Flame-retardant waterproof asphalt coil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waterproof roll materials, and discloses a flame-retardant waterproof asphalt roll material and a preparation method thereof. The flame-retardant waterproof asphalt roll material comprises raw materials in parts by weight: modified asphalt, polyvinyl chloride, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet stabilizer, nano-aluminum oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, magnesium hydroxide, and a self-healing material; a waterproof reinforcement layer comprising: modified asphalt, polyvinyl chloride, polyester fiber, low molecular weight polyethylene, a toughening agent, and a plasticizer; a fireproof and heat-insulating layer comprising: foamed polyurethane, expanded perlite, glass fiber, magnesium carbonate, and hollow glass microspheres; and a lower surface protective layer comprising: polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, aramid fiber, and a plasticizer. The flame-retardant waterproof asphalt roll material provided by the present invention has good flame retardant properties, can effectively reduce the flame spread speed when a fire occurs, and also has excellent waterproof properties, can effectively prevent moisture penetration, and ensure a dry environment for the building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waterproof coiled materials, and in particular to a flame-retardant waterproof asphalt coiled material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the construction industry continues to demand higher performance from building materials, waterproofing, flame retardancy, and thermal insulation have become crucial attributes. In multi-story buildings, asphalt waterproofing membranes are widely used on roofs, basements, and other areas exposed to environmental factors to ensure durability and safety. To improve the overall performance of waterproofing membranes, particularly their flame retardancy, thermal insulation, and protective properties, researchers are constantly exploring new material formulations and preparation processes.

[0003] Although traditional waterproof asphalt membranes have good waterproof properties, they have certain deficiencies in flame retardancy and thermal insulation properties. In addition, conventional materials are easily affected by ultraviolet rays, oxidation and mechanical damage during long-term use, which limits their scope of application and service life. Moreover, although common asphalt membranes have good waterproof properties, their fire resistance is poor and they are easy to burn in high-temperature environments. In addition, ordinary asphalt membranes are prone to aging and cracking during long-term use, which makes it difficult to meet the demand of modern buildings for highly durable and multifunctional waterproof materials. In order to improve the comprehensive performance of waterproof materials for buildings, composite materials have gradually become a research hotspot. Therefore, the development of a new type of flame-retardant waterproof asphalt membrane is an important research direction in the current field of materials science and engineering technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a flame retardant and waterproof asphalt roll and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problem in current technology that conventional materials are easily affected by ultraviolet rays, oxidation and mechanical damage during long-term use, which limits their application scope and service life.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a flame retardant and waterproof asphalt membrane, which comprises the following layers from top to bottom:

[0006] The upper surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of modified asphalt, 15-20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-1.0 parts of ultraviolet stabilizer, 3-5 parts of nano-alumina, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of magnesium hydroxide, and 1-1.5 parts of self-healing material;

[0007] The waterproof reinforcement layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of modified asphalt, 25 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-15 parts of polyester fiber, 2-3 parts of low molecular weight polyethylene, 3-4 parts of toughening agent and 2-3 parts of plasticizer;

[0008] The fireproof and heat-insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of foamed polyurethane, 20-25 parts of expanded perlite, 10-15 parts of glass fiber, 0.5-1 part of magnesium carbonate and 5-10 parts of hollow glass microspheres;

[0009] The lower surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 20-25 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 8-12 parts of aramid fiber and 5-10 parts of plasticizer;

[0010] The self-healing material is a microcapsule containing 4-6% by mass of dicyanoacrylate, 3-5% by mass of trimellitic anhydride and 1-2% by mass of diisocyanate.

[0011] Optionally, the antioxidant comprises 10-15% by volume of pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 20-25% of dioctyl thiodipropionate, 10-15% of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, and the remainder of toluene and impurities;

[0012] The ultraviolet stabilizer is 0.3-0.7 parts by weight of UV-1164 and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of UV-360;

[0013] The particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 1-2 μm.

[0014] Optionally, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyethylene is 1000-5000; the toughening agent is ethylene-propylene-diene monomer; and the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

[0015] Optionally, the compressive strength of the foamed polyurethane is 0.3-0.5 MPa; the particle size of the expanded perlite is 50-100 μm; the particle size of the hollow glass microspheres is 40-120 μm, and the aramid fiber is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber.

