Fermentation tank of grape wine experimental equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a wine experimental equipment fermentation tank, and relates to the technical field of fermentation equipment.The wine experimental equipment fermentation tank is provided with a 5T assembly tank and at least two rows of 100L experimental tanks, at least 12 100L experimental tanks can effectively meet orthogonal experimental requirements, fermentation tests under different technological parameters are achieved, all the experimental tanks are independently controlled, and therefore the experimental efficiency is improved. According to the present invention, the test independence can be ensured so as to ensure the comparable performance, the stirring mechanism can ensure the stirring, the CIP cleaning mechanism can achieve the automatic cleaning effect so as to prevent the mutual influence among different tests, and the slag removing mechanism can effectively and completely discharge the bottom waste slag difficult to clean and discharge so as to improve the cleaning ability; according to the invention, a small test can be carried out in the small tank, an experiment with good fermentation performance can be used as a seed solution to be inoculated into the 5T assembly tank for fermentation, the experiment is more efficient than other equipment as an amplification experiment, and meanwhile, fermentation raw wine among the small tanks can be mutually blended, so that the wine mixing is more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wine fermentation experimental equipment, in particular to a wine experimental equipment fermentation tank. Background Art

[0002] Wine fermentation is the process of adding artificial yeast to grape slurry for fermentation. Alcohol, carbon dioxide and heat are produced during the fermentation process. During wine fermentation, parameters such as temperature, yeast amount, pH, fermentation time, crushing degree, sugar content, etc. have a great impact on the quality of the wine. For example, too high or too low temperature will affect or terminate the fermentation, so temperature control is very important. Fermentation time will have a great impact on the alcohol content and taste. pH will also affect the fermentation effect of the wine. For example, different wines have different fermentation requirements. The fermentation temperature of white wine is lower than that of red wine, so that the aroma of the wine appears more delicate. In order to extract the color and tannins from the skin more quickly, the fermentation temperature of red wine is slightly higher than that of white wine.

[0003] However, in practice, the fermentation parameters are not only related to these parameters, but also to the properties of the grapes used. For example, the sugar content and composition of grapes are different, and the fermentation parameters are also different. Therefore, in order to ensure the taste of fermentation and the quality of batch production, it is necessary to conduct orthogonal experiments on the fermentation parameters of grape fermentation so that fermentation can be carried out under the optimal parameter process to ensure the quality of batch production.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of wine experimental equipment fermentation equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a wine experimental equipment fermentation equipment, comprising: a 5T assembly tank, the 5T assembly tank is fixed to one side of a base by a bottom support frame and / or a side support frame, and an assembly feed port is arranged on the top or side wall of the 5T assembly tank; a 100L experimental tank, the 100L experimental tank is multiple, and the multiple 100L experimental tanks include at least two rows, each row of the 100L experimental tanks includes at least six 100L experimental tanks arranged at intervals, each of the 100L experimental tanks is connected in parallel to the 5T assembly tank, and a branch feed port is arranged on the top or side wall of each of the 100L experimental tanks; a connecting main pipe, one end of the connecting main pipe is connected to the 5T assembly tank, and the other end of the connecting main pipe extends between the two rows of 100L experimental tanks, and an assembly switch valve is arranged on the connecting end of the connecting main pipe located at the 5T assembly tank; a connecting branch pipe, the connecting branch pipe is multiple, and each Each of the 100L experimental tanks is connected to a corresponding connecting branch pipe, each of the connecting branch pipes is connected to the connecting main pipe, and each of the connecting branch pipes is provided with a branch pipe switch valve; a stirring mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks is provided with a corresponding stirring mechanism, each of the stirring mechanisms is controlled separately, and the stirring mechanism is used to stir the slurry in the 100L experimental tank; a CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks is provided with a corresponding CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the CIP cleaning mechanisms is controlled separately, and the CIP cleaning mechanism is used to clean the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank and the stirring mechanism; a slag cleaning mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks and the 5T assembly tank is provided with a corresponding slag cleaning mechanism at the bottom, each of the slag cleaning mechanisms is controlled separately, and the slag cleaning mechanism is used to clean the bottom of the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank and the 5T assembly tank.

[0006] Furthermore, preferably, the inner wall or outer wall of each of the 100L experimental tank and the 5T assembly tank is provided with a liquid cooling jacket, and a liquid cooling flow channel is provided in the liquid cooling jacket. The liquid cooling flow channels on each of the 100L experimental tank and the 5T assembly tank are circulated and connected with their own liquid cooling supply systems. The liquid cooling supply system supplies circulating coolant to the liquid cooling jacket, and the liquid cooling supply systems corresponding to each of the 100L experimental tank and the 5T assembly tank are individually controlled.

