Preparation method of oat dietary fiber powder

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of oat dietary fiber powder, which comprises the steps of oat peeling, extraction, grinding, mixing, enzymolysis treatment, centrifugation and filtration, spray drying and the like to obtain the oat dietary fiber powder. The oat bran is prepared into the oat dietary fiber powder, and grease, starch and protein in the oat bran are removed, so that the oat dietary fiber powder is high in dietary fiber content, good in mouth feel and reconstituability, slightly sweet in taste, free of bitter taste and natural in fresh scent, liquid is clear and transparent after being dissolved, and the sensory acceptance degree is high; and stomach discomfort cannot be affected by direct eating. Therefore, remarkable economic and social benefits are generated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder. Background Art

[0002] Oats, Avena genus, Poaceae, are annual or perennial herbaceous plants. Oats are rich in nutritional value and have a higher content of protein, fat, vitamin E, dietary fiber, and mineral elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and phosphorus than other cereal crops. They have multiple effects such as lowering blood lipids, cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar, and anti-oxidation.

[0003] Dietary fiber is a kind of polysaccharide, which is a general term for macromolecular sugars that cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes, mainly including cellulose, pectin, xylan and mannose. It can neither be digested and absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract nor produce energy. In some cases, the ingredients in food that are not digested and absorbed and have a small content, such as glycoprotein, keratin, wax and polyphenol esters, are also included in the scope of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber has important physiological functions for the human body. Modern nutrition regards it as an indispensable nutrient and bioactive substance for the human body. It has the following effects:

[0004] (1) It has obvious effects on regulating blood lipids, lowering blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

[0005] (2) Regulate insulin levels and improve blood sugar production response function.

[0006] (3) Can improve large intestine function.

[0007] (4) Dietary fiber has the function of adsorbing heterocyclic amine compounds and reducing their biological activity.

[0008] (5) Enhance the body's immune function. It is generally believed that people with normal weight must ensure that they consume 8 to 25 grams of dietary fiber per day.

[0009] Oat dietary fiber is a high-quality dietary fiber, mainly derived from oat bran, which is the multi-layered epidermis of oat seeds, including the outer pericarp, seed coat, aleurone layer and subaleurone layer. Among them, the aleurone layer is the most important component of oat bran, containing protein, vitamins, minerals and high concentrations of phenolic compounds.

[0010] Grinding oat bran and eating it directly has the problem of low dietary fiber content and high starch and protein content. It is not suitable for direct consumption. It has a poor taste and may cause stomach discomfort. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder, wherein oat bran is prepared into oat dietary fiber powder, and oil, starch and protein in the oat bran are removed, so that the oat dietary fiber powder has a high dietary fiber content and a good taste, and direct consumption will not cause stomach discomfort, thereby generating significant economic and social benefits.

[0012] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder, comprising:

[0014] Step 1, peeling oats, using a peeling machine to peel off the aleurone layer between the cortex and the subaleurone layer of the oat seeds to obtain oat bran for standby use;

[0015] Step 2, extraction, performing carbon dioxide CO2 supercritical extraction on the oat bran, the extraction pressure is 15-25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-45°C, the extraction time is 1-2 hours, and the CO2 flow rate is 20-30 liters / hour; removing the grease in the oat bran, the grease content of the oat bran is reduced to below 2.2g / 100g, and the defatted oat bran is obtained for standby use;

[0016] Step 3, grinding, grinding the defatted oat bran and passing it through a 60-80 mesh sieve, so that the sieved material is the defatted oat bran powder for standby use;

[0017] Step 4, mixing: mixing the defatted oat bran powder with water, wherein the weight ratio of the defatted oat bran powder to water is 1:10 to 1:12, and after mixing, heating to 55° C. to 58° C. to obtain a pretreated liquid;