[0016] Optionally, the particle size of the microcapsules is in the range of 50-100 μm.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a method for applying the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt membrane, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Separately preparing an upper surface protective layer, a waterproof reinforcement layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and a lower surface protective layer;

[0019] The upper surface protection layer, waterproof reinforcement layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer and lower surface protection layer are compounded under controlled temperature, and cooled and solidified for 30 minutes after compounding.

[0020] Optionally, the upper surface protective layer is prepared by:

[0021] Mixing and stirring the modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride at 160-180°C to form a uniform molten mixture;

[0022] Adding antioxidant, UV stabilizer, nano-alumina, nano-titanium dioxide and magnesium hydroxide to the molten mixture in sequence, and continuing to stir until completely homogeneous;

[0023] The self-healing material is slowly added in the form of microcapsules and stirred until the molten mixture is evenly dispersed. The molten mixture is then coated on the surface of the waterproof reinforcement layer to form an upper surface protective layer.

[0024] Optionally, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is prepared by:

[0025] Premix the foamed polyurethane and expanded perlite at 60-80°C for 30-45 minutes to form a mixture;

[0026] adding the surface-treated glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres into the mixture in sequence, and continuing to mix until uniform;

[0027] The mixture is subjected to hot pressing at 100-120° C. to form a fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0028] Optionally, the preparation method of the lower surface protective layer is:

[0029] The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are melt-mixed at 200-220° C. and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring to obtain a homogenized mixture;

[0030] adding aramid fibers in a certain proportion evenly into the homogenized mixture and continuing to stir;

[0031] After the homogenized mixture is cooled to room temperature, a plasticizer is added, and degassing treatment is performed under vacuum conditions, and then the mixture is applied to the lower surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer to form a lower surface protective layer;

[0032] The preparation method of the waterproof reinforcement layer is:

[0033] The modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride are melted and mixed at 150-180°C and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring;

[0034] Gradually add low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer, and continue stirring until uniform; evenly disperse polyester fiber into the homogenized mixture according to proportion and continue stirring;

[0035] The mixture is extruded and cooled to form a waterproof reinforcement layer.

[0036] Optionally, the upper surface protective layer is cured for 40 minutes at 70-90°C after coating, the waterproof reinforcement layer is cured for 50 minutes at above 50°C, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is hot-pressed at 100°C and then cooled to 20°C, and cured for 90 minutes at 20°C, and the lower surface protective layer is cured for 50 minutes at 20°C after coating.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the flame-retardant and waterproof asphalt roll provided by the present invention has good flame retardant properties, can effectively reduce the flame spread speed when a fire occurs, and improve the safety of the building. Moreover, the roll has excellent waterproof performance, can effectively prevent moisture penetration, and ensure a dry environment for the building. The upper surface protective layer prepared by self-healing material can achieve self-healing when microcracks appear on the surface of the roll, thereby extending the service life of the roll. The nano-titanium dioxide in the upper surface protective layer can also perform self-cleaning, reduce the accumulation of surface dirt, and reduce maintenance requirements. The addition of antioxidants and ultraviolet stabilizers improves the weather resistance of the roll, so that it can still maintain good performance in harsh environments. The provision of a fireproof and heat-insulating layer further improves the flame retardant properties of the roll and reduces the risk of fire. The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer of the lower surface protective layer have good chemical stability, can effectively prevent the roll from aging, and increase its service life. The preparation method is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is convenient for large-scale production. The roll of the present invention is suitable for waterproofing and fireproofing projects such as roofs, basements, and bathrooms of various buildings, and has a high market application value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] This embodiment provides a flame retardant waterproof asphalt coiled material, which includes the following layers from top to bottom:

[0040] The upper surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of modified asphalt, 15-20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-1.0 parts of ultraviolet stabilizer, 3-5 parts of nano-alumina, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of magnesium hydroxide, and 1-1.5 parts of self-healing material;

[0041] The waterproof reinforcement layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of modified asphalt, 25 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-15 parts of polyester fiber, 2-3 parts of low molecular weight polyethylene, 3-4 parts of toughening agent and 2-3 parts of plasticizer;

[0042] The fireproof and heat-insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of foamed polyurethane, 20-25 parts of expanded perlite, 10-15 parts of glass fiber, 0.5-1 part of magnesium carbonate and 5-10 parts of hollow glass microspheres;

[0043] The lower surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 20-25 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 8-12 parts of aramid fiber and 5-10 parts of plasticizer;

[0044] The self-healing material is a microcapsule containing 4-6% by mass of dicyanoacrylate, 3-5% by mass of trimellitic anhydride and 1-2% by mass of diisocyanate.

