A shallow structure for attracting wading birds

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shoal structure for attracting wading birds, comprising a shoal area formed by being constructed on the shore and surrounded by a shoal outer wall, wherein a microhabitat structure is arranged in the shoal area; a maze area is constructed in the shoal area, wherein the maze area consists of a main maze passage and a plurality of side maze passages connected thereto; a plurality of entrances and exits to the shoal area are arranged on the shoal outer wall; the microhabitat structure comprises an annular microhabitat enclosure constructed in the shoal area, wherein the area surrounded by the microhabitat enclosure forms a microhabitat water area, wherein a plurality of plant planting constraint rings are fixedly arranged in the microhabitat water area; the maze-style shoal structure can enrich surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shoal area, thereby improving the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, expanding the animal landscape and ecological restoration effect, and at the same time providing convenience for the investigation and monitoring of surrounding wading birds, especially rare species of wading birds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shoal structures, in particular to a shoal structure for attracting wading birds. Background Art

[0002] Shoals, generally referring to relatively shallow areas of water, are ideal habitats for wading birds (such as herons and shorebirds) and play a vital role in attracting them and restoring wetland ecosystems. Currently, shoals are primarily created through terrain modification to ensure an appropriate water depth to attract wading birds. However, since aquatic animals, which feed on wading birds, are distributed almost randomly across vast expanses of water, their density within shoals is relatively low, and this attracts more wading birds.

[0003] The existing shallow water structures have a weak effect on attracting wading birds. Some technologies use artificial facilities such as models and cages to attract wading birds, but they have the following disadvantages: (1) the main materials are plastic or metal, which is not compatible with the natural environment; (2) the attraction effect decreases over time and cannot be sustained; (3) the food source cannot be enriched, and the amount of food foraging by wading birds cannot be increased.

[0004] Most existing patents for shallows focus on water environment treatment, such as water purification and improving hydrodynamics. Only a small portion involves transforming shallows through plants, but none involve technologies for attracting wading birds. For example, the authorized invention patent "A method for creating shallow wetlands considering earthwork balance and habitat diversity" (CN202110120194.9) uses terrain modification and three-dimensional vegetation configuration to improve habitat diversity; the authorized invention patent "A wetland combination system for improving wetland biodiversity" (CN201510584912.2) improves biodiversity through the combined arrangement of multiple wetlands.

[0005] There are only two patents for attracting wading birds, both of which primarily involve the placement of facilities to attract wading birds, and neither involves modifying the shallows' structures. The utility model patent for "A Wading Bird Model" (CN201921813554.8) attracts wading birds by placing animal models, while the utility model patent for "A Cage for Attracting Wading Birds" (CN201520943765.9) places cages to help the birds acclimate before releasing them into the wild. This approach only works temporarily and has no effect on natural food supply or enrichment.

[0006] In summary, the existing technical solutions are not highly relevant to the technical problems to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shallow beach structure for attracting wading birds, thereby improving the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, and expanding the animal landscape and ecological restoration effects.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A shoal structure for attracting wading birds, comprising a shoal area formed by being constructed on the shore and surrounded by a shoal outer wall, wherein a microhabitat structure is arranged in the shoal area;

[0010] A maze area is built in the shallow area, which consists of a main maze passage and multiple side maze passages connected to it;

[0011] There are multiple entrances and exits to the shallow area on the outer wall of the shallow area;

[0012] The microhabitat structure includes a circular microhabitat wall built in a shallow area. The area surrounded by the microhabitat wall forms a microhabitat water area, and a plurality of plant planting constraint rings are fixed in the microhabitat water area.

[0013] The fixed restraint plantings in the plant planting restraint ring include cattail, reed, hornwort and black algae;

[0014] The water level in the shallow area gradually deepens from near to far from the shore. The water level in the shallow area close to the shore is 5 to 15 cm, and the deepest water level in the shallow area is 20 to 30 cm.

[0015] Preferably, both sides of the maze main channel and the maze side channel are composed of water flow barrier embankments, and the bottom of the maze main channel, the maze side channel and the microhabitat water area are filled with a filler base layer, a filler buffer layer and a filler surface layer in sequence from bottom to top;

[0016] Water flow barriers are constructed of stones, wooden piles, silt, or wooden planks;

[0017] The filler base is a mixture of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite;

[0018] The filler buffer layer is made of a mixture of gravel and fine sand;

[0019] The surface layer of the filler is soil matrix.