[0018] Step 5, enzymolysis treatment, adding an enzymolysis complex enzyme to the pre-treated liquid for enzymolysis, wherein the amount of the enzymolysis complex enzyme added is 3 to 5 / 1000 of the mass of the defatted oat bran powder, stirring continuously, controlling the temperature at 55 to 65° C., the enzymolysis time is 4 to 5 hours, then heating to 90 to 95° C., and keeping the temperature for 30 to 60 minutes, thereby obtaining an enzymolysis material;

[0019] Step 6: centrifugation and filtration, separating the enzymolyzed material from the liquid by a centrifuge to obtain oat dietary fiber powder dry matter from which starch and protein are removed;

[0020] Step 7, spray drying: add water to the oat dietary fiber dry matter obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis, the weight ratio of the oat dietary fiber dry matter to water is 1:3-1:5, homogenize at 20-40 MPa to obtain a homogenized mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution, the inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment is 170-180° C., and the outlet temperature is 60-70° C. to obtain oat dietary fiber powder.

[0021] Preferably, the components of the oat enzymatic complex enzyme include:

[0022] α-amylase, 25-35 parts by weight;

[0023] 25-35 parts by weight of saccharifying enzyme;

[0024] Neutral protease, 40-50 parts by weight.

[0025] Preferably, the components of the oat enzymatic complex enzyme include:

[0026] α-amylase, 25 parts by mass;

[0027] Glucoamylase, 25 parts by weight;

[0028] Neutral protease, 50 parts by mass.

[0029] Preferably, in step 1: oat peeling is performed by connecting 2 to 6 peeling devices in series, and the spindle speed of the peeling machine of each peeling device is set to 400 to 650 rpm; the power of each peeling device is controlled at 14.8 to 21 kW, and the surface roughness of the sand stick of the peeling device is 30 to 60 meshes, and the oat seeds are peeled.

[0030] Preferably, the water is purified water.

[0031] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that the method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder provided by the embodiment of the present invention prepares oat dietary fiber powder from oat bran, removes oil, starch and protein in the oat bran, so that the oat dietary fiber powder has a high dietary fiber content, good taste and dissolution properties, a slightly sweet taste, no bitterness, a natural fragrance, and a clear and transparent liquid after dissolution, with a high sensory acceptance, and direct consumption will not cause stomach discomfort, thereby generating significant economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] First, the terms that may be used in this article are explained as follows:

[0036] The term “and / or” means that either or both of them can be realized at the same time. For example, X and / or Y means both “X” or “Y” and “X and Y”.

[0037] The terms "include", "comprises", "contains", "has" or other descriptions with similar semantics should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including certain technical feature elements (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products or products, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only certain technical feature elements explicitly listed, but also other technical feature elements known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0038] The term "consisting of..." means excluding any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If this term is used in a claim, it will make the claim closed, so that it does not contain technical feature elements other than the technical feature elements explicitly listed, except for the conventional impurities related to them. If this term only appears in a clause of a claim, it only limits the elements explicitly listed in the clause, and the elements recorded in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0039] The term "parts by mass" refers to the mass ratio relationship between multiple components. For example, if it is described that component X is x parts by mass and component Y is y parts by mass, then the mass ratio of component X to component Y is x:y. 1 part by mass can represent any mass, for example, 1 part by mass can be represented as 1 kg or 3.1415926 kg. The sum of the parts by mass of all components is not necessarily 100 parts, but can be greater than 100 parts, less than 100 parts or equal to 100 parts. Unless otherwise specified, the parts, proportions and percentages described herein are all measured by mass.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this article can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] When concentration, temperature, pressure, size or other parameters are expressed in the form of a numerical range, the numerical range should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by the pairing of any upper limit, lower limit, and preferred value in the numerical range, regardless of whether the range is explicitly stated; for example, if a numerical range of "2 to 8" is stated, the numerical range should be interpreted as including ranges such as "2 to 7", "2 to 6", "5 to 7", "3 to 4 and 6 to 7", "3 to 5 and 7", "2 and 5 to 7", etc. Unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges stated herein include both their end values ​​and all integers and fractions within the numerical range.