[0045] Optionally, the antioxidant comprises 10-15% by volume of pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 20-25% of dioctyl thiodipropionate, 10-15% of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, and the remainder of toluene and impurities;

[0046] The ultraviolet stabilizer is 0.3-0.7 parts by weight of UV-1164 and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of UV-360;

[0047] The particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 1-2 μm.

[0048] Optionally, the molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyethylene is 1000-5000; the toughening agent is ethylene-propylene-diene monomer; and the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

[0049] Optionally, the compressive strength of the foamed polyurethane is 0.3-0.5 MPa; the particle size of the expanded perlite is 50-100 μm; the particle size of the hollow glass microspheres is 40-120 μm, and the aramid fiber is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber.

[0050] Optionally, the particle size of the microcapsules is in the range of 50-100 μm.

[0051] As can be appreciated, modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride work synergistically in the upper surface protective layer and waterproof reinforcement layer to provide excellent waterproofing, ensuring the material maintains its waterproofing effect in all weather conditions. Flame-retardant materials such as magnesium hydroxide, nano-alumina, magnesium carbonate, and glass fiber are used in combination throughout the layers to significantly enhance the material's fire resistance, meeting high fire protection standards. The self-healing material in the upper surface protective layer automatically repairs cracks when damaged, extending the material's service life and reducing maintenance costs. The expanded polyurethane foam, expanded perlite, and hollow glass microspheres in the fireproof and thermal insulation layer work together to provide excellent thermal insulation, enhancing the building's energy efficiency. Polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and aramid fiber in the lower surface protective layer provide excellent chemical resistance and mechanical protection, ensuring the material maintains its functionality in harsh environments. Nano-titanium dioxide in the upper surface protective layer also self-cleans, reducing surface dirt accumulation and lowering maintenance requirements.

[0052] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant and waterproof asphalt coil, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Separately preparing an upper surface protective layer, a waterproof reinforcement layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and a lower surface protective layer;

[0054] The upper surface protection layer, waterproof reinforcement layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer and lower surface protection layer are compounded under controlled temperature, and cooled and solidified for 30 minutes after compounding.

[0055] Optionally, the upper surface protective layer is prepared by:

[0056] Mixing and stirring the modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride at 160-180°C to form a uniform molten mixture;

[0057] Adding antioxidant, UV stabilizer, nano-alumina, nano-titanium dioxide and magnesium hydroxide to the molten mixture in sequence, and continuing to stir until completely homogeneous;

[0058] The self-healing material is slowly added in the form of microcapsules and stirred until the molten mixture is evenly dispersed. The molten mixture is then coated on the surface of the waterproof reinforcement layer to form an upper surface protective layer.

[0059] Optionally, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is prepared by:

[0060] Premix the foamed polyurethane and expanded perlite at 60-80°C for 30-45 minutes to form a mixture;

[0061] adding the surface-treated glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres into the mixture in sequence, and continuing to mix until uniform;

[0062] The mixture is subjected to hot pressing at 100-120° C. to form a fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0063] Optionally, the preparation method of the lower surface protective layer is:

[0064] The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are melt-mixed at 200-220° C. and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring to obtain a homogenized mixture;

[0065] adding aramid fibers in a certain proportion evenly into the homogenized mixture and continuing to stir;

[0066] After the homogenized mixture is cooled to room temperature, a plasticizer is added, and degassing treatment is performed under vacuum conditions, and then the mixture is applied to the lower surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer to form a lower surface protective layer;

[0067] The preparation method of the waterproof reinforcement layer is:

[0068] The modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride are melted and mixed at 150-180°C and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring;

[0069] Gradually add low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer, and continue stirring until uniform; evenly disperse polyester fiber into the homogenized mixture according to proportion and continue stirring;

[0070] The mixture is extruded into shape and cooled to form a waterproof reinforcement layer.

