Bridge deck buffer expansion joint device and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of traffic pavements, in particular to a bridge deck buffer expansion joint device and a construction method, which comprises a sliding layer arranged at the bottom between two bridge decks, an elastic glue arranged above the sliding layer, concrete blocks and a middle beam arranged above the elastic glue in sequence, embedded steel bars and anchoring steel bars arranged on the left and right sides of the concrete blocks respectively, side beams arranged on the left and right of the middle beam, a sealing water stop belt arranged between the side beams and the middle beam, one end of the sealing water stop belt connected with the side beam, the other end of the sealing water stop belt connected with the middle beam, and the anchoring steel bars welded and fixed with the side beams. The damping device, the elastic glue material and the damping pad and other components are used in the expansion joint, the structural vibration amplitude is effectively reduced, the stability of the bridge is improved, the structural vibration caused by the wind load and the vehicles is reduced, and the safety of the bridge is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traffic pavement technology, and in particular to a bridge deck buffer expansion joint device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge expansion joints are joints installed between the ends of two beams, between a beam end and an abutment, or at hinged joints of the bridge to accommodate bridge deck deformation. They are an important component of bridges, accommodating expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes. Currently, the most common bridge expansion joint technologies are open and closed types.

[0003] Open expansion joints use a discontinuous design, leaving gaps on the bridge deck. This design is simple and practical, but it easily accumulates dirt and can generate noise. Closed expansion joints use non-corrosive sealing devices and provide a continuous bridge deck. However, damage to the seal can lead to leaks and require regular maintenance.

[0004] Both of these traditional expansion joint technologies suffer from poor vibration damping. Because bridge structures vibrate during use due to factors such as temperature changes and vehicle loads, and existing expansion joint structures have high rigidity, they cannot provide adequate vibration isolation and buffering, leading to increased bridge vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a bridge deck buffer expansion joint device and construction method. By setting side beams on both sides of the expansion joint and embedding dampers under the middle beam, the flexibility and shock absorption performance of the expansion joint itself are significantly improved. When the bridge body is displaced and vibrating, its shock absorption components can provide a gradual damping force, effectively suppressing and isolating the bridge body vibration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bridge deck expansion joint device includes a sliding layer at the bottom between two bridge decks, an elastic adhesive layer laid on top of the sliding layer, and a concrete block and a central beam arranged sequentially on top of the elastic adhesive layer.

[0008] The concrete block is provided with embedded steel bars and anchoring steel bars on both the left and right sides respectively. The middle beam is provided with side beams on both the left and right sides. A sealing waterstop is provided between the side beam and the middle beam. One end of the sealing waterstop is connected to the side beam and the other end of the sealing waterstop is connected to the middle beam. The anchoring steel bars are welded and fixed to the side beam.

[0009] The bottom of the concrete block is provided with a damping pad, and the damping pad and the concrete block are arranged sequentially above the elastic rubber. A weight is provided at the lower end of the concrete block, and the weight is connected to the iron ring at the upper end of the concrete block by a rope.

[0010] Holes for installing hydraulic damping devices are provided on both the left and right sides of the weight. One end of the hydraulic damping device is inserted into the hole of the weight, and the other end of the hydraulic damping device is welded and fixed to the concrete block.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic damping device includes a damping device housing, a piston rod disposed within the damping device housing, and a crash cap sleeved on the piston rod. One end of the piston rod extends to the outside of the damping device housing, and the other end of the piston rod extends to the inside of the damping device housing and is connected to a piston. A sealing ring is provided between the piston and the piston rod. A spring is provided on one side of the piston. An oil storage chamber and an oil reservoir are provided on one side of the inside of the damping device housing. Hydraulic oil is stored in the oil storage chamber. An oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively provided on the oil reservoir. A first vent and a second vent are respectively provided on the damping device housing.

