Stock right optimization method and device suitable for electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid all-system company and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an equity optimization method and device suitable for electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid ownership companies and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of investment planning. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an improved game payment model of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid all-system company; and solving the improved game payment model of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid system by taking the maximum social benefit of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid system as an optimization target according to the obtained related data of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network system and combining financial constraints and physical planning constraints, and calculating the game payment of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network hybrid system based on the obtained maximum alliance benefit. And according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, determining the equity distribution and benefit distribution proportion of the electricity-hydrogen micro energy network hybrid system company. According to the method, the individual investment mode of a traditional power enterprise is broken through, and the fairness benefit distribution of all investment subjects is effectively realized by fully exerting the advantages of absorption and wind / light electricity stabilization of electricity-hydrogen hybrid energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method, a device and a medium for optimizing equity interests in an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company, and belongs to the technical field of investment planning. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of renewable energy generation has inevitably led to consumption difficulties and instability in the power system. Hydrogen is an abundant, green, low-carbon and widely used secondary energy. Accordingly, the development of electric-hydrogen coupling can accelerate the low-carbon promotion of industries such as industry, construction and transportation. On the one hand, electric-hydrogen coupling equipment can effectively absorb distributed renewable energy; on the other hand, compared with traditional energy storage, hydrogen energy storage has obvious advantages in energy storage capacity and charging and discharging frequency, and has a good smoothing effect on the fluctuation of renewable energy power generation.

[0003] Generally speaking, the implementation of the electricity-hydrogen coupling industry needs to be carried out in the form of a company. However, the establishment of companies with electricity-hydrogen coupling-related businesses has the characteristics of high initial investment, unclear support policies, and high operating risks. After the establishment of the company, it often takes several years of operation to obtain reasonable economic returns. Therefore, if the company is established in the traditional single-entity investment model, it is easy to encounter difficulties such as insufficient investment motivation and incomplete professional technology.

[0004] In view of the existing drawbacks of the above-mentioned single-entity investment model, mixed-ownership electric-hydrogen coupling companies came into being. However, the core of establishing mixed-ownership electric-hydrogen coupling companies is equity distribution, that is, the distribution of shares of different natures within the company. Different equity structures will lead to different organizational structures of the company, which in turn affects the interests of stakeholders and corporate decisions, and ultimately determines the company's performance. At present, domestic and foreign research on equity allocation is mainly concentrated in industries such as finance and civil engineering, and the power industry is rarely involved. Based on existing literature, research on equity optimization mainly focuses on two aspects: one is from the perspective of social capital, with the goal of maximizing its financial net present value; the other is from multiple perspectives, with the goal of minimizing the social cost of the project or generating the greatest social benefits, to determine the optimal debt and equity structure. In China, although equity allocation in the field of incremental distribution has been studied to a certain extent, the discussion on the investment subject and equity distribution of incremental distribution has mostly remained in theoretical analysis, and practical application strategies with high feasibility and effectiveness are urgently needed to be optimized. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device and medium for equity optimization applicable to electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership companies, aiming to improve the operational economy of the electric-hydrogen coupling system by optimizing the equity allocation of each shareholder under the multi-subject investment model, thereby achieving fair benefit distribution among various investment entities.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing equity interests in an electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company, comprising the following steps: Obtain an improved game payment model for electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership companies; According to the relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid system obtained, taking the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is solved, and based on the maximum alliance benefit sought and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company are determined.

[0007] The present invention breaks through the traditional individual investment model of power companies, provides a risk constraint mechanism under the multi-subject investment model, and gives full play to the advantages of electricity-hydrogen hybrid energy storage in absorbing and suppressing wind / photovoltaic energy, so as to effectively realize the fair benefit distribution of various investment entities and provide a reference for social capital cooperative investment under incremental distribution.

[0008] Optionally, the construction process of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model includes: Establish the equity structure of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company and define the shareholding forms and benefits of creditors, technology companies and government agencies; According to the shareholding forms and income of the creditors, technology enterprises and government units, the debt repayment capacity model of the creditors, the income model of the technology enterprises and the income model of the government units are established respectively. The establishment of the above models represents the relationship between the equity ratio and investment share of each investment subject, which can be used as the basis for benefit distribution; Based on the creditors' solvency model, the technology enterprise's profit model and the government unit's profit model, with the goal of maximizing the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company, a game payment model for the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is established, and the corresponding equity target optimization function and constraint system are determined; According to the member roles of the grid companies, power generation companies and energy storage companies in the planning of the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid system, the cooperative alliance model is divided into individual investment model, insufficient cooperation model and sufficient cooperation model. Considering different forms of cooperative alliances and based on cooperative game theory, the equity target optimization function corresponding to the game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is rewritten, and then the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is constructed.

[0009] Optionally, in the creditor's solvency model, let the debt-to-capital share be , through loan interest Recovery costs, principal and interest payments Debt Service Coverage Ratio Respectively expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates the concession period of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid project, Indicates Annual revenue from the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates The cost of the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project is Indicates Annual tax costs.

[0010] Alternatively, in the technology enterprise's profit model, let the total share of technology enterprise equity capital be , the total share of government unit equity capital is , the total equity capital of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company and total assets Respectively expressed as: ; ; The equity ratio of each technology enterprise and the total distributed income of the technology enterprise in the year are expressed as follows: ; ; In the formula, Indicates The equity ratio of technology companies Indicates Specifically, taking three typical technology enterprises, namely distributed power generation enterprises, power grid companies and electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, as examples, we analyze their roles in the investment planning of the electric-hydrogen coupling system. Indicates the type of technology enterprise, existence ,in, , as well as They represent distributed power generation companies, power grid companies, and electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies, respectively. Represents technology enterprise Total annual distribution income, Indicates Technology Enterprise No. Annual total distribution income, It indicates the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprise collective.