[0020] Description: Use materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through, such as stones, wooden stakes, mud, sand, and wooden boards to build water flow barriers, so that aquatic animals cannot easily come out after entering the maze and will be trapped inside, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of channel intercepting filters are fixed in the main channel of the maze and the side channels of the maze;

[0022] The channel interception filter is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 5 to 10 cm.

[0023] Description: The channel interception filter can slow down the migration speed of aquatic organisms (the organisms here refer to the food source of wading birds, generally small fish, shrimps, aquatic insects, etc.), so as to retain as many aquatic organisms as possible in the main channel of the maze and the channels beside the maze.

[0024] Preferably, a filter control mechanism is provided at the entrance and exit of the shallow area, the filter control mechanism comprising a filter control support beam fixed to the top of the entrance and exit of the shallow area, the two ends of the filter control support beam being respectively fixed to the outer walls of the shallow area at both ends of the entrance and exit of the shallow area, the filter control support beam having a vertically penetrating rotating shaft connection hole, a vertically extending filter plate connection shaft being rotatably connected in the rotating shaft connection hole, and a forward filter plate and a reverse filter plate being fixed on the filter plate connection shaft in a vertically cross-arranged manner;

[0025] A filter plate drive housing is fixed on the top of the filter control support beam, and the top of the filter plate connecting shaft extends into the filter plate drive housing. A filter plate drive motor for driving the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate is fixed in the filter plate drive housing;

[0026] The filter plate drive motor is a servo motor;

[0027] The filter holes on the forward filter plate have a diameter of 5 to 10 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate have a diameter of 0.2 to 1 cm.

[0028] Description: When the tide is high, the water in the river flows into the shallow area through the entrances and exits of the shallow area. The filter plate drive motor drives the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate, so that the positive filter plate is intercepted at the entrance and exit of the shallow area. The aperture of the positive filter plate is larger, which makes it easier for organisms in the river water to enter the shallow area.

[0029] When the tide recedes, the water in the shallow area flows into the river through the entrances and exits of the shallow area. The filter plate drive motor drives the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate, so that the reverse filter plate is intercepted at the entrance and exit of the shallow area. The aperture of the reverse filter plate is small, which prevents the organisms in the shallow area from escaping.

[0030] The working status of the forward filter plate and the reverse filter plate can be automatically set according to the high tide and low tide time.

[0031] Preferably, the other end of the labyrinth side channel is provided with a local circulation gate, which comprises a vertically extending gate lifting support tube and a circulation control gate slidably matched with the gate lifting support tube;

[0032] A gate lifting connection column is slidably connected in the gate lifting support tube, and a vertically extending lifting connecting groove is provided on the side of the gate lifting support tube. The flow control gate is fixedly connected to the gate lifting connection column;

[0033] The gate lifting connecting column is provided with a vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole, and the lifting control threaded hole is threadedly connected to a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod. A lifting drive motor is fixed in the gate lifting support tube, and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor is transmission-connected to the lifting drive threaded rod.

[0034] Description: In the local circulation gate, the opening degree of the maze main channel and the ends of each maze side channel is controlled by raising and lowering the circulation control gate, thereby controlling the water flow rate in the maze main channel and the maze side channel.

[0035] Preferably, a plant fixing constraint net is fixed on the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring, and a plurality of fixed constraint tubes are fixed on the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring, wherein fixed steel drills are slidably connected in the fixed constraint tubes.

[0036] Description: The plant planting restraint ring is convenient for fixing and restraining plants planted in the microhabitat water area. Multiple fixed steel drills are inserted into the soil to fix the plant planting restraint ring. Then the plants are fixed to the plant fixed restraint net with hemp rope. The hemp rope plays the role of early fixation and can be naturally degraded in the later stage.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of water circulation mechanisms are provided in the shallow area, the water circulation mechanisms comprising a water circulation holding pipe fixed in the shallow area and opening upward, a water external discharge temporary storage pipe coaxial with the water circulation holding pipe and opening upward fixed at the bottom thereof, the water external discharge temporary storage pipe being connected to a communicating water reservoir via the water external discharge pipe, a water circulation pump being fixed in the communicating water reservoir, and an output end of the water circulation pump being connected to the outside of the communicating water reservoir via the circulation external discharge pipe;

[0038] The side wall of the water circulation containing pipe is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes communicating with the inside and outside;

[0039] The communicating vessel reservoir is built downstream away from the shallow area to avoid the adverse effects of noise generated by the water pump during operation on wading birds.

