Semi-coke ecological system environment restoration method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of environment restoration, and discloses a semi-coke ecological system environment restoration method which comprises the following steps: waste gas treatment: treating sulfur-containing gas, nitric oxide and particulate matters generated in semi-coke production by adopting a multi-stage gas purification device, and further purifying residual harmful substances by adopting a low-temperature plasma technology; wastewater treatment: carrying out multi-stage purification on industrial wastewater generated in semi-coke production through physical filtration, chemical precipitation and biological treatment, and carrying out advanced treatment on the wastewater in combination with a membrane separation technology; and solid waste treatment: carrying out high-temperature gasification treatment on solid wastes generated in semi-coke production, recovering energy and using residues for regenerated material production. The comprehensive treatment of various pollutants generated in the production process is realized through the technologies of multi-stage waste gas purification, waste water deep treatment and solid waste resource utilization, and the removal efficiency of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides is remarkably improved by the waste gas treatment system through the combination of wet desulfurization and dry desulfurization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental restoration, and in particular to a method for environmental restoration of a blue charcoal ecosystem. Background Art

[0002] Semi-coke is a clean coal produced by low-temperature dry distillation. It is widely used in chemical industry, metallurgy, power generation and other fields. It has high calorific value and low pollutant emission characteristics. However, in the production process of semi-coke, a large amount of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste are inevitably generated. These wastes contain a variety of pollutants, including sulfur oxides (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals and other harmful substances, if not handled properly, will have a serious impact on the surrounding air quality, water resources and soil environment, and even threaten the regional ecosystem and public health.

[0003] The large amount of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste generated during the production of semi-coke not only affects air quality and causes water pollution, but also poses a threat to the soil ecosystem. In particular, in terms of soil heavy metal pollution, harmful heavy metals such as lead and cadmium emitted by semi-coke production will infiltrate the soil, leading to the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, destroying the soil structure, affecting plant growth, and thus affecting the health of the entire ecosystem. At the same time, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides emitted in the waste gas not only pose a threat to human health, but also aggravate the acidification of soil and water bodies through acid rain and other forms, further aggravating ecological deterioration. In addition, if solid waste is not effectively treated, it may cause a long-term environmental burden. Although the incineration method can reduce the volume of solid waste, it will produce secondary pollutants, such as greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and landfilling may lead to the leakage of toxic substances and pollute the groundwater system. Therefore, the effective treatment and resource utilization of solid waste are issues that need to be urgently addressed.

[0004] Most of the existing waste gas treatment technologies are aimed at treating a single pollutant and cannot effectively solve the problem of synergistic removal of multiple pollutants. The treatment effect on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is limited, and the existing wet and dry desulfurization technologies often cannot take these pollutants into account. At the same time, nitrogen oxides (NO x ) treatment efficiency is also relatively low, resulting in insufficient comprehensive waste gas treatment effect.

[0005] In summary, the present invention provides a method for environmental restoration of a blue charcoal ecosystem. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for environmental restoration of a lignite ecosystem, which solves the problem that most of the existing waste gas treatment technologies treat a single pollutant and cannot effectively solve the problem of coordinated removal of multiple pollutants.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a method for environmental restoration of a blue charcoal ecosystem, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Waste gas treatment uses a multi-stage gas purification device to treat sulfur-containing gases, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter generated in the production of semi-coke, and further uses low-temperature plasma technology to purify residual harmful substances;

[0009] Wastewater treatment: the industrial wastewater generated in the production of semi-coke is purified through multi-stage physical filtration, chemical precipitation and biological treatment, and the wastewater is deeply treated by combining membrane separation technology;

[0010] Solid waste treatment: solid waste generated in the production of semi-coke is treated by high-temperature gasification to recover energy and use the residue for the production of recycled materials;

[0011] Ecological restoration, implementing vegetation cover and microbial restoration technology to restore soil and water resources in affected areas;

[0012] Water cycle management: monitor and regulate water resources in the semi-coal production and ecological restoration areas, and use rainwater collection systems and underground infiltration technology to manage water cycles;

[0013] Intelligent feedback and optimization system, establish Internet of Things and big data analysis system, monitor and optimize the waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment process in real time, and automatically adjust the treatment parameters according to data feedback;

[0014] Carbon emission capture and reuse, using carbon capture equipment to capture carbon dioxide emitted during the lignite production process and convert it into usable chemical raw materials.

[0015] Preferably, the multi-stage purification system for waste gas treatment includes the combined use of wet desulfurization and dry desulfurization, the wet desulfurization adopts the limestone-gypsum method, the reaction temperature is controlled at 50°C to 70°C, the dry desulfurization adopts activated carbon adsorption, and further purifies residual volatile organic matter and fine particulate matter through low-temperature plasma technology, and the voltage range is 5kV to 15kV.