[0011] Optionally, in the government unit's profit model, the government unit's equity ratio and the government unit's The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ; ; In the formula, represents the equity ratio of the government unit, Indicates that the government unit Total annual distribution income, and existence .

[0012] Optionally, the equity target optimization function corresponding to the game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company is a game payment function, which is expressed as: ; In the formula, represents the game payoff function, represents the discount rate of public institutions. The equity allocation of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company needs to consider the interests of various investors in the implementation of the project and balance the goals of various investors. Therefore, the game payment function needs to maximize the social benefits of the mixed-ownership company under the constraints of satisfying the investment participation of creditors, technology companies and government units.

[0013] Optionally, the game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed ownership company includes: an investment cost model and an investment benefit model; Among them, the investment cost model corresponds to the cost function in the game payment function, including: distributed power source investment cost, electric energy storage investment cost and hydrogen energy storage system investment cost.

[0014] Optionally, the distributed power generation investment cost is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost of distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, represents the annualization coefficient, represents the unit investment cost of distributed photovoltaics, represents the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation, represents the unit investment cost of distributed wind power, represents the installed capacity of wind power, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of photovoltaic power generation, Indicates the annual effective utilization hours of photovoltaic power. express The photovoltaic output at all times, Represents the unit time period within the operating cycle, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of wind power, represents the annual effective utilization hours of wind power, express Wind power output at all times.

[0015] Optionally, the annualization coefficient is expressed as: .

[0016] Optionally, the electric energy storage investment cost is expressed as: ; ; ; ; In the formula, represents the construction and operation costs of the electricity-hydrogen coupled microgrid, represents the equipment maintenance cost, represents the microgrid maintenance cost, represents the electricity purchase cost of the microgrid, Indicates the investment in new substations. represents line investment, represents the equipment maintenance cost coefficient, Indicates the electricity purchase price, express The microgrid load power at the moment.

[0017] Optionally, the investment cost of the hydrogen energy storage system is expressed as: ; In the formula, It represents the construction cost of the electrochemical energy storage system, the electrolysis hydrogen production-storage system, and the cost of purchasing electricity from the upper-level transmission and distribution network. represents the unit capacity cost of the electric energy storage system, represents the equipment capacity of the electric energy storage system, represents the unit capacity cost of the hydrogen energy storage system, Indicates the equipment capacity of the hydrogen energy storage system, express Always purchase electricity from the superior power grid.

[0018] Optionally, the investment benefit model corresponds to the benefit function in the game payment function, including: power supply income, hydrogen supply income and benefits obtained from reducing wind / solar power abandonment losses.

[0019] Optionally, the power supply benefit is expressed as: ; ; ; ; In the formula, It represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, the sales revenue of distributed power generation, and the revenue of the sales of electric energy storage discharge to the grid. represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, represents the revenue from electricity sales of distributed generation, Represents the revenue from the sale of stored energy discharge to the grid, Indicates the electricity price for distribution and sale of electricity. Indicates the electricity sales cycle, express The microgrid load power at the moment, Indicates years Time period, represents the photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price, Represents the photovoltaic operation cycle, express The photovoltaic output at all times, represents the on-grid electricity price of wind power, Indicates the fan operation cycle, express The fan output at each moment, represents the on-grid electricity price, express The grid-connected power of energy storage at all times.

[0020] Optionally, the hydrogen supply benefit is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the hydrogen supply income, represents the price of hydrogen, Indicates the hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage tank, is the density of hydrogen, is the hydrogen release efficiency, Indicates the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, A 0-1 variable indicating the storage / discharge status of the hydrogen storage tank. Indicates the sales ratio.

[0021] Optionally, the benefits from reducing wind and solar power curtailment can be divided into two aspects: on the one hand, the reduced investment losses caused by reducing wind and solar power curtailment through the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system; on the other hand, after the introduction of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage, since it has a stabilizing effect on renewable energy power generation, this can be reflected in the investment benefits through economic conversion, that is, using the opportunity compensation cost to measure the additional system operating costs caused by insufficient electricity compensation.

[0022] Optionally, the investment loss caused by wind and solar power abandonment can be reduced by using an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system, which is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the investment losses caused by wind and solar abandonment. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of wind power units. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of electricity by photovoltaic units. Distributed wind power The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed wind power The predicted amount of power wasted at the time, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment.

[0023] Optionally, due to the limitations of energy storage power and capacity, when renewable energy fluctuates greatly, hybrid energy storage may not be able to fully meet the energy storage power task. Once this part of uncompensated electricity is connected to the grid, it may pose a risk to the stable operation of the system. At this time, it is necessary to adjust other flexible resources in the dispatch system, resulting in increased operating costs. Correspondingly, the opportunity compensation cost is used to measure the additional system operating cost caused by insufficient electricity compensation, which is expressed as: ; In the formula, represents the additional system operating cost caused by insufficient electricity compensation, represents the simulation period of the electric-hydrogen coupling system, represents the compensation cost coefficient, represents the forward undercompensation power, Indicates negative undercompensated power.

[0024] According to the equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed ownership company of claim 5, it is characterized in that the equity target optimization function corresponding to the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed ownership company is an improved game payment function, which is expressed as: ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Represents a variable between 0 and 1, where Indicate participation, Indicates not to participate, Represents distributed generation enterprises, Represents the power grid company, Represents electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies, Technology companies Equity and benefit distribution coefficient, Indicates that distributed generation companies participate in the cooperative alliance, Indicates that electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies will join the cooperation alliance, It means that the power grid company participates in the cooperative alliance.