[0012] The present invention also provides a construction method for a bridge deck buffer expansion joint device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Reserve a construction passage with a width of not less than 2 meters on both sides of the bridge deck at the predetermined installation location of the bridge expansion joint for the transportation and installation of the expansion joint device; set up construction trenches on both bridge decks for placing the expansion joint device; install 16mm diameter embedded steel bars every 500mm in the construction trench; set a sliding layer on the bottom of the construction trench for sliding between concrete blocks; lay a layer of elastic adhesive material on the sliding layer; ensure that the adhesive material is flat, wrinkle-free, and in full contact with the sliding layer; the elastic adhesive material can provide a certain shock absorption effect when pressure is transmitted from the concrete blocks;

[0014] Step 2: At the connection point between the side beam and the middle beam, pre-machine grooves according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the sealing waterstop. The inner surface of the grooves should be roughened for installation of the sealing waterstop. Insert one end of the sealing waterstop into the groove of the side beam to a depth of about 10mm and secure it with asphalt adhesive. Gradually stretch the sealing waterstop along the groove direction of the middle beam and manually press it into the groove, filling it completely without gaps. Align the other end of the sealing waterstop with the groove of the middle beam and fix it, tightening both ends without leaving any gaps. The sealing waterstop connecting the side beam and the middle beam allows for displacement of the bridge structure at both ends due to temperature and other factors.

[0015] Step 3: Weld the 16mm diameter anchoring rebar to the side beam, and tie it to the embedded rebar and anchoring rebar using a suitable steel wire or rebar tying tool; set the tying point at the intersection of the embedded rebar and anchoring rebar to ensure that the tying is tight;

[0016] Step 4: Cut a groove with a cross-sectional area of ​​150mm wide and 200mm high into a concrete block with a cross-sectional area of ​​300mm wide and 350mm high. Place a damping pad at the bottom of the concrete block, ensuring that the pad covers the entire bottom of the groove. Gently place the concrete block with the damping pad onto the elastic rubber, ensuring that the concrete block and the sliding layer are in contact with the elastic rubber. When vehicles pass by and cause the concrete block to vibrate, the damping pad will suppress the left and right swaying of the concrete block. Pass the rope through the iron ring on the upper side of the concrete block, and then pass both ends of the rope through the iron ring on the upper side of the weight of the iron ore slag material on the lower side, and tightly wrap them together to ensure a safe connection.

[0017] Step 5: Weld one side of the hydraulic damping device cylinder to the concrete block, ensuring the cylinder is securely fixed. Drill a hole in the weight to insert the plug rod of the hydraulic damping device. The size and position of the hole should match the plug rod. Use a chemical anchoring agent in the hole. Inject the chemical anchoring agent into the hole and immediately insert the plug rod of the hydraulic damping device, ensuring it remains in the correct position before the anchoring agent hardens for safety and stability. When the hydraulic damping device is under pressure, the plug rod... The piston forces hydraulic oil inward, which is then discharged into the storage chamber through the outlet and inlet ports. The first and second vent ports ensure proper gas exchange during the hydraulic process. The flow and friction of the liquid convert vibration energy into heat energy, thus producing a hydraulic damping effect. Initially, the hydraulic oil is stored in the spring chamber. When the piston rod begins to compress, the hydraulic oil is discharged into the reservoir, achieving a first-level damping effect. If the piston rod continues to compress, when the reservoir is full, the hydraulic oil continues to be discharged into the storage chamber, achieving a second-level damping effect. After the anti-collision cap restricts the piston rod from further compression, the hydraulic oil in the storage chamber occupies approximately 75% of its volume. When the hydraulic damping device is no longer under pressure, the spring inside the device causes the piston to slide outward, and the hydraulic oil in the storage chamber flows back through the outlet and inlet ports, preparing for the next hydraulic cycle. The hydraulic damping device produces a damping effect when a heavy object is shaken using the above principle.

[0018] Step 6: Weld the concrete block to the central beam to form a complete expansion joint structure, which constitutes a harmonic damping system. When vehicles pass over the bridge deck and the central beam vibrates, the concrete block under the central beam vibrates, which excites the weight, causing the rope to swing. When the weight vibrates, it remains relatively stationary due to its own inertia and hydraulic damping device. The weight will generate a reverse vibration, attempting to counteract the vibration of the concrete block. A phase difference will be generated between the weight and the concrete block, thereby reducing the amplitude of structural vibration. When vehicles pass by, the expansion joint can maintain a stable structure, thus achieving a comfortable driving experience for passing vehicles.

[0019] Step 7: Pour concrete evenly into the expansion joint construction groove area, ensuring the entire expansion joint is filled. Use a vibrator to remove air bubbles from the concrete, and use a scraper to ensure the concrete surface is flat and level. Take appropriate curing measures to ensure the concrete can gradually harden and reach the required strength.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention effectively reduces the amplitude of structural vibration by using components such as damping devices, elastic adhesive materials, and damping pads in expansion joints, which helps to improve the stability of bridges, reduces structural vibration caused by wind loads and vehicle traffic, and thus improves the safety of bridges.

