy phase discharge port 40, which is used to discharge the heavy phase liquid 6 in the radial discharge portion 38 to the discharge unit 37. A heavy phase collection chamber 17 is provided between the drum 1 and the shell 8. A heavy phase outlet 14 is provided on the shell 8 at the position of the heavy phase collection chamber 17. The heavy phase liquid 6 discharged from the discharge unit 37 is discharged from the centrifugal extractor through the heavy phase collection chamber 17 and the heavy phase outlet 14.
[0069] Since the centrifugal extractor works by centrifugally extracting the liquid entering the drum 1, the centrifugal force on the liquid during drum 1 rotation can be considered as gravity in the same direction as the radial direction of drum 1. Therefore, the discharge unit 37 can be considered as a communicating vessel. The height of this communicating vessel affects the position of the interface between two liquids of different densities within it. To prevent the boundary between the light phase liquid 5 and the heavy phase liquid 6 in drum 1 from being too close to the radial outer end of the annular baffle 22, causing the light phase liquid 5 to enter the heavy phase upper discharge channel 23, the radial dimensions of each heavy phase weir plate 28 are increased. This makes the radial inner end of each heavy phase weir plate 28 closer to the axis of the rotating shaft 7 than the radial inner end of the annular baffle 22. This shifts the boundary between the two phases towards the radial inner end of the annular baffle 22 and allows the centrifugal extractor to handle light phase liquid 5 and heavy phase liquid 6 with closer densities.
[0070] In order to achieve a sealed connection between the radial discharge section 38 and the axial discharge section 39, a sealing groove is provided at the bottom of the sealing wall 33 and the radial side wall 27 of the radial discharge section 38. During installation, a sealing ring 32 is placed in the sealing groove, and the radial discharge section 38 is pressed on top of the axial discharge section 39. Then, through the press-fitting structure fitted on the rotating shaft 7, the radial discharge section 38 is pressed tightly on top of the axial discharge section 39, thereby realizing the installation of the discharge unit 37.
[0071] When extracting the liquid to be extracted, the light phase liquid 5 is first introduced into the inner cavity of the shell 8 through the light phase inlet 12, and the heavy phase liquid 6 is introduced into the inner cavity of the shell 8 through the heavy phase inlet 15. The rotating shaft 7 is then started, and the light phase liquid 5 and heavy phase liquid 6 entering the inner cavity will mix in the mixing chamber 9. As the drum 1 rotates, the mixture formed by the light phase liquid 5 and heavy phase liquid 6 will enter the drum 1 through the feed terminal 10 at the bottom of the drum 1. Under centrifugal force, the mixture inside the drum 1 will gradually separate into the extracted light phase liquid. During the continuous feeding of liquid 5 and heavy phase liquid 6 into the inner cavity of the shell 8, the light phase liquid 5 in the drum 1 will be discharged from the drum 1 in sequence through the light phase upper discharge channel 21, the light phase discharge channel 3, and the light phase discharge hole 41, and enter the light phase collection chamber 13, and then be discharged from the shell 8 through the light phase outlet 16 on the shell 8; the heavy phase liquid 6 will be discharged in sequence through the heavy phase upper discharge channel 23, the heavy phase discharge channel 4, and the heavy phase discharge port 40, and enter the heavy phase collection chamber 17, and then be discharged from the shell 8 through the heavy phase outlet 14 on the shell 8, thus completing the extraction of the two phase liquids.
