Microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straws

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial agents, and discloses a rapid straw decomposition microbial agent, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 10-30% of a microbial strain, 5-15% of a nutrient substance, 40-70% of a carrier, 2-4% of a stabilizer, 1-2% of a pH regulator, 1-2% of an enzyme preparation, and 1-2% of a plant growth regulator. The microbial agent disclosed by the invention contains nutrient substances, a stabilizer, a pH regulator, an enzyme preparation and a plant growth regulator, and the nutrient substances are beneficial to rapid propagation and efficient metabolism of microbial strains, so that the overall effect of the microbial agent is improved; the stability and activity of the microbial inoculum can be maintained through the stabilizer, the microbial inoculum is prevented from being stored and transported, and the shelf life of the microbial inoculum can be prolonged; through the plant growth regulator, the crops can be more robust and high in yield in the growth process, and the microbial agents can also improve the soil structure, improve the diversity of soil microorganisms and enhance the stress resistance and immunity of the crops, so that the yield and quality of the crops are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microbial agents, in particular to a microbial agent for rapid straw decomposition. Background Art

[0002] Straw usually refers to the remaining part of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rapeseed and other crops after the seeds are harvested. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straw. Straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter. It is a multi-purpose renewable biological resource. Straw composting microbial agent is a microbial preparation produced by modern chemistry and biotechnology, which can accelerate the composting process of organic waste such as straw.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a straw microbial decomposition agent and a preparation method thereof (Announcement No. CN107227268A), which is mainly prepared by a straw microbial decomposition liquid and a protein nutrient agent in a volume ratio of 1:1; the straw microbial decomposition liquid is obtained by sealing and fermenting a straw mixture to obtain a strain, and is prepared by in vitro culture of a microbial culture medium. The composting heat-producing strain is obtained by using the straw mixture fermentation process, and the composting heat-producing strain is enriched and cultured, and then mixed with a protein-rich protein nutrient agent. The obtained straw microbial decomposition agent can generate heat during the straw composting process, effectively provide the temperature required for bacterial reproduction, and then provide a nitrogen source through the protein nutrient agent, so that the microorganisms can reproduce in large quantities in the early stage of fermentation using the nitrogen source provided by the protein nutrient agent, thereby increasing the composting rate and effectively shortening the time required for fertilization, solving the problem of few functional microorganisms, slow reproduction rate, and serious nitrogen loss in the early stage of fertilization of poor soil by straw composting.

[0004] However, most of the existing microbial agents are made of bacterial liquid and protein nutrients, which leads to reduced stability and activity of the agent, affecting its shelf life, affecting its use, and reducing soil structure. For example, the above-mentioned reference document adopts the method of preparing bacterial liquid and protein nutrients. In actual application, when only bacterial liquid and protein nutrients are used to make microbial agents, the stability and activity of the agent cannot be guaranteed, resulting in reduced shelf life, and the decomposition ability of soil organic matter is not high, which affects the promotion of crop growth and development. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a straw rapid decomposition microbial agent to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A straw rapid decomposition microbial agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentage: 10-30% of microbial strains, 5-15% of nutrients, 40-70% of carriers, 2-4% of stabilizers, 1-2% of pH regulators, 1-2% of enzyme preparations and 1-2% of plant growth regulators.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the microbial species are one or more of cellulose degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degrading bacteria, and lignin degrading bacteria, wherein the cellulose degrading bacteria are Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, etc., the hemicellulose degrading bacteria are Bacillus subtilis, etc., and the lignin degrading bacteria are white rot fungi, Aspergillus niger, etc.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the nutrients are nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source, and trace elements, wherein the nitrogen source is urea, the phosphorus source is phosphate, the potassium source is potassium chloride, and the trace elements are one or more of calcium, magnesium, and iron.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present invention: the carrier is divided into an organic carrier and an inorganic carrier, wherein the organic carrier is rice bran or bran, the inorganic carrier is diatomaceous earth, the stabilizer is one or more of sodium alginate, xanthan gum, and polyvinyl alcohol, the pH regulator is phosphoric acid, and the plant growth regulator is gibberellin and auxin.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the production method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. Selection and proportion of microorganisms: First, select microorganisms according to the requirements of straw maturity, and determine the proportions of cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria;

[0013] S2, fermentation culture: the selected bacteria are cultured on a suitable culture medium, and the culture conditions are controlled, the bacteria obtained by the fermentation culture are cultured in a fermenter, and the culture conditions are adjusted during the fermentation process, and nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators are added to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0014] S3, mixing preparation: filtering or centrifuging the fermentation liquid to obtain a concentrated bacterial liquid, and mixing the concentrated bacterial liquid with a carrier so that the microbial cells in the bacterial liquid are uniformly adsorbed on the carrier to ensure the quality of the bacterial liquid;

