Photovoltaic photo-thermal energy storage heat pump system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic photo-thermal energy storage heat pump system and method.The system comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly, the electric quantity output end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly is connected with an energy storage assembly, an air source heat pump machine and a demand module, and the demand module is connected with a power grid; the air outlet end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly is connected with the first air inlet end of the air source heat pump machine, and the second air inlet end of the air source heat pump machine is used for introducing demand module waste gas; the water outlet end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly is connected with the first water inlet end of the energy storage water tank, and the first water outlet end of the energy storage water tank is connected with the water inlet end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly; the water outlet end of the air source heat pump machine is connected with the second water inlet end of the energy storage water tank, and the second water outlet end of the energy storage water tank is connected with the water inlet end of the air source heat pump machine. The air conditioner has the advantages that the ultralow-temperature refrigerating capacity is improved, electricity is saved, carbon emission is low, universality is high, the structure is simple, and efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system and method. Background Art

[0002] A heat pump is a highly efficient energy conversion device that can raise low-temperature heat to high temperature, thereby realizing the recycling of waste heat. An air source heat pump is an energy-saving device that uses high-level energy to make heat flow from low-level heat source air to high-level heat source. It can convert low-level heat energy that cannot be directly used (such as heat contained in air, soil, and water) into usable high-level heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of saving some high-level energy (such as coal, gas, oil, electricity, etc.). The heat source side of the air source heat pump is ambient air. The temperature difference between the heating and the heat source is large, and the temperature difference fluctuates greatly with the seasons and day and night, which makes the COP of the air source heat pump low, and the fluctuation of ambient temperature will inevitably lead to fluctuation of operating conditions and reduce the reliability of the heat pump unit.

[0003] Solar photovoltaic and thermal technology combines power generation and heating in one component, recovers waste heat based on photovoltaic power generation, and realizes solar thermal cogeneration, which not only improves the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, but also provides heating and domestic hot water. However, solar photovoltaic and thermal equipment can only work during the day and cannot provide power and heating at night. It is necessary to cooperate with power storage devices to store excess electricity during the day for use at night, or to store valley electricity from the power grid to supplement the time period of insufficient power generation, so as to solve the time imbalance between photovoltaic and thermal power generation and heat and electricity loads.

[0004] The efficiency of air source heat pumps is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, and their ultra-low temperature heating capacity needs to be further improved. When the outdoor temperature is low, the evaporation pressure of the air source heat pump decreases, and the heating capacity decreases accordingly, which may not be able to meet the larger heat load at this time, resulting in higher electricity bills and poor indoor heating effects.

[0005] The time of photovoltaic thermal power generation and heat and electricity load is unbalanced. Solar energy needs sufficient light intensity to generate enough heat, which makes solar heating unstable and easily affected by many factors such as region, season and time of use, and has a limited scope of use. Solar energy converts energy slowly and cannot provide uninterrupted heating around the clock like boilers and heat pumps. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system and method, which has the advantages of improving ultra-low temperature refrigeration capacity, saving electricity, low carbon emissions, strong versatility, simple structure and high efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system, comprising a photovoltaic thermal component, wherein the power output end of the photovoltaic thermal component is respectively connected to an energy storage component, an air source heat pump and a demand module, and the demand module is connected to a power grid;

[0009] The air outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the first air inlet of the air source heat pump; the water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the first water inlet of the energy storage water tank, and the first water outlet of the energy storage water tank is connected to the water inlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly;

[0010] The water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected to the second water inlet of the energy storage water tank, and the second water outlet of the energy storage water tank is connected to the water inlet of the air source heat pump;

[0011] The energy storage water tank is also provided with a cold water end and a hot water end. The cold water end of the energy storage water tank is used to connect with the cold water inlet end of the demand module, and the hot water end of the energy storage water tank is used to connect with the hot water inlet end of the demand module.

[0012] Optionally, a first water pump is provided in a liquid pipe connecting the water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the first water inlet of the energy storage water tank.

[0013] Optionally, a circulating water pump is provided in a pipeline connecting the water outlet of the air source heat pump and the second water inlet of the energy storage water tank.

[0014] Optionally, a second water pump is provided in the pipeline connecting the cold water end of the energy storage water tank and the cold water inlet end of the demand module.

[0015] Optionally, a third water pump is provided in the pipeline connecting the hot water end of the energy storage water tank and the hot water inlet end of the demand module.

[0016] Optionally, the power output end of the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump and the demand module respectively through an inverter; the demand module is connected to the power grid through a circuit breaker.