[0072] The centrifugal extractor provided by this invention has a light phase upper discharge channel 21 on the inner side of the annular wall 25 connected to the light phase discharge channel 3, and a heavy phase upper discharge channel 23 on the outer side of the annular wall 25 connected to the heavy phase discharge channel 4, facilitating the separate discharge of light phase liquid 5 and heavy phase liquid 6 from the discharge unit. The outlet end of the light phase discharge hole 41 is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the axial discharge portion 39, which helps to reduce the radial dimension of the light phase discharge hole 41, avoids the centrifugal extractor's drum 1 from doing extra work on the clarified light phase liquid 5, and thus helps to reduce the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor. A portion of the radial extension portion 30 of the heavy phase discharge channel 4 is connected to the light phase discharge channel 4. The discharge channels 3 coincide radially, which not only allows the light phase liquid 5 and the heavy phase liquid 6 to approach each other infinitely in the radial direction, but also makes the boundary between the light and heavy phase mixture inside the drum 1 farther from the heavy phase discharge channel 23, preventing the light phase liquid 5 from entering the heavy phase discharge channel 4. This helps reduce the amount of light phase liquid entrained in the clarified heavy phase liquid. Compared with the existing centrifugal extractor that uses light phase liquid discharge only in the radial direction of the drum or separates the light and heavy phase liquid discharge through a guide pipe, this method can make the light and heavy phase liquids infinitely close in the radial direction in the centrifugal extractor, while also reducing the power consumption of the centrifugal extractor.
[0073] Example 2 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0074] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, a light phase discharge channel 3 is provided on the radial sidewall 27 of the radial discharge section 38, and an outwardly turned edge is provided at the top of the radial sidewall 27. In this embodiment, however... Figure 7 As shown, the radial dimension of the radial sidewall 27 can be increased, making the radial sidewall 27 cylindrical in shape, and correspondingly increasing the radial dimension of the light phase discharge channel 3.
[0075] Example 3 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0076] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the upper part of the light phase discharge channel 3 is open. However, in this embodiment, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, a sealing plate is provided above the light phase discharge channel 3.
[0077] Example 4 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0078] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the upper end of the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the drive motor 11, while the lower end of the rotating shaft 7 is suspended. In this embodiment, however... Figure 9 As shown, a lower bearing chamber 42 is provided below the mixing chamber 11, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 7 is rotatably assembled in the lower bearing chamber 42.
[0079] Example 5 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0080] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that in embodiment 7, the housing 8 is supported on the corresponding workbench by legs 41. In this embodiment, however, as shown in the example below... Figure 10 As shown, the support leg 41 is no longer provided below the housing 8, and a support frame 43 is provided on the outer periphery of the housing 8. The peripheral side of the drum 7 is fixedly connected to the housing 8, and the housing 8 is mounted on the support frame 43.
[0081] Example 6 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0082] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the heavy phase discharge channel 4 and the light phase discharge channel 3 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the discharge unit 37. In this embodiment, the heavy phase discharge channel 4 and the light phase discharge channel 3 are staggered in the axial direction of the discharge unit 37. Specifically, the sealing wall 33 of the radial discharge section 38 is an annular cylinder. The inner radial side of the sealing wall 33 and the second central cylinder 26 form a light phase discharge channel extending axially along the second central cylinder 26. The top of the light phase discharge channel is closed, and the bottom of the light phase discharge channel is connected to the upper discharge port of the light phase. The space between the outer radial side of the sealing wall 33 and the radial side wall 27 forms an annular channel. The bottom of the annular channel is connected to the upper discharge port of the heavy phase. The top of the annular channel is provided with a heavy phase weir plate 28, forming a heavy phase discharge channel. The space between the heavy phase weir plate 28 and the top closed structure of the light phase discharge channel forms the radial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel. The space between the sealing wall 33 and the radial side wall 27 forms the axial extension of the heavy phase discharge channel 4. The axial extension is located on the outer radial side of the light phase discharge channel.
[0083] Example 7 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0084] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the light phase discharge channel 3 is a plurality of fan-shaped channels formed by multiple spaced third stiffeners 36, sealing walls 33, and the second central cylinder 26. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the third stiffeners 36 is reduced. The outer radial end of the third stiffeners 36 is connected to the radial sidewall 27, and the inner radial end of the third stiffeners 36 is connected to the outer side of the sealing wall 33, so that an annular cavity is formed between the sealing wall 33 and the second central cylinder 26. The top of the annular cavity is closed, and the bottom of the annular cavity is connected to the upper discharge port of the light phase, forming the light phase discharge channel 3.