[0040] Description: The water circulation mechanism is used to accelerate the flow of water in the shallow area and replenish the water in the shallow area. This cycle ensures that the water in the shallow area always maintains good water quality and ensures that there is enough dissolved oxygen in the water to provide microbial activity. In the process of replenishing the water in the shallow area, it can also promote the entry of organisms that can be eaten by wading birds in the river water into the shallow area.

[0041] Preferably, a floating object filtering mechanism is provided on the water circulation containing pipe, the floating object filtering mechanism comprises a floating object filtering pipe which is slidably connected in the water circulation containing pipe and has an opening facing downwards, a side surface of the floating object filtering pipe is provided with a plurality of water circulation flow grooves which are communicated with each other, and a floating object filtering net bag is fixed at the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe;

[0042] A filter pipe limiting plate is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe, and a pick-up and placement handle is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate.

[0043] Note: When the water in the shallow area enters the water circulation holding pipe through the water circulation flow hole, the debris floating on the water surface will be brought into the water circulation holding pipe. The floating debris filtering mechanism is used to intercept and filter these debris floating on the water surface, thereby purifying the water body and avoiding blockage of the water discharge temporary storage pipe and the water discharge pipe.

[0044] Preferably, a reverse circulation mechanism is provided in the area of ​​the shallow area near the shore, and the reverse circulation mechanism includes a reverse circulation delivery pipe extending along the outer wall of the shallow area near the shore, and a plurality of reverse circulation external discharge pipes connected to the reverse circulation delivery pipe are fixed thereon, and a reverse circulation delivery pump is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe, and the reverse circulation delivery pump is arranged upstream of the shallow area.

[0045] Description: The reverse flow mechanism is used to input water into the shallow area. When the water in the shallow area increases, it is discharged from the entrances and exits of each shallow area in the reverse direction to simulate tidal movement, making the water movement in the shallow area closer to the natural state, and providing a more comfortable natural environment for all creatures in the shallow area.

[0046] Preferably, a plurality of artificial ecological islands are provided in the shallow area, and the artificial ecological islands include an annular island wall constructed in the shallow area. When the water level in the shallow area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the island wall is 5 to 10 cm below the water level. The interior of the island wall is filled with a composite ecological filler. The composite ecological filler comprises, from top to bottom, an ecological island base layer, an ecological island buffer layer, and an ecological island surface layer. When the water level in the shallow area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer is 5 to 10 cm above the water level. The top of the ecological island surface layer has a plurality of interwoven island circulation grooves. When the water level in the shallow area is at its highest point at high tide, the bottom of the island circulation groove is 5 to 10 cm below the water level.

[0047] The base of the ecological island is made of a mixture of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite;

[0048] The buffer layer of the ecological island is composed of a mixture of gravel and fine sand;

[0049] The surface layer of the ecological island is soil matrix;

[0050] Herbs are planted on the surface of the ecological island, including Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, Oleracea chinensis, White clover, Dichloa repens, Buffalo grass, and Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0051] Note: Setting up multiple artificial ecological islands within the shallows structure is conducive to attracting insects and other small animals to live and reproduce, thereby increasing species diversity.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0053] 1. The present invention has a reasonable design and a maze-like shallow structure, which can enrich the surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shallow area, thereby improving the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, expanding the animal landscape and ecological restoration effects, and also facilitating the investigation and monitoring of surrounding wading birds, especially rare species of wading birds;

[0054] 2. The maze area of ​​the present invention is filled with complex passages and uses materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through (such as stones, wood piles, mud, sand, wood boards, etc.) to construct water flow barriers. This makes it difficult for aquatic animals to exit the maze after entering, and they are trapped inside, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals;

[0055] 3. When constructing the maze area of ​​the present invention, the overall pattern can be constructed according to a specific style, thereby forming a special landscape, realizing ecological value while providing humanistic and economic value;

[0056] 4. In the shallow area of ​​the present invention, a microhabitat is formed by filling the water area with a soil matrix suitable for the reproduction of native benthic animals and plants and planting native aquatic plants, thereby attracting surrounding aquatic animals to gather in the maze;

[0057] 5. The matrix of the present invention can be combined with a variety of biological fillers such as biological ceramsite, zeolite, etc., and can also be three-dimensionally configured with a variety of aquatic plants, such as emergent plants cattail, reed, etc., and submerged plants hornwort, black algae, etc., to provide a habitat suitable for the growth of microorganisms and benthic animals and improve the stability of the microhabitat.