[0007] Each of the connecting branch pipes extends into the bottom wall of the corresponding 100L experimental tank, and a forward and reverse delivery pump is provided on the connecting main pipe. The forward and reverse delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the 5T assembly tank to each 100L experimental tank during forward delivery, and by controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve and each branch pipe switch valve, and by controlling the reverse delivery of the forward and reverse delivery pump, one or more 100L experimental tank liquids can be delivered as seed liquid and introduced into the 5T assembly tank.

[0008] Further, as a preference, a pressure gauge and a temperature gauge are provided on the top of each of the 100L test tank and the 5T assembly tank, the temperature gauge is electrically connected to a thermocouple located in the tank body, the thermocouple extends into the bottom of the tank body, and the pressure gauge is detected by a pressure sensor located in the tank body;

[0009] Each of the connecting branch pipes is also provided with a forward and reverse mixing pump. By controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve and each branch pipe switch valve, and by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse mixing pump, the 100L experimental tanks can be connected and transported to each other, thereby realizing mutual mixing between the 100L experimental tanks.

[0010] Further, as a preference, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the center position of the support plate seat; a support plate seat, which is connected to the bolt plate seat by a plurality of connecting bolts, and the bolt plate seat is fixed on the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank, and there is a certain spacing distance between the support plate seat and the tank cover; a stirring main shaft, which is fixed on the output shaft of the stirring motor, and the stirring main shaft extends into the 100L experimental tank; an upper stirring blade group, which is fixed on the upper part of the stirring main shaft; a lower stirring blade group, which is fixed on the lower part of the stirring main shaft; wherein the upper stirring blade group and the lower stirring blade group each include three or four stirring blades arranged in a circular array around the stirring main shaft, the stirring blades are a three-section bending structure, and the stirring blades are densely provided with a plurality of through stirring holes.

[0011] Further, as a preference, the CIP cleaning mechanism includes: a cleaning nozzle group, the cleaning nozzle includes a plurality of cleaning nozzles arranged in an array inside the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank, and the cleaning nozzles are arranged downward; a cleaning liquid joint, the cleaning liquid joint is arranged at the top of the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank, the lower end of the cleaning liquid joint passes through the tank cover and is connected with the cleaning nozzle, and the upper end of the cleaning liquid joint is connected with a cleaning liquid supply pump; a first nozzle, the first nozzle is arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the first nozzle is arranged toward the upper stirring blade group so as to spray water to clean the upper stirring blade group; a second nozzle, the second nozzle is arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the second nozzle is arranged toward the lower stirring blade group so as to spray water to clean the lower stirring blade group; a third nozzle, the third nozzle is arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the third nozzle is arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank so as to directly spray water to clean the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank.

[0012] Further, as a preference, the CIP cleaning mechanism also includes a nozzle protection mechanism, which includes: a protection cylinder, which is fixed to the support plate seat; a protection ring plate, which is slidably arranged in the tank body, and the upper end of the protection ring plate is connected to the output end of the protection cylinder; an avoidance groove, a position on the protection ring plate corresponding to the cleaning nozzle is provided with an avoidance groove, and when the protection cylinder drives the protection ring plate to move up and down, the cleaning nozzle can pass through the avoidance groove; a sealing protection plate, which is slidably arranged in the avoidance groove above the protection ring plate, and the sealing protection plate can slide to a position to block the avoidance groove, and the sealing protection plate can slide to a position completely leaving the avoidance groove; a sliding The sliding-driven linear actuator is installed above the protective ring plate, and the output end of the sliding-driven linear actuator is connected to the sealing protective plate to drive the sealing protective plate to move; wherein, when the stirring mechanism is performing a stirring operation and the CIP cleaning mechanism is not operating, the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move downward, so that the cleaning nozzle is located between the protective ring plate and the tank cover, and the sliding-driven linear actuator drives the sealing protective plate to slide to a position that blocks the avoidance groove to prevent the liquid from contaminating the cleaning nozzle during stirring. When the cleaning operation is performed, the sliding-driven linear actuator drives the sealing protective plate to slide to a position away from the avoidance groove, and the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move upward, so that the cleaning nozzle extends out from the avoidance groove.

[0013] Further, as a preference, the CIP cleaning mechanism also includes a cleaning nozzle, a circular array of the cleaning nozzle is arranged on the stirring main shaft, and the stirring main shaft is a hollow shaft, the hollow cavity of the stirring main shaft is connected to the cleaning nozzle, and the cleaning nozzle is arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank; a rotating joint sleeve, the rotating joint sleeve is arranged between the tank cover and the stirring main shaft; the side wall of the rotating joint sleeve is provided with a connecting interface connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe of the cleaning liquid supply pump, and the connecting interface is connected to the hollow cavity.

