A compact dual circularly polarized co-boresight transmitting-receiving antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a compact dual circularly polarized co-feed transmitting and receiving antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a coaxial probe and a coaxial line. The application utilizes a rectangular groove to make two coaxial ports form a right-handed circularly polarized transmitting and a left-handed circularly polarized receiving, but the coupling of the transmitting and receiving ports is very strong at this time. Through the analysis of the electric field, the phase relationship of the orthogonal electric field is changed, the arc-shaped groove is utilized to change the phase, the energy addition of the orthogonal electric field is changed into subtraction, and thus the coupling of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is reduced. The transmitting function and the receiving function of the dual circularly polarized co-feed transmitting and receiving antenna share the same microstrip patch antenna unit, the required components are integrated on a layer of dielectric substrate, and the application has the advantages of low profile, small size and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Common-aperture simultaneous transmit / receive antennas have been widely used and developed in recent years in simultaneous or full-duplex systems due to their advantages such as small size, strong echo signal at close range, and low cost. Since the transmitting and receiving antennas share the same aperture, the transmitting and receiving ports are strongly coupled. Ensuring that the transmitter and receiver operate simultaneously at the same frequency is a key challenge that needs to be addressed in common-aperture simultaneous transmit / receive antenna systems.

[0003] To address the severe coupling problem faced by antennas transmitting and receiving simultaneously with a common aperture, existing methods can be mainly divided into three categories: ① orthogonal polarization of the transmitting and receiving antennas; ② introduction of duplexers or isolators; ③ orthogonal radiation modes of the transmitting and receiving antennas. However, the method of orthogonal polarization of transmitting and receiving antennas is generally only applicable to communication and electronic warfare fields, and cannot be used in radar detection. Introducing duplexers or isolators increases the size and weight of the system, and the decoupling effect is usually only 15-20dB, which cannot meet practical requirements. Although using different modes of the transmitting and receiving antennas can improve the isolation between transmitting and receiving to some extent, the similarity between the radiation patterns of the transmitting and receiving antennas is very poor, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the received echo signal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna, solving the technical problems of large size, poor isolation between transmit and receive, poor directional similarity, and poor echo signal quality in the current related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] This invention provides a compact dual-circularly polarized co-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a coaxial probe, and a coaxial cable;

[0007] The dielectric substrate includes an upper surface and a lower surface; the upper surface and the lower surface are opposite to each other;

[0008] The upper surface is provided with a radiating patch; the radiating patch is provided with a rectangular groove;

[0009] The lower surface is provided with a metal ground; the metal ground is provided with an arc-shaped groove;

[0010] The coaxial probe is welded on the lower surface; the coaxial probe includes a first coaxial probe and a second coaxial probe, the first coaxial probe is used as a receiving port, and the second coaxial probe is used as a transmitting port;

[0011] The coaxial line passes through the dielectric substrate, connecting the radiation patch and the coaxial probe.

[0012] Further, the size of the dielectric substrate is 45mm*45mm*1.524mm, and the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers5880.

[0013] Further, the shape of the dielectric substrate is square.

[0014] Further, the radiation patch is a circular radiation patch located at the center of the upper surface, and the diameter is 12.9mm.

[0015] Further, the angle between the line connecting the first coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch and the line connecting the second coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch is 90°;

[0016] The distance between the first coaxial probe and the center of the dielectric substrate is 3.25mm, and the distance between the second coaxial probe and the center of the dielectric substrate is 3.25mm;

[0017] The first coaxial probe is used to excite left-handed circularly polarized wave;

[0018] The second coaxial probe is used to excite right-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0019] Further, the rectangular groove is located on the diameter of the circular radiation patch, and the area is 15mm*1mm, and one side of the rectangular groove has a semicircular notch;

[0020] The center of the semicircular notch coincides with the center of the circular radiation patch;

[0021] In the circular radiation patch, the angle between the diameter where the rectangular groove is located and the horizontal diameter is 45°.

[0022] Further, the compact dual circularly polarized co-boresight transceiving antenna further comprises a short-circuit needle;

[0023] The short-circuit needle passes through the dielectric substrate;

[0024] The short-circuit needle is connected with the circular radiation patch and the metal ground;

[0025] The short-circuit needle is a cylinder;

[0026] The center of the short-circuit needle coincides with the center of the circular radiation patch.