[0058] 6. The present invention arranges filters with specific apertures at the entrances and exits of the shallows, thereby attracting target wading birds that can be eaten into the maze and excluding oversized species. The filters can be made of natural and durable materials such as bamboo nets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main passage of the maze of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filtration control mechanism of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Bottom view of

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the local circulation gate of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a plant planting constraint ring according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A top view of

[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a water circulation containment pipe according to the present invention;

[0067] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the communicating vessel water reservoir of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial ecological island of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Top view of .

[0070] In the figure, 10-shoal outer wall, 100-shoal area, 101-shoal area entrance and exit, 11-maze area, 111-maze main channel, 112-maze side channel, 12-water flow barrier, 121-filling base layer, 122-filling buffer layer, 123-filling surface layer, 13-channel intercepting filter, 14-filtering control mechanism, 141-filtering control support beam, 1410-rotating shaft connection hole, 142-filter plate connecting shaft, 143 -Forward filter plate, 144-reverse filter plate, 145-filter plate drive housing, 146-filter plate drive motor, 15-local flow gate, 151-gate lifting support pipe, 150-flow control gate, 1510-lifting connecting groove, 152-gate lifting connecting column, 153-lifting control threaded hole, 154-lifting drive threaded rod, 155-lifting drive motor, 20-microhabitat structure, 21-microhabitat wall, 210-microhabitat water Domain, 22-Plant Planting Constraint Ring, 221-Plant Fixed Constraint Net, 222-Fixed Constraint Pipe, 223-Fixed Steel Drill, 30-Water Circulation Mechanism, 31-Water Circulation Holding Pipe, 310-Water Circulation Flow Hole, 311-Water External Discharge Temporary Storage Pipe, 312-Water External Discharge Pipe, 32-Connecting Vessel Reservoir, 321-Water Circulation Pump, 322-Circulation External Discharge Pipe, 33-Floating Object Filter Mechanism, 331-Floating Object Filter Pipe, 3310-Water Body circulation trough, 332-floating object filter net bag, 333-filter pipe limit plate, 334-pick-up and drop handle, 34-reverse circulation mechanism, 341-reverse circulation delivery pipe, 3410-reverse circulation external discharge pipe, 342-reverse circulation delivery pump, 40-artificial ecological island, 41-island wall, 42-combined ecological filler, 421-ecological island base layer, 422-ecological island buffer layer, 423-ecological island surface layer, 424-island circulation trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following combination Figures 1-11The present invention is described in detail. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front and back directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right, front and back directions of the projection relationship of each main view or structural schematic diagram itself.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] A shallow structure that attracts wading birds, such as Figure 1 As shown, a shallow area 100 is constructed on the shore and surrounded by a shallow outer wall 10, and a microhabitat structure 20 is provided in the shallow area 100;

[0074] A maze area 11 is constructed in the shallow area 100. The maze area 11 consists of a main maze passage 111 and a plurality of side maze passages 112 connected thereto.

[0075] The outer wall 10 of the shallows is provided with a plurality of entrances and exits 101 of the shallows area;

[0076] The microhabitat structure 20 includes a microhabitat wall 21 in a ring shape built in the shallow area 100 . The area surrounded by the microhabitat wall 21 forms a microhabitat water area 210 . A plurality of plant planting constraint rings 22 are fixed in the microhabitat water area 210 .

[0077] The fixed and constrained plants in the plant planting constraint ring 22 include cattails and reeds;

[0078] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from near to far from the shore. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 15 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 30 cm.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, both sides of the labyrinth main channel 111 and the labyrinth side channel 112 are composed of water flow barrier dams 12, and the bottom of the labyrinth main channel 111, the labyrinth side channel 112 and the microhabitat water area 210 are filled with a filler base layer 121, a filler buffer layer 122 and a filler surface layer 123 from bottom to top;

[0080] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of stone;

[0081] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:1:2;

[0082] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of gravel and fine sand mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0083] The filler surface layer 123 is a soil matrix.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple channel interception filters 13 are fixed in the maze main channel 111 and the maze side channel 112;

[0085] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with an aperture of 10 cm.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, a filter control mechanism 14 is provided at the entrance and exit 101 of the shallow area. Figure 3 As shown, the filter control mechanism 14 includes a filter control support beam 141 fixed to the top of the shallow area entrance 101. The two ends of the filter control support beam 141 are respectively fixed to the shallow area outer wall 10 at both ends of the shallow area entrance 101. The filter control support beam 141 has a vertically extending rotating shaft connection hole 1410. A vertically extending filter plate connecting shaft 142 is rotatably connected in the rotating shaft connection hole 1410. The filter plate connecting shaft 142 is fixed to the filter plate connecting shaft 142 in a vertically cross-arranged forward filter plate 143 and a reverse filter plate 144.