[0015] S4. Detection application: Observe the color, odor, moisture content, and pH value of the bacterial agent, and conduct laboratory simulated fermentation tests to observe the changes in straw before and after the bacterial agent treatment.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: in S1, cellulose degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, hemicellulose degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, lignin degrading bacteria account for 5-10%, and the microbial agent further includes 1-3% yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: during fermentation, the temperature of the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank in S2 is in the range of 25-35° C., the humidity is 60-70%, the pH value is 7, and the fermentation time is 15-30 days.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: after adding nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators in S2, fermentation parameters need to be monitored and the compost needs to be turned regularly for 4-7 days.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: in said S3, when the concentrated bacterial liquid is mixed with the carrier, the rotation speed is 300-350r / min, the stirring time is 10-20min, and the temperature range is 30-50°C.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the microbial agent of the present invention contains nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators, wherein the nutrients contribute to the rapid reproduction and efficient metabolism of the microbial strains, thereby improving the overall effect of the agent; the stabilizer can maintain the stability and activity of the agent, prevent the agent from being stored and transported, and contribute to extending the shelf life of the agent; the pH regulator can adjust the pH of the agent to ensure that the microbial strains grow and metabolize within a suitable pH range; the enzyme preparation accelerates the decomposition of organic matter and the release of nutrients, Improve the ability of microbial agents to decompose soil organic matter and promote the growth and development of crops; plant growth and development processes can be regulated through plant growth regulators, which can further promote crops and make them stronger and more productive during their growth. The addition of these raw materials can significantly accelerate the composting process of straw and convert straw into nutrient-rich organic fertilizer, providing a sustainable source of nutrients for agricultural production. At the same time, these microbial agents can also improve soil structure, increase soil microbial diversity, and enhance crop resistance and immunity, thereby comprehensively improving crop yield and quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 10-30% of microbial strains, 5-15% of nutrients, 40-70% of carriers, 2-4% of stabilizers, 1-2% of pH regulators, 1-2% of enzyme preparations, and 1-2% of plant growth regulators.

[0023] In this embodiment, the microbial strains are one or more of cellulose degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degrading bacteria, and lignin degrading bacteria, wherein the cellulose degrading bacteria are Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, etc., the hemicellulose degrading bacteria are Bacillus subtilis, etc., and the lignin degrading bacteria are white rot fungi, Aspergillus niger, etc.

[0024] Specifically, the present embodiment can promote plant growth, improve soil environment, enhance crop resistance, decompose organic matter, promote nutrient circulation, improve soil structure, etc. through microbial strains.

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] In this embodiment, the nutrients are nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source, and trace elements, wherein the nitrogen source is urea, the phosphorus source is phosphate, the potassium source is potassium chloride, and the trace elements are one or more of calcium, magnesium, and iron.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, these substances help the rapid reproduction and efficient metabolism of microbial strains, thereby improving the overall effect of the bacterial agent.

[0029] In this embodiment, the carrier is further divided into an organic carrier and an inorganic carrier, wherein the organic carrier is rice bran or bran, the inorganic carrier is diatomaceous earth, the stabilizer is one or more of sodium alginate, xanthan gum, and polyvinyl alcohol, the pH regulator is phosphoric acid, and the plant growth regulators are gibberellins and auxins.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, the survival rate of microorganisms can be improved by the carrier, the microorganisms can be protected from environmental damage, and precise delivery can be achieved. The carrier can provide the stable environment required by the microorganisms, reduce the impact of environmental pressure on the microorganisms, and ensure that the microbial agent can fully play its role after use. The stabilizer can maintain the stability and activity of the microbial agent to prevent the microbial agent from being stored and transported, which helps to extend the shelf life of the microbial agent; the pH regulator can adjust the pH value of the microbial agent to ensure that the microbial strains grow and metabolize within an appropriate pH range; the enzyme preparation can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and the release of nutrients, improve the ability of the microbial agent to decompose soil organic matter, and promote the growth and development of crops; the plant growth and development process can be regulated by the plant growth regulator, which further promotes the crops and makes the crops stronger and more productive during the growth process.

[0031] Embodiment 2

[0032] The production method of the microbial agent is as follows:

[0033] S1. Selection and proportion of microorganisms: First, select microorganisms according to the requirements of straw maturity, and determine the proportions of cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria;

[0034] In S1, cellulose-degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, lignin-degrading bacteria account for 5-10%, and the microbial agent also includes 1-3% yeast and lactic acid bacteria;

[0035] S2, fermentation culture: the selected bacteria are cultured on a suitable culture medium, and the culture conditions are controlled, the bacteria obtained by the fermentation culture are cultured in a fermenter, and the culture conditions are adjusted during the fermentation process, and nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators are added to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0036] The temperature of the fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank in S2 is 25-35°C, the humidity is 60-70%, the pH value is 7, and the fermentation time is 15-30 days; after adding nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators in S2, the fermentation parameters need to be monitored and the compost should be turned regularly for 4-7 days;

[0037] S3, mixing preparation: filtering or centrifuging the fermentation liquid to obtain a concentrated bacterial liquid, and mixing the concentrated bacterial liquid with a carrier so that the microbial cells in the bacterial liquid are uniformly adsorbed on the carrier to ensure the quality of the bacterial liquid;

[0038] In S3, when the concentrated bacterial solution is mixed with the carrier, the rotation speed is 300-350 r / min, the stirring time is 10-20 min, and the temperature range is 30-50°C.