[0025] Optionally, under the individual investment model, if a distributed power generation enterprise invests as an individual, its investment income includes: the electricity bill saved by the enterprise through independent power supply, and the income from the surplus power connected to the grid; if a power grid company invests as an individual, its investment income includes: the incremental electricity sales income obtained after the planning and construction of a microgrid; if an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise invests as an individual, its investment income includes: the income from power supply, hydrogen supply, reduced wind / photovoltaic power abandonment, and reduced opportunity compensation costs.

[0026] Optional, under the insufficient cooperation model, if distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with power grid companies, the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises make individual investments, and the corresponding distributed power sources are connected to the power grid to supply electricity users in the microgrid, and the corresponding hybrid energy storage equipment is independently invested and operated; if distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, the power grid companies make individual investments, hybrid energy storage equipment is configured in the new energy power generation system, and the microgrid is independently invested and operated; if the power grid companies cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, distributed power generation enterprises make individual investments, hybrid energy storage equipment is configured in the microgrid, and power generation enterprises invest independently.

[0027] Optionally, in a fully cooperative mode, distributed power sources are connected to the microgrid and hybrid energy storage devices are connected to the grid for operation.

[0028] Optionally, based on the investment models under different alliance forms, government agencies are also involved in all cooperative alliances to enhance the attractiveness of the electricity-hydrogen coupled micro-energy grid project to social capital.

[0029] Optionally, the financial constraints of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model are expressed as: ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, represents the average debt service coverage ratio, Indicates Annual debt repayment reserve funds, Indicates Annual cost of the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project; The physical planning constraints of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model include at least: distribution network constraints, energy balance constraints, hydrogen production and storage constraints, and unit output constraints.

[0030] Optionally, based on the desired maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company are determined, including: Determine the decision variables of the improved game payment model, expressed as: ; In the formula, represents the set of decision variables, represents the equity capital share of distributed generation enterprises, represents the total distribution income of distributed generation enterprises, Indicates the equity capital share of the power grid company. represents the total distribution income of the power grid company, represents the equity capital share of the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise, Represents the total distributed income of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises.

[0031] Optionally, based on the desired maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company are determined, which also includes: Build on The investment equity allocation model of value theory is used to allocate according to the marginal contribution of participants to the alliance, where when the characteristic function is When Representation Game Participants in of value, let the alliance be , The value is calculated as follows: ; ; In the formula, Representation Game Participants in of value, represents the weighting factor, Represents Alliance The benefits, Indicates no participants Alliance The benefits, Represents Alliance The number of participants in the.

[0032] Optionally, based on the desired maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company are determined, which also includes: according to Allocation strategy, get the allocation vector , and based on the allocation vector, the equity and benefit allocation coefficients of each technology enterprise are obtained, expressed as: .

[0033] Optionally, based on the desired maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company are determined, which also includes: According to the equity and benefit distribution coefficients, the equity ratio and benefit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise are obtained, which are expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates The profit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise.

[0034] Optionally, according to the The equity ratio of the technology enterprises and the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprises are determined The share of equity capital of technology enterprises and Technology Enterprise No. The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ; .

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an equity optimization device applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company, comprising: A target model acquisition module is configured to acquire an improved game payment model for a mixed-ownership company of electricity and hydrogen micro-energy grid; And, the optimization strategy determination module is configured to solve the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the acquired relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network system, with the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, and determine the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the equity optimization method applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as described in the first aspect.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention breaks the limitations of individual investment of traditional power companies and realizes an investment model of joint participation, shared risks and shared benefits among multiple entities. This model enhances the investment attractiveness of the electric-hydrogen coupled micro-energy grid project, attracts more social capital participation, and provides strong support for the smooth implementation of the project. Secondly, the present invention also fully utilizes the advantages of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage, which not only improves the absorption capacity of new energy, but also alleviates the intermittent and instability problems of renewable energy such as wind / photovoltaic energy. In addition, the present invention ensures that all investment entities can share the project benefits fairly through reasonable equity allocation and benefit distribution mechanism, promotes win-win cooperation among all parties, ensures the effective distribution of fair benefits, and provides a reasonable basis for social capital cooperative investment in the context of incremental distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an embodiment of the equity optimization method applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the framework of company formation and equity distribution in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the grid structure of the distribution network in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a typical industrial daily load and photovoltaic output fluctuation curve in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the equity and income distribution ratio of alliance members and the project rate of return in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram showing the effect of investment uncertainty on the equity and profit distribution ratio of alliance members in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Figure 7 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the output of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage and distributed power supply in the fully cooperative investment mode in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the analysis of the equity distribution ratio of each investment subject based on Shapley value in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company; Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the analysis of the profit distribution ratio of each investment subject based on Shapley value in the equity optimization method of the present invention applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1 This embodiment introduces a method for optimizing equity interests in a mixed-ownership electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid company, which includes: Obtain an improved game payment model for electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership companies; According to the relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid system obtained, taking the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is solved, and based on the maximum alliance benefit sought and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company are determined.

[0041] In specific applications, this embodiment first combines investment entities with different backgrounds, such as power companies, hydrogen energy companies, technology providers, and financial institutions, to form a mixed-ownership company with complementary advantages, so as to ensure that the advantages of all parties in industry knowledge, technical resources, and financial strength can be fully utilized; further, based on the constructed mixed-ownership company, a reasonable equity distribution plan is designed in a targeted manner according to the contribution and risk-bearing capacity of each investment entity, so as to ensure that it can not only motivate all parties to actively participate, but also guarantee the long-term stable development of the company, and it is highly practical.