[0085] Example 8 of the centrifugal extractor provided in this invention:
[0086] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 1, the heavy phase weir plate 28 is a segmented fan-shaped plate, with multiple heavy phase weir plates 28 covering the top of the axial discharge portion 39 of the heavy phase discharge channel 4. In this embodiment, the heavy phase weir plate 28 is an integrally designed ring plate, with connecting holes along the circumference of the ring plate for bolt connection with the outward flange of the sealing wall 33.
[0087] Example 1 of the discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor in this invention:
[0088] The discharge unit structure of the centrifugal extractor in this embodiment is the same as that of the discharge unit 37 in the centrifugal extractor embodiment 1 above, and will not be described again here.
[0089] Of course, in other embodiments, the discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor may also use the structure of the discharge unit 37 in any of the embodiments of centrifugal extractor 2 to 8, which will not be described in detail here.
[0090] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A discharge unit of a centrifugal extractor, coaxially disposed on top of a rotating drum, comprising an axial discharge portion disposed at the top of the rotating drum, characterized in that, The axial discharge section includes a first central cylinder with a circumferential sidewall having a top wall on the radially outer side, an annular wall fixedly connected to the first central cylinder by a plurality of first stiffeners arranged at intervals between the first central cylinder and the circumferential sidewall, and a light phase upper discharge channel extending in the vertical direction between the first central cylinder and the annular wall. The bottom end of the ring wall is provided with an annular baffle that extends outward from the radial outer end. The heavy phase liquid enters the axial discharge section through the space between the radial outer end of the annular baffle and the circumferential side wall. The ring wall, the annular baffle, the circumferential side wall and the top wall form a heavy phase upper discharge channel located radially outside the light phase upper discharge channel and with an axial cross section of L shape. The radial outer end of the top of the ring wall and the radial inner end of the top wall form a heavy phase upper discharge port. A radial discharge section is provided above the axial discharge section. The radial discharge section includes a second central cylinder with an annular radial sidewall on the outside. A cylindrical sealing wall is provided between the second central cylinder and the radial sidewall. The radial discharge section is provided with a heavy phase discharge channel and a light phase discharge channel with an open or closed top end that is connected to the light phase upper discharge channel at the bottom end. The light phase discharge channel is located between the radial inner side of the sealing wall and the second central cylinder. The radial outer side of the radial discharge section is provided with a light phase discharge hole that communicates with the light phase discharge channel. The outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the circumferential sidewall. The heavy phase discharge channel has an axially extended portion whose bottom end is connected to the upper discharge port of the heavy phase and a radially extended portion whose radial outer end is connected to the top end of the axially extended portion and whose radial inner end is located above the light phase discharge channel. The portion located between the radial outer side of the sealing wall and the radial sidewall is connected vertically to form the axially extended portion, and the light phase discharge channel is located on the radial inner side of the axially extended portion. The top of the radial discharge section is provided with a radial slot that communicates with the top of the axial extension section. The discharge unit also includes a heavy phase weir plate for removably sealing the radial slot to form the radial extension section together with the radial slot. A heavy phase discharge port is formed between the radial inner end of the heavy phase weir plate and the second central cylinder. A clearance space is provided directly above the outer wall of the upper channel of the light phase to avoid the radial inner edge of the radial extension portion.
2. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial inner edge of the heavy phase weir plate is located directly above the wall outside the upper channel of the light phase.
3. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heavy phase weir plate is arranged in sections in the circumferential direction.
4. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The radial discharge section is separately arranged from the axial discharge section. The heavy phase discharge channel and the light phase discharge channel form openings on the bottom surface of the radial discharge section for communicating with the heavy phase upper discharge channel and the light phase upper discharge channel, respectively.
5. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The light phase discharge channel is formed by an annular cavity on the radial discharge section.
6. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the outer wall of the light phase discharge channel is provided with an inner folded edge, which is folded into the upward opening of the light phase discharge channel.
7. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 5, characterized in that, An annular groove is provided on the radial inner side of the channel wall on the side away from the axis of the discharge unit of the light phase discharge channel, and the radial inner end of the light phase discharge hole is connected to the annular groove.
8. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is a circumferential curved surface.
