High-efficiency earth digging and dust reducing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of excavators, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency soil digging and dust reducing device. The present application provides a high-efficiency soil digging and dust reducing device, which solves the technical problem that the excavator cannot reduce dust in the prior art. The high-efficiency soil digging and dust reducing device comprises an excavator, wherein the excavator is provided with a dust reducing assembly; the excavator comprises a main body, the main body is provided with a rear arm, the rear arm is provided with a front arm, and the front arm is provided with a bucket; a water supply device is arranged on the main body, and a sprayer is arranged at one end of the front arm close to the bucket; in the construction process, the sprayer is used for spraying water towards the bucket, so that the dust reducing function can be effectively achieved; meanwhile, since the water supply device and the sprayer are arranged on the main body and the front wall, the sprayer moves together with the bucket in the displacement process of the bucket, so that the dust reducing can be performed following the bucket, and the performance of the excavator is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavator technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency dust suppression device for excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators and loaders are important mechanical tools used for earthmoving and terrain shaping on construction sites. However, excavators and loaders have simple and limited functions, are prone to generating dust, which affects the health of operators and pollutes the local air.

[0003] With increasing environmental awareness and stricter environmental regulations from national and regional governments, construction sites are often required to cease earthwork operations before winter. At this time, the functional requirements for the site increase significantly.

[0004] Existing excavator blades are only used for excavating earth, causing serious dust and air pollution on site. They are often replaced by manual water spraying or a mist cannon truck working alongside them, which increases costs. Manual water spraying also poses certain safety hazards. The spray range produced by the mist cannon truck is fixed and cannot be flexibly changed with the excavator blade. It also affects the excavator driver's vision, which also poses a safety hazard.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies for excavators have the technical problem of being unable to reduce dust. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a high-efficiency dust suppression device for excavation, which solves the technical problem that excavators cannot suppress dust in the prior art.

[0007] Some implementation schemes for solving the above-mentioned technical problems include:

[0008] A high-efficiency dust suppression device for excavation includes an excavator, wherein the excavator is equipped with a dust suppression component;

[0009] The excavator includes a main body, the main body is provided with a rear boom, the rear boom is provided with a forearm, and the forearm is provided with a bucket;

[0010] The dust suppression assembly includes a water supply unit installed on the main body and a sprayer installed on one end of the forearm near the bucket. The water supply unit includes a water tank and a water pump installed in the water tank. The water pump supplies water to the sprayer through a water supply pipe. The water supply unit also includes a power regulator for adjusting the power of the water pump. The power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump.

[0011] The sprayer includes a continuously operating atomizing head and an intermittently operating spray head. The water supply pipe supplies water to the atomizing head and the spray head through independent branch water pipes. A control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe and the branch water pipe connected to the spray head.

[0012] The spray head sprays water at an angle upwards, the atomizing head sprays water at an angle downwards, the spray head is rotatably connected to the forearm, and the bucket adjusts the spray range of the spray head by controlling the spray direction of the spray head;

[0013] The working state of the bucket is determined, which includes digging state and transfer state. When the opening of the bucket is in a horizontal state, the working state of the bucket is the transfer state, and when the opening of the bucket is in a non-horizontal state, the working state of the bucket is the digging state.

[0014] The control valve is opened based on the working status of the bucket. When the bucket is in the digging state, the control valve is open, and the atomizing head and the spray head work simultaneously to reduce dust. When the bucket is in the transfer state, the control valve is closed, the atomizing head continues to work, and the spray head stops working.

[0015] Preferably, the bucket controls the spray direction of the spray head through a transmission assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a slip ring slidably connected to the forearm, the slip ring being provided with an extension rod, the bucket pushing the slip ring to displacement via the extension rod, and the spray head including a frame mounted on the forearm and a nozzle assembly rotatably connected to the forearm, wherein the nozzle assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring is provided with a rack meshing with the gear.

[0017] Preferably, the nozzle assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm, the slip ring is evenly distributed with the rack, the rack and the slip ring are integrally formed, the extension rod and the slip ring are integrally formed, and the end of the extension rod that contacts the bucket has a spherical part, the spherical part and the extension rod are integrally formed.

[0018] Preferably, the forearm is also provided with a positioning ring, and a spring is provided between the positioning ring and the slip ring to push the slip ring to move closer to the bucket.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the spring is fixed to the positioning ring, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the slip ring, with the slip ring located between the positioning ring and the bucket.

[0020] Preferably, the control valve is mounted on the forearm and is controlled by the slip ring.