[0016] Preferably, the physical filtration in the wastewater treatment is combined with gravity sedimentation and mechanical filtration, and the filtration speed is 1m 3 / h to 5m 3 / h, chemical precipitation uses aluminum sulfate as a coagulant, the dosage is 50mg / L to 150mg / L, the precipitation reaction time is 30 minutes to 60 minutes, the biological treatment system is combined with membrane separation technology, including ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.01 micron to 0.1 micron, and the operating pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa, which is used to remove dissolved salts and other tiny pollutants in the wastewater.

[0017] Preferably, the high-temperature gasification treatment in the solid waste treatment step adopts a gasification temperature of 900°C to 1200°C, the generated synthesis gas is used for power generation, and the remaining gasification residue is treated by plasma melting, and the melting temperature is controlled at 1200°C to 1500°C. The melted residue is converted into a usable glass material for the production of building materials.

[0018] Preferably, the vegetation restoration in the ecological restoration uses hyperaccumulators, with a plant density of 10 to 20 plants per square meter, mainly lead and cadmium heavy metal hyperaccumulators, and the microbial remediation technology uses strains with heavy metal tolerance, with a microbial concentration of 10 6 CFU / g to 10 8 CFU / g, and promote the fixation or transformation of soil heavy metals through the metabolic activities of rhizosphere microorganisms.

[0019] Preferably, the rainwater collection system in the water circulation management step combines ecological wetlands and underground infiltration technology with an infiltration depth of 1 to 3 meters. Rainwater is used for irrigation and water replenishment in the ecological restoration area through the infiltration system, while avoiding water resource waste and soil erosion caused by surface runoff.

[0020] Preferably, the intelligent feedback and optimization system is implemented through Internet of Things sensors and big data analysis platform. The sensors are arranged in the waste gas treatment device, wastewater treatment device and solid waste treatment system. The collected data includes SO 2 、NO x , particulate matter concentration, COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, the data collection frequency is 1 time / minute to 10 times / minute. The system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the processing equipment to achieve process optimization through historical data analysis and trend prediction.

[0021] Preferably, the intelligent feedback system has self-learning and optimization functions, analyzes historical operating data based on machine learning algorithms, automatically generates optimization plans for waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment, and controls the working status of each processing unit in real time through a feedback adjustment system to ensure long-term compliance with emission standards.

[0022] Preferably, in the carbon capture and recycling step, the carbon dioxide in the blue carbon production is captured by chemical absorption, the absorbent flow rate is 5L / min to 20L / min, and the captured CO2 It is converted into methanol through hydrogenation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200℃ to 300℃, the reaction pressure is 5MPa to 10MPa, and the generated methanol is reused as a chemical raw material.

[0023] Preferably, the carbon capture equipment further comprises a pressure release device to release the captured CO 2 Compressed and stored in high-pressure containers with a storage pressure of 5MPa to 10MPa, the stored carbon dioxide can be used for subsequent industrial purposes or carbon dioxide sequestration, forming a complete closed loop of carbon emission reduction and reuse.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for restoring the environment of a blue charcoal ecosystem, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention realizes the comprehensive treatment of various pollutants generated in the production process through multi-stage waste gas purification, deep wastewater treatment and solid waste resource utilization technology. The waste gas treatment system significantly improves the removal efficiency of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds and fine particles by combining wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and low-temperature plasma technology, ensuring the comprehensive control of atmospheric pollutants. In terms of wastewater treatment, combined with physical filtration, chemical precipitation, biological treatment and membrane separation technology, it can deeply remove heavy metals, dissolved salts and organic pollutants in wastewater, ensuring the recycling or qualified discharge of treated wastewater.

[0026] 2. The present invention uses ecological restoration technology combined with vegetation restoration and microbial restoration methods to significantly accelerate the recovery of soil contaminated by heavy metals. The selection of hyperaccumulator plants can effectively absorb heavy metals such as lead and cadmium in the soil, and reduce the migration and re-contamination of heavy metals through regular harvesting. Microbial restoration technology fixes or converts heavy metals in the soil into harmless forms through the metabolic activities of heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms. The multi-level restoration methods work together, which not only significantly shortens the soil pollution restoration cycle, but also improves soil structure and fertility in the long term, promotes the healthy growth of plants, and provides good basic conditions for the self-sustaining of the ecosystem.

[0027] 3. The present invention realizes real-time monitoring of the entire process of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment through the application of Internet of Things sensors and big data analysis platforms. Combined with self-learning and optimization algorithms, the system can automatically generate optimization plans based on real-time monitored environmental parameters and dynamically adjust the operating status of each processing unit to ensure the long-term high efficiency and stability of the treatment process. Compared with traditional manual monitoring and adjustment methods, the intelligent system significantly reduces the possibility of human intervention and erroneous operation. At the same time, through trend prediction and historical data analysis, it improves the energy saving and processing efficiency of equipment operation, providing intelligent support for achieving green production and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Please see attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for restoring the environment of a blue charcoal ecosystem, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Waste gas treatment uses a multi-stage gas purification device to treat sulfur-containing gases, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter generated in the production of semi-coke, and further uses low-temperature plasma technology to purify residual harmful substances;