[0042] The orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation of this document.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder solves the technical problem in the prior art that oat dietary fiber powder has low dietary fiber content and high starch and protein content. Specifically, it includes:

[0046] Step 1, oat peeling, using a peeling machine to peel off the aleurone layer between the cortex and the subaleurone layer of the oat seeds to obtain oat bran for standby use; here, the aleurone layer between the cortex and the subaleurone layer of the oat is peeled off, and the middle part is extracted, which accounts for about 3% of the total amount of the oat seeds, and this part is called oat bran.

[0047] Here, oat peeling is carried out by connecting 2 to 6 peeling devices in series; the peeling device can be the peeling device shown in Chinese patent CN101264459A, and the spindle speed of the peeling machine of each peeling device is set to 400 to 650 rpm (revolutions per minute); the power of each peeling device is controlled at 14.8 to 21 kW, and the surface roughness of the sand stick of the peeling device is 30 to 60 meshes, and the oat seeds are peeled.

[0048] Step 2, extraction, the oat bran is subjected to carbon dioxide CO2 supercritical extraction, the extraction pressure is 15-25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-45°C, the extraction time is 1-2h (hours), and the CO2 flow rate is 20-30L / h (liters / hour); the grease in the oat bran is removed, and the grease content of the oat bran is reduced to below 2.2g / 100g, and defatted oat bran is obtained for stand-by use;

[0049] Step 3, grinding, grinding the defatted oat bran and passing it through a 60-80 mesh sieve, so that the sieved material is the defatted oat bran powder for standby use;

[0050] Step 4, mixing: mixing the defatted oat bran powder with water, wherein the weight ratio of the defatted oat bran powder to water is between 1:10 and 1:12, and after mixing, heating to 55° C. to 58° C. to obtain a pretreated liquid; the water is purified water, which is conducive to enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0051] Purified water (deionized water or deep desalted water) refers to water with a resistivity greater than 0.1x10 6 Ω*cm water, the English name is Purity Water. Purified water is water for medicinal use made by distillation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis or other appropriate methods, without any additives. Properties: Colorless clear liquid; odorless and tasteless.

[0052] Step 5, enzymolysis treatment, adding an enzymolysis complex enzyme to the pre-treated liquid for enzymolysis, wherein the amount of the enzymolysis complex enzyme added is 3 to 5 / 1000 of the mass of the defatted oat bran powder, stirring continuously, controlling the temperature at 55 to 65° C., the enzymolysis time is 4 to 5 hours, then heating to 90 to 95° C., and keeping the temperature for 30 to 60 minutes, thereby obtaining an enzymolysis material;

[0053] The components of the oat enzymatic complex described herein include:

[0054] α-amylase, 25-35 parts by weight;

[0055] 25-35 parts by weight of saccharifying enzyme;

[0056] Neutral protease, 40-50 parts by weight.

[0057] The optimal components of the oat enzymatic complex include:

[0058] α-amylase, 25 parts by mass;

[0059] Glucoamylase, 25 parts by weight;

[0060] Neutral protease, 50 parts by mass.

[0061] Step 6: centrifugation and filtration, separating the enzymolyzed material from the liquid by a centrifuge to obtain oat dietary fiber powder dry matter from which starch and protein are removed;

[0062] Centrifugation can be performed on a centrifuge, which is a machine that uses centrifugal force to separate liquids from solid particles or components in a mixture of liquids and liquids. Centrifuges are mainly used to separate solid particles from liquids in suspensions, or to separate two immiscible liquids with different densities in emulsions. For example, if the centrifuge is LL350, the motor power is 18.5KW and the drum speed is 3000r / min, which can meet the requirements. This is a well-known and commonly used device in the field.