[0071] Optionally, the upper surface protective layer is cured for 40 minutes at 70-90°C after coating, the waterproof reinforcement layer is cured for 50 minutes at above 50°C, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is hot-pressed at 100°C and then cooled to 20°C, and cured for 90 minutes at 20°C, and the lower surface protective layer is cured for 50 minutes at 20°C after coating.

[0072] This process is typically performed layer by layer, allowing for flexible adjustment of the thickness, composition, and order of each layer, facilitating customized production. Furthermore, this method allows for the use of materials that are unstable or insoluble under high temperatures and pressures, expanding the range of materials available. Layer-by-layer lamination can also be performed at low temperatures, avoiding the degradation of certain materials at high temperatures.

[0073] Furthermore, the preparation method can also use a co-extrusion process for compounding, and the specific steps are:

[0074] 1. Material Preparation

[0075] Before optimizing the coextrusion composite method, the materials for each layer must be prepared in detail:

[0076] Upper surface protective layer: modified asphalt, polyvinyl chloride, antioxidant, UV stabilizer, nano-alumina, magnesium hydroxide and self-healing material.

[0077] Waterproof reinforcement layer: modified asphalt, polyvinyl chloride, polyester fiber, low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer.

[0078] Fireproof insulation layer: foamed polyurethane, expanded perlite, glass fiber, magnesium carbonate and hollow glass microspheres.

[0079] Lower surface protective layer: polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, aramid fiber and plasticizer.

[0080] 2. Preprocessing

[0081] Upper surface protective layer: Mix modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride at 160-180°C and stir to form a uniform molten mixture, add antioxidant, UV stabilizer, nano-alumina, nano-titanium dioxide and magnesium hydroxide in sequence, continue stirring until uniform, slowly add self-healing material in the form of microcapsules and stir evenly.

[0082] Waterproof reinforcement layer: melt and mix the modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride at 150-180°C, homogenize, gradually add low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer, stir until uniform, evenly disperse the polyester fiber in the mixture, and continue stirring.

[0083] Fireproof and heat-insulating layer: Premix foamed polyurethane and expanded perlite at 60-80°C, mix for 30-45 minutes, add surface-treated glass fiber and hollow glass microspheres, continue mixing until uniform, and perform hot pressing at 100-120°C to form a fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0084] Lower surface protective layer: melt and mix polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer at 200-220°C, perform homogenization, add aramid fiber into the homogenized mixture, stir evenly, cool to room temperature, add plasticizer, and vacuum degas for use.

[0085] 3. Co-extrusion compounding

[0086] Temperature control between layers: upper surface protection layer: maintain at 70-90℃ and cure for 40 minutes; waterproof reinforcement layer: maintain at above 50℃ and cure for 50 minutes; fireproof and heat-insulating layer: after hot pressing at 100℃, cool to 20℃ and cure at 20℃ for 90 minutes; lower surface protection layer: cure at 20℃ for 50 minutes.

[0087] Co-extrusion process: Use multi-layer co-extrusion equipment to compound each layer of material in sequence. Ensure that each layer maintains proper fluidity and temperature during the extrusion process to ensure good adhesion between layers. The composite material is then cooled as a whole. The cooling time and temperature should be adjusted according to the characteristics of each layer and the equipment requirements to ensure the bonding strength between the layers.

[0088] Cooling and curing: After co-extrusion lamination is completed, the entire coil needs to pass through a cooling area to ensure that the temperature gradually drops to room temperature. The cooling time should ensure that each layer of the coil is evenly cured to avoid interlayer delamination or performance degradation due to uneven cooling.

[0089] In this way, the four layers of material can be manufactured through co-extrusion lamination to form a multi-layer structure in a single process, significantly improving production efficiency and reducing production steps and time. This makes the production process more efficient and reduces production costs. Co-extrusion lamination technology can form good adhesion between the layers of material, ensuring that each layer is tightly bonded together. This tight bond not only improves the overall strength and durability of the coil, but also prevents the occurrence of delamination. Co-extrusion lamination technology allows for precise control of the thickness of each layer of material, ensuring that the thickness of each layer meets the design requirements. This precise control helps optimize the performance of the material, allowing each layer to perform its optimal function. Through co-extrusion lamination, the layers of material can be evenly distributed in the coil, ensuring that the various properties of the material are uniform. In this way, the waterproof, fireproof, thermal insulation, self-healing and other properties of the entire coil can be optimized and evenly distributed, improving the overall performance.