[0087] A filter plate drive housing 145 is fixed on the top of the filter control support beam 141. The top of the filter plate connecting shaft 142 extends into the filter plate drive housing 145. A filter plate drive motor 146 is fixed in the filter plate drive housing 145 for driving the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate.

[0088] The filter plate drive motor 146 is a servo motor;

[0089] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 10 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 1 cm.

[0090] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, a plant fixing constraint net 221 is fixed on the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring 22 , and a plurality of fixing constraint tubes 222 are fixed on the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring 22 , wherein a fixing steel drill 223 is slidably connected in the fixing constraint tubes 222 .

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of water circulation mechanisms 30 are provided in the shallow area 100, such as Figure 8 As shown, the water circulation mechanism 30 includes a water circulation holding pipe 31 fixed in the shallow area 100 and with an opening facing upwards, and a water discharge temporary storage pipe 311 coaxial with the water circulation holding pipe 31 and with an opening facing upwards is fixed at the bottom of the water circulation holding pipe 31. Figure 9 As shown, the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311 is connected to the communicating water reservoir 32 through the water discharge pipe 312. A water circulation pump 321 is fixed in the communicating water reservoir 32. The output end of the water circulation pump 321 is connected to the outside of the communicating water reservoir 32 through the circulation discharge pipe 322.

[0092] The side wall of the water circulation holding pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes 310 communicating with the inside and outside;

[0093] The communicating vessel reservoir 32 is constructed downstream of the shallow area 100 to prevent the noise generated by the water pump from causing adverse effects on wading birds during operation.

[0094] Example 2:

[0095] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 As shown, the other end of the labyrinth passage 112 has a local flow gate 15, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the local flow gate 15 includes a gate lifting support tube 151 extending vertically, and a flow control gate 150 slidingly matched with the gate lifting support tube 151;

[0096] A gate lift connection column 152 is slidably connected to the gate lift support tube 151. A vertically extending lift communication groove 1510 is provided on the side of the gate lift support tube 151. The flow control gate 150 is fixedly connected to the gate lift connection column 152.

[0097] The gate lifting connecting column 152 has a vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole 153, and the lifting control threaded hole 153 is threadedly connected to a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod 154. A lifting drive motor 155 is fixed in the gate lifting support tube 151, and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor 155 is transmission-connected to the lifting drive threaded rod 154.

[0098] Example 3:

[0099] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 8 As shown, a floating object filtering mechanism 33 is provided on the water circulation containing pipe 31. The floating object filtering mechanism 33 includes a floating object filtering pipe 331 that is slidably connected to the water circulation containing pipe 31 and has an opening facing downward. The side of the floating object filtering pipe 331 has multiple water circulation flow grooves 3310 that communicate with each other inside and outside. A floating object filtering net bag 332 is fixed to the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe 331.

[0100] A filter pipe limiting plate 333 is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe 331 , and a pick-up and placement handle 334 is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate 333 .

[0101] Example 4:

[0102] On the basis of Example 3, Figure 1 As shown, a reverse circulation mechanism 34 is provided in the area of ​​the shallow area 100 near the shore. The reverse circulation mechanism 34 includes a reverse circulation delivery pipe 341 extending along the outer wall 10 of the shallow area near the shore. A plurality of reverse circulation external discharge pipes 3410 connected to the reverse circulation delivery pipe 341 are fixed. A reverse circulation delivery pump 342 is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe 341. The reverse circulation delivery pump 342 is arranged upstream of the shallow area 100.

[0103] Example 5:

[0104] On the basis of Example 4, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of artificial ecological islands 40 are provided in the shallow area 100, such as Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, the artificial ecological island 40 includes a circular island wall 41 built in the shallow area 100. When the water level in the shallow area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 10 cm below the water level. The island wall 41 is filled with a composite ecological filler 42. The composite ecological filler 42 consists of an ecological island base layer 421, an ecological island buffer layer 422, and an ecological island surface layer 423 from top to bottom. When the water level in the shallow area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 10 cm above the water level. The top of the ecological island surface layer 423 has multiple interwoven island circulation grooves 424. When the water level in the shallow area is at its highest point at high tide, the bottom of the island circulation grooves is 5 cm below the water level.

