A tetraphosphine ligand complex, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tetraphosphine ligand complexes and preparation method and application, belong to organic synthesis technical field.The application is with imino pyridine-containing bisphosphine ligand, metal ion as connecting center, pyridine nitrogen and imine nitrogen lone pair electron and cheap and easy to obtain metal ion coordination, thus can form a kind of pincer nitrogen phosphine ligand assembly and form tetraphosphine ligand complex.The ligand modified rhodium catalyst shows good catalytic activity and selectivity in olefin hydroformylation reaction.The application overcomes the shortcomings of traditional polyphosphine ligand synthesis difficulty, low yield and high price, only needs to be prepared by mild one-pot assembly step through commercially available or raw material, and the tetraphosphine ligand with strong stability and high yield can be prepared.The application solves the problem of harsh synthesis conditions and complicated steps of polyphosphine ligand in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a tetraphosphine ligand complex and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hydroformylation of olefins catalyzed by transition metal complexes is an important industrial method for producing aldehydes from olefins and synthesis gas. With an annual aldehyde production exceeding 10 million tons, it has become one of the most important industrial catalytic processes. Aldehydes are widely used as pesticides, disinfectants, and preservatives in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and chemical industries. Aldehydes can be further converted into amines, alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides, serving as important intermediates in the synthesis of softeners, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals, and possess significant economic value.

[0003] Phosphine ligand-modified rhodium catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in hydroformylation reactions. However, traditional phosphine ligand synthesis methods often face challenges such as numerous synthesis steps, complex operations, and harsh reaction conditions. This makes the synthesis of phosphine ligands, especially polyphosphine ligands, difficult, with low yields and high costs, hindering their application. Therefore, the development of green and efficient methods for synthesizing polyphosphine ligands is crucial.

[0004] With the advancement of supramolecular self-assembly, strategies for assembling bisphosphine ligands from monophosphine ligands have been increasingly reported. This strategy requires the rational design of ligand building blocks, which can be rapidly constructed into structurally diverse ligands through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatics, and metal-ligand coordination. The greatest advantage of this strategy is the efficient and modular preparation of phosphine ligands, which, to some extent, overcomes the complexities of traditional covalently bonded phosphine ligand synthesis methods and allows for exponential expansion of the ligand library in a short period of time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a tetraphosphine ligand complex and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing catalyst has low catalytic efficiency when catalyzing olefin hydroformylation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a tetraphosphine ligand complex, the structural formula of the tetraphosphine ligand complex is shown in Formula I:

[0007]

[0008] Wherein, R is aryl, cyclohexyl or pyrrolyl;

[0009] M n+ Fe 2+ 、Zn 2+ or Co 3+ ;

[0010] X - OTf - NTf2 - or BF4 - .

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0012] Further, R is phenyl; X - NTf2 - .

[0013] Furthermore, the tetraphosphine ligand complex is one of the following compounds:

[0014]

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the tetraphosphine ligand complex, which comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: adding a phosphine-containing monoamine, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and an inorganic salt in a molar ratio of 4:2:1 into a reaction vessel, evacuating the vessel, and replacing the air in the reaction vessel with an inert gas; the inorganic salt is an iron salt, a zinc salt, or a cobalt salt;

[0017] S2: Add an organic solvent to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 40-80°C for 10-15 hours, and then cool to room temperature;

[0018] S3: removing the organic solvent, and then dissolving the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether, performing recrystallization, and collecting the crystals to obtain a tetraphosphine ligand complex.

[0019] Furthermore, the phosphine-containing monoamine is 4-(diphenylphosphino)aniline or 3-(diphenylphosphino)aniline; the iron salt is ferrous trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide iron or ferrous tetrafluoroborate; the zinc salt is zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide zinc or zinc tetrafluoroborate; the cobalt salt is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide cobalt; the inert gas is argon or nitrogen; and the organic solvent is at least one of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate.

[0020] Furthermore, the stirring reaction time in S2 is 12 h.

[0021] Furthermore, the mixed solution was prepared by mixing acetonitrile and diethyl ether in a volume ratio of 1:50.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a catalyst for olefin hydroformylation reaction, comprising a rhodium precursor and the above-mentioned tetraphosphine ligand complex, wherein the molar ratio of the rhodium precursor to the tetraphosphine ligand complex is 1:2 to 1:4; the rhodium precursor is [RhCl(CH2=CH2)2]2, RhCl3, [Rh(Cp*)Cl2]2, Rh(cod)2BF4, HRh(CO)(TPP)3, [Rh(cod)Cl]2, Rh(acac)(CH2=CH2)2 or Rh(acac)(CO)2, wherein Cp* is pentamethylcyclopentadiene, cod is 1,4-cyclooctadiene, and acac is acetylacetone.