[0021] Preferably, the atomizing head is located between the spray head and the bucket, and the atomizing head is evenly distributed around the forearm.

[0022] Preferably, the forearm is also provided with a protective cover, which is located between the atomizing head and the spray head, with a portion of the atomizing head and a portion of the spray head both located between the protective cover and the forearm.

[0023] Preferably, the main body is provided with a cab, the water supply device is located on the side of the cab away from the bucket, the water supply device is fixed to the main body by threads, the water supply pipe is clamped to the forearm and the rear arm, and both the forearm and the rear arm are fixed with clamps.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. By installing a water supply device on the main body and a sprinkler at the end of the forearm near the bucket, the sprinkler sprays water towards the bucket during construction, which can effectively reduce dust. At the same time, since the water supply device and sprinkler are both installed on the main body and the front wall, the sprinkler moves with the bucket during bucket displacement, thus following the bucket to reduce dust and optimizing the excavator's performance.

[0026] 2. By incorporating both atomizing and spraying heads, significant dust is generated during excavation when the bucket comes into contact with the excavated material. In this case, the simultaneous operation of both the atomizing and spraying heads enhances the dust suppression performance. When the bucket is transferring the material, since it is merely moving the material to another location without excavation, dust generation is minimal, and the atomizing heads alone are sufficient for dust suppression. By controlling the spraying head's operation based on the bucket's working status, the spraying heads do not need to operate continuously, reducing water consumption during dust suppression and conserving resources.

[0027] 3. By directing the spray head to spray water at an angle upwards, the water sprayed from the spray head follows a parabolic trajectory. Compared to spraying water at an angle downwards, this gives the spray head a larger spray range and optimizes its spraying performance.

[0028] 4. By rotating the sprinkler head to connect it to the forearm, the spray direction of the sprinkler head can be adjusted. This allows the spray angle of the sprinkler head to be adjusted according to different angles of the bucket relative to the ground, so that the water sprayed by the sprinkler head can be effectively sprayed to the dust-generating areas around the bucket head, greatly optimizing the dust suppression performance of the sprinkler head.

[0029] 5. By setting up atomizing heads, the bucket can use atomizing nozzles to suppress dust when transferring media, saving water resources and reducing dust suppression costs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] For illustrative purposes, several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the following figures. These figures are incorporated herein by reference and form part of the detailed description. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the subject matter of the invention.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view of the invention. For ease of illustration, Figure 1 , Figure 2 Only the location of the sprinkler is shown; details of the sprinkler are not shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first angle of the sprayer installation method on the forearm.

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the second angle of the sprayer installation method on the forearm.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly at the first angle.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the transmission assembly.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a spray head.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the frame.

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] 1. Excavator; 11. Main body; 12. Rear boom; 13. Front boom; 14. Bucket; 15. Cab.

[0041] 2. Dust suppression assembly; 21. Water supply unit; 22. Sprayer; 221. Atomizing head; 222. Spray head; 23. Water supply pipe; 24. Transmission assembly; 241. Slip ring; 242. Extension rod; 243. Frame; 244. Rack; 245. Positioning ring; 246. Spring; 25. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments shown below are intended to describe various configurations of the subject matter of the invention and are not intended to represent the only configuration in which the subject matter of the invention can be practiced. The specific embodiments include particular details intended to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the invention. However, it will be clear and apparent to those skilled in the art that the subject matter of the invention is not limited to the specific details shown herein and can be practiced without these specific details.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a high-efficiency dust suppression device for excavation includes an excavator 1, wherein the excavator 1 is equipped with a dust suppression component 2;

[0044] The excavator 1 includes a main body 11, a rear boom 12, a forearm 13, and a bucket 14. The main body 11 is rotatably connected to the rear boom 12, the forearm 13 is rotatably connected to the rear boom 12, and the bucket 14 is rotatably connected to the forearm 13. The main body 11 also includes other equipment, such as a hydraulic system for operating the bucket 14.

[0045] The dust suppression assembly 2 includes a water supply unit 21 installed on the main body 11 and a sprayer 22 installed on one end of the forearm 13 near the bucket 14. The water supply unit 21 includes a water tank and a water pump installed in the water tank. The water pump supplies water to the sprayer 22 through a water supply pipe 23. The water supply unit 21 also includes a power regulator for adjusting the power of the water pump. The power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump. The water pump and the power regulator can be powered by the main body 11 battery or by an independent battery.

[0046] The sprayer 22 includes a continuously operating atomizing head 221 and an intermittently operating spray head 222. The water supply pipe 23 supplies water to the atomizing head 221 and the spray head 222 through independent branch water pipes. A control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe 23 and the branch water pipe connected to the spray head 222.