[0090] The performance of the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt membrane prepared by the present invention is described in detail by way of examples below: Example 1

[0091] Upper surface protective layer: modified asphalt: 32 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 18 parts by weight, antioxidant: 1.5 parts by weight, UV stabilizer: 0.8 parts by weight, nano-alumina: 4 parts by weight, nano-titanium dioxide: 2 parts by weight, magnesium hydroxide: 12 parts by weight, self-healing material: 1.2 parts by weight;

[0092] The modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride are mixed and stirred at 160-180°C to form a uniform molten mixture; an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, nano-alumina and magnesium hydroxide are added to the molten mixture in sequence, and stirring is continued until it is completely uniform; the self-healing material is slowly added in the form of microcapsules, and stirring is continued until the molten mixture is uniformly dispersed, and the molten mixture is coated on the surface of the waterproof reinforcement layer to form an upper surface protective layer.

[0093] Waterproof reinforcement layer: modified asphalt: 25 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 25 parts by weight, polyester fiber: 14 parts by weight, low molecular weight polyethylene: 2.5 parts by weight, toughening agent: 3.5 parts by weight, plasticizer: 2.5 parts by weight;

[0094] The modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride are melted and mixed at 150-180°C and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring; low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer are gradually added and stirred continuously until uniform; polyester fiber is evenly dispersed into the homogenized mixture according to proportion and stirring is continued; the mixture is extruded and cooled to form a waterproof reinforcement layer.

[0095] Fireproof and heat-insulating layer: polyurethane foam: 40 parts by weight, expanded perlite: 23 parts by weight, glass fiber: 12 parts by weight, magnesium carbonate: 0.8 parts by weight, hollow glass microspheres: 7 parts by weight;

[0096] The foamed polyurethane and the expanded perlite are premixed at 60-80° C. for 30-45 minutes to form a mixture; the surface-treated glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres are sequentially added to the mixture and mixed until uniform; the mixture is hot-pressed at 100-120° C. to form a fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0097] Lower surface protective layer: polytetrafluoroethylene: 32 parts by weight, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer: 22 parts by weight, aramid fiber: 10 parts by weight, plasticizer: 7 parts by weight;

[0098] The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are melt-mixed at 200-220° C. and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring to obtain a homogenized mixture; aramid fiber is evenly added to the homogenized mixture in a certain proportion and stirring is continued; after cooling the homogenized mixture to room temperature, a plasticizer is added, and degassing is performed under vacuum conditions, and then the mixture is applied to the lower surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer to form a lower surface protective layer;

[0099] The upper surface protection layer, waterproof reinforcement layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer and lower surface protection layer are compounded under controlled temperature, and cooled and solidified for 30 minutes after compounding. Example 2

[0100] Material composition

[0101] Upper surface protective layer: modified asphalt: 35 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 19 parts by weight, antioxidant: 1.8 parts by weight, UV stabilizer: 0.9 parts by weight, nano-alumina: 5 parts by weight, nano-titanium dioxide: 2 parts by weight, magnesium hydroxide: 15 parts by weight, self-healing material: 1.3 parts by weight;

[0102] Waterproof reinforcement layer: modified asphalt: 25 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 25 parts by weight, polyester fiber: 15 parts by weight, low molecular weight polyethylene: 3 parts by weight, toughening agent: 4 parts by weight, plasticizer: 3 parts by weight;

[0103] Fireproof and heat-insulating layer: polyurethane foam: 45 parts by weight, expanded perlite: 25 parts by weight, glass fiber: 15 parts by weight, magnesium carbonate: 1 part by weight, hollow glass microspheres: 10 parts by weight;

[0104] Lower surface protective layer: polytetrafluoroethylene: 35 parts by weight, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer: 25 parts by weight, aramid fiber: 12 parts by weight, plasticizer: 10 parts by weight;

[0105] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1. Example 3

[0106] Material composition:

