A periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a periodically arranged seismic isolation super-foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers. The super-foundation is composed of two parts. First, there are interlayers of concrete and rubber. Second, there are periodically arranged unit cell structures in the concrete layer to form a bandgap. It is intended to construct the super-foundation device from two aspects for seismic isolation of the structure. When an earthquake occurs, first, the super-concrete material shakes under the action of seismic inertia, and the collision between the steel balls in the unit cell and the concrete wall and between the steel balls consumes part of the energy. Second, the periodically arranged unit cells exert a bandgap effect to suppress part of the seismic energy from being transferred to the foundation and structure. Finally, the interlayers of concrete and rubber cause shear deformation of the foundation, which can ensure that the upper structure moves horizontally, thereby avoiding bending damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building foundations, and in particular to a periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers. Background Art

[0002] Although there are many traditional methods for seismic resistance of surface structures, active seismic isolation measures require external energy, while passive seismic isolation measures sacrifice devices or local components, which more or less limit the application of traditional seismic isolation devices. The metamaterials that have emerged in the past decade have provided a solid theoretical basis for the proposal of new seismic isolation measures and devices in civil engineering due to their unique bandgap function. Due to the periodic arrangement of unit cells, complex reflections and diffractions occur when waves propagate within the unit cells, making it impossible for waves of certain frequency components to pass through, which is the so-called bandgap, to block wave propagation and thus play the role of seismic isolation. This method and material have been applied to some building structures, such as the subject name of the publication number CN118775496A, which is a vibration-damping metamaterial beam based on magnetically coupled oscillators, which applies the unit cell structure to the suppression of low-frequency vibrations of the beam. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention aims at providing a seismic-isolation concrete super-foundation structure.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers, including a concrete layer, in which a unit cell structure is provided, and the unit cell structure is periodically arranged in the concrete layer to form a forbidden band; the unit cell structure includes an outer shell and a cavity, the cavity is provided in the outer shell, and a sphere is provided in the cavity.

[0005] Furthermore, the shell is made of concrete, the sphere is made of steel, and the cavity contains liquid.

[0006] Furthermore, the shape of the outer shell is spherical, and the inner wall of the outer shell is also spherical.

[0007] Furthermore, it comprises a rubber layer, and the foundation comprises transversely arranged rubber layers and concrete layers interlayered, and the rubber layers and concrete layers interlayered are periodically arranged to form a concrete super foundation.

[0008] Furthermore, the unit cell structure is formed by pouring concrete in a mold, the mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, the inner mold includes the cavity, the sphere is pre-placed in the cavity, and the inner mold is fixed in the outer mold, so that a space for pouring to form the outer shell is formed between the inner mold and the outer mold, and concrete is poured in the space between the inner mold and the outer mold to form the unit cell structure.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an underground retaining wall, which includes a longitudinally arranged rubber layer, and the side surface of the retaining wall is connected to the foundation.

[0010] Furthermore, metal mesh or ribs are provided on both sides or one side of the rubber material in the rubber layer, and the metal mesh or ribs are fixed or detachable from the rubber material. The metal mesh or ribs are fixed on the formwork or steel bars, and the retaining wall and concrete super foundation are formed by pouring concrete on one side or both sides of the combined structure of the metal mesh or ribs and the rubber material.

[0011] The shock-absorbing structure between the underground retaining wall and the concrete super foundation may also use springs, and the retaining wall and the concrete layer of the concrete super foundation are connected by a plurality of springs.

[0012] The underground retaining wall and the concrete super foundation can also be connected by an energy-absorbing structure. Corresponding corbels are embedded in the concrete super foundation and the underground retaining wall. The corbels include H-shaped steels. Holes are punched on the wing plates and webs of the H-shaped steels. The energy-absorbing steel plates are connected to the wing plates and webs of the corbels on both sides by high-strength bolts.