[0042] Example 2 Based on Example 1, Figures 1 to 9This embodiment introduces in detail the implementation process of equity optimization of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company, which is described as follows.

[0043] Before equity optimization, the establishment process of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company must be carried out, including: Build the equity structure of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company and define the shareholding form and benefits of each investment entity.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company structure, the debt repayment capacity model of creditors, the profit model of technology enterprises, and the profit model of government units are further clarified. The above model represents the relationship between the equity ratio and investment share of each investment entity, which can be used as the basis for benefit distribution.

[0045] Among them, the creditor is generally a bank, which plays the role of initial financing and lending; secondly, the government unit, as one of the investors, can effectively guarantee the rate of return of the technology company by giving up part of the income when the project rate of return is low; in addition, the technology company provides electricity-hydrogen coupled microgrid networking equipment and operation technology, and is responsible for part of the equipment investment to ensure the implementation of the project and make a profit.

[0046] Specifically, for creditors, let the debt capital share be , through loan interest Recovery costs, principal and interest payments and debt service coverage ratio They can be calculated as follows: ; ; In the formula, Indicates the concession period of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid project, Indicates Annual revenue from the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates The cost of the annual electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates Annual tax costs.

[0047] For technology enterprises, let the total share of equity capital of technology enterprises be , the total share of government unit equity capital is The total equity capital and total assets of the Electric-Hydrogen Micro-Energy Network Mixed Ownership Company are: ; ; In the formula, Represents the total equity capital of the Electric-Hydrogen Micro Energy Network mixed-ownership company, Represents total assets.

[0048] Among them, three typical technology companies, namely distributed power generation companies, power grid companies and hybrid energy storage companies, are taken as examples to analyze their roles in the investment planning of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system. For the type of technology enterprise, there is ,in, , as well as They respectively represent distributed power generation companies, power grid companies and electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies.

[0049] The equity ratio of each technology enterprise and the The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates The equity ratio of technology companies Indicates The share of equity capital of technology enterprises Represents technology enterprise Annual total distribution income, Indicates Technology Enterprise No. Annual total distribution income, It indicates the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprise collective.

[0050] For government units, let their equity ratio be The profit distribution ratio is , and there is . Accordingly, the government unit equity ratio and the government unit The total distribution income for the year is expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates that the government unit Total distribution income for the year.

[0051] Furthermore, based on the constructed electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company, with the goal of maximizing the social benefits of the mixed-ownership company, a game payment model for the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is established, including the following processes: Establishing the Game Payoff Function of Mixed Ownership Companies The equity allocation of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company needs to consider the interests of each investor in the project implementation and balance the goals of each investor. Therefore, the game payment function needs to maximize the social benefits of the mixed-ownership company under the constraints of the three parties participating in the investment, namely, creditors, technology companies and government units. The game payment function is expressed as: ; In the formula, represents the discount rate for public institutions.

[0052] In order to ensure the operation of the project and the participation of creditors and technology companies, it is also necessary to establish the feasibility constraint space of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network project at the financial level, including the debt capacity, principal and interest repayment, minimum financing constraints of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy network project, as well as the participation of technology companies and income guarantee constraints, which can be expressed as: ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, It represents the average debt service reserve ratio, which reflects the average debt service capacity of the project during the debt repayment period. Indicates Annual debt repayment reserve funds, Indicates The cost of the annual electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates the minimum rate of return for technology companies. Indicates the highest rate of return for technology companies.

[0053] Establish an investment cost model for the electric-hydrogen coupling system. This model is the cost function in the game payment function of mixed-ownership companies, specifically including: distributed power generation investment cost, electric energy storage investment cost, and hydrogen energy storage system investment cost.

[0054] For distributed power sources, the investment cost mainly includes the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost of distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, which can be expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost of distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, represents the annualization coefficient, and They represent the unit investment cost of distributed photovoltaic power and the unit investment cost of distributed wind power, including installation and construction costs and operation and maintenance costs. Generally, the former is positively correlated with the installation capacity, while the latter is related to the operation and maintenance rate and power generation. represents the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation, represents the installed capacity of wind power, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of photovoltaic power generation, Indicates the annual effective utilization hours of photovoltaic power. express The photovoltaic output at all times, Represents the unit time period within the operating cycle, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of wind power, represents the annual effective utilization hours of wind power, express Wind power output at all times.

[0055] Wherein, the annualized coefficient is expressed as: ; For the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid, the corresponding electric energy storage investment cost mainly includes construction and operation costs, which can be expressed as: ; ; ; ; In the formula, represents the construction and operation costs of the electricity-hydrogen coupled microgrid, represents the equipment maintenance cost, represents the microgrid maintenance cost, represents the electricity purchase cost of the microgrid, Indicates the investment in new substations. represents line investment, represents the equipment maintenance cost coefficient, Indicates the electricity purchase price, express The microgrid load power at the moment.

[0056] For the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system, the corresponding hydrogen energy storage system investment cost includes: the construction cost of electrochemical energy storage, electrolysis hydrogen production-hydrogen storage system, and the cost of purchasing electricity from the upper-level transmission and distribution network, expressed as: ; In the formula, It represents the construction cost of the electrochemical energy storage system, the electrolysis hydrogen production-storage system, and the cost of purchasing electricity from the upper-level transmission and distribution network. represents the unit capacity cost of the electric energy storage system, represents the equipment capacity of the electric energy storage system, represents the unit capacity cost of the hydrogen energy storage system, Indicates the equipment capacity of the hydrogen energy storage system, express Always purchase electricity from the superior power grid.

[0057] Furthermore, an investment benefit model of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system is established. This model is the benefit function in the game payment function of the mixed-ownership company, which specifically includes: power supply income, hydrogen supply income, and the benefits of reducing wind / solar power losses.