[0047] The spray head 222 sprays upward at an angle, and the atomizing head 221 sprays downward at an angle. The spray head 222 is rotatably connected to the forearm 13. The bucket 14 adjusts the spray range of the spray head 222 by controlling the spray direction of the spray head 222.

[0048] The working state of the bucket 14 is determined, which includes digging state and transfer state. When the opening of the bucket 14 is in a horizontal state, the working state of the bucket 14 is the transfer state. When the opening of the bucket 14 is in a non-horizontal state, the working state of the bucket 14 is the digging state.

[0049] The control valve is opened based on the working status of the bucket 14. When the bucket 14 is in the digging state, the control valve is opened, and the atomizing head 221 and the spray head 222 work simultaneously to reduce dust. When the bucket 14 is in the transfer state, the control valve is closed, the atomizing head 221 continues to work, and the spray head 222 stops working.

[0050] In this manual, "the opening of the bucket 14 is in a horizontal state" means that the plane containing the opening of the bucket 14 is approximately horizontal. That is, the plane containing the opening of the bucket 14 can have a certain angle with the horizontal plane. The angle between the plane containing the opening of the bucket 14 and the horizontal plane is not specifically limited, but is based on the standard that the medium inside the bucket 14 will not fall out. The medium inside the bucket 14 is typically soil, gravel, etc.

[0051] The transfer state of bucket 14 refers to the transfer of soil and gravel from a first position to a second position, where the first and second positions do not overlap. For example, the first position could be the target location for excavation, and the second position could be a loading position, or a stacking position, etc.

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be further introduced in conjunction with the operation of excavator 1. When the excavator 1 is working, when the bucket 14 scoops up the medium, the bucket 14 directly contacts the medium and breaks the original stability of the medium. At this time, a lot of vibration and noise will be generated. Due to the formation of vibration and noise, the dust in the medium will be raised or the medium will generate dust. In this state, the sprayer 22 needs to effectively reduce dust. That is, the sprayer 22 needs to reduce dust as much as possible during the digging process. At this time, the spray head 222 and the atomizing head 221 should work simultaneously to optimize the dust reduction effect.

[0053] After excavator 1 digs up the medium, it needs to transfer the medium in bucket 14 to the target location. During this process, there will be no vibration or noise between bucket 14 and the medium. Only the medium in bucket 14 is accumulating inside bucket 14. At this time, there is no need for dust suppression, or only the atomizing head 221 is needed for dust suppression. Therefore, the spray head 222 does not need to work during this process to save water resources.

[0054] Therefore, as the excavator 1 operates, the sprinkler head 222 has an intermittent operating characteristic. However, controlling the intermittent operation of the sprinkler head 222 using non-mechanical control methods such as electronic components requires frequent switching of the relevant electronic components, which may cause damage to the electronic components or require frequent maintenance. Controlling the operating state of the sprinkler head 222 using a mechanical structure simplifies the structure of the dust suppression assembly 2 and eliminates the need for frequent maintenance. Therefore:

[0055] Reference Figures 3 to 8As shown, in some embodiments, the bucket 14 controls the spray direction of the spray head 222 via the transmission assembly 24.

[0056] The transmission assembly 24 includes a slip ring 241 slidably connected to the forearm 13. The cross-sectional shape of the forearm 13 and the rear arm 12 is generally rectangular, and the slip ring 241 is also rectangular. The slip ring 241 is provided with an extension rod 242. The bucket 14 pushes the slip ring 241 to move through the extension rod 242. The spray head 222 includes a frame 243 mounted on the forearm 13 and a nozzle assembly rotatably connected to the forearm 13. The nozzle assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring 241 is provided with a rack 244 that meshes with the gear.

[0057] During operation, the shovel head needs to rotate relative to the forearm 13 to enable the forearm 13 to work. The extension rod 242 contacts the bucket 14. When the bucket 14 and the forearm 13 have different included angles, the interference between the bucket 14 and the extension rod 242 is not the same. At this time, the extension rod 242 drives the slip ring 241 to move along the forearm 13 at different amplitudes, so that the bucket 14 drives the slip ring 241 to move through the extension rod 242.

[0058] During the displacement process of slip ring 241, rack 244 meshes with gear, and the linear motion of rack 244 is converted into the circular motion of gear, which in turn drives the nozzle assembly to rotate, thus changing the water spray direction of spray head 222.