[0033] Wastewater treatment: the industrial wastewater generated in the production of semi-coke is purified through multi-stage physical filtration, chemical precipitation and biological treatment, and the wastewater is deeply treated by combining membrane separation technology;

[0034] Solid waste treatment: solid waste generated in the production of semi-coke is treated by high-temperature gasification to recover energy and use the residue for the production of recycled materials;

[0035] Ecological restoration, implementing vegetation cover and microbial restoration technology to restore soil and water resources in affected areas;

[0036] Water cycle management: monitor and regulate water resources in the semi-coal production and ecological restoration areas, and use rainwater collection systems and underground infiltration technology to manage water cycles;

[0037] Intelligent feedback and optimization system, establish Internet of Things and big data analysis system, monitor and optimize the waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment process in real time, and automatically adjust the treatment parameters according to data feedback;

[0038] Carbon emission capture and reuse, using carbon capture equipment to capture carbon dioxide emitted during the lignite production process and convert it into usable chemical raw materials.

[0039] Specifically, for waste gas treatment, a multi-stage gas purification device is used to purify the sulfur-containing gas, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter generated in the production of lignite, and low-temperature plasma technology is further used to remove residual harmful substances; for wastewater treatment, the lignite industrial wastewater is purified in multiple stages through physical filtration, chemical precipitation and biological treatment, and is deeply treated in combination with membrane separation technology; for solid waste treatment, solid waste is gasified through a high-temperature gasification device to recover energy, and the residue is converted into renewable materials through plasma melting technology; for ecological restoration, the soil and water resources in the affected areas are restored by vegetation coverage technology and microbial remediation technology; for water cycle management, rainwater collection systems and underground infiltration technology are used to monitor and recycle water resources in lignite production and ecological restoration areas; for intelligent feedback and optimization system, an intelligent feedback system based on the Internet of Things and big data is established to monitor the waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment processes in real time, and automatically adjust the treatment parameters according to data feedback; for carbon emission capture and reuse, carbon dioxide in lignite production is captured by carbon capture equipment and converted into chemical raw materials or converted into methanol through hydrogenation reactions, thereby realizing the recycling of carbon resources. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, through the comprehensive application of multi-stage treatment and intelligent monitoring, the negative impact of lignite production on the environment is significantly reduced, ensuring that the emissions of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste meet environmental protection standards, promoting resource recycling and ecological restoration, especially carbon capture and reuse technology further reduces carbon emissions, realizes the greening and sustainability of the production process, and contributes to the realization of low-carbon economic goals.

[0040] The multi-stage purification system for waste gas treatment includes the combined use of wet desulfurization and dry desulfurization. The wet desulfurization adopts the limestone-gypsum method, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 50°C to 70°C. The dry desulfurization adopts activated carbon adsorption and further purifies residual volatile organic matter and fine particulate matter through low-temperature plasma technology. The voltage range is 5kV to 15kV.

[0041] Specifically, wet flue gas desulfurization and dry flue gas desulfurization are used in combination to achieve efficient removal of pollutants such as sulfur-containing gases, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the production of semi-coke. Specifically, wet flue gas desulfurization uses the limestone-gypsum method, which uses limestone to react with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to produce gypsum within a reaction temperature range of 50°C to 70°C. In this process, the liquid phase absorber uses the optimal liquid-to-gas ratio (L / G) to control it at 1.0L / m 3 Up to 1.5L / m 3 By adjusting the pH value of the limestone slurry (generally controlled at pH 5.5 to 6.5), the absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide is ensured to reach more than 90%. At the same time, the dry desulfurization uses an activated carbon adsorption device to adsorb residual sulfides and other pollutants in the flue gas, and the adsorption rate is controlled at 2g / m 3 Up to 10g / m3 In addition, low-temperature plasma technology is combined to further treat volatile organic compounds and fine particulate matter in the exhaust gas. The operating voltage of the plasma treatment system is in the range of 5kV to 15kV, and the discharge reaction time is 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds, which can effectively destroy the molecular bonds of VOCs and degrade them into harmless small molecule gases.

[0042] Taking full advantage of the high-efficiency sulfide removal characteristics of the limestone-gypsum method, combined with the deep adsorption of activated carbon and the rapid degradation ability of low-temperature plasma technology, can significantly improve the SO in the exhaust gas. 2 、NO x , VOCs and fine particles, ensuring that exhaust emissions meet environmental requirements. The liquid-gas ratio and pH value control technology in wet flue gas desulfurization can ensure the removal efficiency of sulfur dioxide, while the activated carbon adsorption technology in dry flue gas desulfurization provides supplementary treatment for residual pollutants. The application of low-temperature plasma technology interacts with pollutant molecules through high-energy electrons, destroying the molecular structure, thereby achieving effective degradation of VOCs and fine particles. Through the application of dynamic model predictive control algorithms, automatic adjustment and optimization of each processing link is achieved to ensure the efficiency and stability of system operation.