[0017] Optionally, the photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system also includes a control component, which is respectively connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump to control the operation of the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump.

[0018] Optionally, the air source heat pump is further provided with a second air inlet end for receiving industrial waste gas.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic thermal energy storage control method for a demand module. Based on the above system, the method includes:

[0020] During the summer daytime, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and the air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump provides centralized cooling for the demand module.

[0021] When photovoltaic energy is abundant and the electricity consumption of the demand module is met, the air source heat pump is supplied with electricity for cooling. The cold water produced by the air source heat pump is stored in the energy storage tank. At the same time, the energy storage component stores the excess electricity. When the energy storage component is fully charged, the excess electricity is supplied to the grid.

[0022] At night, the photovoltaic and thermal components stop working, and the energy storage components are controlled to supply power to the demand module's power load. When the energy storage components are insufficient, the power supply is switched to the external grid. At the same time, the energy storage water tank is controlled to provide cold water to the demand module.

[0023] During the daytime in winter, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and the air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump uses the solar heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal module and the waste heat of the demand module for centralized heating, and uses the excess heat to heat water, and stores the heated water in the energy storage tank;

[0024] When the light intensity is sufficient and the heat production capacity of solar energy is sufficient to meet the needs of the demand module, the air source heat pump is turned off and the photovoltaic thermal component operates alone; when insufficient light causes low solar heat production capacity, the pipeline is switched to allow the air source heat pump to operate alone. When solar power generation is insufficient, the energy storage component is switched to power the demand module; when the outdoor temperature is low and the heat production of the air source heat pump is insufficient, the heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal component is used as the low-level energy of the heat pump, and the two operate together;

[0025] During winter nights, the energy storage tank provides hot water to the demand modules; the energy storage components are charged through the grid to meet electricity demand when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient during the day.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system provided in this embodiment uses the photovoltaic thermal component and the air source heat pump to make solar energy a low-level energy source for the heat pump, thereby solving the problem of weak ultra-low temperature heating capacity of the air source heat pump, improving the utilization rate of green energy, reducing carbon emissions, and achieving good safety effects. The waste heat of the photovoltaic thermal component is used to prepare high-temperature hot water and store it in the energy storage tank, forming a centralized heating system to heat the demand module, greatly reducing the consumption of fossil fuels; at the same time, the energy storage component and the energy storage tank solve the problem of time mismatch between photovoltaic thermal power generation and heating and heat and electricity loads, breaking through the constraints of light conditions on the solar energy system. Regardless of the climate and light conditions, the user's heat needs can be met through adjusting valves and pipelines and different operating modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composition of the photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0029] In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic thermal component; 2. Energy storage component; 3. Air source heat pump; 4. Demand module; 5. Energy storage tank; 6. First water pump; 7. Circulating water pump; 8. Second water pump; 9. Third water pump; 10. Inverter; 11. Circuit breaker. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example:

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] In the relevant existing technologies, the efficiency of air source heat pumps is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, and its ultra-low temperature heating capacity needs to be further improved. When the outdoor temperature is low, the evaporation pressure of the air source heat pump decreases, and the heating capacity decreases accordingly. It may not be able to meet the larger heat load at this time, resulting in higher electricity bills and poor indoor heating effects. However, the time of photovoltaic thermal power generation and heating and heat and electricity loads is unbalanced. Solar energy requires sufficient light intensity to generate enough heat, which makes solar heating unstable and easily affected by many factors such as region, season and use time, and has a limited scope of use. Solar energy converts energy slowly and cannot provide uninterrupted heating around the clock like boilers and heat pumps.

[0033] To solve the above technical problems existing in existing gas source heat pumps and photovoltaic thermal power generation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system, which mainly includes a photovoltaic thermal component 1, and the power output end of the photovoltaic thermal component 1 is respectively connected to the energy storage component 2, the air source heat pump 3 and the demand module 4, and the demand module 4 is connected to the power grid. In other words, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic thermal component 1 will be stored and provide electricity for the operation of the air source heat pump and the demand module.

[0034] The air outlet end of the photovoltaic thermal component 1 is connected to the first air inlet end of the air source heat pump 3. In this way, by cooperating with the photovoltaic thermal component 1 and the air source heat pump 3, solar energy is used as a low-level energy source of the air source heat pump 3, thereby solving the problem of weak ultra-low temperature heating capacity of the air source heat pump 3, improving the utilization rate of green energy, reducing carbon emissions, and achieving good safety effects.

