Wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device

Abstract

The application discloses a wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device, and relates to the technical field of wave-particle duality demonstration teaching, which comprises a wave-particle duality device and an upper computer software operating system, wherein the wave-particle duality device comprises a single-photon source system, a combined prism system, a photon collection system and an electronic control system; the combined prism system comprises a first prism, a second prism and a light shield; the first prism and the second prism make the second polarized light output by the single-photon source system carry out Mach-Zehnder interference under the set adjustment angle of the light shield, and an interference light path is obtained; the electronic control system is used for counting the photons detected by a single-photon detector; and the upper computer software operating system displays the detection result. The wave-particle duality can be directly demonstrated through the wave-particle duality device and the upper computer software operating system, and the change of the photons can be observed only by adjusting the light shield, so that the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching technology, and in particular to a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device. Background Technology

[0002] Wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, describing a physical property of microscopic particles such as photons and electrons. In 1905, Einstein proposed the quantum interpretation of the photoelectric effect, leading to the realization that light waves simultaneously possess both wave and particle properties. In 1924, de Broglie proposed the "matter wave" hypothesis, suggesting that all matter, like light, exhibits wave-particle duality. According to this hypothesis, electrons also exhibit wave phenomena such as interference and diffraction, which was later confirmed by electron diffraction experiments. This theory provided an important theoretical foundation for understanding the properties of light and establishing quantum mechanics, and its understanding has significant implications for research and development in multiple disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.

[0003] However, traditional teaching of wave-particle duality typically relies on theoretical explanations and formula derivations. For beginners, the concept of wave-particle duality is often abstract and difficult to grasp. Commercially available methods generally use the double-slit experiment with electrons, or different instruments to demonstrate wave and particle properties separately. There is a lack of instruments that can simultaneously and visually demonstrate wave-particle duality. Therefore, developing a teaching instrument to demonstrate wave-particle duality is of great significance. This would allow students to observe the wave and particle properties of photons, thereby deepening their understanding of fundamental concepts in quantum mechanics. Furthermore, this instrument can be used for popular science education, disseminating basic knowledge of quantum mechanics to the public and improving scientific literacy, thus enhancing teaching quality and helping students understand wave-particle duality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device that can simultaneously demonstrate the wave and particle properties of photons. It is also convenient to operate, highly integrated, highly stable, produces clear experimental phenomena, is easy to scale up, and has simple optical path adjustment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device includes a wave-particle duality device and a host computer software operating system;

[0008] The wave-particle duality device includes a single-photon source system, a combined prism system, a photon collection system, and an electronic control system.

[0009] The single-photon source system is used to: convert pump light into a single-photon source, and separate the single-photon source into a first polarized light and a second polarized light;

[0010] The combined prism system includes a first prism, a second prism, and a light-blocking plate; the first prism and the second prism are used to cause the second polarized light to undergo Mach-Zehnder interference at a set adjustment angle to obtain an interference optical path; the set adjustment angle is the adjustment angle of the light-blocking plate;

[0011] The electronic control system includes a first single-photon detector, a second single-photon detector, and a third single-photon detector; the first single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a first photon detection result; the second single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a second photon detection result; and the third single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the first polarized light to obtain a third photon detection result.

[0012] The host computer software operating system is used to display the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result; the simultaneous detection result is the number of photons detected simultaneously by the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector.

[0013] Optionally, the single-photon source system includes a laser, a focusing lens, a nonlinear crystal, and a polarization beam splitter;

[0014] The laser is used to generate pump light;

[0015] The focusing lens is used to focus the pump light onto the nonlinear crystal;

[0016] The nonlinear crystal is used to convert pump light focused onto the nonlinear crystal into a single-photon source.

[0017] The polarization beam splitter is used to separate the single-photon source into first polarized light and second polarized light.

[0018] Optionally, the nonlinear crystal is barium metaborate crystal.

[0019] Optionally, the first prism and the second prism are prisms made of three isosceles right-angled triangular prisms glued together.

[0020] Optionally, the wave-particle duality device further includes a photon collection system; the photon collection system includes a first fiber coupler, a second fiber coupler, and a third fiber coupler;

[0021] The first fiber coupler is connected to the first single-photon detector via an optical fiber;

[0022] The second fiber coupler is connected to the second single-photon detector via an optical fiber;

[0023] The third fiber coupler is connected to the third single-photon detector via an optical fiber.

[0024] Optionally, the electronic control system further includes a coincidence counter; the coincidence counter is electrically connected to the first single-photon detector, the second single-photon detector, and the third single-photon detector, and is used to: count the photons detected by the first single-photon detector, the second single-photon detector, the third single-photon detector, and the photons simultaneously detected by the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector, and obtain the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result, respectively.