[0043] The physical filtration in the wastewater treatment is combined with gravity sedimentation and mechanical filtration, and the filtration speed is 1m 3 / h to 5m 3 / h, chemical precipitation uses aluminum sulfate as a coagulant, the dosage is 50mg / L to 150mg / L, the precipitation reaction time is 30 minutes to 60 minutes, the biological treatment system is combined with membrane separation technology, including ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.01 micron to 0.1 micron, and the operating pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa, which is used to remove dissolved salts and other tiny pollutants in the wastewater.

[0044] Specifically, the physical filtration stage uses a combination of gravity sedimentation and mechanical filtration, and the filtration speed is controlled at 1m 3 / h to 5m 3 / h range, gravity sedimentation is used to remove larger particles of suspended matter and solid pollutants, and mechanical filtration further removes smaller particles of suspended matter and impurities. Next, in the chemical precipitation stage, aluminum sulfate is used as a coagulant, and the dosage is controlled at 50mg / L to 150mg / L according to the concentration of suspended matter and heavy metals in the wastewater. The precipitation reaction time is 30 minutes to 60 minutes to ensure that heavy metals and other soluble pollutants form floccules and settle. In this process, the coagulation effect is optimized by an automatic control system, and the dosage and sedimentation time are adjusted in real time using online monitoring data to ensure the treatment efficiency and the economy of chemical agents.

[0045] In the biological treatment stage, activated sludge or biofilm system is used to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater. The system combines membrane separation technology, in which ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis (UF-RO) are used together. The pore size of ultrafiltration membrane is in the range of 0.01 micron to 0.1 micron, and it is mainly used to intercept macromolecular organic matter, bacteria, viruses and other microbial particles; the operating pressure of reverse osmosis membrane is 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa, which can remove dissolved salts, heavy metal ions and other tiny organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater. During the ultrafiltration process, the water flow rate and membrane pressure difference are precisely adjusted by the automatic control system to reduce membrane pollution and clogging, while extending the service life of the membrane. The operation of the reverse osmosis membrane is ensured to operate at the optimal operating pressure through the pressure sensor and flow control system to avoid the influence of too high or too low operating pressure on the treatment efficiency and equipment life. The entire membrane separation system also combines backwashing and chemical cleaning technology to ensure the cleanliness of the membrane surface and long-term stable operation.

[0046] In addition, the wastewater treatment system combines intelligent feedback control technology, and monitors water quality parameters (such as turbidity, COD, pH, heavy metal concentration, etc.) in real time through sensors installed at each treatment stage. Based on these data, the system automatically optimizes key parameters such as physical filtration speed, chemical dosage, aeration intensity of biological treatment, and operating pressure of membrane separation. Through dynamic adjustment, the wastewater treatment system can effectively respond to water quality fluctuations, maintain efficient and stable operation, ensure that the treated wastewater meets national emission standards, and part of the treated water can be recycled for industrial production and ecological irrigation.

[0047] The high-temperature gasification treatment in the solid waste treatment step adopts a gasification temperature of 900°C to 1200°C, and the generated synthesis gas is used for power generation. The remaining gasification residue is treated by plasma melting, and the melting temperature is controlled at 1200°C to 1500°C. The melted residue is converted into a usable glass material for the production of building materials.

[0048] The vegetation restoration in the ecological restoration uses hyperaccumulators, with a plant density of 10 to 20 plants per square meter, mainly lead and cadmium heavy metal hyperaccumulators. The microbial remediation technology uses strains with heavy metal tolerance, with a microbial concentration of 10 6 CFU / g to 10 8 CFU / g, and promote the fixation or transformation of soil heavy metals through the metabolic activities of rhizosphere microorganisms.

[0049] Specifically, heavy metal hyperaccumulators are used, and their types mainly include lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulators, such as Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). These plants can effectively absorb and accumulate heavy metal pollutants such as lead and cadmium in the soil. The planting density of plants is controlled at 10 to 20 plants per square meter to ensure that the plants can efficiently absorb heavy metals in a highly polluted soil environment, while maintaining a suitable growth environment to promote ecological restoration. Hyperaccumulators absorb heavy metals in the soil into the aboveground parts through their unique physiological mechanisms without affecting their own growth. Plants in the restoration process are harvested regularly to prevent excessive accumulation of heavy metals in the plant body, and the collected plants are further processed or recycled.

[0050] In terms of microbial remediation, special strains with heavy metal tolerance are combined. These strains can survive in heavy metal contaminated soil and fix, precipitate or transform heavy metals through their metabolic activities. The concentration of the microbial flora used is controlled at 10 6 CFU / g to 10 8 CFU / g (colony forming units per gram of soil) ensures the activity and effectiveness of microorganisms in the soil. Specifically, these strains can generate extracellular polymers (EPS) through metabolic processes or convert heavy metals into stable forms, such as sulfides or oxides, through mechanisms such as chemical precipitation, thereby reducing the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals. This process is enhanced by the rhizosphere effect of microorganisms, that is, microorganisms form enrichment zones around plant roots and promote the stabilization and harmlessness of heavy metals in the soil through a symbiotic relationship with plant roots. Microbial metabolism can also promote the decomposition of organic matter, increase soil fertility, improve soil structure, and provide favorable conditions for the long-term stable growth of vegetation.