[0023] The present invention also discloses the use of the catalyst in catalyzing olefin hydroformylation. The olefin hydroformylation reaction comprises the following steps:

[0024] The olefin, catalyst and organic solvent are added to a high-pressure reactor, the air in the reactor is replaced by synthesis gas (CO / H2), and then the reactor is filled with 1-4 MPa synthesis gas, and then reacted at 50-100°C for 5-12 hours to obtain the product; the molar ratio of the olefin to the rhodium precursor in the catalyst is 500-2000:1; the synthesis gas is formed by mixing CO and H2 at a volume ratio of 1.0:1-1.1:1.

[0025] Furthermore, the olefin is at least one of a low-carbon terminal olefin, a high-carbon chain internal olefin, a cyclic olefin, styrene, and an olefin containing an ether bond or an ester group; and the organic solvent is at least one of anisole, toluene, n-hexane, ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, xylene, trimethylbenzene, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and acetonitrile.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The tetraphosphine ligand complex prepared by the present invention has mild synthesis conditions and simple steps, and does not require the use of dangerous reagents such as n-butyl lithium or Grignard reagent used in traditional synthesis of phosphine ligands, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0028] 2. The tetraphosphine ligand complex prepared by the present invention has good stability and is not easy to deteriorate. The modified rhodium catalyst has good catalytic activity and selectivity in the olefin hydroformylation reaction.

[0029] 3. Rational modification of the molecular building blocks aldehydes and amines is expected to assemble phosphine ligands with more novel and diverse structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0035] S1: 4 mmol of 4-(diphenylphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide iron were added to a reaction vessel, vacuumed, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0036] S2: Add 10 mL of ultra-dry acetonitrile to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 70°C for 12 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0037] S3: removing acetonitrile by distillation under reduced pressure, and then dissolving the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), performing recrystallization, and collecting the crystals to obtain a tetraphosphine ligand complex L1.

[0038] The results of NMR characterization of L1 are as follows:

[0039] 1 H NMR (400MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ8.38-8.33(m,5H),7.47(d,J=5.2Hz,12H),7.23–7.19(m,8H),7.01(t,J=7.2Hz,4H),6.37(d,J=7.9Hz,4H)ppm.

[0040] 31 P NMR(162MHz,CD3CN)δ-6.14ppm.

[0041] 13 C NMR (200MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ172.2,160.3,147.9,141.0,138.1,137.0,135.1,134.6,130.5,130.4,129.9,121.8ppm.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0046] S1: 4 mmol of 3-(diphenylphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide iron were added to a reaction vessel, vacuumed, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0047] S2: Add 10 mL of ultra-dry acetonitrile to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 70°C for 12 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0048] S3: removing acetonitrile by distillation under reduced pressure, and then dissolving the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), performing recrystallization, and collecting the crystals to obtain the tetraphosphine ligand complex L2.

[0049] The results of NMR characterization of L2 are as follows:

[0050] 1 H NMR (400MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ8.13(s,6H),7.52(s,4H),7.35–7.21(m,27H),7.19(t,J =7.5Hz,5H),7.13-7.10(m,16H),6.16(d,J=6.7Hz,4H),5.60(d,J=5.0Hz,4H)ppm. 31 P NMR (162MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ-5.15ppm.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0055] S1: 4 mmol of 4-(diphenylphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of zinc bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide were added to a reaction vessel, vacuumed, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0056] S2: Add 10 mL of ultra-dry acetonitrile to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 70°C for 12 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0057] S3: remove acetonitrile by distillation under reduced pressure, and then dissolve the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), perform recrystallization, and collect the crystals to obtain tetraphosphine ligand complex L3.

[0058] The results of NMR characterization of L3 are as follows:

[0059] 31 P NMR (162MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ-5.65ppm.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0064] S1: 4 mmol of 4-(diphenylphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of cobalt bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide were added to a reaction vessel, vacuumed, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0065] S2: Add 10 mL of ultra-dry acetonitrile to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 70°C for 10 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0066] S3: remove acetonitrile by distillation under reduced pressure, and then dissolve the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), perform recrystallization, and collect the crystals to obtain tetraphosphine ligand complex L4.