[0022] 2. This invention converts vibration energy into heat energy through the working principle of a hydraulic damping device, thereby reducing structural vibration and the possibility of vibration energy being transmitted to the surrounding environment, which helps to reduce environmental pollution.

[0023] 3. By applying a harmonic hydraulic damping device, the present invention enables the bridge to remain stable when vehicles are passing by, providing better driving comfort and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the bridge deck expansion joint of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the expansion joint of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic damping device in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, thereby making a clearer definition of the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments described in this invention are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1-3 A bridge deck expansion joint device includes a sliding layer 11 at the bottom between two bridge decks 1, an elastic adhesive 12 laid on top of the sliding layer 11, and a concrete block 8 and a central beam 7 arranged sequentially on top of the elastic adhesive 12.

[0029] The concrete block 8 is provided with embedded steel bars 2 and anchoring steel bars 4 on both the left and right sides respectively. The middle beam 7 is provided with side beams 5 on both the left and right sides. A sealing waterstop 6 is provided between the side beams 5 and the middle beam 7. One end of the sealing waterstop 6 is connected to the side beam 5, and the other end of the sealing waterstop 6 is connected to the middle beam 7. The anchoring steel bars 4 are welded and fixed to the side beams 5.

[0030] The bottom of the concrete block 8 is provided with a damping pad 10. The damping pad 10 and the concrete block 8 are arranged above the elastic rubber 12 in sequence. The lower end of the concrete block 8 is provided with a weight 13. The weight 13 is connected to the iron ring at the upper end of the concrete block 8 by a rope 9.

[0031] The weight 13 has holes 14 on both the left and right sides for installing hydraulic damping devices 15. One end of the hydraulic damping device 15 is inserted into the hole 14 of the weight 13, and the other end of the hydraulic damping device 15 is welded and fixed to the concrete block 8.

[0032] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The hydraulic damping device 15 includes a damping device housing 18, a piston rod 16 disposed inside the damping device housing 18, and a crash cap 17 sleeved on the piston rod 16. One end of the piston rod 16 extends to the outside of the damping device housing 18, and the other end of the piston rod 16 extends to the inside of the damping device housing 18 and is connected to a piston 27. A sealing ring 21 is provided between the piston 27 and the piston rod 16. A spring 22 is provided on one side of the piston 27. An oil storage chamber 24 and an oil storage layer 26 are provided on one side of the inside of the damping device housing 18. Hydraulic oil 23 is stored in the oil storage chamber 24. An oil inlet hole 25 and an oil outlet hole 28 are respectively provided on the oil storage layer 26. A first vent 19 and a second vent 20 are respectively provided on the damping device housing 18.

[0033] In this embodiment, damping pads are placed under the concrete block and elastic rubber material is laid at the bottom of the construction trench to reduce the vibration of the concrete block; the working principle of the hydraulic damping device is used to convert vibration energy into heat energy, thereby reducing structural vibration and the possibility of vibration energy being transmitted to the surrounding environment, which helps to reduce environmental pollution; by using a harmonic damping system, when the structure vibrates, the components in the harmonic damping system cooperate with each other to counteract the vibration of the structure, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect.

[0034] A construction method for a bridge deck expansion joint device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Reserve a construction passage with a width of not less than 2 meters on both sides of the bridge deck at the predetermined installation position of the bridge expansion joint for the transportation and installation of the expansion joint device; set up construction trenches on both bridge decks for placing the expansion joint device; install 16mm diameter embedded steel bars 2 every 500mm in the construction trench; set a sliding layer 11 on the bottom surface of the construction trench for sliding between concrete blocks; lay a layer of elastic adhesive 12 on the sliding layer 11; ensure that the adhesive is flat, without wrinkles, and in full contact with the sliding layer 11; when pressure is transmitted from the concrete block 8, the elastic adhesive 12 can provide a certain shock absorption effect;

[0036] Step 2: At the connection position between the side beam 5 and the middle beam 7, grooves are pre-machined according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the sealing waterstop 6. The inner surface of the groove is roughened for the installation of the sealing waterstop. Insert one end of the sealing waterstop 6 into the groove of the side beam to a depth of 10mm and secure it with asphalt adhesive. Gradually stretch the sealing waterstop 6 along the groove direction of the middle beam and manually press it into the groove, filling it tightly without gaps. Align the other end of the sealing waterstop 6 with the groove of the middle beam and fix it, tightening both ends without leaving gaps. The sealing waterstop 6 connecting the side beam 5 and the middle beam 7 allows for the displacement of the bridge structure at both ends due to a series of factors caused by temperature.