[0059] The nozzle assembly may include a pipe connector, which can be fixed to the frame 243. The nozzle assembly also includes a pipe body, on which a nozzle is provided, and a branch water pipe supplies water to the nozzle through the pipe body.

[0060] Branch water pipes can be flexible hoses. Since the displacement mode of rack 244 is reciprocating motion and the displacement amplitude is not large, when flexible hoses are used for branch water pipes, the deformation of the flexible hoses can satisfy the forward and reverse rotation motion of the pipe body.

[0061] When the branch water pipe is not a flexible hose, the branch water pipe can be connected to the pipe body through a swivel joint. The pipe body can rotate relative to the swivel joint, and there is a sealing property between the pipe body and the swivel joint.

[0062] The specific structure of the branch water pipes is not limited and can be reasonably determined according to needs. The frame 243 can be welded to the forearm 13, or it can be fixed to the forearm 13 by threads. Pipe joints can be fixed to the frame 243 by threads. Threaded connections in this manual include screw connections, bolt connections, etc.

[0063] Reference Figures 3 to 8As shown, in some embodiments, the nozzle assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm 13, the slip ring 241 is evenly distributed with the rack 244, the rack 244 and the slip ring 241 are integral structures, the extension rod 242 and the slip ring 241 are integral structures, the end of the extension rod 242 that contacts the bucket 14 has a spherical part, the spherical part and the extension rod 242 are integral structures.

[0064] The forearm 13 is also provided with a positioning ring 245, and a spring 246 is provided between the positioning ring 245 and the slip ring 241 to push the slip ring 241 to move closer to the bucket 14. The positioning ring 245 can be an integral structure with the forearm 13, or it can be fixed to the forearm 13 by a detachable or non-detachable connection. The spring 246 is mainly used to enable the slip ring 241 to move towards the bucket 14 in a timely manner. Normally, the slip ring 241 will also automatically move towards the bucket 14 under its own weight. Then, by setting the spring 246, the displacement of the slip ring 241 has a higher accuracy. Since the position of the slip ring 241 indirectly controls the spray direction of the spray head 222, the slip ring 241 should have high displacement accuracy. By setting the spring 246, the displacement accuracy of the slip ring 241 can be improved.

[0065] One end of the spring 246 is fixed to the positioning ring 245, and the other end of the spring 246 is fixed to the slip ring 241, which is located between the positioning ring 245 and the bucket 14.

[0066] In some embodiments, the control valve is mounted on the forearm 13 and is controlled by the slip ring 241. For example, the control valve can be threaded onto the forearm 13.

[0067] The control valve can be a touch-triggered valve body. When the bucket 14 rotates to a specific angle, the bucket 14 pushes the slip ring 241 to a certain position through the extension rod 242. The slip ring 241 triggers the control valve at this position, causing the control valve to close, thereby closing the spray head 222.

[0068] When the bucket 14 is transferring the medium, its angle is usually within a certain range. Therefore, this scheme can meet the control operation of the control valve and does not require the installation of electronic components. Both the excavator 1 and the dust suppression component 2 are easy to maintain.

[0069] The control valve may include a trigger rod, which may have a large triggering range. That is, the control valve can be opened or closed by moving the trigger rod within a certain distance, thereby compensating for the angular error of the bucket 14 when transferring the medium and enabling the control valve to close correctly.

[0070] Reference Figures 3 to 8As shown, in some embodiments, the atomizing head 221 is located between the spray head 222 and the bucket 14, and the atomizing head 221 is evenly distributed around the forearm 13. The atomizing head 221 can also be fixed to the forearm 13 by a bracket.

[0071] In some embodiments, the forearm 13 is further provided with a protective cover 25, which is located between the atomizing head 221 and the spray head 222, with a portion of the atomizing head 221 and a portion of the spray head 222 both located between the protective cover 25 and the forearm 13.

[0072] The protective cover 25 can be fixed to the forearm 13 by screws. The protective cover 25 may include an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A part of the spray head 222 is located in the upper cavity, and the side wall of the upper cavity will not interfere with the water sprayed from the spray head 222. A part of the atomizing head 221 is located in the lower cavity.

[0073] The protective cover 25 is mainly used to protect the spray head 222 and the atomizing head 221, preventing them from being damaged by falling stones.

[0074] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the main body 11 is provided with a cab 15, the water supply device 21 is located on the side of the cab 15 away from the bucket 14, the water supply device 21 is fixed to the main body 11 by threads, the water supply pipe 23 is snapped to the forearm 13 and the rear arm 12, and both the forearm 13 and the rear arm 12 are fixed with snap-fit ​​devices.