[0107] Upper surface protective layer: modified asphalt: 30 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 17 parts by weight, antioxidant: 1.5 parts by weight, UV stabilizer: 0.6 parts by weight, nano-alumina: 3 parts by weight, nano-titanium dioxide: 2 parts by weight, magnesium hydroxide: 10 parts by weight, self-healing material: 1.1 parts by weight;

[0108] Waterproof reinforcement layer: modified asphalt: 25 parts by weight, polyvinyl chloride: 25 parts by weight, polyester fiber: 12 parts by weight, low molecular weight polyethylene: 2 parts by weight, toughening agent: 3 parts by weight, plasticizer: 2 parts by weight;

[0109] Fireproof and heat-insulating layer: polyurethane foam: 35 parts by weight, expanded perlite: 20 parts by weight, glass fiber: 10 parts by weight, magnesium carbonate: 0.5 parts by weight, hollow glass microspheres: 5 parts by weight;

[0110] Lower surface protective layer: polytetrafluoroethylene: 30 parts by weight, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer: 20 parts by weight, aramid fiber: 8 parts by weight, plasticizer: 5 parts by weight;

[0111] Preparation method:

[0112] Material preparation: the raw materials such as modified asphalt, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, self-healing material, foamed polyurethane, expanded perlite, etc. used for each layer are pretreated according to the above formula, including drying, mixing and surface treatment.

[0113] Co-extrusion compounding: Use a multi-layer co-extruder to feed the pre-treated layers of materials into independent extruders for heating and melting. The molten materials are merged through a co-extrusion die to form a multi-layer flame-retardant and waterproof asphalt membrane. The extrusion temperature is controlled within the range of 150-200°C to ensure that each layer of material is melted and fused at the optimal temperature.

[0114] Cooling and curing: The extruded composite coil is quickly cooled by the cooling system, and the temperature is controlled at 10-25℃ to ensure that each layer of material is fully cured and tightly bonded.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] Material composition: Single material waterproof membrane (traditional asphalt membrane)

[0117] Modified asphalt: 100 parts by weight

[0118] The modified asphalt is melted at 150-170°C, then extruded and cooled to form a traditional single-material waterproof membrane.

[0119] Comparative Example 2

[0120] Material composition: modified asphalt roll (with added antioxidant and UV stabilizer) modified asphalt: 95 parts by weight, antioxidant: 2.5 parts by weight, UV stabilizer: 2.5 parts by weight.

[0121] The modified asphalt is melted at 150-170°C, and antioxidants and UV stabilizers are added and mixed uniformly, and then extruded and cooled to form a modified asphalt roll.

[0122] The asphalt membranes prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance tests. The test data are shown in Table 1. The fire resistance was tested according to GB / T 8624-2012, the waterproof standard was tested according to GB / T 328.10-2007, and the self-healing performance was recorded by scratch test and microscopic observation.

[0123] Table 1 Test data table

[0124]

[0125] Detailed comparisons of the experimental and control groups clearly demonstrate that the flame-retardant waterproof asphalt membrane of the present invention significantly outperforms traditional single-material waterproof membranes and modified asphalt membranes in terms of fire resistance, waterproofing, and self-healing properties. Specifically, the example membrane exhibits excellent flame retardancy, preventing flames from penetrating and rapidly suppressing them, far surpassing the control membrane. The example membrane exhibited no water penetration during long-term immersion testing, while the control membrane exhibited leakage within 24-48 hours. The example membrane exhibited a self-healing function, effectively repairing minor scratches, while the control membrane lacked this ability.

