Bearing ring surface defect online detection device and method based on machine vision

Abstract

The invention discloses a bearing ring surface defect on-line detection device and method based on machine vision, and the device comprises a base station, the top of the base station is provided with a circulating feeding mechanism for circularly conveying a to-be-detected bearing ring, and one side of the top of the base station is provided with a detection mechanism for detecting the bearing ring at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism. A limiting mechanism used for limiting the circulating feeding mechanism is installed at the position, corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism, of the other side of the top of the base table, and the circulating feeding mechanism comprises a servo motor fixedly connected to the base table. According to the bearing ring detection device, a bearing ring to be detected can be conveniently clamped and fixed, the clamped bearing ring can be clearly shot, and the bearing ring to be detected can be conveniently and continuously fed, so that the detection efficiency of the bearing ring is improved, and various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately recognized through feature comparison.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing ring detection equipment, and in particular to an online detection device and method for bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision. Background Art

[0002] Roundness refers to the degree to which the cross section of a workpiece approaches a theoretical circle. When the difference between the maximum radius and the minimum radius is 0, the roundness is 0. Parallelism refers to the degree to which two planes or two straight lines are parallel, and refers to the maximum allowable error of one plane (edge) relative to another plane (edge). The roundness of the bearing ring and the parallelism of the two end faces can reflect the quality of a bearing. In order to ensure the factory quality of the bearing, the roundness and parallelism are tested before the bearing ring is assembled.

[0003] For example, a Chinese patent with publication (announcement) number CN216385440U discloses a bearing ring detection device, including a measuring platform and a micrometer, wherein two vertical and parallel positioning rollers are provided at the upper end of the measuring platform, and the micrometer includes a first micrometer and a second micrometer, wherein the first micrometer is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the plane where the two positioning rollers are located, and the first micrometer is slidably connected to the detection platform, and the second micrometer is vertically arranged and connected to the measuring platform through a moving block.

[0004] Although the above technical solution solves the corresponding technical problem, the bearing ring detection device in the above technology is not convenient for continuously loading the bearing ring to be detected, thereby reducing the detection efficiency of the bearing ring. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online detection device and method for bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing bearing ring detection device is not convenient for continuous feeding of the bearing ring to be detected, thereby reducing the detection efficiency of the bearing ring, so as to achieve not only the convenience of clamping and fixing the bearing ring to be detected, but also the ability to clearly photograph the clamped bearing ring, and facilitate continuous feeding of the bearing ring to be detected, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the bearing ring, and can accurately identify various defects on the surface of the bearing ring through feature comparison.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for online detection of surface defects of bearing rings based on machine vision comprises a base, a circulating feeding mechanism for circulating the bearing rings to be detected is installed on the top of the base, a detection mechanism for bearing ring detection is installed on one side of the top of the base and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism, and a limiting mechanism for limiting the circulating feeding mechanism is installed on the other side of the top of the base and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the circulating feeding mechanism includes a servo motor fixedly connected to the base, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to a rotating feeding table, and a plurality of clamping and fixing mechanisms arranged at equal distances are installed on the rotating feeding table.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the clamping and fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating feeding table, the fixing frame is fixedly connected to a rotating motor, the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to a driving frame, the top of the driving frame is fixedly connected to a rotating table, two symmetrically arranged clamping assemblies are installed on the rotating table, and a driving assembly for driving the clamping assembly is installed on the rotating table and located between the two clamping assemblies.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes a mounting seat fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table, a mounting rotating block is rotatably installed on the mounting seat through a connecting shaft, a rotating clamping plate rod is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting rotating block, a clamping block is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating clamping plate rod, a trapezoidal inclined block is fixedly connected to the other side of the rotating clamping plate rod, a clamping pad is fixedly connected to the side of the trapezoidal inclined block, and a sliding groove is provided on the side of the trapezoidal inclined block.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a threaded sleeve fixedly connected to the center of the rotating table, an adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, an abutment rod is rotatably installed on the top of the adjusting bolt through a bearing, and the abutment rod is movably penetrated through the slide groove on the side close to the slide groove and extends to the interior of the slide groove, rollers are installed at both ends of the abutment rod and are rollingly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, and two symmetrically arranged limit telescopic rods are also fixedly connected to the bottom of the abutment rod, and the other end of the limit telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the detection mechanism includes a mounting frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a detection camera is installed on the top of the side of the mounting frame, and a lighting lamp is also installed on the top of the mounting frame.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes a support frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a mounting sleeve fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, a sliding clamping rod slidably connected to the mounting sleeve, a clamping block fixedly connected to one end of the sliding clamping rod, a plurality of clamping grooves arranged at equal distances are provided at the edge of the rotating feeding table and corresponding to the position of the clamping block, a sleeve spring is sleeved on the sliding clamping rod located between the clamping block and the mounting sleeve, an iron block is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding clamping rod, and an electromagnet is installed on the support frame and corresponding to the position of the iron block.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a number of equally spaced limiting pillars are installed at the edge of the bottom of the rotating feeding table, and an annular limiting groove is opened at the top of the base corresponding to the position of the limiting pillar. The bottom of the limiting pillar is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove through a limiting ball.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, a limiting assembly for supporting the processed bearing ring is also provided on the rotating table. The limiting assembly includes a supporting ring, and the bottom of the supporting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table through a supporting rod.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for online detection of surface defects of a bearing ring based on machine vision, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. First, the bearing ring to be tested is mounted on two clamping components, and the bottom of the bearing ring is in contact with the support ring;