[0058] The power supply revenue mainly includes the distribution revenue of the distribution network, the sales revenue of distributed power sources, and the revenue of the sales of electric energy storage discharge to the grid, which can be expressed as: ; ; ; ; In the formula, It represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, the sales revenue of distributed power generation, and the revenue of the sales of electric energy storage discharge to the grid. represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, represents the revenue from electricity sales of distributed generation, Represents the revenue from the sale of stored energy discharge to the grid, Indicates the electricity price for distribution and sale of electricity. Indicates the electricity sales cycle, express, Indicates years Time period, represents the photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price, Represents the photovoltaic operation cycle, express The photovoltaic output at all times, represents the on-grid electricity price of wind power, Indicates the fan operation cycle, express The fan output at each moment, represents the on-grid electricity price, express The grid-connected power of energy storage at all times.

[0059] The revenue from hydrogen supply is mainly the revenue from hydrogen storage equipment selling hydrogen to users, which can be expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the hydrogen supply income, represents the price of hydrogen, Indicates the hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage tank, is the density of hydrogen, represents the hydrogen release efficiency, Indicates the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, A 0-1 variable indicating the storage / discharge status of the hydrogen storage tank, 0 for discharge and 1 for storage. Indicates the sales ratio.

[0060] The benefits from reducing wind and solar power curtailment include two parts: on the one hand, the reduction in investment losses due to the reduction in wind and solar power curtailment through the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system; on the other hand, after the introduction of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage, since it plays a stabilizing role in renewable energy power generation, this can be reflected in the investment benefits through economic conversion, that is, using opportunity compensation costs to measure the additional system operating costs caused by insufficient electricity compensation.

[0061] Among them, the investment loss caused by reducing wind and solar power abandonment through the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the investment losses caused by wind and solar abandonment. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of wind power units. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of electricity by photovoltaic units. Distributed wind power The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed wind power The predicted amount of power wasted at the time, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment.

[0062] On the other hand, due to the limitations of energy storage power and capacity, when renewable energy fluctuates greatly, hybrid energy storage may not be able to fully meet the energy storage power task. Once this part of uncompensated electricity is connected to the grid, it may pose a risk to the stable operation of the system. At this time, it is necessary to adjust other flexible resources in the dispatching system, resulting in increased operating costs. This embodiment uses the opportunity compensation cost to measure the additional system operating cost caused by insufficient electricity compensation, expressed as: ; In the formula, represents the additional system operating cost caused by insufficient electricity compensation, represents the simulation period of the electric-hydrogen coupling system, represents the compensation cost coefficient, represents the forward undercompensation power, Indicates negative undercompensated power.

[0063] Furthermore, an improved equity optimization function is established based on cooperative game, including the following steps: According to the member roles of various technology companies in the planning of the electric-hydrogen coupling system, the investment models are divided into three investment portfolio models: individual investment model, insufficient cooperation model and full cooperation model.

[0064] Under the individual investment model: a) For distributed power generation enterprises, investment is implemented according to the enterprise's electricity demand, and the investment income includes the electricity bills saved by the enterprise through independent power supply, and the income from the surplus power connected to the grid; b) For power grid companies, the construction of power transformation and distribution equipment, lines and other equipment is the responsibility of the individual, and the investment income mainly comes from the incremental electricity sales income obtained after the planning and construction of microgrids; c) For electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, investment in hybrid energy storage equipment is based on the enterprise's plan, and the income includes the income from power supply, hydrogen supply, reduced wind / photovoltaic power abandonment, and reduced opportunity compensation costs.

[0065] In the insufficient cooperation model: a) Distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with power grid companies, and electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises invest individually. Distributed power sources are connected to the power grid to supply power users in the microgrid, and energy storage is independently invested and operated; b) Distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, and power grid companies invest individually. Hybrid energy storage is configured in the new energy power generation system, and the microgrid is independently planned and operated; c) Power grid companies cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, and distributed power generation enterprises invest individually. Hybrid energy storage is configured in the microgrid, and distributed power generation enterprises operate independently.

[0066] Under the full cooperation mode: distributed power sources are connected to the microgrid, energy storage is connected to the grid for operation, and electricity-hydrogen joint operation is achieved by configuring hydrogen production equipment. Coordinated scheduling between equipment can improve operating efficiency and benefits.

[0067] Let g represent government units, D represent distributed power generation enterprises, G represent power grid companies, and H represent electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises. In addition, considering that the electric-hydrogen coupling technology is in its emerging stage, government units provide income guarantees for social capital to enhance the attractiveness of the electric-hydrogen coupling micro-energy grid project to social capital, and let government units participate in all cooperative alliances.

[0068] In summary, The alliance forms between the two are summarized in the following table:

[0069] Considering the different forms of cooperative alliances mentioned above, and based on cooperative game theory, the game payoff function of mixed-ownership companies can be rewritten as: ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Represents a variable between 0 and 1, where Indicate participation, Indicates not to participate, Represents distributed generation enterprises, Represents the power grid company, Represents electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies, Technology companies Equity and benefit distribution coefficient, Indicates that distributed generation companies participate in the cooperative alliance, Indicates that electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies will join the cooperation alliance, It means that the power grid company participates in the cooperative alliance.

[0070] Furthermore, a fair distribution mechanism for alliance benefits under different cooperation models is established, including the following processes: First make it clear The decision variables in the cooperative game model are shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, represents the set of decision variables, represents the equity capital share of distributed generation enterprises, represents the total distribution income of distributed generation enterprises, Indicates the equity capital share of the power grid company. represents the total distribution income of the power grid company, represents the equity capital share of the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise, Represents the total distributed income of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises.