[0067] The results of NMR characterization of L4 are as follows:

[0068] 31 P NMR (162MHz, CD3CN, 25℃) δ-6.15ppm.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0073] S1: 4 mmol of 4-(dipyrrolphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of ferrous trifluoromethanesulfonate were added to a reaction vessel, vacuumed, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0074] S2: Add 10 mL of dehydrated and deoxygenated ethyl acetate to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 60°C for 10 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0075] S3: Ethyl acetate was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was then dissolved in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), and recrystallized. The crystals were collected to obtain a tetraphosphine ligand complex L5.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] A tetraphosphine ligand complex, the synthesis reaction formula of which is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] The tetraphosphine ligand complex in this embodiment is prepared by the following steps:

[0080] S1: 4 mmol of 4-(dicyclohexylphosphino)aniline, 2 mmol of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and 1 mmol of ferrous tetrafluoroborate were added to a reaction vessel, the reaction vessel was evacuated, and the air in the reaction vessel was replaced with nitrogen;

[0081] S2: Add 10 mL of dehydrated and deoxygenated dichloromethane to the reaction vessel, stir and react at 40°C for 10 h, and then cool to room temperature;

[0082] S3: dichloromethane was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was then dissolved in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether (volume ratio 1 / 50), and recrystallized. The crystals were collected to obtain a tetraphosphine ligand complex L6.

[0083] Experimental Example 1

[0084] L1 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L1 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] The specific steps are:

[0087] 0.5 mL of 1-hexene, 7.7 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L1, 1.1 mg of Rh(acac)(CO)2, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in a high-pressure reactor with magnetic stirring. The air in the reactor was replaced with synthesis gas, which was then introduced at 1 MPa. The synthesis gas was a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio. The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reactor was cooled to room temperature. The solution in the reactor contained toluene and the hydroformylation product. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 45%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 23%.

[0088] Experimental Example 2

[0089] L2 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L2 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] The specific steps are:

[0092] 0.5 mL of 2-octene, 15.4 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L2, 1.1 mg of Rh(acac)(CO)2, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in an autoclave equipped with magnetic stirring. The air in the autoclave was replaced with synthesis gas, which was then introduced at 1 MPa. The synthesis gas was a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio. The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, leaving toluene and the hydroformylation product in the autoclave. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The aldehyde yield was 49%.

[0093] Experimental Example 3

[0094] L3 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L3 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] The specific steps are:

[0097] 0.5 mL of 1-decene, 7.7 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L3, 1.1 mg of Rh(acac)(CO)2, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in a high-pressure reactor with magnetic stirring. The air in the reactor was replaced with synthesis gas, which was then filled with 1 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio). The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reactor was cooled to room temperature. The solution in the reactor contained toluene and the hydroformylation product. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 43%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 24%.

[0098] Experimental Example 4

[0099] L4 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L4 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] The specific steps are:

[0102] 0.5 mL of C8 mixed olefins, 7.7 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L4, 1.1 mg of Rh(acac)(CO)2, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in a high-pressure reactor with magnetic stirring. The air in the reactor was replaced with synthesis gas, which was then filled with 1 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio). The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reactor was cooled to room temperature. The solution in the reactor contained toluene and the hydroformylation product. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The aldehyde yield was 31%.

[0103] Experimental Example 5

[0104] L5 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L5 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] The specific steps are:

[0107] 0.6 mL of styrene, 9.2 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L5, 1.2 mg of Rh(acac)(CH=CH2)2, and 3 mL of anisole were mixed and placed in an autoclave with magnetic stirring. The air in the autoclave was replaced with synthesis gas, and 2 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio) was introduced. The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature, and the solution in the autoclave contained anisole and hydroformylation product. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 20%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 48%.

[0108] Experimental Example 6

[0109] L6 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L6 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] The specific steps are:

[0112] 0.5 mL of propenylphenyl ether, 11.9 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L6, 1.7 mg of Rh(cod)2BF4, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in an autoclave equipped with magnetic stirring. The air in the autoclave was replaced with synthesis gas, which was then filled with 2 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio). The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature, leaving the solution containing toluene and the hydroformylation product. Olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 49%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 32%.

[0113] Experimental Example 7

[0114] L1 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L1 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] The specific steps are:

[0117] 0.5 mL of 1-tetradecene, 27.3 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L1, 3.9 mg of HRh(CO)(TPP)3, and 3 mL of tetrahydrofuran were mixed and placed in an autoclave equipped with magnetic stirring. The air in the autoclave was replaced with nitrogen and 3 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio) was introduced. The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, leaving tetrahydrofuran and the hydroformylation product in the autoclave. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 46%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 48%.