[0051] In addition, to further improve the restoration effect, the present invention also combines ecological engineering measures, such as building a slope terrace system and soil and water conservation facilities to prevent soil erosion and reduce the risk of heavy metals entering the water body through soil erosion. In areas where hyperaccumulators are planted, appropriate irrigation systems and drainage facilities are used to ensure the water supply required for plant growth, control soil moisture content, and avoid the adverse effects of excessive water accumulation on the restoration process.

[0052] The rainwater collection system in the water cycle management step combines ecological wetlands and underground infiltration technology with an infiltration depth of 1 meter to 3 meters. Rainwater is used for irrigation and water replenishment in the ecological restoration area through the infiltration system, while avoiding water resource waste and soil erosion caused by surface runoff.

[0053] Specifically, the rainwater collection system is mainly used to collect regional precipitation. Through reasonably planned water collection facilities, such as water collection tanks, water collection pipes and rainwater storage tanks, rainwater from buildings, hardened ground and natural precipitation is collected. The collected rainwater undergoes preliminary sedimentation and filtration treatment to remove larger particles and suspended impurities, and is naturally purified through the ecological wetland system. The ecological wetland system uses the biological filtration effect of the roots of wetland plants and microorganisms to further remove organic pollutants and nutrients in the water, and significantly reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and other components in rainwater to prevent eutrophication. At the same time, the design of the wetland system takes into account the seasonal changes in water volume and can adjust the water storage capacity to adapt to the balance of water resources under different precipitation conditions.

[0054] Rainwater treated by wetlands enters the groundwater layer through underground infiltration technology, and the infiltration depth is controlled at 1 to 3 meters to ensure that rainwater can effectively replenish groundwater resources and gradually spread to the surrounding ecological restoration areas. In the underground infiltration system, combined with multi-level infiltration design, through the optimized arrangement of different infiltration media (such as gravel layer, sand layer and soil layer), the water body is further purified and filtered during the infiltration process, reducing the risk of surface runoff and soil erosion. The system is designed with a diversion device to ensure that rainwater can be evenly distributed to the ecological restoration area to avoid local excessive infiltration causing soil structure damage. Underground infiltration is not only used to replenish groundwater resources, but also to provide a continuous water supply for vegetation in the ecological restoration area to maintain the moist environment required for plant growth. The infiltration rate, depth and moisture regulation of the infiltration system are monitored in real time by the automatic control system, and dynamically adjusted in combination with precipitation, soil moisture and ecological restoration needs to maximize the utilization efficiency of rainwater.

[0055] The intelligent feedback and optimization system is implemented through IoT sensors and a big data analysis platform. The sensors are arranged in the waste gas treatment device, wastewater treatment device and solid waste treatment system. The collected data include SO 2 、NO x , particulate matter concentration, COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, the data collection frequency is 1 time / minute to 10 times / minute. The system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the processing equipment to achieve process optimization through historical data analysis and trend prediction.

[0056] Specifically, through the close integration of IoT sensors and big data platforms, all-round real-time monitoring and intelligent optimization control of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment systems are achieved. 2 、NO x, particulate matter concentration, COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals and other environmental parameters. The system can accurately capture environmental changes during the treatment process and make real-time adjustments based on the data to ensure the efficient operation of each treatment link. The adaptive predictive control (APC) algorithm used by the system can predict future emission levels in advance through big data analysis, dynamically optimize equipment operating parameters, and avoid the risk of excessive environmental emissions. At the same time, the system realizes the coordinated optimization of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment. For example, the waste heat from waste gas treatment is used to provide energy support for wastewater treatment, which significantly improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces the operating cost of the system.

[0057] In addition, the intelligent system of the present invention can effectively improve the efficiency of the waste gas desulfurization and denitrification systems, reduce energy consumption in the wastewater treatment process, and extend the service life of the membrane separation equipment and the gasifier through trend prediction and analysis of historical data, self-learning and adjustment of key operating parameters of each system. The system can automatically adjust the processing intensity of each link according to changes in environmental conditions, avoid waste of resources caused by excessive processing, and ensure long-term compliance with environmental protection laws and regulations. The system can also warn of various abnormal situations (such as excessive emission values, equipment failures, etc.) through a remote monitoring platform, and automatically start the emergency treatment process according to the preset plan, which greatly reduces human intervention and improves the safety and reliability of the system. In general, the present invention significantly improves the efficiency of waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment in blue carbon production through the application of intelligent feedback and optimization system, reduces energy consumption and pollutant emissions, and has high economic benefits and environmental protection benefits.