[0027] Further, the diameter of the cross section of the shorting pin is 1.2 mm;

[0028] The semicircular notch semi-surrounds the shorting pin.

[0029] Further, the outer diameter of the arc-shaped groove is 13.9 mm, the inner diameter is 11.9 mm, and the angle is 105°;

[0030] In the lower surface, the projection position of the arc-shaped groove is located on the side of the coaxial line.

[0031] Further, the shorting pin is located on one side of the rectangular groove, and the coaxial probe is located on the other side of the rectangular groove.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the compact dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna provided by the present application utilizes a rectangular groove to make two coaxial ports form a right-handed circularly polarized transmitting and a left-handed circularly polarized receiving, but at this time the coupling of the transmitting and receiving ports is very strong, and through analysis of the electric field, by changing the phase relationship of the orthogonal electric field, the arc-shaped groove is used to change the phase, so that the energy addition of the orthogonal electric field becomes subtraction, thereby reducing the coupling of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. The transmitting function and the receiving function of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna share the same microstrip patch antenna unit, and the required components are integrated on a layer of dielectric substrate, which has the advantages of low profile, small size, and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The upper surface structure diagram of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0034] Figure 2 The lower surface structure diagram of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0035] Figure 3 The scattering parameter curve diagram of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0036] Figure 4 The axial ratio and gain diagram of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0037] Figure 5 The rectangular groove of the dual circularly polarized co-axial transmitting and receiving antenna is shown in the figure. Figure 1

[0038] ​The annotations of the structures in the drawings are as follows: 100 - dielectric substrate, 200 - rectangular groove, 300 - shorting pin, 400 - coaxial line, 500 - circular radiation patch, 600 - metal ground, 700 - arc-shaped groove, 201 - semicircular notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative description, and the representation is only a schematic diagram, not a real object diagram, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0040] The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative description, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the present disclosure to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements of the same type from each other. For example, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element can also be referred to as a first element without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "for example", "as such", etc.) provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate the embodiments of the present application and does not impose a limitation on the scope of the present application unless otherwise required.

[0042] The application is further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0043] The embodiment discloses a compact dual-circularly polarized co-axial transmitting-receiving antenna, and solves the technical problems of large volume, poor isolation between transmitting and receiving, poor direction similarity, poor echo signal quality and the like in the prior art.

[0044] The embodiment discloses a compact dual-circularly polarized co-axial transmitting-receiving antenna, and specifically, referring to Figure 1 The antenna comprises a dielectric substrate 100, a coaxial probe 400 and a coaxial line.

[0045] The dielectric substrate 100 comprises an upper surface and a lower surface; the upper surface and the lower surface are opposite to each other.

[0046] The upper surface is provided with a radiation patch; a rectangular groove 200 is arranged on the radiation patch.

[0047] The lower surface is provided with a metal ground 600; the metal ground 600 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 700.

[0048] The coaxial probe 400 is welded on the lower surface; the coaxial probe 400 comprises a first coaxial probe and a second coaxial probe; the first coaxial probe is used as a receiving port, and the second coaxial probe is used as a transmitting port.

[0049] The coaxial line passes through the dielectric substrate 100 and connects the radiation patch and the coaxial probe 400.

[0050] It can be understood that, in view of the technical problems of large volume, poor isolation between transmitting and receiving, poor direction similarity, poor echo signal quality and the like in the prior art, the purpose of the application is to provide a dual-circularly polarized co-axial transmitting-receiving antenna.

[0051] The embodiment specifically discloses that the size of the dielectric substrate 100 is 45mm*45mm*1.524mm, and the material of the dielectric substrate 100 is Rogers 5880.

[0052] The embodiment specifically discloses that the shape of the dielectric substrate 100 is a square.

[0053] It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the application, the basic component of the dual-circularly polarized co-axial transmitting-receiving antenna is the dielectric substrate 100, the shape of the dielectric substrate 100 is a square, and the two surfaces of the dielectric substrate 100 are respectively an upper surface and a lower surface, for example Figure 1 as shown in the upper surface structure of the paper, and Figure 2 as shown in the lower surface structure. A double-sided panel coated with metal is used as the dielectric substrate 100, the panel material is Rogers 5880, the dielectric constant of the panel material is 2.2, the size of the panel material is 50mm*50mm, and the thickness is 1.524mm.