[0014] Further, as a preference, the slag cleaning mechanism comprises: a slag cleaning suction pipe, which is rotatably inserted into and installed on the bottom wall of the 100L experimental tank or the 5T tank; a slag cleaning suction hole, which is multiple and arranged at intervals on the slag cleaning suction pipe; a slag cleaning stirring knife frame, which is a frame-shaped structure, and the slag cleaning stirring knife frame is fixedly sleeved on the slag cleaning suction pipe, and anti-blocking blade teeth are arranged on the vertical edge walls of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame, and a plurality of horizontal sheets are arranged in the frame of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame, and the horizontal sheets A blade hole is provided on it; a driving tube, the driving tube is coaxially connected to the slag cleaning suction tube by a connecting tube, and the connecting tube is rotatably connected to the tank bottom by a rotary seal; a suction and stirring rotating motor, the suction and stirring rotating motor is fixed on one side of the tank bottom, and the output shaft of the suction and stirring rotating motor is driven to the driving tube by a belt; a suction joint, the suction joint is connected with the sleeve at the lower end of the driving tube, and the sleeve and the driving tube are connected by a rotary seal, and the suction joint is connected with the slag cleaning suction pump through a slag discharge pipe.

[0015] Further, as a preference, the slag cleaning mechanism also includes: a slag cleaning injection capillary tube, the slag cleaning injection capillary tube extending into the slag cleaning suction tube; a slag cleaning injection nozzle, the slag cleaning injection nozzle is located at the upper end of the slag cleaning suction tube and extends from one of the slag cleaning suction holes, the slag cleaning injection nozzle is connected with the upper end of the slag cleaning injection capillary tube; a slag cleaning injection joint, the slag cleaning injection joint is connected with the lower end of the slag cleaning injection capillary tube, the slag cleaning injection joint is connected with a slag cleaning injection pump, a suction chamber is constructed between the inner wall of the slag cleaning suction tube and the outer wall of the slag cleaning injection capillary tube, the suction chamber is connected with the slag cleaning suction hole and the suction joint.

[0016] Further, as a preference, the 100L experimental tank is also provided with an experimental circulation mechanism, the experimental circulation mechanism includes a circulation pump and a circulation pipe, the circulation pump is fixed to the side wall of the 100L experimental tank, the input end of the circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the 100L experimental tank through the bottom pipe of the circulation pipe, and the output end of the circulation pump is connected to the top of the 100L experimental tank through the top pipe of the circulation pipe; the 5T assembly tank is also provided with an assembly tank circulation mechanism, the assembly tank circulation mechanism includes an assembly circulation pump and an assembly circulation pipe, the assembly circulation pump is fixed to the top of the 5T assembly tank, the The input end of the assembly circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the 5T assembly tank through the assembly bottom pipe of the assembly circulation pipe, and the output end of the assembly circulation pump is connected to the top of the 5T assembly tank through the assembly top pipe of the assembly circulation pipe; the 100L experimental tank is provided with an experimental tank inspection port, and the 5T assembly tank is provided with an assembly tank inspection port. Both the 100L experimental tank and the 5T assembly tank are provided with sampling joints, and the sampling joints on the 5T assembly tank are multiple and arranged at intervals in the upper and lower parts. The bottom or top of the 5T assembly tank is also provided with a water injection pipe and a spare water outlet pipe, and the experimental tank is also provided with a spare feeding joint.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a wine experimental equipment fermentation equipment, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In the present invention, while a 5T assembly tank is provided, at least two rows of 100L experimental tanks are also provided, and each row of 100L experimental tanks includes at least six 100L experimental tanks arranged at intervals. In this way, at least 12 100L experimental tanks can effectively meet the requirements of orthogonal experiments and realize fermentation tests under different process parameters. Each experimental tank of the present invention is individually controlled to ensure the independence of the test, thereby ensuring comparable performance. At the same time, the present invention is also provided with a stirring mechanism, which can effectively ensure stirring, and a CIP cleaning mechanism is also provided, which can realize automatic cleaning, prevent mutual influence between different tests, and improve test efficiency. The present invention is also provided with a slag cleaning mechanism, which can effectively discharge the waste slag that is difficult to clean and difficult to remove at the bottom, thereby improving the cleaning ability.