[0037] Step 3: Weld the 16mm diameter anchoring steel bar 4 to the side beam 5, and tie it to the embedded steel bar 2 and the anchoring steel bar 4 using a suitable steel wire or steel bar tying tool; set the tying point at the intersection of the embedded steel bar 2 and the anchoring steel bar 4 to ensure that the tying is tight.

[0038] Step 4: Cut a groove with a cross-sectional area of ​​150mm wide and 200mm high into a concrete block 8 with a cross-sectional area of ​​300mm wide and 350mm high. Place the damping pad 10 at the bottom of the concrete block 8, ensuring that the pad covers the entire bottom of the groove. Gently place the concrete block 8 with the damping pad 10 on the elastic rubber 12, ensuring that the concrete block and the sliding layer are in contact with the elastic rubber 12. When vehicles pass by and cause the concrete block to vibrate, the damping pad will suppress the left and right swaying of the concrete block. Pass the rope 9 through the iron ring on the upper side of the concrete block 8, and then pass both ends of the rope 9 through the iron ring on the upper side of the weight 13 of the lower iron ore slag material, and tightly wrap them together to ensure a safe connection.

[0039] Step 5: Weld one side of the cylinder of the hydraulic damping device 15 to the concrete block 8 to ensure that the cylinder of the hydraulic damping device 15 is firmly fixed to the concrete block 8; Drill a hole 14 in the weight 13 to insert the plug rod 16 of the hydraulic damping device 15; The size and position of the hole 14 should match the plug rod 16 of the hydraulic damping device 15; Use a chemical anchoring agent in the hole 14 of the weight 13; Inject the chemical anchoring agent into the hole 14 and immediately insert the plug rod 16 of the hydraulic damping device 15, ensuring that the plug rod 16 remains in the correct position before the anchoring agent solidifies to ensure safety and stability; When the hydraulic damping device 15 is compressed, the plug rod 16 will... Piston 27 compresses hydraulic oil 23 inward. Hydraulic oil 23 is discharged into storage chamber 24 through outlet 28 and inlet 25. The first vent 19 and second vent 20 ensure normal gas exchange during hydraulic operation. The flow and friction of the liquid convert vibration energy into heat energy, thus producing a hydraulic damping effect. Initially, hydraulic oil 23 is stored in the chamber containing spring 22. When piston rod 16 begins to compress, hydraulic oil 23 is discharged into reservoir 26, achieving primary damping. If piston rod 16 continues to compress, when reservoir 26 is full of hydraulic oil 23, hydraulic oil 23 continues to be discharged into storage chamber 24, achieving secondary damping. When anti-collision cap 17 restricts piston rod 16 from further compressing, hydraulic oil 23 occupies approximately 75% of the volume of storage chamber 24. After the hydraulic damping device 15 is compressed, the spring inside the device causes the piston 27 to slide outward, and the hydraulic oil 23 in the oil storage chamber 24 flows back through the oil outlet 28 and the oil inlet 25 to prepare for the next hydraulic cycle; the hydraulic damping device 15 produces a damping effect when the heavy object 13 is shaken by the above principle.

[0040] It should be noted that the oil storage layer 26 serves as the medium chamber between the two hydraulic chambers. When the device shakes too much, it can achieve a secondary damping effect. If there is only an oil storage chamber and no oil storage layer, then firstly, there is no transmission medium between the two, and secondly, the hydraulic oil squeezed by the piston rod will directly fill the oil storage chamber or even enter the damping shell on one side because there is not enough volume space.

[0041] Step 6: Weld the concrete block 8 to the central beam 7 to form a complete expansion joint structure, which constitutes a harmonic damping system. When vehicles pass over the bridge, the central beam 7 vibrates, and the concrete block under the central beam 7 vibrates, the weight 13 is excited, which causes the rope 9 to swing. When the weight 13 vibrates, it remains relatively stationary due to its own inertia and the hydraulic damping device 15. The weight 13 will generate a reverse vibration to try to counteract the vibration of the concrete block 8. A phase difference will be generated between the weight 13 and the concrete block 8, thereby reducing the amplitude of structural vibration. When vehicles pass by, the expansion joint can maintain a stable structure, thereby achieving a comfortable driving experience for passing vehicles.