[0035] The water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly 1 is connected to the first water inlet of the energy storage tank 5, and the first water outlet of the energy storage tank 5 is connected to the water inlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly 1. The water outlet of the air source heat pump 3 is connected to the second water inlet of the energy storage tank 5, and the second water outlet of the energy storage tank 5 is connected to the water inlet of the air source heat pump 3. In this way, the photovoltaic waste heat can be utilized by the photovoltaic thermal assembly 1 to heat the water in the energy storage tank 5.

[0036] The energy storage water tank 5 is also provided with a cold water end and a hot water end, wherein the cold water end of the energy storage water tank is used to be connected to the cold water inlet end of the demand module, and the hot water end of the energy storage water tank is used to be connected to the hot water inlet end of the demand module. In this way, the energy storage water tank can provide hot water and cold water to the demand module.

[0037] It can be seen that the photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system provided in this embodiment uses solar energy as a low-level energy source for heat pumps by combining photovoltaic thermal components with air source heat pumps, thereby solving the problem of weak ultra-low temperature heating capacity of air source heat pumps, improving green energy utilization, reducing carbon emissions, and achieving good safety effects. The waste heat of photovoltaic thermal components is used to prepare high-temperature hot water and store it in energy storage tanks to form a centralized heating system to heat the demand modules, greatly reducing the consumption of fossil fuels; at the same time, the energy storage components and energy storage tanks solve the problem of time mismatch between photovoltaic thermal power generation and heat and electricity loads, breaking through the constraints of light conditions on solar energy systems. Regardless of the climate and light conditions, the heat needs of users can be met through adjusting valves and pipelines and different operating modes.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, a first water pump 6 is provided in a liquid pipe connecting the water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly 1 and the first water inlet of the energy storage water tank 5. A circulating water pump 7 is provided in a pipeline connecting the water outlet of the air source heat pump 3 and the second water inlet of the energy storage water tank. A second water pump 8 is provided in a pipeline connecting the cold water end of the energy storage water tank 5 and the cold water inlet of the demand module. A third water pump 9 is provided in a pipeline connecting the hot water end of the energy storage water tank and the hot water inlet of the demand module. In this way, water pumps are provided in different pipelines to enhance the flow of water.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the power output end of the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump and the demand module through the inverter 10 to meet different power requirements. The demand module is connected to the power grid through the circuit breaker 11 to regulate the power source of the demand module. The energy storage component is an energy storage battery, and the air source heat pump 3 includes a compressor and an expansion valve.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system also includes a control component, which is respectively connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump to control the operation of the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the first and second air inlet ends of the air source heat pump 3 are used to access the exhaust gas of the demand module, so that the air source heat pump can use the waste heat of the demand module, the waste heat of the exhaust gas and / or the solar heat for centralized heating.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the demand module is a household demand module or an industrial demand module. That is to say, the system can also be used for ordinary household users and industrial parks, and has a wide range of applications.

[0043] Accordingly, this embodiment also provides a photovoltaic thermal energy storage control method, based on the above system, including:

[0044] During the summer daytime, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump provides centralized cooling for the demand module park.

[0045] When photovoltaic energy is abundant and the electricity consumption of the demand module is met, the air source heat pump is supplied with electricity for cooling. The cold water produced by the air source heat pump is stored in the energy storage tank. At the same time, the energy storage component stores the excess electricity. When the energy storage component is fully charged, the excess electricity is supplied to the grid.

[0046] At night, the photovoltaic and thermal components stop working, and the energy storage components are controlled to supply power to the demand module's power load. When the energy storage components are insufficient, the power supply is switched to the external grid. At the same time, the energy storage water tank is controlled to provide cold water to the demand module.

[0047] During the daytime in winter, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and the air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump uses the solar heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal module and the waste heat of the demand module for centralized heating. At the same time, the excess heat is used to heat the water transmitted from the energy storage tank to 80°C, and the heated water is stored in the energy storage tank.

[0048] When the light intensity is sufficient and the heat production capacity of solar energy is sufficient to meet the needs of the demand module, the air source heat pump is turned off and the photovoltaic thermal component operates alone; when insufficient light causes low solar heat production capacity, the pipeline is switched to allow the air source heat pump to operate alone. When solar power generation is insufficient, the energy storage component is switched to power the demand module; when the outdoor temperature is low and the heat production of the air source heat pump is insufficient, the heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal component is used as the low-level energy of the heat pump, and the two operate together;

[0049] During winter nights, the water heated during the day and stored in the energy storage tank can provide hot water for the demand module; the energy storage component is charged through the power grid to meet the electricity demand when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient during the day.