[0105] The ecological island base 421 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:1:2;

[0106] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is composed of a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0107] The surface layer 423 of the ecological island is the soil matrix;

[0108] Herbs are planted on the surface layer 423 of the ecological island, including Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, and Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0109] Example 6:

[0110] The difference from Example 5 is that the plant planting constraint ring 22 contains hornwort and black algae.

[0111] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from the shore to the far side. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 5 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 20 cm.

[0112] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of wooden piles;

[0113] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, bioceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 2:2:1;

[0114] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of gravel and fine sand mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0115] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 5 cm;

[0116] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 5 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 0.2 cm;

[0117] When the water level in the shoal area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 5 cm below the water level. When the water level in the shoal area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 5 cm above the water level. When the water level in the shoal area is at its highest point at high tide, the bottom of the island circulation channel is 10 cm below the water level. The herbaceous plants planted on the surface layer 423 of the ecological island include white clover, Chinese horsetail, buffalo grass, and ophiopogon.

[0118] The eco-island base layer 421 is made of pebbles, bioceramsite, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 2:2:1;

[0119] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is made of a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0120] Example 7:

[0121] The difference from Example 5 is that the plants fixedly constrained in the plant planting constraint ring 22 are cattail, reed, hornwort and black algae;

[0122] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from the shore to the far side. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 10 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 25 cm.

[0123] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of wooden planks;

[0124] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 1:2:1;

[0125] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of gravel and fine sand mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2;

[0126] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 7 cm;

[0127] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 7 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 0.6 cm;

[0128] When the water level in the shoal area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 7 cm below the water level. When the water level in the shoal area is at its lowest point at low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 7 cm above the water level. When the water level in the shoal area is at its highest point at high tide, the bottom of the island circulation channel is 8 cm below the water level. The herbaceous plants planted on the surface layer 423 of the ecological island include bermudagrass, zoysia grass, ocotillo grass, white clover, horsetail herb, buffalo grass, and ophiopogon japonicus.

[0129] The eco-island base layer 421 is made of pebbles, bioceramsite, and zeolite in a mass ratio of 1:2:1;

[0130] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is composed of a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0131] Application examples:

[0132] In the actual application of the present invention, the site selection and construction process of the shallow area 100 are as follows:

[0133] S1. Preliminary investigation:

[0134] Based on historical data or surveys of the area, determine the target species for attraction. For example, for egrets, identify the water depth where egrets appear, requiring a water depth of less than 30 cm, and determine the size of the food that egrets prefer to prey on, such as fish less than 10 cm in length and less than 5 cm in width. In addition, conduct a bird resource survey within the proposed construction area and its surrounding 2 km radius to determine the number and distribution data of egrets, and simultaneously investigate the species of native benthic animals, fish, and aquatic plants.

[0135] S2. Site selection:

[0136] After the preliminary investigation of S1 confirmed that egrets were active in the proposed construction area, a shallow area with rich aquatic biological resources, little human interference and suitable water depth was selected, such as an area of ​​0.1 square kilometers, and the shallow water depth in this area was less than 30 cm. There were native aquatic plants in the shallows of this area, which could be used to construct microhabitats and build a shallow structure to attract wading birds.

[0137] S3. Build a maze:

[0138] Silt is used as a barrier dam, and a filter with a pore size of 5 cm is set at the entrance. At the same time, a soil matrix suitable for the growth of benthic animals and plants is laid in the area, and native aquatic plants such as reeds and duckweed are arranged in a three-dimensional manner to form a microhabitat. According to the topography of the shallow area selected by S2, the shape of the maze is reasonably designed to form a unique landscape.

[0139] In actual application, the maze-like shallows structure of the present invention can enrich surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shallows area, thereby improving the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, expanding animal landscape and ecological restoration effects, and also facilitating the investigation and monitoring of surrounding wading birds, especially rare species of wading birds;

[0140] The maze area of ​​the present invention has a main maze passage 111 and multiple maze side passages 112 connected thereto. Water flow barriers 12 are constructed using materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through, such as stones, wood piles, mud, sand, and wood boards. This prevents aquatic animals from easily exiting the maze after entering it, and they are retained there, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals.

[0141] The water in the shallow area 100 enters the water circulation pipe 31 through the water circulation holes 310, and the water in the water circulation pipe 31 then enters the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311 from the top of the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311.