[0039] S4. Detection application: Observe the color, odor, moisture content, and pH value of the bacterial agent, and conduct laboratory simulated fermentation tests to observe the changes in straw before and after the bacterial agent treatment.

[0040] The microbial agent prepared in the embodiment was used, and two microbial agents on the market were extracted as comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.

[0041] One of them is a straw microbial decomposition agent and its preparation method (Announcement No. CN107227268A) as a comparative example 1

[0042] A microbial agent for straw composting and its preparation method (Announcement No. CN105331563A) is a comparative example 2

[0043] The main crop rotation pattern is early rice-late rice-rapeseed. After the early rice is harvested, all the straw is returned to the field, and no-tillage seedling broadcasting is implemented. The test crop is hybrid rice.

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Test results

[0047] Analysis of experimental results: Changes in straw: On the 4th day after the use of the microbial agent for straw composting and returning to the field, from the feel point of view, the straw that was not treated with the microbial agent of the present invention became slightly softer, while the straw that was treated with the microbial agent of the present invention was very soft. That is, after using the microbial agent of the present invention, the decomposition cycle of corn straw was significantly shortened, and the corrosion effect was better.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A microbial agent for rapid straw decomposition, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following weight percentages: 10-30% of microbial strains, 5-15% of nutrients, 40-70% of carriers, 2-4% of stabilizers, 1-2% of pH regulators, 1-2% of enzyme preparations, and 1-2% of plant growth regulators.

2. A straw rapid decomposition microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial strains are one or more of cellulose degrading bacteria, hemicellulose degrading bacteria, and lignin degrading bacteria; Among them, cellulose degrading bacteria include Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, etc., hemicellulose degrading bacteria include Bacillus subtilis, etc., and lignin degrading bacteria include white rot fungi, Aspergillus niger, etc.

3. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrients are nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source and trace elements; The nitrogen source is urea, the phosphorus source is phosphate, the potassium source is potassium chloride, and the trace elements are one or more of calcium, magnesium and iron.

4. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier is divided into an organic carrier and an inorganic carrier, wherein the organic carrier is rice bran or bran, and the inorganic carrier is diatomaceous earth; The stabilizer is one or more of sodium alginate, xanthan gum, and polyvinyl alcohol; the pH regulator is phosphoric acid; and the plant growth regulator is gibberellin and auxin.

5. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The production method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps: S1. Selection and proportion of microorganisms: First, select microorganisms according to the requirements of straw composting, and determine the proportions of cellulose-degrading bacteria, hemicellulose-degrading bacteria, and lignin-degrading bacteria; S2, fermentation culture: the selected bacteria are cultured on a suitable culture medium, and the culture conditions are controlled, the bacteria obtained by the fermentation culture are cultured in a fermenter, and the culture conditions are adjusted during the fermentation process, and nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators are added to obtain a fermentation liquid; S3, mixing preparation: filtering or centrifuging the fermentation liquid to obtain a concentrated bacterial liquid, and mixing the concentrated bacterial liquid with a carrier so that the microbial cells in the bacterial liquid are uniformly adsorbed on the carrier to ensure the quality of the bacterial liquid; S4. Detection application: Observe the color, odor, water content, and pH value of the bacterial agent, and conduct laboratory simulated fermentation tests to observe the changes in straw before and after the bacterial agent treatment.

6. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the S1, cellulose degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, hemicellulose degrading bacteria account for 5-15%, lignin degrading bacteria account for 5-10%, and the microbial agent further comprises 1-3% yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

7. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fermentation liquid in the fermentation tank in S2 has a temperature range of 25-35° C., a humidity of 60-70%, a pH value of 7, and a fermentation time of 15-30 days.

8. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 5, characterized in that: After adding nutrients, stabilizers, pH regulators, enzyme preparations and plant growth regulators in S2, fermentation parameters need to be monitored and the compost needs to be turned regularly for 4-7 days.

9. The microbial agent for rapid decomposition of straw according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, when the concentrated bacterial liquid is mixed with the carrier, the rotation speed is 300-350 r / min, the stirring time is 10-20 min, and the temperature range is 30-50°C.

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