[0118] Experimental Example 8

[0119] L1 is used as a ligand to modify the rhodium precursor; the mixture of L1 and the rhodium precursor is used as a catalyst to catalyze the hydroformylation of olefins. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] The specific steps are:

[0122] 0.5 mL of 10-enoic acid methyl ester, 7.7 mg of tetraphosphine ligand complex L1, 1.1 mg of Rh(acac)(CO)2, and 3 mL of toluene were mixed and placed in an autoclave with magnetic stirring. The air in the autoclave was replaced with nitrogen and 2 MPa of synthesis gas (a mixture of CO and H2 in a 1:1 volume ratio) was introduced. The reaction was stirred at 90°C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, leaving toluene and the hydroformylation product in the autoclave. The olefin conversion and aldehyde yield were determined by gas chromatography. The linear aldehyde yield was 47%, and the branched-chain aldehyde yield was 30%.

[0123] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described by the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A tetraphosphine ligand complex, characterized in that The structural formula of the tetraphosphine ligand complex is shown in Formula I: ， Wherein, R is aryl, cyclohexyl or pyrrolyl; M n+ Fe 2+ 、Zn 2+ or Co 3+ ; X - OTf - NTf2 - or BF4 - .

2. The tetraphosphine ligand complex according to claim 1, wherein: The R is a phenyl group; the X - NTf2 - .

3. The tetraphosphine ligand complex according to claim 2, characterized in that The tetraphosphine ligand complex is one of the following compounds: 、 、 、 。 4. The method for preparing the tetraphosphine ligand complex according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The following steps are involved: S1: adding a phosphine-containing monoamine, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, and an inorganic salt in a molar ratio of 4:2:1 into a reaction vessel, evacuating the vessel, and replacing the air in the reaction vessel with an inert gas; the inorganic salt is an iron salt, a zinc salt, or a cobalt salt; S2: Add an organic solvent to the reaction vessel, stir the reaction at 40-80 °C for 10-15 h, and then cool to room temperature; S3: removing the organic solvent, and then dissolving the residue in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and diethyl ether, performing recrystallization, and collecting the crystals to obtain a tetraphosphine ligand complex.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The phosphine-containing monoamine is 4-(diphenylphosphino)aniline or 3-(diphenylphosphino)aniline; the iron salt is ferrous trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide iron or ferrous tetrafluoroborate; the zinc salt is zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide zinc or zinc tetrafluoroborate; the cobalt salt is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide cobalt; the inert gas is argon or nitrogen; and the organic solvent is at least one of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring reaction time in S2 is 12 h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume ratio of acetonitrile to diethyl ether in the mixed solution is 1:

50.

8. A catalyst for olefin hydroformylation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rhodium precursor and the tetraphosphine ligand complex according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molar ratio of the rhodium precursor to the tetraphosphine ligand complex is 1:2 to 1:4; the rhodium precursor is [RhCl(CH2=CH2)2]2, RhCl3, [Rh(Cp*)Cl2]2, Rh(cod)2BF4, HRh(CO)(TPP)3, [Rh(cod)Cl]2, Rh(acac)(CH2=CH2)2 or Rh(acac)(CO)2, wherein Cp* is pentamethylcyclopentadiene, cod is 1,4-cyclooctadiene, and acac is acetylacetone.

9. Use of the catalyst according to claim 8 in catalyzing olefin hydroformylation, characterized in that: The reaction of olefin hydroformylation comprises the following steps: The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalytic converter comprising adding an olefin, a catalyst and an organic solvent into a high-pressure reactor, replacing the air in the reactor with synthesis gas, then charging the reactor with synthesis gas at a pressure of 1 to 4 MPa, and then reacting the olefin at 50 to 100°C for 5 to 12 hours to obtain the catalytic converter; wherein the molar ratio of the olefin to the rhodium precursor in the catalyst is 500 to 2000:1; and the synthesis gas is formed by mixing CO and H2 at a volume ratio of 1.0:1 to 1.1:

1.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The olefin is at least one of a low-carbon terminal olefin, a high-carbon chain internal olefin, a cyclic olefin, styrene, and an olefin containing an ether bond or an ester group; and the organic solvent is at least one of anisole, toluene, n-hexane, ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, xylene, trimethylbenzene, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and acetonitrile.

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