[0126] In summary, the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt roll provided by the present invention has good flame retardant properties, can effectively reduce the flame spread speed when a fire occurs, and improve the safety of the building. Moreover, the roll has excellent waterproof performance, can effectively prevent moisture penetration, and ensure a dry environment for the building. The upper surface protective layer prepared by self-healing material can achieve self-healing when microcracks appear on the surface of the roll, thereby extending the service life of the roll. The addition of antioxidants and ultraviolet stabilizers improves the weather resistance of the roll, so that it can still maintain good performance in harsh environments. The provision of a fireproof and heat-insulating layer further improves the flame retardant properties of the roll and reduces the risk of fire. The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer of the lower surface protective layer have good chemical stability, can effectively prevent the roll from aging, and improve the service life. The preparation method is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is convenient for large-scale production.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant waterproof asphalt roll, characterized in that: The flame retardant waterproof asphalt membrane comprises the following layers from top to bottom: The upper surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of modified asphalt, 15-20 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-1.0 parts of ultraviolet stabilizer, 3-5 parts of nano-alumina, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 10-15 parts of magnesium hydroxide, and 1-1.5 parts of self-healing material; The waterproof reinforcement layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of modified asphalt, 25 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-15 parts of polyester fiber, 2-3 parts of low molecular weight polyethylene, 3-4 parts of toughening agent and 2-3 parts of plasticizer; The fireproof and heat-insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of foamed polyurethane, 20-25 parts of expanded perlite, 10-15 parts of glass fiber, 0.5-1 part of magnesium carbonate and 5-10 parts of hollow glass microspheres; The lower surface protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 20-25 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 8-12 parts of aramid fiber and 5-10 parts of plasticizer; The self-healing material is a microcapsule containing 4-6% by mass of dicyanoacrylate, 3-5% of trimellitic anhydride, and 1-2% of diisocyanate; the antioxidant includes 10-15% by volume of pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 20-25% of dioctyl thiodipropionate, 10-15% of tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite, and the remainder of toluene and impurities; The ultraviolet stabilizer is 0.3-0.7 parts by weight of UV-1164 and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of UV-360; The particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 1-2 μm; The compressive strength of the foamed polyurethane is 0.3-0.5 MPa; the particle size of the expanded perlite is 50-100 μm; the particle size of the hollow glass microspheres is 40-120 μm, and the aramid fiber is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber; The particle size of the microcapsules is in the range of 50-100 μm.

2. The flame retardant and waterproof asphalt membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the low molecular weight polyethylene is 1000-5000; the toughening agent is ethylene-propylene-diene monomer; and the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate.

3. A method for preparing a flame retardant and waterproof asphalt coil according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Separately preparing an upper surface protective layer, a waterproof reinforcement layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and a lower surface protective layer; The upper surface protection layer, waterproof reinforcement layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer and lower surface protection layer are compounded under controlled temperature, and cooled and solidified for 30 minutes after compounding.

4. The method for preparing the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt coiled material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the upper surface protective layer is: Mixing and stirring the modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride at 160-180°C to form a uniform molten mixture; Adding antioxidant, UV stabilizer, nano-alumina, nano-titanium dioxide and magnesium hydroxide to the molten mixture in sequence, and continuing to stir until completely homogeneous; The self-healing material is slowly added in the form of microcapsules and stirred until the molten mixture is evenly dispersed. The molten mixture is then coated on the surface of the waterproof reinforcement layer to form an upper surface protective layer.

5. The method for preparing the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt coiled material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is as follows: Premix the foamed polyurethane and expanded perlite at 60-80°C for 30-45 minutes to form a mixture; adding the surface-treated glass fibers and hollow glass microspheres into the mixture in sequence, and continuing to mix until uniform; The mixture is subjected to hot pressing at 100-120° C. to form a fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

6. The method for preparing the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt coiled material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the lower surface protective layer is: The polytetrafluoroethylene and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are melt-mixed at 200-220° C. and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring to obtain a homogenized mixture; adding aramid fibers in a certain proportion evenly into the homogenized mixture and continuing to stir; After the homogenized mixture is cooled to room temperature, a plasticizer is added, and degassing treatment is performed under vacuum conditions, and then the mixture is applied to the lower surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer to form a lower surface protective layer; The preparation method of the waterproof reinforcement layer is: The modified asphalt and polyvinyl chloride are melted and mixed at 150-180°C and homogenized by high-speed shear stirring; Gradually add low molecular weight polyethylene, toughening agent and plasticizer, and continue stirring until uniform; evenly disperse polyester fiber into the homogenized mixture according to proportion and continue stirring; The mixture is extruded into shape and cooled to form a waterproof reinforcement layer.

7. The method for preparing the flame retardant and waterproof asphalt coiled material according to claim 3, characterized in that: After coating, the upper surface protective layer is cured for 40 minutes at 70-90°C, the waterproof reinforcement layer is cured for 50 minutes at above 50°C, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is hot-pressed at 100°C and then cooled to 20°C, and cured for 90 minutes at 20°C, and the lower surface protective layer is cured for 50 minutes at 20°C after coating.

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