[0018] S2. Rotate the adjusting bolt, so that the abutment rod can be driven to move upward under the action of the thread of the adjusting bolt and the threaded sleeve, so that the inner wall of the slide groove can be squeezed by the rollers on both sides of the abutment rod. Due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block, the rotating clamping plate rod can be driven to rotate around the connecting shaft on the mounting seat, so that the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad on the side of the clamping block;

[0019] S3, moving the clamped bearing ring to the position of the detection camera through the servo motor, so that the appearance information of the bearing ring can be captured by the detection camera, and the clarity of the bearing ring can be increased by setting the lighting lamp;

[0020] S4, after one of the bearing rings is inspected, the servo motor drives the clamped bearing ring to rotate, and moves the bearing ring of the next station to the position of the inspection camera, and then the bearing ring can be inspected by the inspection camera, and the continuous loading of the bearing ring can be realized in this reciprocating manner, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing ring;

[0021] S5. When the servo motor drives the rotary feeding table to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power of the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet generates magnetism and attracts the iron block, thereby driving the card block to be separated from the corresponding card slot, thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotary feeding table. After the rotary feeding table rotates, the power of the electromagnet is disconnected, so that the card block can be driven to be stuck in the corresponding card slot under the elastic force of the sleeve spring, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotary feeding table after rotation;

[0022] S6. The image acquired by the detection camera is preprocessed through the image preprocessing module, and the key features of the bearing ring are extracted. Then, advanced algorithms such as the least squares method, polar coordinate transformation and Sauvola local binarization algorithm are used to identify and classify the defects in the image. Finally, various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified through feature comparison.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the device and method for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention is not only convenient for clamping and fixing the bearing ring to be inspected, but also can clearly photograph the clamped bearing ring, and is convenient for continuous feeding of the bearing ring to be inspected, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing ring, and can accurately identify various defects on the surface of the bearing ring through feature comparison.

[0025] 2. The present invention can drive the abutment rod to move upward under the action of the threads of the adjusting bolt and the threaded sleeve by rotating the adjusting bolt, so that the inner wall of the slide groove can be squeezed by the rollers on both sides of the abutment rod. Due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block, the rotating clamping plate rod can be driven to rotate around the connecting shaft on the mounting seat, so that the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad on the side of the clamping block.