[0013] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0014] The present invention uses the metamaterial theory to construct a new seismic isolation device. In the concrete layer, a unit cell structure is manufactured and periodically arranged in the concrete to form a superconcrete material. The unit cell structure is cast using a customized mold, the outer shell is mainly made of concrete, and a steel ball is placed in the middle. When an earthquake occurs, the superconcrete material first shakes under the action of seismic inertia, and the collision between the steel balls in the unit cell and the concrete wall, as well as between the steel balls, consumes part of the energy. At the same time, the periodically arranged unit cells exert a bandgap effect, suppressing part of the seismic energy from being transmitted to the foundation and structure.

[0015] Secondly, the concrete layer and the rubber layer are periodically arranged to form an interlayer, and the interlayer super-foundation of the concrete layer and the rubber layer constitutes a concrete super-foundation. After an earthquake occurs, the concrete layer and the rubber layer undergo shear displacement to prevent the structure from undergoing large bending deformation. The specific embodiment of the present invention plays the role of seismic isolation in many aspects. First, the traditional concrete foundation is transformed into an interlayer of concrete and rubber, which is periodically arranged to form a concrete super-foundation. The interlayer of the concrete layer and the rubber layer displaces after an earthquake to form the first layer of seismic isolation; the collision of the steel balls in the unit cell structure converts the energy of the earthquake into heat energy consumption to form the second layer of seismic isolation; the bandgap structure formed by the periodic arrangement of the unit cell structure constitutes the third layer of seismic isolation. The specific embodiment of the present invention achieves seismic isolation of the concrete foundation through the above-mentioned multi-layer seismic isolation measures. The advantages of the present invention are also that the unit cell structure is simple in form, easy to prepare, the rubber material is easy to obtain, there are many ways to isolate the seismic and the effect is good, and it can effectively protect the safety of the structure during an earthquake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a concrete super foundation and its frame structure for realizing the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the super foundation structure and the interior of the concrete layer;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the unit cell structure;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mold for the unit cell structure;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a retaining wall and a super foundation;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a retaining wall and a super foundation;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a configuration method of the rubber layer in the second embodiment;