[0054] The embodiment discloses that the radiation patch is a circular radiation patch 500 located at the center of the upper surface and with a diameter of 12.9 mm.

[0055] The embodiment discloses that the included angle between the line connecting the first coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch 500 and the line connecting the second coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch 500 is 90°.

[0056] The distance between the first coaxial probe and the center of the dielectric substrate 100 is 3.25 mm, and the distance between the second coaxial probe and the center of the dielectric substrate 100 is 3.25 mm.

[0057] The first coaxial probe is used for exciting a left-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0058] The second coaxial probe is used for exciting a right-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0059] It can be understood that the embodiment of the application forms a right-handed circularly polarized wave transmitting and a left-handed circularly polarized wave receiving by etching a rectangular groove 200 in the circular radiation patch 500 and setting the lower coaxial port as a transmitting port and the right coaxial port as a receiving port, realizes a co-antenna simultaneous transmitting and receiving, but the coupling is very strong, the transmitting and receiving isolation is too low, and in fact it is not available.

[0060] The embodiment discloses that the rectangular groove 200 is located on the diameter of the circular radiation patch 500, and has an area of 15 mm*1 mm, and one side of the rectangular groove 200 has a semicircular notch 201.

[0061] The center of the semicircular notch 201 coincides with the center of the circular radiation patch 500.

[0062] In the circular radiation patch 500, the included angle between the diameter of the rectangular groove 200 and the horizontal diameter is 45°.

[0063] It can be understood that, as Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the rectangular groove 200, and the included angle between the diameter of the rectangular groove 200 and the horizontal diameter is 45°.

[0064] The embodiment discloses that the compact dual-circularly polarized co-antenna simultaneous transmitting and receiving antenna further comprises a short-circuit needle 300.

[0065] The short-circuit needle 300 penetrates the dielectric substrate 100.

[0066] The short-circuit needle 300 is connected with the circular radiation patch 500 and the metal ground 600.

[0067] The short-circuit needle 300 is a cylinder.

[0068] The center of the shorting pin 300 coincides with the center of the circular radiation patch 500.

[0069] It can be understood that, with reference to Figure 1 The circular radiation patch 500 can be made by coating the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 100 with metal, preferably copper, by a printed circuit process. The rectangular groove 200 is made by metal etching. The shorting pin 300 and the coaxial hole are made by punching through the dielectric substrate 100.

[0070] It can be understood that the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 100 is coated with metal, and copper is designated as the best choice. Therefore, the entire circular radiation patch 500 is coated with copper. The rectangular groove 200 is made by metal etching. However, one side of the rectangular groove 200 has a semicircular notch 201, which is on one side of the rectangular groove 200, so that the remaining part of the rectangular groove 200 is coated with copper, and the semicircular notch 201 has no copper coating to form an opening.

[0071] It can be understood that by adding the shorting pin 300 at a distance of a few millimeters from the center of the rectangular groove 200, the axial ratio is improved without affecting the transmit-receive isolation.

[0072] The embodiment specifically discloses that the diameter of the cross section of the shorting pin 300 is 1.2 mm;

[0073] The semicircular notch 201 partially encloses the shorting pin 300.

[0074] The embodiment specifically discloses that the outer diameter of the arc-shaped groove 700 is 13.9 mm, the inner diameter is 11.9 mm, and the angle is 105°.

[0075] In the lower surface, the projection position of the arc-shaped groove 700 is located on the side of the coaxial line.

[0076] It can be understood that, with reference to Figure 2 A metal layer is coated on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 100, which serves as a ground, i.e., a metal ground 600. By etching the metal ground 600 and other processing, the metal ground 600 forms an arc-shaped groove 700 as shown in Figure 2 The outer diameter of the arc-shaped groove 700 is 13.9 mm, the inner diameter is 11.9 mm, and the angle is 105°. At the position of the coaxial line, a suitable coaxial probe 400 is welded by welding technology to serve as a transmitting and receiving port connected to the radio frequency front end.

[0077] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the invention, by etching an arc-shaped groove 700 on the metal ground 600, the phase relationship between transmission and reception is altered, significantly reducing the coupling between transmission and reception and improving isolation. However, the introduction of the arc-shaped groove 700 deteriorates the axial ratio, thus requiring additional means to introduce it.