[0042] Step 7: Pour concrete 3 evenly into the expansion joint construction groove area, ensuring that the entire expansion joint is filled. Use a vibrator to remove air bubbles from the concrete, and use a scraper to ensure that the concrete surface is flat and level. Take appropriate curing measures to ensure that the concrete can gradually harden and reach the required strength.

[0043] In summary, this invention effectively reduces the amplitude of structural vibration by using components such as damping devices, elastic adhesive materials, and damping pads in expansion joints, which helps improve the stability of bridges, reduces structural vibration caused by wind loads and vehicle traffic, and thus improves the safety of bridges.

[0044] The descriptions and practices disclosed in this invention are readily apparent and understandable to those skilled in the art, and various modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of this invention. Therefore, any modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A bridge deck cushioning expansion joint apparatus, characterized by, The bottom between two bridge decks (1) is provided with a sliding layer (11), the upper side of the sliding layer (11) is paved with elastic glue (12), the upper side of the elastic glue (12) is sequentially provided with a concrete block (8) and a middle beam (7): The left and right sides of the concrete block (8) are respectively provided with embedded steel bars (2) and anchoring steel bars (4), the left and right sides of the middle beam (7) are provided with side beams (5), the side beams (5) and the middle beam (7) are provided with sealing water stop belts (6), one end of the sealing water stop belt (6) is connected with the side beam (5), the other end of the sealing water stop belt (6) is connected with the middle beam (7), and the anchoring steel bars (4) are welded and fixed with the side beams (5); The bottom of the concrete block (8) is provided with a damping pad (10), the damping pad (10) and the concrete block (8) are sequentially arranged on the upper side of the elastic glue (12), the lower end of the concrete block (8) is provided with a weight (13), and the weight (13) is connected with the iron ring at the upper end of the concrete block (8) through a rope (9); The left and right sides of the weight (13) are both provided with a hole (14) for installing a hydraulic damping device (15), one end of the hydraulic damping device (15) is inserted into the hole (14) of the weight (13), and the other end of the hydraulic damping device (15) is welded and fixed with the concrete block (8); The hydraulic damping device (15) comprises a damping device shell (18), a plug rod (16) arranged in the damping device shell (18) and a collision-proof cap (17) sleeved on the plug rod (16), one end of the plug rod (16) extends to the outside of the damping device shell (18), the other end of the plug rod (16) extends to the inside of the damping device shell (18) and is connected with a piston (27), and a sealing ring (21) is arranged between the piston (27) and the plug rod (16); one side of the piston (27) is provided with a spring (22), one side of the inside of the damping device shell (18) is provided with an oil storage cavity (24) and an oil storage layer (26), the oil storage cavity (24) stores hydraulic oil (23), the oil storage layer (26) is respectively provided with an oil inlet hole (25) and an oil outlet hole (28), and the damping device shell (18) is respectively provided with a first air exchange port (19) and a second air exchange port (20).