[0023] Figure 8 Another arrangement of the rubber layer in the second embodiment;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a retaining wall and a super foundation.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Concrete super foundation; 2. Frame structure; 3. Concrete layer; 4. Rubber layer; 5. Bottom plate; 6. Unit cell structure; 601. Shell; 602. Cavity; 603. Sphere; 7. Retaining wall; 8. Spring; 9. Metal mesh; 10. Connector; 11. Corbel; 12. Energy-absorbing steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figures 2 to 4As shown, a periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayer of the present invention includes a concrete layer 3, a unit cell structure 6 is arranged in the concrete layer 3, and the unit cell structure 6 is periodically arranged in the concrete layer 3 to form a forbidden band. The unit cell structure 6 of this embodiment is spherical, or can be an elliptical rugby ball shape. In order to increase the contact area with the concrete, it can also be set as a multi-prism, star-shaped structure, etc., including an outer shell 601, the outer shell 601 is cast with concrete, and a cavity 602 is provided inside, and one or two steel spheres 603 are pre-placed in the cavity 602. The unit cell structure 6 is cast and formed by concrete casting using a customized mold. The inner mold can be made of steel, including two separable and fixed parts (such as two hemispheres) for combination, and after the steel ball is placed, it is combined to form a complete structure, or liquid can be injected and sealed at the same time as the steel ball is placed. The sealing can be achieved by setting a rubber sealing ring or welding along the seam. The inner mold can be connected to the outer mold through embedded parts or connectors to form the unit cell structure 6 by casting at one time, and the inner mold is not removed. It is also possible to first cast a hemisphere with concrete, set embedded parts at the interface of the hemisphere, and use the embedded parts (snap-on parts) to connect the two hemispheres. If liquid is injected, a rubber sealing ring can be used or the interface can be sealed with concrete, and then the shell is cast for a second time to form the required unit cell structure. When a columnar unit cell structure is used, the mold can also include an inner mold and an outer mold. The outer wall and bottom surface of the outer unit cell structure are cast first by setting the inner mold and the outer mold. After the sphere is placed, the top surface template of the cast structure is set, and concrete is injected after inversion to form a unit cell structure. A wire mesh can be set in the cavity, and the wire mesh is close to the top surface to prevent the sphere from entering the concrete when the top surface is cast. The top or bottom template can be embedded with an injection pipe connected to the cavity or filled with foam to form an injection hole after casting, and liquid can be injected through the hole. The combination of cavity 602, liquid and sphere 603 forms a shock-absorbing and isolating structure. The relative movement of sphere 603 in the liquid can convert the energy of movement into heat energy and consume it. The liquid used in the shock-absorbing structure of the combination of moving objects and liquid in the prior art can be used. When an earthquake occurs, the longitudinal wave reaches the epicenter first, causing the ground to vibrate up and down, which is less destructive. The transverse wave is a shear wave. When it reaches the epicenter, it causes the ground to shake back and forth and left and right, which is more destructive. When the earthquake wave reaches the foundation of the building, refer to Figure 1As shown, the energy of the earthquake is transmitted to the foundation and the frame structure 2, causing the foundation and the structure to vibrate. After the single-cell structure 6 vibrates, the sphere produces relative motion in the cavity, and part of the energy is transmitted to the steel sphere. The steel sphere obtains kinetic energy, and the steel ball collides or rubs with the liquid, which is converted into heat energy, and the mechanical energy is consumed, thereby reducing the kinetic energy on the foundation and the frame structure 2, and achieving shock absorption. The concrete layer can be prefabricated or cast on site. When pouring the concrete layer, the single-cell structure 6 is first arranged and fixed periodically. After the steel bars are tied, the single-cell structure is periodically buried and fixed to the steel bars by tying. It is also possible to set embedded parts in the shell of the single-cell structure and fix it to the steel bars with the embedded parts, or first weld the embedded parts to the short bars and use the short bars to connect to the steel bars of the concrete. It is also possible to set a wire mesh in the concrete layer and fix the single-cell structure on the wire mesh. After pouring the concrete, it is formed Figure 4 As shown, the unit cell structures 6 are arranged horizontally into several rows, and the unit cell structures 6 in the same row are arranged at equal intervals. The bandgap effect is exerted through the periodic arrangement of the unit cell structures 6. When the wave propagates in the unit cell, complex reflection and diffraction occur, resulting in waves of certain frequency components being unable to pass through, which is the so-called bandgap, blocking the propagation of the wave, thereby playing a role of seismic isolation.

[0028] In the above embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the foundation includes a bottom plate 5, under which a pile foundation can be set, and above the foundation is a frame structure 2. A rubber layer 4 and a concrete layer 3 are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate 5. The rubber layer 4 and the concrete layer 3 are arranged at intervals, that is, they are arranged as interlayers of the rubber layer 4 and the concrete layer 3. The rubber layer 4 and the concrete layer 3 are interlayered and periodically arranged to form a concrete super foundation 1. The super foundation structure forms another layer of seismic isolation. The unit cell structure 6 is periodically arranged to play a bandgap role, which can limit the propagation of waves within a certain frequency range and reduce the vibration of the building and the foundation. The concrete super foundation 1 composed of the interlayers of the rubber layer 4 and the concrete layer 3 undergoes shear dislocation during an earthquake to avoid large bending deformation of the structure. The greater the height of the building, the greater the amplitude of the shaking. The center of gravity of the building is offset and the force of the structure is changed. Therefore, the bending deformation of the building is more harmful than the translation. The displacement of the rubber layer 4 and the concrete layer 3 can avoid or reduce the bending deformation with greater harm. This structure constitutes another layer of seismic isolation measures.

[0029] In the above embodiment, it also includes an underground retaining wall 7, referring to Figure 5 As shown, in the first embodiment of the retaining wall 7, the retaining wall 7 is a concrete structure, and the retaining wall 7 is connected to the concrete super foundation 1 by a spring 8. When the foundation is displaced, the spring 8 deforms to convert the mechanical energy of the building into the potential energy of the spring 8, thereby reducing the amplitude of the building vibration and realizing the seismic isolation function.