[0058] The intelligent feedback system has self-learning and optimization functions. It analyzes historical operating data based on machine learning algorithms, automatically generates optimization plans for waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment, and controls the working status of each treatment unit in real time through a feedback adjustment system to ensure long-term compliance with emission standards.

[0059] Specifically, the system comprehensively analyzes and models the historical operating data of various treatment units based on machine learning algorithms, and automatically generates optimal operation plans for waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment through deep learning, regression analysis, neural networks and other technologies. The system can adaptively adjust the working status of the treatment units, including the desulfurization and denitrification system in waste gas treatment, the biological treatment unit and membrane separation equipment in wastewater treatment, and the gasifier and plasma melting device in solid waste treatment. Its core is to use the pattern recognition ability of historical data to learn the nonlinear relationship between different environmental parameters, operating conditions and treatment results, form a prediction model, and then realize the trend prediction and optimization control of future operating conditions.

[0060] The system's self-learning function collects and analyzes a large amount of historical data, extracts the correlation between key environmental variables and equipment operating parameters, and uses supervised learning algorithms to continuously optimize the combination of these parameters. For example, in the exhaust gas treatment unit, the system can automatically adjust the limestone dosage of the desulfurization system and the reducing agent dosage of the SCR system based on historical data to ensure SO 2 and NO x Emissions are always within regulatory standards; in the wastewater treatment unit, the system dynamically optimizes aeration time, sludge return ratio and membrane operating pressure based on real-time monitoring of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen concentration to achieve wastewater discharge that meets standards. In addition, the system can also monitor the temperature and oxygen supply of the gasifier in solid waste treatment, automatically adjust the combustion state in the furnace, ensure that harmful substances are completely gasified, and stabilize the residual substances through the plasma melting system.

[0061] In the carbon capture and recycling step, the carbon dioxide in the blue carbon production is captured by chemical absorption, the absorbent flow rate is 5L / min to 20L / min, and the captured CO 2 It is converted into methanol through hydrogenation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200℃ to 300℃, the reaction pressure is 5MPa to 10MPa, and the generated methanol is reused as a chemical raw material.

[0062] The carbon capture device also includes a pressure release device to release the captured CO 2 Compressed and stored in high-pressure containers with a storage pressure of 5MPa to 10MPa, the stored carbon dioxide can be used for subsequent industrial purposes or carbon dioxide sequestration, forming a complete closed loop of carbon emission reduction and reuse.

[0063] Specifically, the chemical absorption method is used to treat the CO emitted during the production process. 2 The absorbent is a common amine solvent (such as monoethanolamine MEA or diethanolamine DEA), and the absorbent flow rate is controlled at 5L / min to 20L / min to ensure that the capture system can efficiently absorb CO in the flue gas. 2 During the absorption process, CO 2 Chemical reaction occurs with the absorbent to form bicarbonate or carbonate. The absorbed CO 2 The carbon dioxide is analyzed at high temperature through a regeneration tower to obtain high-purity carbon dioxide gas.

[0064] Captured CO 2It is then converted into methanol through hydrogenation reaction. The reaction conditions are reaction temperature of 200℃ to 300℃ and reaction pressure of 5MPa to 10MPa. In this process, the system uses metal oxide or copper-based catalysts to improve the conversion efficiency of the reaction. The hydrogenation reaction process is monitored by a computer control system to ensure that the temperature and pressure are always kept in the optimal range to maximize the methanol yield. The generated methanol can be reused as a chemical raw material to produce methanol fuel, formaldehyde or other chemicals, realizing CO 2 Recycling of resources.

[0065] Example 2: Multi-stage exhaust gas treatment and purification system

[0066] In this embodiment, the waste gas treatment in the blue carbon production process adopts a multi-stage purification system, including a combination of wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and low-temperature plasma technology. The wet desulfurization uses the limestone-gypsum method, the reaction temperature of the absorption tower is controlled at 50℃ to 70℃, and the liquid-gas ratio (L / G) is 1.0L / m 3 Up to 1.5L / m 3 , can achieve SO 2 The removal efficiency is as high as over 98%. Compared with the existing single wet desulfurization system, this embodiment ensures efficient SO removal at low temperature by controlling the liquid-gas ratio. 2 Absorption greatly reduces equipment corrosion and energy consumption. The exhaust gas is further passed through a dry desulfurization device, and an activated carbon adsorption device is used to absorb the residual SO 2 And other pollutants, the adsorption rate is controlled at 2g / m 3 Up to 10g / m 3 range, further reducing the pollutant content in the exhaust gas.