[0142] The temporary water discharge pipe 311, the temporary water discharge pipe 312 and the communicating water reservoir 32 form a communicating water reservoir, and the communicating water reservoir 32 is located at a lower level than the temporary water discharge pipe 311, so that the water in the shallow area 100 can flow into the communicating water reservoir 32 under the action of gravity. After the water in the shallow area 100 is reduced, the water in the river channel flows into the shallow area 100 through the various shallow area entrances and exits 101 to replenish the water in the shallow area 100. This cycle ensures that the water in the shallow area 100 always maintains good water quality and ensures that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water to support microbial activity.

[0143] During the process of replenishing the water in the shallow area 100, it can also promote the edible organisms of wading birds in the river water to enter the shallow area 100.

[0144] When the water in the shallow area 100 enters the water circulation holding pipe 31 through the water circulation flow hole 310, it will bring floating debris on the water surface into the water circulation holding pipe 31. The floating debris filtering mechanism 33 will intercept and filter these floating debris on the water surface, thereby purifying the water and preventing blockage of the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311 and the water discharge pipe 312. The water in the shallow area 100 passes through the water circulation flow hole 310 and then through the water circulation flow groove 3310 to first enter the floating debris filtering pipe 331. After being filtered by the floating debris filtering net bag 332, the water is discharged from the lower end of the floating debris filtering pipe 331 and finally enters the water circulation holding pipe 31.

[0145] The floating object filter pipe 331 can be removed from the top of the water circulation holding pipe 31, so that the floating object filter net bag 332 can be disassembled and the debris trapped on the floating object filter net bag 332 can be cleaned;

[0146] Water is introduced into the shallow area 100 by the reverse flow mechanism 34. When the water in the shallow area 100 increases, it is discharged in the reverse direction from the entrances and exits 101 of each shallow area to simulate tidal movement. This makes the water flow in the shallow area 100 closer to the natural state, providing a more comfortable natural environment for all creatures in the shallow area 100.

[0147] The reverse flow delivery pump 342 draws water from upstream and delivers it to the reverse flow delivery pipe 341. The water in the reverse flow delivery pipe 341 is then discharged through the reverse flow discharge pipes 3410. The newly input water causes the water in the shallow area 100 to flow from the shore toward the entrances and exits 101 of the shallow areas.

[0148] When water in the river flows into the shallow area 100 through the shallow area entrances and exits 101, the filter plate drive motor 146 drives the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate, so that the positive filter plate 143 is intercepted at the shallow area entrances and exits 101. The large aperture of the positive filter plate 143 facilitates the entry of organisms in the river water into the shallow area 100.

[0149] When water in the shallow area 100 flows into the river channel through the shallow area inlets and outlets 101, the filter plate drive motor 146 drives the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate, so that the reverse filter plate 144 is intercepted at the shallow area inlets and outlets 101. The aperture of the reverse filter plate 144 is small, which prevents organisms in the shallow area 100 from escaping.

[0150] The plant planting restraint ring 22 is convenient for fixing and restraining the plants planted in the microhabitat water area 210. A plurality of fixing steel rods 223 are inserted into the soil to fix the plant planting restraint ring 22. Then, the plants are fixed to the plant fixing restraint net 221 using hemp rope.

[0151] The local circulation gate 15 is used to facilitate the control of the water flow rate in the maze main channel 111 and each maze side channel 112. The lifting drive motor 155 drives the lifting drive threaded rod 154 to rotate, thereby driving the gate lifting connecting column 152 to move up and down along the axis of the gate lifting support tube 151. The gate lifting connecting column 152 drives the circulation control gate 150 to move up and down together. The circulation control gate 150 controls the degree of opening of the end of the maze main channel 111 and each maze side channel 112, thereby controlling the water flow rate in the maze main channel 111 and the maze side channel 112.