[0078] This embodiment specifically discloses that the shorting pin 300 is located on one side of the rectangular groove 200, and the coaxial probe 400 is located on the other side of the rectangular groove 200.

[0079] It is understood that the embodiments of the present invention address... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The simulation of the dual-circularly polarized co-aperture transmit / receive antenna shown is illustrated in the figure below. Figure 3 As shown, gain and axis, for example Figure 4 As shown. (Through) Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that by using the arc-shaped groove 700 and the shorting pin 300, isolation of the transmit port and the receive port at 38GHz is achieved at 4.3GHz (2dB without the arc-shaped groove 700 and the shorting pin 300), and isolation of more than 20dB between the transmit port and the receive port is achieved in the frequency range of 4.28-4.34GHz. At the same time, the transmit and receive antennas maintain almost the same radiation pattern and axial ratio performance, which is suitable for miniaturized designs in fields such as radar detection.

[0080] It is understood that in the dual-circularly polarized co-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna of the present invention, the rectangular groove 200 located at 45° in the circular radiating patch 500 forms right-hand circular polarization for transmission and left-hand circular polarization for reception at the two coaxial ports. However, the coupling between the transmitting and receiving ports is very strong at this time. By analyzing the electric field, the phase relationship of the orthogonal electric fields can be changed. The arc-shaped groove 700 can play the role of changing the phase, so that the energy of the orthogonal electric fields is subtracted instead of added, thus reducing the coupling between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Furthermore, the introduction of only the arc-shaped groove 700 will deteriorate the axial ratio of the antenna. By adding a shorting pin 300 near the center of the circular patch, the axial ratio is improved. On the other hand, the dual-circularly polarized co-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna shares the same microstrip patch antenna unit for both transmission and reception functions. The required components are integrated on a dielectric substrate 100, which has the advantages of low profile, small size, and low cost.

Claims

1. A compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna, characterized in that, Includes dielectric substrates, coaxial probes, and coaxial cables; The dielectric substrate includes an upper surface and a lower surface; the upper surface and the lower surface are opposite to each other; The upper surface is provided with a radiating patch; the radiating patch is provided with a rectangular groove; The lower surface is provided with a metal ground; the metal ground is provided with an arc-shaped groove; The coaxial probe is welded to the lower surface; the coaxial probe includes a first coaxial probe and a second coaxial probe, the first coaxial probe is used as a receiving port, and the second coaxial probe is used as a transmitting port. The coaxial cable passes through the dielectric substrate and connects the radiation patch and the coaxial probe. The radiating patch is a circular radiating patch located at the center of the upper surface, with a diameter of 12.9 mm; The angle between the line connecting the center of the first coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch and the line connecting the center of the second coaxial probe and the center of the circular radiation patch is 90°. The center distance between the first coaxial probe and the dielectric substrate is 3.25 mm, and the center distance between the second coaxial probe and the dielectric substrate is 3.25 mm. The first coaxial probe is used to excite left-handed circularly polarized waves; The second coaxial probe is used to excite right-hand circularly polarized waves; The rectangular groove is located on the diameter of the circular radiating patch and has an area of ​​15 mm². 1mm, and there is a semi-circular notch on one side of the rectangular groove; The center of the semi-circular notch coincides with the center of the circular radiating patch; In the circular radiating patch, the angle between the diameter of the rectangular groove and the horizontal diameter is 45°; The outer diameter of the arc-shaped groove is 13.9 mm, the inner diameter is 11.9 mm, and the angle is 105°. In the lower surface, the projected position of the arc-shaped groove is located on the side of the coaxial line.

2. The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate has a size of 45mm. 45mm The dielectric substrate is 1.524mm thick and made of Rogers 5880 material.

3. The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is square in shape.

4. The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture transceiver antenna also includes a short-circuit pin; The short-circuit needle passes through the dielectric substrate; The short-circuit pin is connected to the circular radial patch and the metal ground; The short-circuit pin is cylindrical; The center of the shorting pin coincides with the center of the circular radiating patch.

5. The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the cross-section of the shorting pin is 1.2 mm; The semi-circular notch partially surrounds the shorting pin.

6. The compact dual-circularly polarized common-aperture simultaneous transmit and receive antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shorting pin is located on one side of the rectangular groove, and the coaxial probe is located on the other side of the rectangular groove.

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