[0067] Finally, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter are treated by low-temperature plasma technology, with the voltage controlled at 5kV to 15kV and the reaction time at 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds. Low-temperature plasma technology destroys the molecular structure of VOCs through high-energy electrons, degrading them into harmless small molecules, and can effectively remove trace pollutants in the exhaust gas. Compared with the prior art, this embodiment significantly improves the overall efficiency of exhaust gas treatment by combining a multi-stage purification system, which not only ensures SO 2 and NO x Not only does it meet emission standards, it also significantly reduces the emission of tiny particles such as VOCs and PM2.5, solves the problem of harmful gases that are easily overlooked in traditional waste gas treatment systems, and achieves a more comprehensive waste gas purification effect.

[0068] Example 3: Deep purification and membrane separation technology in wastewater treatment

[0069] The wastewater treatment system of this embodiment adopts a combination of physical, chemical and biological treatment, and uses membrane separation technology for deep purification. First, physical filtration is combined with gravity sedimentation and mechanical filtration, and the filtration speed is controlled at 1m 3 / h to 5m 3 / h, used to remove large suspended solids and solid impurities. Subsequently, chemical precipitation uses aluminum sulfate as a coagulant, with a dosage of 50mg / L to 150mg / L and a precipitation time of 30 minutes to 60 minutes, which can effectively remove heavy metals and other insoluble pollutants in wastewater.

[0070] In the biological treatment stage, ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane separation technologies are combined. The pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.01 microns to 0.1 microns, which is used to remove large molecular organic matter, bacteria and viruses in the water; the operating pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane is controlled at 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa, which is used to remove dissolved salts and tiny pollutants. Compared with the prior art, this embodiment significantly improves the purification depth of wastewater through membrane separation technology, especially for soluble heavy metals and organic matter that are difficult to remove, the purification effect is better. Compared with traditional chemical treatment and biological treatment methods, membrane separation technology not only improves the treatment efficiency, but also reduces the use of chemical reagents, reduces energy consumption and operating costs in the sewage treatment process, and ensures that the treated wastewater meets the discharge or reuse standards.

[0071] Example 4: High-temperature gasification and plasma melting technology in solid waste treatment

[0072] This embodiment uses high-temperature gasification technology and plasma melting technology to treat solid waste generated during the production of blue carbon. The operating temperature of the gasifier is controlled at 900°C to 1200°C. By precisely controlling the oxygen supply during the gasification process, the solid waste is converted into high-energy synthesis gas, which is used for power generation or preparation of chemical products. The gasification residue is treated by plasma melting, and the melting temperature is controlled at 1200°C to 1500°C. The melted residue is converted into a vitreous material, which can be used in the production of building materials.

[0073] Compared with traditional incineration or landfill treatment technologies, this embodiment realizes resource utilization of solid waste through gasification technology, reduces the volume of waste, and effectively transforms combustible components through high-temperature gasification process, thereby recovering energy to the maximum extent. Plasma melting technology ensures the thorough solidification of harmful heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, avoiding the occurrence of secondary pollution. Compared with existing solid waste treatment technologies, this embodiment has significant advantages, can convert solid waste into high-value-added materials, reduce the burden of landfill and incineration on the environment, and achieve a win-win situation of environmental protection and economic benefits.

[0074] Example 5: Vegetation restoration and microbial restoration technology in ecological restoration

[0075] This example uses a combined remediation technology of hyperaccumulators and heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms for ecological restoration of contaminated soil during the production of blue carbon. During the vegetation restoration process, plants that hyperaccumulate lead and cadmium, such as Indian mustard, were used, and the plant density was controlled at 10 to 20 plants per square meter. These hyperaccumulators can effectively absorb heavy metals in the soil, enrich them in the aboveground part, and are harvested regularly to prevent the re-migration of heavy metals.

[0076] During the microbial remediation phase, a concentration of 10 6 CFU / g to 10 8 CFU / g of heavy metal tolerant bacteria. These microorganisms fix or convert heavy metals in the soil into harmless forms through metabolic activities such as complexation and precipitation, reducing the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals. Compared with traditional physical and chemical remediation technologies, this embodiment can significantly accelerate the remediation speed and significantly reduce the heavy metal content in the soil in a short period of time through plant-microorganism synergy. At the same time, microbial remediation can also improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and provide better environmental conditions for subsequent ecological restoration, which is better than the single remediation method in the prior art.

[0077] Example 6: Carbon dioxide conversion and storage technology in carbon capture and reuse system

[0078] This example is aimed at the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), chemical absorption is used for capture, the flow rate of the absorbent is controlled at 5L / min to 20L / min, and the capture efficiency can reach more than 95%. The captured CO 2 It is converted into methanol through hydrogenation reaction. The reaction temperature is controlled at 200℃ to 300℃ and the reaction pressure is 5MPa to 10MPa. Copper-based catalysts are used in the hydrogenation reaction. After the methanol is generated, it can be reused as a chemical raw material.