[0063] Step 7, spray drying: add water to the oat dietary fiber dry matter obtained after enzymolysis, the weight ratio of the oat dietary fiber dry matter to water is 1:3-1:5, homogenize at 20-40 MPa to obtain a homogenized mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution, the inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment is 170-180° C., and the outlet temperature is 60-70° C. to obtain oat dietary fiber powder. The water is purified water.

[0064] In summary, the advantages of this patent are as follows:

[0065] (1) The starch and protein are removed by enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby increasing the dietary fiber content of the oat fiber powder;

[0066] (2) Using CO2 supercritical extraction to reduce the oil content;

[0067] (3) The macromolecular proteins and starch in the oatmeal endosperm are enzymatically hydrolyzed, and the dietary fiber is easily utilized.

[0068] (4) Simple operation and stable quality.

[0069] It can be seen that the method described in the present invention removes oil, starch and protein in oat bran through processes such as deoiling and enzymolysis, thereby achieving oat dietary fiber powder with high dietary fiber content, good taste and solubility, slightly sweet taste, no bitterness, natural fragrance, clear and transparent liquid after dissolution, high sensory acceptance, and can produce significant economic benefits.

[0070] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder, characterized in that: include: Step 1, peeling oats, using a peeling machine to peel off the aleurone layer between the cortex and the subaleurone layer of the oat seeds to obtain oat bran for standby use; Step 2, extraction, performing carbon dioxide CO2 supercritical extraction on the oat bran, the extraction pressure is 15-25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-45°C, the extraction time is 1-2 hours, and the CO2 flow rate is 20-30 liters / hour; removing the grease in the oat bran, the grease content of the oat bran is reduced to below 2.2g / 100g, and the defatted oat bran is obtained for standby use; Step 3, grinding, grinding the defatted oat bran and passing it through a 60-80 mesh sieve, so that the sieved material is the defatted oat bran powder for standby use; Step 4, mixing: mixing the defatted oat bran powder with water, wherein the weight ratio of the defatted oat bran powder to water is 1:10 to 1:12, and after mixing, heating to 55° C. to 58° C. to obtain a pretreated liquid; Step 5, enzymolysis treatment, adding an enzymolysis complex enzyme to the pre-treated liquid for enzymolysis, wherein the amount of the enzymolysis complex enzyme added is 3 to 5 / 1000 of the mass of the defatted oat bran powder, stirring continuously, controlling the temperature at 55 to 65° C., the enzymolysis time is 4 to 5 hours, then heating to 90 to 95° C., and keeping the temperature for 30 to 60 minutes, thereby obtaining an enzymolysis material; Step 6: centrifugation and filtration, separating the enzymolyzed material from the liquid by a centrifuge to obtain oat dietary fiber powder dry matter from which starch and protein are removed; Step 7, spray drying: add water to the oat dietary fiber dry matter obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis, the weight ratio of the oat dietary fiber dry matter to water is 1:3-1:5, homogenize at 20-40 MPa to obtain a homogenized mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution, the inlet temperature of the spray drying equipment is 170-180° C., and the outlet temperature is 60-70° C. to obtain oat dietary fiber powder.

2. The method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the oat enzymatic complex enzyme include: α-amylase, 25-35 parts by weight; 25-35 parts by weight of saccharifying enzyme; Neutral protease, 40-50 parts by weight.

3. The method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The components of the oat enzymatic complex enzyme include: α-amylase, 25 parts by mass; Glucoamylase, 25 parts by weight; Neutral protease, 50 parts by mass.

4. The method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The step 1: oat peeling is carried out by connecting 2 to 6 peeling devices in series, the spindle speed of the peeling machine of each peeling device is set to 400 to 650 rpm; the power of each peeling device is controlled at 14.8 to 21 kW, the surface roughness of the sand stick of the peeling device is 30 to 60 meshes, and the oat seeds are peeled.

5. The method for preparing oat dietary fiber powder according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The water is purified water.

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