9. The discharge unit of the centrifugal extractor according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The portion of the radial discharge section corresponding to the light phase discharge hole is a small-diameter portion, and the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion is smaller than the diameter of the adjacent portion.
10. A centrifugal extractor, comprising a housing, a rotating shaft mounted on the housing, a rotating drum fixed on the rotating shaft, and a discharge unit at the top of the rotating drum for discharging light and heavy phase liquids from the drum, characterized in that, The discharge unit includes an axial discharge section set at the top of the drum. The axial discharge section includes a first central cylinder with a circumferential sidewall having a top wall on the radially outer side. An annular wall is fixedly connected to the first central cylinder and the circumferential sidewall through a plurality of first stiffeners arranged at intervals. A light phase upper discharge channel extending in the vertical direction is provided between the first central cylinder and the annular wall. The bottom end of the ring wall is provided with an annular baffle that extends outward from the radial outer end. The heavy phase liquid enters the axial discharge section through the space between the radial outer end of the annular baffle and the circumferential side wall. The ring wall, the annular baffle, the circumferential side wall and the top wall form a heavy phase upper discharge channel located radially outside the light phase upper discharge channel and with an axial cross section of L shape. The radial outer end of the top of the ring wall and the radial inner end of the top wall form a heavy phase upper discharge port. A radial discharge section is provided above the axial discharge section. The radial discharge section includes a second central cylinder with an annular radial sidewall on the outside. A cylindrical sealing wall is provided between the second central cylinder and the radial sidewall. The radial discharge section is provided with a heavy phase discharge channel and a light phase discharge channel with an open or closed top end that is connected to the light phase upper discharge channel at the bottom end. The light phase discharge channel is located between the radial inner side of the sealing wall and the second central cylinder. The radial outer side of the radial discharge section is provided with a light phase discharge hole that communicates with the light phase discharge channel. The outlet end of the light phase discharge hole is closer to the axis of the discharge unit than the outer peripheral surface of the circumferential sidewall. The heavy phase discharge channel has an axially extended portion whose bottom end is connected to the upper discharge port of the heavy phase and a radially extended portion whose radial outer end is connected to the top end of the axially extended portion and whose radial inner end is located above the light phase discharge channel. The portion located between the radial outer side of the sealing wall and the radial sidewall is connected vertically to form the axially extended portion, and the light phase discharge channel is located on the radial inner side of the axially extended portion. The top of the radial discharge section is provided with a radial slot that communicates with the top of the axial extension section. The discharge unit also includes a heavy phase weir plate for removably sealing the radial slot to form the radial extension section together with the radial slot. A heavy phase discharge port is formed between the radial inner end of the heavy phase weir plate and the second central cylinder. A clearance space is provided directly above the outer wall of the upper channel of the light phase to avoid the radial inner edge of the radial extension portion.
11. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 10, characterized in that, The radial inner edge of the heavy phase weir plate is located directly above the wall outside the upper channel of the light phase.
12. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 11, characterized in that, The heavy phase weir plate is arranged in sections in the circumferential direction.
13. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 10, 11, or 12, characterized in that, The radial discharge section is separately arranged from the axial discharge section. The heavy phase discharge channel and the light phase discharge channel form openings on the bottom surface of the radial discharge section for communicating with the heavy phase upper discharge channel and the light phase upper discharge channel, respectively.
14. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 10, 11, or 12, characterized in that, The light phase discharge channel is formed by an annular cavity on the radial discharge section.
15. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 14, characterized in that, The top of the outer wall of the light phase discharge channel is provided with an inner folded edge, which is folded into the upward opening of the light phase discharge channel.
16. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 14, characterized in that, An annular groove is provided on the radial inner side of the channel wall on the side away from the axis of the discharge unit of the light phase discharge channel, and the radial inner end of the light phase discharge hole is connected to the annular groove.
17. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 10, 11, or 12, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the light phase discharge hole is a circumferential curved surface.
18. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 10, 11, or 12, characterized in that, The portion of the radial discharge section corresponding to the light phase discharge hole is a small-diameter portion, and the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion is smaller than the diameter of the adjacent portion.