[0026] 3. The present invention moves the clamped bearing ring to the position of the detection camera through a servo motor, so that the appearance information of the bearing ring can be captured through the detection camera, and the clarity of the bearing ring shot can be increased by setting a lighting lamp.

[0027] 4. When the present invention is used, after the inspection of one of the bearing rings is completed, the clamped bearing ring is driven to rotate by the servo motor, and the bearing ring of the next workstation is moved to the position of the inspection camera, and then the bearing ring can be inspected by the inspection camera. In this reciprocating manner, continuous loading of the bearing rings can be achieved, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing rings.

[0028] 5. In the present invention, when the servo motor drives the rotary feeding table to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power supply of the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet generates magnetism and attracts the iron block, thereby driving the card block to disengage from the corresponding card slot, thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotary feeding table. After the rotary feeding table completes its rotation, the power supply of the electromagnet is disconnected, so that the card block can be driven to be stuck in the corresponding card slot under the elastic force of the sleeve spring, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotary feeding table after rotation.

[0029] 6. The present invention preprocesses the image acquired by the detection camera through an image preprocessing module, and extracts the key features of the bearing ring. Then, advanced algorithms such as the least squares method, polar coordinate transformation and Sauvola local binarization algorithm are used to identify and classify the defects in the image. Finally, various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified through feature comparison. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only examples of the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 The structure of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 The structure of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The structure of the circulating feeding mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 5 The structure of the circulating feeding mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotary feeding table in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 The structure of the clamping and fixing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 8 The structure of the clamping and fixing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a limit assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.14 Flow chart of the detection method of the present invention.

[0045] Reference numerals:

[0046] 1. Base; 2. Circular feeding mechanism; 3. Detection mechanism; 4. Limiting mechanism;

[0047] 201, servo motor; 202, rotary feeding table; 203, clamping and fixing mechanism;

[0048] 2021, limiting pillar; 2022, annular limiting groove; 2023, limiting ball;

[0049] 2031, fixed frame; 2032, rotating motor; 2033, driving frame; 2034, rotating table; 2035, clamping assembly; 2036, driving assembly; 2037, limiting assembly;

[0050] 20351, mounting seat; 20352, mounting rotating block; 20353, rotating clamping plate rod; 20354, clamping block; 20355, trapezoidal inclined block; 20356, slide groove; 20357, clamping pad;

[0051] 20361, threaded sleeve; 20362, adjusting bolt; 20363, abutting rod; 20364, roller; 20365, limiting telescopic rod;

[0052] 20371, support ring; 20372, support rod;

[0053] 301, mounting frame; 302, detection camera; 303, lighting lamp;

[0054] 401, support frame; 402, mounting sleeve; 403, sliding lever; 404, clamping block; 4041, clamping slot; 405, sleeve spring; 406, iron block; 407, electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; it can be the internal connection of two components; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] See also Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention is an online detection device for bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision, including a base 1, a circulating feeding mechanism 2 for circulating the bearing ring to be detected is installed on the top of the base 1, a detection mechanism 3 for bearing ring detection is installed on one side of the top of the base 1 and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism 2, and a limiting mechanism 4 for limiting the circulating feeding mechanism 2 is installed on the other side of the top of the base 1 and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism 2.

[0059] See also Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the circulating feeding mechanism 2 includes a servo motor 201 fixedly connected to the base 1, and a rotating feeding table 202 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 201. A plurality of clamping and fixing mechanisms 203 arranged at equal distances are installed on the rotating feeding table 202.

[0060] See also Figure 7-8 As shown, the clamping and fixing mechanism 203 includes a fixing frame 2031 fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating feeding table 202, a rotating motor 2032 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 2031, a driving frame 2033 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 2032, a rotating table 2034 is fixedly connected to the top of the driving frame 2033, two symmetrically arranged clamping assemblies 2035 are installed on the rotating table 2034, and a driving assembly 2036 for driving the clamping assembly 2035 is installed on the rotating table 2034 and located between the two clamping assemblies 2035.