2. The construction method of a bridge deck buffer expansion joint device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps include: Step 1, a construction channel with a width of not less than 2 meters is reserved on both sides of the bridge deck at the predetermined installation position of the bridge expansion joint, which is used for the transportation and installation of the expansion joint device; a construction groove is arranged on each of the two bridge decks, which is used for placing the expansion joint device; the construction groove is provided with embedded steel bars (2) with a diameter of 16 mm every 500 mm; a sliding layer (11) is arranged on the bottom surface of the construction groove to slide between the concretes; a layer of elastic glue (12) material is paved on the sliding layer (11); it is ensured that the glue material is flat, has no wrinkles and is in full contact with the sliding layer (11); when the concrete block (8) transmits pressure, the elastic glue (12) material can provide a certain shock absorption effect; Step 2, at the connection position of side beam (5) and middle beam (7), pre-machining slotting according to the cross-sectional size of sealing water stop belt (6), rough inside of the slot for installing sealing water stop belt; insert one end of sealing water stop belt (6) into the slot of side beam 10mm deep, fasten with asphalt glue; stretch sealing water stop belt (6) along the direction of middle beam slotting, manually press into the slot, fill tightly without gap; fix the other end of sealing water stop belt (6) after aligning the slot of middle beam, tighten both ends without gap; the connection of side beam (5) and middle beam (7) allows the displacement of bridge body caused by temperature effect and other reasons; Step 3, weld anchoring steel bar (4) with diameter of 16mm with side beam (5), use appropriate steel wire or steel bar binding tool to bind pre-embedded steel bar (2) and anchoring steel bar (4); set the binding point at the intersection of pre-embedded steel bar (2) and anchoring steel bar (4), ensure tight binding; Step 4, open a slot with cross-sectional area of 150mm wide and 200mm high in concrete block (8) with cross-sectional area of 300mm wide and 350mm high, place damping pad (10) at the bottom of concrete block (8), ensure that the pad covers the entire bottom of the slot; gently place the concrete block (8) with damping pad (10) on the elastic glue (12), ensure that the concrete block is in contact with the elastic glue (12); when the vehicle comes and goes, the damping pad will inhibit the left and right shaking of the concrete block; pass the rope (9) through the iron ring on the top of the concrete block (8), then pass the two ends of the rope (9) through the iron ring on the top of the heavy object (13) made of iron ore slag material, tightly wrap together, ensure safe connection; Step 5, weld one side of the hydraulic damping device (15) cylinder surface with the concrete block (8), ensure that the hydraulic damping device (15) cylinder is firmly fixed on the concrete block (8); open a hole (14) on the weight (13) to insert the hydraulic damping device (15) plug rod (16); the size and position of the hole (14) should match the plug rod (16) of the hydraulic damping device (15); chemical anchor is used in the hole (14) of the weight (13); inject the chemical anchor into the hole (14) and immediately insert the plug rod (16) of the hydraulic damping device (15), ensure that the plug rod (16) remains in the correct position before the anchor solidifies, to ensure safety and stability; when the hydraulic damping device (15) is pressed, the plug rod (16) will squeeze the piston (27) inwardly, the hydraulic oil (23) will be discharged from the oil storage chamber (24) through the oil outlet hole (28) and the oil inlet hole (25), while the first air exchange port (19) and the second air exchange port (20) ensure normal gas exchange during the hydraulic process; the flow and friction of the liquid will convert the vibration energy into heat energy, thereby producing a hydraulic damping effect; in the initial state, the hydraulic oil (23) is stored in the chamber where the spring (22) is located, when the plug rod (16) starts to squeeze, the hydraulic oil (23) is discharged to the oil storage layer (26), realizing the first stage damping effect, if the plug rod (16) continues to squeeze, when the oil storage layer (26) is full of hydraulic oil (23), the hydraulic oil (23) will continue to discharge to the oil storage chamber (24), realizing the second stage damping effect; when the anti-collision cap (17) limits the plug rod (16) from continuing to squeeze, at this time, the hydraulic oil (23) in the oil storage chamber (24) accounts for 75% of the volume of the oil storage chamber (24); when the hydraulic damping device (15) is pressed, the spring in the device makes the piston (27) slide outwardly, the hydraulic oil (23) in the oil storage chamber (24) returns through the oil outlet hole (28) and the oil inlet hole (25) and prepares for the next hydraulic pressure; the hydraulic damping device (15) produces a damping effect when the weight (13) is shaken through the above principle; Step 6, weld the concrete block (8) with the middle beam (7) to form a complete expansion joint structure, which constitutes a harmonic damping system; when vehicles pass on the bridge deck, the middle beam (7) is shaken, the concrete block below the middle beam (7) is shaken, the weight (13) is excited, thereby causing the swing of the rope (9); when the weight (13) is shaken, it remains relatively stationary due to its own inertia and the hydraulic damping device (15); the weight (13) will produce a reverse vibration, trying to offset the vibration of the concrete block (8), a phase difference will be generated between the weight (13) and the concrete block (8), thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the structure; when vehicles pass, the structure in the expansion joint can remain stable, thereby realizing the comfort of passing vehicles; Step 7, pour the concrete (3) evenly into the expansion joint construction slot opening area, make sure to fill the entire expansion joint, use a vibrator to remove air bubbles in the concrete, use a squeegee to ensure the concrete surface is flat and level; take appropriate maintenance measures to ensure that the concrete can gradually harden and reach the required strength.

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