[0075] The control switch for the water pump and the adjustment switch for the power regulator are both located inside the cab 15 for easy operation by the operator.

[0076] The technical solution of the present invention and its corresponding details have been described above. It is understood that the above description is only some implementation schemes of the technical solution of the present invention, and some details may be omitted in the specific implementation.

[0077] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the above invention, multiple embodiments may be combined; however, due to space limitations, all such combinations will not be listed here. Those skilled in the art can freely combine and implement the above embodiments according to their needs to obtain a better application experience.

[0078] When implementing the subject matter of this invention, those skilled in the art can obtain other detailed configurations or drawings based on the subject matter and drawings. Obviously, these details are still within the scope of the subject matter of this invention without departing from it.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust suppression device for excavation, characterized in that: The device includes an excavator (1) equipped with a dust suppression assembly (2); the excavator (1) includes a main body (11), the main body (11) is equipped with a rear boom (12), the rear boom (12) is equipped with a forearm (13), and the forearm (13) is equipped with a bucket (14); the dust suppression assembly (2) includes a water supply device (21) installed on the main body (11) and a sprayer (22) installed on one end of the forearm (13) near the bucket (14), wherein the water supply device (21) includes a water tank and a water pump installed in the water tank, the water pump supplies water to the sprayer (22) through a water supply pipe (23), and the water supply device (21) also includes a power regulator for adjusting the power of the water pump. The power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump; the sprayer (22) includes a continuously operating atomizing head (221) and an intermittently operating spray head (222); the water supply pipe (23) supplies water to the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (222) respectively through independent branch water pipes; a control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe (23) and the branch water pipe connected to the spray head (222); the spray head (222) sprays obliquely upward, the atomizing head (221) sprays obliquely downward, the spray head (222) is rotatably connected to the forearm (13), and the bucket (14) adjusts the spray range of the spray head (222) by controlling the spray direction of the spray head (222); The working state of the bucket (14) is determined, including digging state and transfer state. When the opening of the bucket (14) is horizontal, the working state of the bucket (14) is transfer state. When the opening of the bucket (14) is non-horizontal, the working state of the bucket (14) is digging state. The control valve is opened according to the working state of the bucket (14). When the bucket (14) is in digging state, the control valve is opened, and the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (222) work simultaneously to reduce dust. When the bucket (14) is in transfer state, the control valve is closed, the atomizing head (221) continues to work, and the spray head (222) stops working. The bucket (14) controls the spraying direction of the spray head (222) through the transmission assembly (24). The transmission assembly (24) includes a slip ring (241) slidably connected to the forearm (13), the slip ring (241) is provided with an extension rod (242), the bucket (14) pushes the slip ring (241) to move through the extension rod (242), the spray head (222) includes a frame (243) mounted on the forearm (13) and a spray head assembly rotatably connected to the forearm (13), wherein the spray head assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring (241) is provided with a rack (244) meshing with the gear.The nozzle assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm (13). The slip ring (241) is evenly distributed with the rack (244). The rack (244) and the slip ring (241) are an integral structure. The extension rod (242) and the slip ring (241) are an integral structure. The end of the extension rod (242) that contacts the bucket (14) has a spherical part. The spherical part and the extension rod (242) are an integral structure. The forearm (13) is also provided with A positioning ring (245) is provided, and a spring (246) is provided between the positioning ring (245) and the slip ring (241) to push the slip ring (241) to move closer to the bucket (14); one end of the spring (246) is fixed to the positioning ring (245), and the other end of the spring (246) is fixed to the slip ring (241), and the slip ring (241) is located between the positioning ring (245) and the bucket (14); the control valve is installed on the Forearm (13), the control valve is controlled by the slip ring (241); the atomizing head (221) is located between the spray head (222) and the bucket (14), the atomizing head (221) is evenly distributed around the forearm (13); the forearm (13) is also provided with a protective cover (25), the protective cover (25) is located between the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (222), a part of the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (241) are provided with a protective cover (25), the protective cover (25) is located between the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (242), a part of the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (242) are provided with a protective cover (25), the protective cover (25) is located between the atomizing head (221) and the spray head (242 ... Part of 22) is located between the protective cover (25) and the forearm (13); the main body (11) is provided with a cab (15), the water supply device (21) is located on the side of the cab (15) away from the bucket (14), the water supply device (21) is fixed to the main body (11) by threads, the water supply pipe (23) is snapped into the forearm (13) and the rear arm (12), and both the forearm (13) and the rear arm (12) are fixed with snap-fit ​​devices.

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