[0061] See also Fig. 9As shown, the clamping assembly 2035 includes a mounting base 20351 fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table 2034, a mounting rotating block 20352 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 20351 via a connecting shaft, a rotating clamping plate rod 20353 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting rotating block 20352, a clamping block 20354 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating clamping plate rod 20353, a trapezoidal inclined block 20355 is fixedly connected to the other side of the rotating clamping plate rod 20353, a clamping pad 20357 is fixedly connected to the side of the trapezoidal inclined block 20355, and a slide groove 20356 is provided on the side of the trapezoidal inclined block 20355.

[0062] See also Fig.10 As shown, the driving assembly 2036 includes a threaded sleeve 20361 fixedly connected to the center of the rotating table 2034, and an adjusting bolt 20362 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 20361. An abutment rod 20363 is rotatably installed on the top of the adjusting bolt 20362 through a bearing, and the abutment rod 20363 is movably penetrated through the slide groove 20356 on the side close to the slide groove 20356 and extends to the interior of the slide groove 20356. Both ends of the abutment rod 20363 are equipped with rollers 20364 that are rollingly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 20356. The bottom of the abutment rod 20363 is also fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged limit telescopic rods 20365, and the other end of the limit telescopic rod 20365 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table 2034.

[0063] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting bolt 20362 is rotated, so that the abutment rod 20363 can be driven to move upward under the action of the threads of the adjusting bolt 20362 and the threaded sleeve 20361, so that the inner wall of the slide groove 20356 can be squeezed by the rollers 20364 on both sides of the abutment rod 20363. Due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block 20355, the rotating clamping plate rod 20353 can be driven to rotate around the connecting shaft on the mounting seat 20351, so that the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad 20357 on the side of the clamping block 20354.

[0064] See also Fig.12 As shown, the detection mechanism 3 includes a mounting frame 301 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a detection camera 302 is installed on the top of the side of the mounting frame 301, and a lighting lamp 303 is also installed on the top of the mounting frame 301. The appearance information of the bearing ring is captured by the detection camera 302, and the clarity of the image of the bearing ring can be increased by setting the lighting lamp 303.

[0065] See also Fig.13As shown, the limiting mechanism 4 includes a support frame 401 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a mounting sleeve 402 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 401, a sliding card rod 403 is slidably connected to the mounting sleeve 402, one end of the sliding card rod 403 is fixedly connected to a card block 404, a plurality of card slots 4041 arranged at equal distances are provided at the edge of the rotating feeding table 202 and corresponding to the position of the card block 404, a sleeve spring 405 is sleeved on the sliding card rod 403 between the card block 404 and the mounting sleeve 402, an iron block 406 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding card rod 403, and a plurality of card slots 4041 arranged at equal distances are provided at the edge of the rotating feeding table 202 and corresponding to the position of the card block 404, a sleeve spring 405 is sleeved on the sliding card rod 403 between the card block 404 and the mounting sleeve 402, and an iron block 406 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sliding card rod 403. An electromagnet 407 is installed at the position of 06. When the servo motor 201 drives the rotating feeding table 202 to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power of the electromagnet 407 so that the electromagnet 407 generates magnetism and attracts the iron block 406, thereby driving the card block 404 to disengage from the corresponding card slot 4041, thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotating feeding table 202. After the rotating feeding table 202 completes the rotation, the power of the electromagnet 407 is disconnected, so that the card block 404 can be driven to be stuck in the corresponding card slot 4041 under the elastic force of the sleeve spring 405, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating feeding table 202 after rotation.

[0066] See also Figure 1 , 6 As shown, a number of equally spaced limiting pillars 2021 are installed at the edge of the bottom of the rotating feeding table 202, and an annular limiting groove 2022 is opened at the top of the base 1 and corresponding to the position of the limiting pillar 2021, and the bottom of the limiting pillar 2021 is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove 2022 through a limiting ball 2023.