[0025] Optionally, the light-blocking sheet is a frosted black acrylic sheet.

[0026] Optionally, the wavelength of the pump light is 405 nm.

[0027] Optionally, the polarization state of the first polarized light is horizontally polarized light; the polarization state of the second polarized light is vertically polarized light.

[0028] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the following technical effects are disclosed: The present invention provides a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device, including a wave-particle duality device and a host computer software operating system. The wave-particle duality device includes a single-photon source system, a combined prism system, a photon collection system, and an electronic control system. The single-photon source system is used to: convert pump light into a single-photon source and separate the single-photon source into first polarized light and second polarized light. The combined prism system includes a first prism, a second prism, and a light-blocking plate. The first and second prisms are used to cause the second polarized light to undergo Mach-Zehnder interference at a set adjustment angle to obtain an interference optical path. The set adjustment angle is the adjustment angle of the light-blocking plate. The electronic control system includes a first single-photon detector, a second single-photon detector, and a third single-photon detector. The first single-photon detector detects photons in the interference optical path, obtaining a first photon detection result. The second single-photon detector detects photons in the interference optical path, obtaining a second photon detection result. The third single-photon detector detects photons in the first polarized light, obtaining a third photon detection result. A host computer software operating system displays the first, second, and third photon detection results, as well as the simultaneous detection results. The simultaneous detection result is the number of photons detected simultaneously by the first and second single-photon detectors. This invention provides a direct demonstration of wave-particle duality through wave-particle duality devices and a host computer software operating system. Changes in photons can be observed simply by adjusting the light-blocking plate. It is convenient to operate, highly integrated, highly stable, produces clear experimental phenomena, is easy to scale up, and has a simple optical path adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a wave-particle duality device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic control system structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the user interface of the host computer software operating system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the wave-particle duality device and the host computer software operating system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal optical path of the combined prism system with the light-blocking plate not moved, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal optical path of the combined prism system behind the movable light-blocking plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Symbol explanation:

[0037] Laser—1, Focusing Lens—2, Mirror—3, Nonlinear Crystal—4, Polarization Beam Splitter—5, Combined Prism System—6, First Fiber Coupler—7, Second Fiber Coupler—8, Third Fiber Coupler—9, First Fiber—10, Second Fiber—11, Third Fiber—12, First Prism—13, Second Prism—14, First Single-Photon Detector—15, Second Single-Photon Detector—16, Third Single-Photon Detector—17, Voltage Adapter Board—18, Coincidence Counter—19, Wave-Particle Duality Device—20, Host Computer Software Operating System—21, Light-Blocking Sheet—22. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device, which aims to provide an intuitive demonstration of wave-particle duality through wave-particle duality equipment and host computer software operating system. By simply adjusting the light-blocking plate, the changes in photons can be observed. It is easy to operate, highly integrated, highly stable, produces clear experimental phenomena, is easy to promote on a large scale, and has simple optical path adjustment.

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device in this embodiment includes a wave-particle duality device 20 and a host computer software operating system 21.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the wave-particle duality device 20 includes a single-photon source system, a combined prism system 6, a photon collection system, and an electronic control system. These components are connected to a host computer software operating system 21 via the electronic control system, thereby enabling the observation and analysis of wave-particle duality experimental phenomena.

[0043] The single-photon source system is used to: convert pump light into a single-photon source, and separate the single-photon source into first polarized light and second polarized light.

[0044] Specifically, the single-photon source system includes a laser 1, a focusing lens 2, a nonlinear crystal 4, and a polarization beam splitter 5.

[0045] The laser 1 is used to generate pump light; the wavelength of the pump light is 405nm. In this embodiment, the laser 1 is used to generate continuous pump light with a wavelength of 405nm. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the laser spectrum generated by the laser 1 is 0.9-1.1nm, and the polarization state is vertically polarized light (|V> light).

[0046] A focusing lens 2 is used to focus the pump light onto the nonlinear crystal 4. In this embodiment, the single-photon source system further includes a reflector 3, which is used to change the optical path of the pump light and reflect the pump light focused by the focusing lens 2 onto the nonlinear crystal 4. The nonlinear crystal 4 is used to induce a spontaneous parametric down-conversion effect in the pump light, thereby converting the pump light reflected by the reflector 3 into a single-photon source. The polarization beam splitter 5 is used to separate the single-photon source into a first polarized light and a second polarized light. The first polarized light is horizontally polarized; the second polarized light is vertically polarized.