[0071] In the process of equity optimization, in addition to meeting financial constraints, the physical planning constraints of the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid should also be met, namely, distribution network constraints, energy balance constraints, hydrogen production and storage constraints, unit output constraints, etc.

[0072] Build on The investment equity distribution model of value theory. The fair distribution of benefits is the premise for the sustainability of the alliance. The allocation principle of the value method is to allocate according to the marginal contribution of participants to the alliance, and its principle is described as follows.

[0073] When the characteristic function is When Representation Game Participants in of value, let the alliance be ,but The value can be calculated as follows: ; ; In the formula, Representation Game Participants in of value, represents the weighting factor, Represents Alliance The benefits, Indicates not containing The benefits of the alliance, express The number of participants in Indicates not containing alliance.

[0074] It is worth mentioning that The total benefits under different cooperation modes are different. Although the cooperation benefits of the three parties are the best in the end, the contribution still needs to take into account the partial cooperation and non-cooperation. The improved game payment model is to maximize social welfare, that is, the overall benefit, which can be regarded as the complete cooperation mode. .

[0075] according to Allocation strategy, the allocation vector , we can further obtain the equity and benefit distribution coefficients of the three types of technology enterprises, as shown in the following formula: ; According to the equity and benefit distribution coefficients, the equity ratio and benefit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise are obtained, which are expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates The equity ratio of technology companies Indicates The profit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise.

[0076] Further, according to the The equity ratio of the technology enterprises and the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprises are determined The share of equity capital of technology enterprises and Technology Enterprise No. The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ; .

[0077] In addition, this embodiment modifies the distribution network based on the IEEE14-node standard test system to further verify the rationality of the equity optimization method of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company. The specific analysis is as follows: Considering that the distribution network is generally open-loop operation, the three branches of the system are removed. Load nodes 9, 11, and 14 are planned to build distributed power sources, among which node 14 is a node with comprehensive electricity and hydrogen demand. The distribution network grid structure is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0078] The investment concession period of the electric-hydrogen coupling system is 20 years, the discount rate is 7.5%, the debt interest is 4.9%, the minimum rate of return of the technology enterprise is 6%, the maximum rate of return is 30%, and the tax rate is 17%. The on-grid electricity price of distributed power generation is 0.4 yuan / kWh, and the power source investment cost is 4,000 yuan / kW. The operation and maintenance rate of the microgrid is 2.5%, and the new construction cost of the substation is 500 yuan / kVA. The electricity price purchased by the microgrid from the upper-level power grid adopts the peak-valley electricity price, and the peak, flat and valley electricity prices are 1.02 yuan / kWh, 0.62 yuan / kWh, and 0.30 yuan / kWh respectively. Among them, the peak period: 8:00-12:00, 17:00-21:00; the flat period: 12:00-17:00; 21:00-24:00; the valley period: 0:00-8:00.

[0079] The typical industrial daily load and photovoltaic output fluctuation curves in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0080] Considering that the optimal equity capital structure is affected by project uncertainties, such as investment amount / cycle, policy changes, operational risks, etc. Based on this consideration, the mid-term investment cost in this example is and annual income It is given in the form of a probability distribution.

[0081] This embodiment optimizes system operation through time series simulation and uses MATLAB software Yalmip+CPLEX environment for programming and solving.

[0082] Utilizing the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid operation strategy under the fully cooperative investment model, and coordinating planning and operation among three types of technology companies, the annual investment cost and benefits of the electric-hydrogen coupled system are shown in the following table.

[0083]

[0084] Analyze the relationship between the rate of return of the electricity-hydrogen coupled micro-energy grid project and the equity and profit distribution ratio. Specifically, let the average annual investment income of the electricity-hydrogen coupled micro-grid increase in the range of 0-30%. Analyze the relationship between the enterprise equity ratio, profit distribution ratio and project rate of return, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, as the rate of return increases, the electricity-hydrogen coupled micro-energy grid project becomes more attractive to technology companies, so the investment proportion of technology companies increases and the rate of return rises. Before the project rate of return reaches 18%, the government transfers part of the income to the technology companies (the transfer ratio in this project is up to 44%) to ensure their minimum rate of return and make the alliance sustainable. When the project income reaches 18%, the equity ratio of the technology company can reach the income distribution ratio. At this time, the income can be distributed according to the equity ratio, and the government will no longer transfer the income.

[0085] Considering that in the early stage of the construction of the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid, price fluctuations and policy changes of hydrogen, hydrogen production, distributed power supply and other equipment will affect the return on investment. The uncertainty of the project investment principal and income is represented by a normal distribution, and the income variance is (4, 36) million yuan. 2 The relationship between alliance member equity and profit distribution ratio and profit uncertainty is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. The return variance is less than 10 million yuan 2 When the return fluctuation is less than ±1.34% ( ), the government can distribute the profits through the equity distribution plan, and it is not necessary for the government to transfer the profits. When the uncertainty of profits increases, the government needs to transfer higher profits to ensure the minimum rate of return of technology enterprises.

[0086] Considering a certain investment uncertainty, assuming that the project cost and revenue follow the normal distribution (180.96, 5) and (235.26, 16) respectively, the revenue variance is 16 million yuan 2 The equity ratios and profit distribution of creditors, government agencies and technology companies are shown in the following table:

[0087] In Table 4, the investment benefits of the full cooperation model are higher than those of other alliance models. In this model, the output of electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage and distributed power generation is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0088] Based on the scenario of return fluctuation of ±1.34%, application Theoretically, it can be calculated that the equity and profit distribution coefficients of power grid, hybrid energy storage and distributed power generation enterprises are 0.05, 0.8 and 0.15 respectively, and the equity ratio and profit distribution ratio are 0.038, 0.608, 0.114 and 0.04, 0.648 and 0.122 respectively. For details, please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9.