[0067] The limiting pillar 2021 , the annular limiting groove 2022 and the limiting ball 2023 are provided to provide limiting support for the rotating feeding platform 202 , thereby increasing the stability of the circumferential rotation of the rotating feeding platform 202 .

[0068] See also Fig.11 As shown, a limiting assembly 2037 for supporting the processed bearing ring is also provided on the rotating table 2034, and the limiting assembly 2037 includes a supporting ring 20371, and the bottom of the supporting ring 20371 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table 2034 through a supporting rod 20372; by providing the supporting ring 20371 and the supporting rod 20372, a supporting effect is played on the bearing ring mounted on the clamping assembly 2035, thereby increasing the convenience of clamping the bearing ring.

[0069] Please refer to Fig.14 As shown, an online detection method for bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision in an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1. First, the bearing ring to be tested is mounted on the two clamping components 2035, and the bottom of the bearing ring is in contact with the support ring 20371;

[0071] S2. Rotate the adjusting bolt 20362, so that the abutting rod 20363 can be driven to move upward under the action of the threads of the adjusting bolt 20362 and the threaded sleeve 20361, so that the inner wall of the slide groove 20356 can be squeezed by the rollers 20364 on both sides of the abutting rod 20363. Due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block 20355, the rotating clamping plate rod 20353 can be driven to rotate around the connecting shaft on the mounting seat 20351, so that the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad 20357 on the side of the clamping block 20354;

[0072] S3, the clamped bearing ring is moved to the position of the detection camera 302 by the servo motor 201, so that the appearance information of the bearing ring can be captured by the detection camera 302, and the clarity of the bearing ring can be increased by setting the lighting lamp 303;

[0073] S4, after one of the bearing rings is inspected, the servo motor 201 drives the clamped bearing ring to rotate, and moves the bearing ring of the next station to the position of the inspection camera 302, and then the bearing ring can be inspected by the inspection camera 302, and the continuous loading of the bearing ring can be realized in this reciprocating manner, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing ring;

[0074] S5. When the servo motor 201 drives the rotating feeding platform 202 to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power supply of the electromagnet 407, so that the electromagnet 407 generates magnetism and attracts the iron block 406, thereby driving the card block 404 to disengage from the corresponding card slot 4041, thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotating feeding platform 202. After the rotating feeding platform 202 rotates, the power supply of the electromagnet 407 is disconnected, so that the card block 404 can be driven to snap into the corresponding card slot 4041 under the elastic force of the sleeve spring 405, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating feeding platform 202 after rotation;

[0075] S6. The image acquired by the detection camera 302 is preprocessed through the image preprocessing module, and the key features of the bearing ring are extracted. Then, advanced algorithms such as the least squares method, polar coordinate transformation and Sauvola local binarization algorithm are used to identify and classify the defects in the image. Finally, various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified through feature comparison.

[0076] By adopting the above technical scheme, it is not only convenient to clamp and fix the bearing ring to be inspected, but also possible to take clear photos of the clamped bearing ring, and convenient to continuously feed the bearing ring to be inspected, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing ring, and various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified through feature comparison.