[0047] Focusing lens 2 is used to focus the pump light onto nonlinear crystal 4. Reflector 3 changes the beam direction of the pump light, focusing it onto nonlinear crystal 4. After passing through nonlinear crystal 4, the light source undergoes spontaneous parametric downconversion, becoming a single-photon source. A photon with polarization direction |V> is converted into two photons with polarization directions |H> and |V> respectively (where |H> is horizontally polarized light and |V> is vertically polarized light). The single-photon source then passes through polarization beam splitter 5 to separate the horizontally polarized |H> light (i.e., the second polarized light) and the vertically polarized |V> light (i.e., the first polarized light). The horizontally polarized |H> light reaches the photon collection system after passing through polarization beam splitter 5, while the vertically polarized |V> light reaches the combined prism system 6. In this embodiment, nonlinear crystal 4 is a barium borate crystal (BBO) used to generate type II entanglement, with a cutting angle of 41.9°.

[0048] The combined prism system 6 includes a first prism 13, a second prism 14, and a light-blocking plate 22; the first prism 13 and the second prism 14 are used to enable the second polarized light to undergo Mach-Zehnder interference at a set adjustment angle to obtain an interference optical path; the set adjustment angle is the adjustment angle of the light-blocking plate 22.

[0049] The combined prism system 6 includes two combined prisms (i.e., the first prism 13 and the second prism 14) and a light-blocking plate 22. The first prism 13 and the second prism 14 are prisms formed by cementing together three isosceles right-angled triangular prisms. The combined prisms (i.e., the first prism 13 and the second prism 14) are formed by cementing together three isosceles right-angled triangular prisms, allowing the single-photon source to undergo Mach-Zehnder interference within the combined prisms. In this embodiment, the light-blocking plate 22 is a movable light-blocking plate used to block the propagation of light; it can be made of opaque frosted black acrylic.

[0050] The wave-particle duality device also includes a photon collection system. The photon collection system includes three fiber couplers (7, 8, 9) and three optical fibers (10, 11, 12) for collecting and detecting photons. Further, the photon collection system includes a first fiber coupler 7, a second fiber coupler 8, and a third fiber coupler 9; the first fiber coupler 7 is connected to the first single-photon detector 15 via a first optical fiber 10; the second fiber coupler 8 is connected to the second single-photon detector 16 via a second optical fiber 11; and the third fiber coupler 9 is connected to the third single-photon detector 17 via a third optical fiber 12.

[0051] The photon collection system is used to collect photons from the interference optical path and the second polarized light; the electronic control system includes a first single-photon detector 15, a second single-photon detector 16, and a third single-photon detector 17; the first single-photon detector 15 is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a first photon detection result; the second single-photon detector 16 is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a second photon detection result; the third single-photon detector 17 is used to detect photons in the first polarized light to obtain a third photon detection result.

[0052] The electronic control system further includes a coincidence counter 19; the coincidence counter 19 is electrically connected to the first single-photon detector 15, the second single-photon detector 16, and the third single-photon detector 17, and is used to: count the photons detected by the first single-photon detector 15, the second single-photon detector 16, and the third single-photon detector 17, as well as the photons simultaneously detected by the first single-photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, to obtain the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result, respectively.

[0053] The electronic control system includes a voltage adapter board 18, which is used to connect to a power supply. The electronic control system is connected to the photon collection system via optical fibers (first optical fiber 10, second optical fiber 11, and third optical fiber 12).

[0054] The host computer software operating system 21, connected to the electronic control system via a data cable, is used to observe photon collection and verify wave-particle duality. The host computer software operating system 21 includes a demonstration interface for the wave-particle duality experiment principle, a real-time experimental data display interface, and a historical experimental record display interface. The host computer software operating system 21 is used to display the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result; the simultaneous detection result is the number of photons simultaneously detected by the first single-photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16.

[0055] When the light-blocking plate is not moved, the internal optical path diagram of the combined prism system 6 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it can be regarded as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Points A and C can be regarded as two beam splitters (BS), and points B and E can be regarded as two mirrors. Assuming that n photons are generated after passing through the barium borate crystal, after passing through the polarization beam splitter 5, n1 photons are reflected to reach the combined prism system 6, and n2 photons are transmitted to reach the third fiber coupler 9 (n1 = n2).