[0030] Reference Figure 6As shown, in the second embodiment of the retaining wall 7, the retaining wall 7 includes a longitudinally arranged rubber layer 4, and the side of the retaining wall 7 is connected to the foundation, and the rubber layer 4 plays a shock-absorbing role when the foundation moves. The rubber layer 4 can be arranged on the interface between the retaining wall 7 and the foundation, or it can be similar to the interlayer structure of the concrete super foundation 1. Figure 7 As shown, the rubber layer 4 in the retaining wall 7 is easily deformed during pouring and is difficult to be formed at a predetermined position. Metal meshes 9 can be arranged on both sides of the rubber layer 4. Figure 7 The metal mesh 9 shown is not fixed to the rubber layer 4. The metal meshes 9 on both sides are fixed to the templates respectively. The rubber material is placed in the middle of the two layers of metal mesh 9. Then, concrete is poured to realize pouring the rubber layer 4 in the concrete retaining wall. Of course, the rubber material can also be as Figure 8 The metal mesh 9 is connected to form a whole through an elastic connector 10 or a rope, which is more convenient during construction. A certain space is reserved at the corners of the metal mesh 9 on both sides, and the rubber layer 4 has a certain elastic modulus. When the rubber layer 4 is only arranged on the side of the retaining wall 7, a metal mesh is arranged on one side of the rubber layer 4. The above-mentioned metal mesh fixing structure can also be replaced by steel bars. Similarly, in order to prevent the rubber layer 4 from sinking under pressure when the concrete super foundation 1 structure is poured, a steel mesh can also be arranged at a predetermined position as a support.

[0031] Reference Fig. 9 As shown, in the third embodiment of the retaining wall, the retaining wall 7 adopts a concrete structure, and the concrete super foundation 1 and the underground retaining wall 7 are correspondingly embedded with corbels 11, and the corbels 11 include H-shaped steel, and holes are punched on the wing plates and webs of the H-shaped steel, and the energy-absorbing steel plates 12 are connected to the wing plates and webs of the corbels 11 on both sides by high-strength bolts. In this embodiment, when an earthquake occurs, the energy of the earthquake is consumed by the fracture of the energy-absorbing steel plates 12, thereby achieving the functions of protecting the foundation and reducing seismic isolation.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers, comprising a concrete layer, characterized in that: A unit cell structure is provided in the concrete layer, and the unit cell structure is periodically arranged in the concrete layer to form a forbidden band; the unit cell structure includes an outer shell and a cavity, the cavity is provided in the outer shell, and a sphere is provided in the cavity; The base comprises a rubber layer, wherein the base comprises a rubber layer and a concrete layer interlayered in a transverse arrangement, and the rubber layer and the concrete layer interlayered are periodically arranged to form a concrete super base; Also included is an underground retaining wall, the retaining wall comprising a longitudinally arranged rubber layer, and the side of the retaining wall is connected to the foundation; Metal meshes are provided on both sides of the rubber material in the rubber layer of the retaining wall. The rubber material and the metal meshes are connected to form a whole through elastic connecting parts. A certain space is reserved at the corner parts of the metal meshes on both sides. Concrete is poured on one or both sides of the combined structure of the metal mesh and the rubber material to form the retaining wall.

2. The periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shell is made of concrete, the sphere is made of steel, and liquid is arranged in the cavity.

3. A periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shape of the shell is spherical, and the inner wall of the shell is also spherical.

4. The periodically arranged seismic isolation super foundation device based on concrete-rubber interlayers according to claim 3 is characterized by: The unit-cell structure is formed by pouring concrete in a mold, the mold includes an outer mold and an inner mold, the inner mold includes the cavity, the sphere is pre-placed in the cavity, and the inner mold is fixed in the outer mold, so that a space for pouring to form the outer shell is formed between the inner mold and the outer mold, and concrete is poured in the space between the inner mold and the outer mold to form the unit-cell structure.

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