[0079] For the remaining CO 2 The system is equipped with a pressure relief device to remove CO 2 Compressed to 5MPa to 10MPa and stored in high-pressure containers for subsequent industrial use or for carbon dioxide storage (CCS). 2 Injection into stable underground geological formations, such as saline layers or abandoned oil and gas wells, ensures that carbon dioxide will not be re-emitted into the atmosphere. 2 It is converted into methanol, forming a recycling path for carbon resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the high-pressure storage and underground storage technology further solves the problem of CO 2The long-term emission problem of carbon capture and utilization has formed a complete closed-loop system of carbon capture, utilization and storage. Compared with the traditional CO 2 The treatment technology has higher economic benefits and environmental protection effects.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for restoring the environment of a blue carbon ecosystem, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Waste gas treatment uses a multi-stage gas purification device to treat sulfur-containing gases, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter generated in the production of semi-coke, and further uses low-temperature plasma technology to purify residual harmful substances; Wastewater treatment: the industrial wastewater generated in the production of semi-coke is purified through multi-stage physical filtration, chemical precipitation and biological treatment, and the wastewater is deeply treated by combining membrane separation technology; Solid waste treatment: solid waste generated in the production of semi-coke is treated by high-temperature gasification to recover energy and use the residue for the production of recycled materials; Ecological restoration, implementing vegetation cover and microbial restoration technology to restore soil and water resources in affected areas; Water cycle management: monitor and regulate water resources in the semi-coal production and ecological restoration areas, and use rainwater collection systems and underground infiltration technology to manage water cycles; Intelligent feedback and optimization system, establish the Internet of Things and big data analysis system, monitor and optimize the waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment process in real time, and automatically adjust the treatment parameters according to data feedback; Carbon emission capture and reuse, using carbon capture equipment to capture carbon dioxide emitted during the lignite production process and convert it into usable chemical raw materials.

2. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage purification system for waste gas treatment includes the combined use of wet desulfurization and dry desulfurization. The wet desulfurization adopts the limestone-gypsum method, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 50°C to 70°C. The dry desulfurization adopts activated carbon adsorption and further purifies residual volatile organic matter and fine particulate matter through low-temperature plasma technology. The voltage range is 5kV to 15kV.

3. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical filtration in the wastewater treatment is combined with gravity sedimentation and mechanical filtration, and the filtration speed is 1m 3 / h to 5m 3 / h, chemical precipitation uses aluminum sulfate as a coagulant, the dosage is 50mg / L to 150mg / L, the precipitation reaction time is 30 minutes to 60 minutes, the biological treatment system is combined with membrane separation technology, including ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.01 micron to 0.1 micron, and the operating pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.5MPa to 1.5MPa, which is used to remove dissolved salts and other tiny pollutants in the wastewater.

4. The method for environmental restoration of blue carbon ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature gasification treatment in the solid waste treatment step adopts a gasification temperature of 900°C to 1200°C, and the generated synthesis gas is used for power generation. The remaining gasification residue is treated by plasma melting, and the melting temperature is controlled at 1200°C to 1500°C. The melted residue is converted into a usable glass material for the production of building materials.

5. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation restoration in the ecological restoration uses hyperaccumulators, with a plant density of 10 to 20 plants per square meter, mainly lead and cadmium heavy metal hyperaccumulators. The microbial remediation technology uses strains with heavy metal tolerance, with a microbial concentration of 10 6 CFU / g to 10 8 CFU / g, and promote the fixation or transformation of soil heavy metals through the metabolic activities of rhizosphere microorganisms.

6. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainwater collection system in the water cycle management step combines ecological wetlands and underground infiltration technology with an infiltration depth of 1 meter to 3 meters. Rainwater is used for irrigation and water replenishment in the ecological restoration area through the infiltration system, while avoiding water resource waste and soil erosion caused by surface runoff.

7. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent feedback and optimization system is realized through the Internet of Things sensors and big data analysis platform. The sensors are arranged in the waste gas treatment device, wastewater treatment device and solid waste treatment system. The collected data include SO2, NO x , particulate matter concentration, COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, the data collection frequency is 1 time / minute to 10 times / minute. The system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the processing equipment to achieve process optimization through historical data analysis and trend prediction.

8. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent feedback system has self-learning and optimization functions. It analyzes historical operating data based on machine learning algorithms, automatically generates optimization plans for waste gas, wastewater and solid waste treatment, and controls the working status of each treatment unit in real time through a feedback adjustment system to ensure long-term compliance with emission standards.

9. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the carbon capture and reuse step, chemical absorption is used to capture carbon dioxide in the blue carbon production, the absorbent flow rate is 5L / min to 20L / min, the captured CO2 is converted into methanol through hydrogenation reaction, the reaction temperature is 200°C to 300°C, the reaction pressure is 5MPa to 10MPa, and the generated methanol is reused as a chemical raw material.

10. The method for environmental restoration of blue charcoal ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon capture equipment also includes a pressure relief device, which compresses the captured CO2 and stores it in a high-pressure container with a storage pressure of 5MPa to 10MPa. The stored carbon dioxide can be used for subsequent industrial purposes or carbon dioxide storage, forming a complete closed loop of carbon emission reduction and reuse.

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