[0089] Example 3 This embodiment provides a stock equity optimization device applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company, which includes: A target model acquisition module is configured to acquire an improved game payment model for a mixed-ownership company of electricity and hydrogen micro-energy grid; And, the optimization strategy determination module is configured to solve the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the acquired relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network system, with the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, and determine the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members.

[0090] Combination Figures 1 to 9 The equity optimization device applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company can execute the equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company introduced in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or 2, and the specific functional implementation of each functional module will not be repeated.

[0091] Example 4 This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the equity optimization method applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as described in Embodiment 1 or 2 are implemented.

[0092] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0093] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the process in the flowchart. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0094] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0095] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0096] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the equity of a mixed-ownership company of electricity and hydrogen micro-energy network, characterized in that: include: Obtain an improved game payment model for electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership companies; According to the relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid system obtained, taking the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is solved, and based on the maximum alliance benefit sought and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company are determined.

2. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction process of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model includes: Establish the equity structure of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company and define the shareholding forms and benefits of creditors, technology companies and government agencies; According to the shareholding forms and income of the creditors, technology enterprises and government units, establish the debt repayment capacity model of the creditors, the income model of the technology enterprises and the income model of the government units respectively; Based on the creditors' solvency model, the technology enterprise's profit model and the government unit's profit model, with the goal of maximizing the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company, a game payment model for the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is established, and the corresponding equity target optimization function and constraint system are determined; According to the member roles of the grid companies, power generation companies and energy storage companies in the planning of the electric-hydrogen coupled microgrid system, the cooperative alliance model is divided into individual investment model, insufficient cooperation model and sufficient cooperation model. Considering different forms of cooperative alliances and based on cooperative game theory, the equity target optimization function corresponding to the game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is rewritten, and then the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company is constructed.

3. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the creditor's solvency model, let the debt-to-capital share be , through loan interest Recovery costs, principal and interest payments Debt Service Coverage Ratio Respectively expressed as: ； In the formula, Indicates the concession period of the electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid project, Indicates Annual revenue from the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates The cost of the annual electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project, Indicates Annual tax costs; In the technology enterprise's profit model, let the total share of technology enterprise's equity capital be , the total share of government unit equity capital is , the total equity capital of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company and total assets Respectively expressed as: ； ； The equity ratio of each technology enterprise and the total distributed income of the technology enterprise in the year are expressed as follows: ； ； In the formula, Indicates The equity ratio of technology companies Indicates The share of equity capital of technology enterprises Indicates the type of technology enterprise and exists ,in, , as well as They represent distributed power generation companies, power grid companies, and electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies, respectively. Represents technology enterprise Annual total distribution income, Indicates Technology Enterprise No. Annual total distribution income, It indicates the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprise collective; In the government unit's profit model, the government unit's equity ratio and the government unit's The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ； ； In the formula, represents the equity ratio of the government unit, Indicates that the government unit Total annual distribution income, and existence ; The equity target optimization function corresponding to the game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company is the game payment function, which is expressed as: ； In the formula, represents the game payoff function, represents the discount rate for public institutions.

4. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company includes: an investment cost model and an investment benefit model; The investment cost model corresponds to the cost function in the game payment function, including: distributed power generation investment cost, electric energy storage investment cost and hydrogen energy storage system investment cost; The distributed power generation investment cost is expressed as: ； In the formula, Represents the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost of distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power. represents the annualization coefficient, represents the unit investment cost of distributed photovoltaics, represents the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation, represents the unit investment cost of distributed wind power, represents the installed capacity of wind power, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of photovoltaic power generation, Indicates the annual effective utilization hours of photovoltaic power. express Photovoltaic output at all times, Represents the unit time period within the operating cycle, represents the unit operation and maintenance cost of wind power, represents the annual effective utilization hours of wind power, express Wind power output at each moment; The annualized coefficient is expressed as: ； The electric energy storage investment cost is expressed as: ； ； ； ； In the formula, represents the construction and operation costs of the electricity-hydrogen coupled microgrid, represents the equipment maintenance cost, represents the microgrid maintenance cost, represents the electricity purchase cost of the microgrid, Indicates the investment in new substations. represents line investment, represents the equipment maintenance cost coefficient, Indicates the electricity purchase price, express Microgrid load power at the moment; The investment cost of the hydrogen energy storage system is expressed as: ； In the formula, It represents the construction cost of the electrochemical energy storage system, the electrolysis hydrogen production-storage system, and the cost of purchasing electricity from the upper-level transmission and distribution network. represents the unit capacity cost of the electric energy storage system, represents the equipment capacity of the electric energy storage system, represents the unit capacity cost of the hydrogen energy storage system, Indicates the equipment capacity of the hydrogen energy storage system, express Always purchase electricity from the superior power grid.

5. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The investment benefit model corresponds to the benefit function in the game payment function, including: power supply income, hydrogen supply income and benefits obtained by reducing wind / solar power abandonment losses; The power supply benefit is expressed as: ； ； ； ； In the formula, It represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, the sales revenue of distributed power generation, and the revenue of the sales of electric energy storage discharge to the grid. represents the distribution revenue of the distribution network, represents the revenue from electricity sales of distributed generation, It represents the revenue from the sale of electric energy storage discharge to the grid, Indicates the electricity price for distribution and sale of electricity. Indicates the electricity sales cycle, express The microgrid load power at the moment, Indicates years Time period, represents the photovoltaic grid-connected electricity price, Represents the photovoltaic operation cycle, express Photovoltaic output at all times, represents the on-grid electricity price of wind power, Indicates the fan operation cycle, express The fan output at each moment, represents the on-grid electricity price, express The on-grid power of the energy storage at all times; The hydrogen supply income is expressed as: ； In the formula, Represents the hydrogen supply income, represents the price of hydrogen, Indicates the hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage tank, is the density of hydrogen, represents the hydrogen release efficiency, Indicates the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, A 0-1 variable indicating the storage / discharge status of the hydrogen storage tank. Indicates the sales ratio; The benefits of reducing wind / solar power losses include: reducing investment losses caused by wind and solar power abandonment through electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage systems, and using opportunity compensation costs to measure additional system operating costs caused by insufficient electricity compensation; Among them, the investment loss caused by reducing wind and solar power abandonment through the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system is expressed as: ； In the formula, Represents the investment losses caused by wind and solar abandonment. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of wind power units. It represents the investment loss caused by the abandonment of electricity by photovoltaic units. Distributed wind power The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed wind power The predicted amount of power wasted at the time, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment, Distributed photoelectric The actual amount of power wasted at the moment; The additional system operating cost due to insufficient electricity compensation is measured using the opportunity compensation cost as: ； In the formula, represents the additional system operating cost caused by insufficient electricity compensation, represents the simulation period of the electric-hydrogen coupling system, represents the compensation cost coefficient, represents the forward undercompensation power, Indicates negative undercompensated power.

6. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The equity target optimization function corresponding to the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company is the improved game payment function, which is expressed as: ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, Represents a variable between 0 and 1, where Indicate participation, Indicates not to participate, Represents distributed generation enterprises, Represents the power grid company, Represents electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies, Technology companies Equity and benefit distribution coefficient, Indicates that distributed generation companies participate in the cooperative alliance, Indicates that electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage companies will join the cooperation alliance, It means that the power grid company participates in the cooperative alliance; Among them, under the individual investment model, if the distributed power generation enterprise implements investment as an individual, its investment income includes: the electricity bill saved by the enterprise through independent power supply, and the income from the surplus power grid; if the power grid company implements investment as an individual, its investment income includes: the incremental power sales income obtained after the planning and construction of the microgrid; if the electric hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise implements investment as an individual, its investment income includes: the income from power supply, hydrogen supply, reduction of wind / photovoltaic abandonment, and reduced opportunity compensation costs; Under the insufficient cooperation model, if distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with power grid companies, electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises make individual investments, and the corresponding distributed power sources are connected to the power grid to supply power users in the microgrid, and the corresponding hybrid energy storage equipment is independently invested and operated; if distributed power generation enterprises cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, power grid companies make individual investments, hybrid energy storage equipment is configured in the new energy power generation system, and the microgrid is independently invested and operated; if power grid companies cooperate with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprises, distributed power generation enterprises make individual investments, hybrid energy storage equipment is configured in the microgrid, and power generation enterprises make independent investments and operate; In the fully cooperative mode, distributed power sources are connected to the microgrid, and hybrid energy storage equipment is connected to the grid for operation; Among them, based on the investment model under different alliance forms, government units are also required to participate in all cooperative alliances to enhance the attractiveness of the electricity-hydrogen coupled micro-energy grid project to social capital.

7. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The financial constraints of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model are expressed as: ； ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, represents the average debt service coverage ratio, Indicates Annual debt repayment reserve funds, Indicates Annual cost of the electricity-hydrogen micro-grid project; The physical planning constraints of the improved electricity-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company game payment model include at least: distribution network constraints, energy balance constraints, hydrogen production and storage constraints, and unit output constraints.

8. The equity optimization method applicable to the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed ownership company according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Based on the desired maximum alliance benefit and the marginal contribution of alliance members, the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company are determined, including: Determine the decision variables of the improved game payment model, expressed as: ； In the formula, represents the set of decision variables, represents the equity capital share of distributed generation enterprises, represents the total distribution income of distributed generation enterprises, Indicates the equity capital share of the power grid company. represents the total distribution income of the power grid company, represents the equity capital share of the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise, represents the total distributed revenue of the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage enterprise; Build on The investment equity allocation model of value theory is used to allocate according to the marginal contribution of participants to the alliance, where when the characteristic function is When Representation Game Participants in of value, let the alliance be , The value is calculated as follows: ； ； In the formula, Representation Game Participants in of value, represents the weighting factor, Represents Alliance The benefits, Indicates no participants Alliance The benefits, Represents Alliance The number of participants in according to Allocation strategy, get the allocation vector , and based on the allocation vector, the equity and benefit allocation coefficients of each technology enterprise are obtained, expressed as: ； According to the equity and benefit distribution coefficients, the equity ratio and benefit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise are obtained, which are expressed as: ； ； In the formula, Indicates The profit distribution ratio of each technology enterprise; And, according to the The equity ratio of the technology enterprises and the profit distribution ratio of the technology enterprises are determined The share of equity capital of technology enterprises and Technology Enterprise No. The total annual distribution income is expressed as: ； 。 9. An equity optimization device suitable for an electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company, characterized in that: include: A target model acquisition module is configured to acquire an improved game payment model for a mixed-ownership company of electricity and hydrogen micro-energy grid; And, the optimization strategy determination module is configured to solve the improved game payment model of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the acquired relevant data of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network system, with the maximization of the social benefits of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company as the optimization goal, combined with financial constraints and physical planning constraints, and determine the equity distribution and benefit distribution ratio of the electric-hydrogen micro-energy network mixed-ownership company based on the maximum alliance benefit and according to the marginal contribution of the alliance members.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, executes the steps of the equity optimization method applicable to an electric-hydrogen micro-energy grid mixed-ownership company as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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