Claims

1. A shallow structure for attracting wading birds, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shallow area (100) formed by being surrounded by a shallow outer wall (10) on the shore, wherein a microhabitat structure (20) is provided in the shallow area (100); A maze area (11) is constructed in the shallow area (100), and the maze area (11) consists of a maze main channel (111) and a plurality of maze side channels (112) connected thereto; The outer wall (10) of the shallows is provided with a plurality of shallows area entrances and exits (101); A filter control mechanism (14) is provided at the entrance and exit (101) of the shoal area. The filter control mechanism (14) comprises a filter control support beam (141) fixed on the top of the entrance and exit (101) of the shoal area. Both ends of the filter control support beam (141) are respectively fixed to the shoal outer wall (10) at both ends of the entrance and exit (101) of the shoal area. The filter control support beam (141) has a vertically penetrating rotating shaft connection hole (1410). A vertically extending filter plate connection shaft (142) is rotatably connected in the rotating shaft connection hole (1410). A forward filter plate (143) and a reverse filter plate (144) arranged vertically and crosswise are fixed to the filter plate connection shaft (142). A filter plate drive housing (145) is fixed on the top of the filter control support beam (141), the top of the filter plate connecting shaft (142) extends into the interior of the filter plate drive housing (145), and a filter plate drive motor (146) for driving the filter plate connecting shaft (142) to rotate is fixed in the filter plate drive housing (145); The microhabitat structure (20) includes a microhabitat enclosure wall (21) constructed in a shoal area (100) and having an annular shape. The area surrounded by the microhabitat enclosure wall (21) forms a microhabitat water area (210). A plurality of plant planting constraint rings (22) are fixed in the microhabitat water area (210). A plurality of water circulation mechanisms (30) are provided in the shallow area (100), and the water circulation mechanisms (30) include a water circulation holding pipe (31) fixed in the shallow area (100) and opening upward, a water external discharge temporary storage pipe (311) coaxial with the water external discharge pipe (311) and opening upward is fixed at the bottom of the water circulation holding pipe (31), the water external discharge temporary storage pipe (311) is connected to a communicating water reservoir (32) via a water external discharge pipe (312), a water circulation pump (321) is fixed in the communicating water reservoir (32), and the output end of the water circulation pump (321) is connected to the outside of the communicating water reservoir (32) via a circulation external discharge pipe (322); The side wall of the water circulation containing pipe (31) is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes (310) communicating with each other inside and outside; A reverse circulation mechanism (34) is provided in the area of ​​the shoal area (100) close to the shore. The reverse circulation mechanism (34) includes a reverse circulation delivery pipe (341) extending along the outer wall (10) of the shoal close to the shore. A plurality of reverse circulation outer discharge pipes (3410) connected thereto are fixed on the reverse circulation delivery pipe (341). A reverse circulation delivery pump (342) is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe (341). The reverse circulation delivery pump (342) is arranged upstream of the shoal area (100).

2. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the labyrinth main channel (111) and the labyrinth side channel (112) are composed of water flow barrier embankments (12), and the bottom of the labyrinth main channel (111), the labyrinth side channel (112) and the microhabitat water area (210) are filled with a filler base layer (121), a filler buffer layer (122) and a filler surface layer (123) in sequence from bottom to top.

3. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of channel intercepting filters (13) are fixed in the labyrinth main channel (111) and the labyrinth side channel (112).

4. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the labyrinth side channel (112) is provided with a local circulation gate (15), and the local circulation gate (15) includes a vertically extending gate lifting support tube (151) and a circulation control gate (150) slidably matched with the gate lifting support tube (151); A gate lifting connection column (152) is slidably connected in the gate lifting support tube (151), and a vertically extending lifting communication groove (1510) is provided on the side of the gate lifting support tube (151), and the flow control gate (150) is fixedly connected to the gate lifting connection column (152); The gate lifting connection column (152) is provided with a vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole (153), the lifting control threaded hole (153) is internally threadedly connected to a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod (154), a lifting drive motor (155) is fixed inside the gate lifting support tube (151), and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor (155) is transmission-connected to the lifting drive threaded rod (154).

5. The shallows structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plant fixing constraint net (221) is fixed on the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring (22), and a plurality of fixing constraint tubes (222) are fixed on the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring (22), wherein a fixing steel bar (223) is slidably connected in the fixing constraint tubes (222).

6. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation containing pipe (31) is provided with a floating object filtering mechanism (33), the floating object filtering mechanism (33) comprising a floating object filtering pipe (331) slidably connected to the water circulation containing pipe (31) and with its opening facing downward, a plurality of water circulation flow grooves (3310) communicating with each other on the side surface of the floating object filtering pipe (331), and a floating object filtering net bag (332) fixed to the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe (331); A filter pipe limiting plate (333) is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe (331), and a pick-up and drop handle (334) is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate (333).

7. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of artificial ecological islands (40) are provided in the shoal area (100). The artificial ecological islands (40) include an annular island wall (41) constructed in the shoal area (100). The interior of the island wall (41) is filled with a composite ecological filler (42). The composite ecological filler (42) comprises, from top to bottom, an ecological island base layer (421), an ecological island buffer layer (422), and an ecological island surface layer (423). The top of the ecological island surface layer (423) is provided with a plurality of interwoven island circulation grooves (424).

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