[0056] From a particle perspective, the probability of the n1 single photon at the combined prism being output from the first photon detector 15 connected to the first fiber coupler 7 and the second single photon detector 16 connected to the second fiber coupler 8 is both 0.5. Let n be the number of times the first photon detector 15 responds. D1 Let n be the number of responses of the second single-photon detector 16. D2 Let n be the number of times the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16 respond simultaneously. coin Then n D1 n D2 and n coin They respectively satisfy the following relationships:

[0057]

[0058] At this point, the number of photons detected by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16 is approximately n1 / 2 = n2 / 2, corresponding to the values ​​of Alice and Bob in the host computer software operating system 21, respectively. That is, they correspond to the first and second photon detection results, respectively. The number of photons detected by the third photon detector 17 is approximately n2, corresponding to the value of Cindy in the host computer software operating system 21, that is, the third photon detection result. The number of photons simultaneously detected by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16 should be approximately 0, corresponding to the values ​​of Alice & Bob in the host computer software operating system 21, that is, the simultaneous detection result. The photon count contrast between Alice & Bob and Cindy should be approximately 1:2. The host computer software operating system interface is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0059] From a wave perspective, the wave corresponding to n1 single photons splits into two waves at point A (BS), one propagating along path t and the other along path b. The wave propagating along path b accumulates π / 2 more phase at point A (BS) than the wave propagating along path t. The photons emitted to the second single-photon detector 16 travel along two paths: from t to the second single-photon detector 16 and from path b to the second single-photon detector 16. The phase difference between these two paths is π, and the two beams cancel each other out. Therefore, there should be no single-photon detection response at port 16 of the second single-photon detector, while there will be a single-photon detection response at port 15 of the first single-photon detector. Then n D1 and n D2 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0060]

[0061] At this point, the number of photons detected by the first photon detector 15, i.e., the first photon detection result, is approximately n1 / 2 = n2 / 2. The number of photons detected by the second single-photon detector 16, i.e., the second photon detection result, is approximately 0. The number of photons detected by the third photon detector 17, i.e., the third photon detection result, is approximately n2. The number of photons detected simultaneously by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, i.e., the simultaneous detection result, should be approximately 0. The photon count contrast between Alice and Cindy should be approximately 1:2.

[0062] At this time, the experimental results displayed on the host computer software operating system 21 indicate that they conform to the wave nature of photons.

[0063] Movable light-blocking plate 22 Figure 6 As shown, the light-blocking plate 22 blocks the propagation of photons along path b. From the particle's perspective, the single photon n1 at the combined prism has a 0.5 probability of reaching point C BS along path t, and then is transmitted to the second single-photon detector 16 or reflected to the first photon detector 15 with probabilities of 0.5 and 0.5 respectively. Therefore, there is a 0.25 probability that the first photon detector 15 port has a single-photon detection response, and a 0.25 probability that the second single-photon detector 16 port has a single-photon detection response, but the single-photon detectors at ports 15 and 16 cannot respond simultaneously. Therefore, n D1 n D2 and n coin They respectively satisfy the following relationships:

[0064]

[0065] At this point, the number of photons detected by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, i.e. the first photon detection result and the second photon detection result, are both approximately n1 / 4 = n2 / 4. The number of photons detected by the third photon detector 17, i.e. the third photon detection result, is approximately n2. The number of photons detected simultaneously by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, i.e. the simultaneous detection result, should be approximately 0. Correspondingly, the photon count contrast between Alice and Cindy, and between Bob and Cindy, should be approximately 1:4.

[0066] From a wave perspective, we only need to consider the light wave propagating along path t. When this light wave reaches point C BS, similarly, there will be a transmitted wave propagating along path t-2 (second single-photon detector 16) and a reflected wave propagating along path t-1 (first single-photon detector 15). Therefore, whenever there is a single-photon detection response at port 15 of the first single-photon detector, there should also be a single-photon detection response at port 16 of the second single-photon detector. Then n D1 n D2 and n coin They respectively satisfy the following relationships:

[0067]

[0068] At this point, the number of photons detected by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, i.e. the first photon detection result and the second photon detection result, are both approximately n1 / 4 = n2 / 4. The number of photons detected by the third photon detector 17, i.e. the third photon detection result, is approximately n2. The number of photons detected simultaneously by the first photon detector 15 and the second single-photon detector 16, i.e. the simultaneous detection result, should be approximately n1 / 4 = n2 / 4. Correspondingly, the photon count contrast between Alice, Bob, and Alice & Bob and Cindy should be approximately 1:4.

[0069] At this time, the experimental results displayed on the host computer software operating system 21 indicate that they conform to the particle nature of photons.

[0070] The wave-particle duality teaching demonstration system can effectively demonstrate the wave-particle duality of light.