[0077] The working principle of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, the bearing ring to be tested is sleeved on the two clamping components 2035, and the bottom of the bearing ring is abutted against the support ring 20371, and then the adjusting bolt 20362 is rotated, so that the abutment rod 20363 can be driven to move upward under the action of the threads of the adjusting bolt 20362 and the threaded sleeve 20361, so that the inner wall of the slide groove 20356 can be squeezed by the rollers 20364 on both sides of the abutment rod 20363, and due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block 20355, the rotating clamping plate rod 20353 can be driven to rotate around the installation The connecting shaft on the seat 20351 rotates, so the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad 20357 on the side of the clamping block 20354, and then the clamped bearing ring is moved to the position of the detection camera 302 by the servo motor 201, so that the appearance information of the bearing ring can be captured by the detection camera 302, and the clarity of the bearing ring can be increased by setting the lighting lamp 303. After one of the bearing rings is inspected, the clamped bearing ring is driven to rotate by the servo motor 201, and the bearing of the next station is moved to the next station. The ring moves to the position of the detection camera 302, and then the bearing ring can be detected by the detection camera 302. In this reciprocating manner, the continuous loading of the bearing ring can be realized, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the bearing ring. Moreover, when the servo motor 201 drives the rotating feeding table 202 to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power of the electromagnet 407, so that the electromagnet 407 generates magnetism and attracts the iron block 406, so that the card block 404 can be driven to disengage from the corresponding card slot 4041, thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotating feeding table 202, and when the rotating feeding table 202 rotates, After that, the power supply of the electromagnet 407 is disconnected, so that the block 404 can be driven to be stuck in the corresponding slot 4041 under the elastic force of the sleeve spring 405, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating feeding table 202 after rotation. Finally, the image obtained by the detection camera 302 is preprocessed by the image preprocessing module, and the key features of the bearing ring are extracted. Then, advanced algorithms such as the least squares method, polar coordinate transformation and Sauvola local binarization algorithm are used to identify and classify the defects in the image. Finally, various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified through feature comparison.

[0078] The above shows and describes the basic principles of the present invention. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only intended to illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for online detection of surface defects of a bearing ring based on machine vision, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A circulating feeding mechanism (2) for circulating the bearing rings to be tested is installed on the top of the base (1); a detection mechanism (3) for detecting the bearing rings is installed on one side of the top of the base (1) and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism (2); and a limiting mechanism (4) for limiting the circulating feeding mechanism (2) is installed on the other side of the top of the base (1) and at a position corresponding to the circulating feeding mechanism (2).

2. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circulating feeding mechanism (2) comprises a servo motor (201) fixedly connected to the base (1), a rotating feeding platform (202) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (201), and a plurality of clamping and fixing mechanisms (203) arranged at equal distances are installed on the rotating feeding platform (202).

3. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping and fixing mechanism (203) comprises a fixing frame (2031) fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating feeding platform (202), a rotating motor (2032) fixedly connected to the fixing frame (2031), a driving frame (2033) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor (2032), a rotating table (2034) fixedly connected to the top of the driving frame (2033), two symmetrically arranged clamping assemblies (2035) mounted on the rotating table (2034), and a driving assembly (2036) for driving the clamping assembly (2035) mounted on the rotating table (2034) and located between the two clamping assemblies (2035).

4. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The clamping assembly (2035) includes a mounting seat (20351) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table (2034); a mounting rotating block (20352) is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat (20351) via a connecting shaft; a rotating clamping plate rod (20353) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting rotating block (20352); a clamping block (20354) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating clamping plate rod (20353); a trapezoidal inclined block (20355) is fixedly connected to the other side of the rotating clamping plate rod (20353); a clamping pad (20357) is fixedly connected to the side of the trapezoidal inclined block (20355); and a sliding groove (20356) is provided on the side of the trapezoidal inclined block (20355).

5. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The driving assembly (2036) includes a threaded sleeve (20361) fixedly connected to the center of the rotating table (2034), an adjusting bolt (20362) being threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (20361), an abutment rod (20363) being rotatably mounted on the top of the adjusting bolt (20362) through a bearing, and the abutment rod (20363) is movably penetrated through the sliding groove (20356) on the side close to the sliding groove (20356) and extends to the inside of the sliding groove (20356), rollers (20364) which are rollingly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (20356) are mounted on both ends of the abutment rod (20363), and two symmetrically arranged limiting telescopic rods (20365) are also fixedly connected to the bottom of the abutment rod (20363), and the other end of the limiting telescopic rod (20365) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table (2034).

6. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The detection mechanism (3) comprises a mounting frame (301) fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a detection camera (302) is mounted on the top of the side of the mounting frame (301), and a lighting lamp (303) is also mounted on the top of the mounting frame (301).

7. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (4) comprises a support frame (401) fixedly connected to the top of the base (1); a mounting sleeve (402) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (401); a sliding clamping rod (403) is slidably connected to the mounting sleeve (402); one end of the sliding clamping rod (403) is fixedly connected to a clamping block (404); a plurality of clamping grooves (4041) arranged at equal distances are provided at the edge of the rotary feeding platform (202) and at a position corresponding to the clamping block (404); a sleeve spring (405) is sleeved on the sliding clamping rod (403) located between the clamping block (404) and the mounting sleeve (402); the other end of the sliding clamping rod (403) is fixedly connected to an iron block (406); and an electromagnet (407) is installed on the support frame (401) and at a position corresponding to the iron block (406).

8. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A plurality of equally spaced limiting pillars (2021) are installed at the edge of the bottom of the rotating feeding platform (202), an annular limiting groove (2022) is provided at the top of the base (1) and at a position corresponding to the limiting pillars (221), and the bottom of the limiting pillar (2021) is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the annular limiting groove (2022) via a limiting ball (2023).

9. The device for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating table (2034) is also provided with a limiting assembly (2037) for supporting a processed bearing ring, wherein the limiting assembly (2037) comprises a supporting ring (20371), and the bottom of the supporting ring (20371) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating table (2034) via a supporting rod (20372).

10. A method for online detection of bearing ring surface defects based on machine vision, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. First, the bearing ring to be tested is mounted on two clamping components (2035), and the bottom of the bearing ring is in contact with the support ring (20371); S2. Rotate the adjusting bolt (20362), so that the abutting rod (20363) can be driven to move upward under the action of the threads of the adjusting bolt (20362) and the threaded sleeve (20361), so that the inner wall of the slide groove (20356) can be squeezed by the rollers (20364) on both sides of the abutting rod (20363). Due to the inclined design of the trapezoidal inclined block (20355), the rotating clamping plate rod (20353) can be driven to rotate around the connecting shaft on the mounting seat (20351), so that the inner side of the bearing ring can be conveniently and firmly clamped by the clamping pad (20357) on the side of the clamping block (20354); S3, moving the clamped bearing ring to the position of the detection camera (302) by means of the servo motor (201), so that appearance information of the bearing ring can be captured by the detection camera (302), and the clarity of the image of the bearing ring can be increased by setting a lighting lamp (303); S4, after one of the bearing rings is inspected, the servo motor (201) drives the clamped bearing ring to rotate, and moves the bearing ring of the next station to the position of the inspection camera (302), and then the bearing ring can be inspected by the inspection camera (302), and the continuous loading of the bearing rings can be achieved in this reciprocating manner, thereby improving the inspection efficiency of the bearing rings; S5. When the servo motor (201) drives the rotating feeding platform (202) to rotate, it is only necessary to turn on the power supply of the electromagnet (407), so that the electromagnet (407) generates magnetism and attracts the iron block (406), thereby driving the clamping block (404) to disengage from the corresponding clamping slot (4041), thereby ensuring the normal rotation of the rotating feeding platform (202). After the rotating feeding platform (202) has completed its rotation, the power supply of the electromagnet (407) is disconnected, so that the clamping block (404) can be driven to clamp into the corresponding clamping slot (4041) under the elastic force of the sleeve spring (405), thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating feeding platform (202) after rotation; S6. Preprocessing the image acquired by the detection camera (302) through an image preprocessing module, and extracting key features of the bearing ring. Then, using advanced algorithms, including but not limited to the least squares method, polar coordinate transformation, and Sauvola local binarization algorithm, the defects in the image are identified and classified. Finally, through feature comparison, various defects on the surface of the bearing ring can be accurately identified.

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