[0050] In summary, the present application utilizes photovoltaic thermal technology and heat pump technology. Photovoltaic thermal components generate electrical energy and heat energy by absorbing light energy. Electric energy is connected to the demand module power circuit, energy storage battery, air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter, and is connected to the power grid through the circuit breaker. When the sunlight is sufficient, the electric energy is input into the energy storage battery when the power consumption of the demand module is met. When the energy storage battery is fully charged, the excess electric energy is sold to the power grid company; the air source heat pump utilizes the electric energy produced by the photovoltaic thermal component to utilize the photovoltaic waste heat and the waste heat of the demand module device, heats the water in the water tank to provide hot water for the demand module, and when the thermal energy is sufficient, prepares high-temperature hot water and stores it in the energy storage tank for centralized heating of the demand module. The control component monitors the working conditions of the photovoltaic thermal system, air source heat pump, and energy storage tank, controls the relevant valves under different conditions, controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery, the input and output of the energy storage tank, the switching of the circuit breaker, and the operation and shutdown of the air source heat pump.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity from another entity, but do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0052] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic thermal component, the power output end of which is respectively connected to an energy storage component, an air source heat pump and a demand module, and the demand module is connected to a power grid; The air outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the first air inlet of the air source heat pump; the water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly is connected to the first water inlet of the energy storage water tank, and the first water outlet of the energy storage water tank is connected to the water inlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly; The water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected to the second water inlet of the energy storage water tank, and the second water outlet of the energy storage water tank is connected to the water inlet of the air source heat pump; The energy storage water tank is also provided with a cold water end and a hot water end. The cold water end of the energy storage water tank is used to connect with the cold water inlet end of the demand module, and the hot water end of the energy storage water tank is used to connect with the hot water inlet end of the demand module.

2. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first water pump is arranged in a liquid pipe connecting the water outlet of the photovoltaic thermal assembly and the first water inlet of the energy storage water tank.

3. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circulating water pump is arranged in the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the air source heat pump machine and the second water inlet of the energy storage water tank.

4. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second water pump is provided in the pipeline connecting the cold water end of the energy storage water tank and the cold water inlet end of the demand module.

5. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third water pump is arranged in the pipeline connecting the hot water end of the energy storage water tank and the hot water inlet end of the demand module.

6. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output end of the photovoltaic thermal component is connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump and the demand module through an inverter; the demand module is connected to the power grid through a circuit breaker.

7. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control component, which is respectively connected to the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump to control the operation of the energy storage component, the air source heat pump, the energy storage water tank, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump and the circulating water pump.

8. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air source heat pump is also provided with a second air inlet end for receiving industrial waste gas.

9. The photovoltaic thermal energy storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The demand module is a household demand module or an industrial demand module.

10. A photovoltaic thermal energy storage control method, based on the system of claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: During the summer daytime, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and the air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump provides centralized cooling for the demand module. When photovoltaic energy is abundant and the electricity consumption of the demand module is met, the air source heat pump is supplied with electricity for cooling. The cold water produced by the air source heat pump is stored in the energy storage tank. At the same time, the energy storage component stores the excess electricity. When the energy storage component is fully charged, the excess electricity is supplied to the grid. On summer nights, the photovoltaic and solar thermal components stop working, and the energy storage components are controlled to supply power to the demand module's power load. When the energy storage components are insufficient, the power supply is switched to the external grid; at the same time, the energy storage water tank is controlled to provide cold water to the demand module; During the daytime in winter, the photovoltaic thermal module converts solar energy into heat and electricity, and sends the electricity to the demand module and the air source heat pump through the photovoltaic storage inverter. The air source heat pump uses the solar heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal module and the waste heat of the demand module for centralized heating, and uses the excess heat to heat water, and stores the heated water in the energy storage tank; When the light intensity is sufficient and the heat production capacity of solar energy is sufficient to meet the needs of the demand module, the air source heat pump is turned off and the photovoltaic thermal component operates alone; when insufficient light causes low solar heat production capacity, the pipeline is switched to make the air source heat pump operate alone. When solar power generation is insufficient, the energy storage component is switched to power the demand module; when the outdoor temperature is low and the heat production of the air source heat pump is insufficient, the heat generated by the photovoltaic thermal component is used as the low-level energy of the heat pump, and the two operate together; During winter nights, the energy storage tank provides hot water to the demand modules; the energy storage components are charged through the grid to meet electricity demand when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient during the day.

Images