[0071] This embodiment provides a wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device that helps students better understand the phenomena and principles of wave-particle duality through intuitive experimental demonstrations, compensating for the shortcomings of traditional teaching. Furthermore, students can conduct hands-on experiments, observe phenomena, and analyze data to deepen their understanding of the wave-particle duality concept, thereby enhancing their practical skills, innovative thinking, and scientific literacy. Simultaneously, wave-particle duality is one of the fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics and is of great significance to the research and development of quantum mechanics. Developing a wave-particle duality teaching device can provide students with a better learning platform and promote the research and development of quantum mechanics. Finally, the wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device involves knowledge from multiple disciplines such as physics, chemistry, and biology, which can promote interdisciplinary collaboration and integration. The development and application of wave-particle duality demonstration teaching devices can promote communication and cooperation between different disciplines and drive scientific and technological innovation and development.

[0072] In conclusion, developing a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device can compensate for the shortcomings of traditional teaching methods, enhance students' practical abilities and innovative thinking, promote the research and development of quantum mechanics, and facilitate interdisciplinary integration. Therefore, developing a wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device is essential.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the wave-particle duality teaching demonstration system of this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0074] Beneficial effects:

[0075] (1) The combined prism used in this embodiment is specially designed as a miniaturized scheme, which makes the optical path simpler, easier to adjust, and more integrated. While ensuring simplicity, this invention is also conducive to better demonstrating experimental phenomena and principles.

[0076] (2) In this embodiment, the optical path and the coincidence counting system are integrated into a double-layer structure. After the optical path is adjusted, it is fixed on the shell. Students do not need to make complicated optical path adjustments during the experiment. They only need to adjust the light-blocking plate of the combined prism to observe the change in the experimental count. This improves the efficiency of the experiment and also increases the students' participation, making it easier for students to better understand wave-particle duality.

[0077] (3) In this embodiment, the optical system and the electronic system are integrated inside the housing, and the light source is built in, so that the laser is confined to a fixed position, which further improves the safety of the device and makes it more suitable for teaching in middle schools and undergraduate programs.

[0078] (4) This embodiment not only updates the traditional physics experiment teaching content and improves the depth and difficulty of the course, but also provides a useful exploration and attempt for cultivating college students' innovative practical ability.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device, characterized in that, This includes wave-particle duality devices and host computer software operating systems; The wave-particle duality device includes a single-photon source system, a combined prism system, and an electronic control system. The single-photon source system is used to: convert pump light into a single-photon source, and separate the single-photon source into a first polarized light and a second polarized light; The combined prism system includes a first prism, a second prism, and a light-blocking plate; the first prism and the second prism are used to cause the second polarized light to undergo Mach-Zehnder interference at a set adjustment angle to obtain an interference optical path; the set adjustment angle is the adjustment angle of the light-blocking plate; The electronic control system includes a first single-photon detector, a second single-photon detector, and a third single-photon detector; the first single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a first photon detection result; the second single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the interference optical path to obtain a second photon detection result; and the third single-photon detector is used to detect photons in the first polarized light to obtain a third photon detection result. The host computer software operating system is used to display the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result; the simultaneous detection result is the number of photons detected simultaneously by the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector.

2. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-photon source system includes a laser, a focusing lens, a nonlinear crystal, and a polarization beam splitter; The laser is used to generate pump light; The focusing lens is used to focus the pump light onto the nonlinear crystal; The nonlinear crystal is used to convert pump light focused onto the nonlinear crystal into a single-photon source. The polarization beam splitter is used to separate the single-photon source into first polarized light and second polarized light.

3. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nonlinear crystal is barium metaborate crystal.

4. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first prism and the second prism are prisms made of three isosceles right-angled triangular prisms glued together.

5. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave-particle duality device further includes a photon collection system; the photon collection system includes a first fiber coupler, a second fiber coupler, and a third fiber coupler; The first fiber coupler is connected to the first single-photon detector via an optical fiber; The second fiber coupler is connected to the second single-photon detector via an optical fiber; The third fiber coupler is connected to the third single-photon detector via an optical fiber.

6. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic control system further includes a coincidence counter; the coincidence counter is electrically connected to the first single-photon detector, the second single-photon detector, and the third single-photon detector, respectively, and is used to: count the photons detected by the first single-photon detector, the second single-photon detector, the third single-photon detector, and the photons simultaneously detected by the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector, and obtain the first photon detection result, the second photon detection result, the third photon detection result, and the simultaneous detection result, respectively.

7. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking sheet is a frosted black acrylic sheet.

8. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump light has a wavelength of 405 nm.

9. The wave-particle duality demonstration and teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first polarized light is horizontally polarized; the second polarized light is vertically polarized.

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