[0019] In the present invention, an upper and lower stirring blade group is provided in the stirring mechanism, and the stirring blade is a three-section bending structure. This structure can achieve different stirring effects when the stirring motor is in the forward and reverse rotation state, and can achieve stirring under different resistances, thereby achieving stirring with different effects, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency and uniformity. The CIP cleaning mechanism of the present invention can realize the cleaning of the inner wall and the stirring device, and a nozzle protection mechanism is also provided to avoid contamination of the nozzle during stirring, thereby preventing the problem that the smaller and easily contaminated nozzle is difficult to clean. Moreover, during cleaning, a cleaning nozzle can also be provided, and the cleaning nozzle can directly clean the inner wall, and the first nozzle and the second nozzle can be used in conjunction with the stirring blade group. When the first nozzle and the second nozzle spray and clean the stirring blade, the stirring blade can also rotate, and the water droplets sprayed on the stirring blade are sprayed toward the inner wall at high speed under reflection, thereby achieving the cleaning of the inner wall of the tank body;

[0020] In the present invention, the slag cleaning mechanism can effectively discharge the slag liquid at the bottom of the tank, and the rotating slag cleaning stirring knife frame can prevent the slag from being blocked and accumulated, making it easy to extract the slag material. At the same time, water can be sprayed to the bottom of the tank to realize the rapid and cyclic extraction of the slag liquid, thereby improving the slag cleaning ability and slag cleaning effect.

[0021] In the present invention, a forward and reverse delivery pump is provided on the connecting main pipe, and the forward and reverse delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the 5T assembly tank to each 100L experimental tank when delivering in the forward direction, and by controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve and each branch pipe switch valve, and by controlling the reverse delivery of the forward and reverse delivery pump, one or more 100L experimental tank 2 liquids can be delivered as seed liquid and introduced into the 5T assembly tank. In this way, a small test can be carried out in a small tank first, and the experiment with good fermentation performance can be used as seed liquid and inoculated into the 5T assembly tank for fermentation. As an enlarged experiment, it is more efficient than other equipment.

[0022] In the present invention, each of the connecting branch pipes 6 is also provided with a forward and reverse blending pump. By controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve 4 and each branch pipe switch valve 5, and by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse blending pump, the 100L experimental tanks 2 can be interconnected and transported, thereby realizing mutual blending between the 100L experimental tanks 2. In this way, the fermented raw wine between the small tanks can be blended with each other, making the blending more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a wine experimental equipment fermentation equipment;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top-side three-dimensional structural diagram of a wine experimental equipment fermentation device;

[0025] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a 100L experimental tank of a wine experimental equipment fermentation device;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a stirring mechanism and a cleaning mechanism of a wine experimental equipment fermentation device;

[0027] Figure 5 A wine experimental equipment fermentation equipment Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a top-down three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a stirring mechanism and a cleaning mechanism in a wine experimental equipment fermentation device;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a protection mechanism in a wine experimental equipment fermentation device when the cleaning nozzle extends out of the avoidance groove in a non-protective state;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cleaning nozzle in a wine experimental equipment fermentation device under the protection state of a protection mechanism;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slag removal mechanism in a wine experimental equipment fermentation device;

[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of a liquid cooling jacket in a wine experimental equipment fermentation device.

[0033] In the figure: 1. 5T assembly tank; 2. 100L experimental tank; 3. connecting main pipe; 4. assembly switch valve; 5. branch pipe switch valve; 6. connecting branch pipe; 7. slag cleaning mechanism; 8. bottom support frame; 9. temperature gauge; 10. pressure gauge; 11. assembly tank inspection port; 12. side support frame; 13. assembly circulation pump; 14. assembly circulation pipe; 15. sampling joint; 16. spare water outlet pipe; 17. water injection pipe; 18. slag discharge pipe; 19. tank cover; 20. circulation pipe; 21. circulation pump; 22. experimental tank inspection port; 23. spare feeding joint; 24. cleaning liquid joint; 25. support plate seat; 26. stirring motor; 27. protective cylinder; 28. cleaning nozzle; 2 9. Protective ring plate; 30. Stirring main shaft; 31. Lower stirring blade group; 32. Upper stirring blade group; 33. Sealing protective plate; 34. Sliding drive linear actuator; 35. First nozzle; 36. Second nozzle; 37. Third nozzle; 38. Bolt plate seat; 39. Cleaning nozzle; 40. Avoidance groove; 41. Tank bottom wall; 42. Slag cleaning suction hole; 43. Connecting tube; 44. Driving pipe; 45. Suction joint; 46. Slag cleaning injection joint; 47. Rotating seal; 48. Suction and stirring rotating motor; 49. Belt drive; 50. Slag cleaning and stirring knife frame; 51. Anti-blocking knife teeth; 52. Blade hole; 53. Slag cleaning suction pipe; 54. Slag cleaning injection nozzle; 55. Liquid cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned description of the drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, which is merely a way of distinguishing the objects of the same attributes when describing them in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of units need not be limited to those units, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0035] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10In an embodiment of the present invention, a wine experimental equipment fermentation device is provided, which includes a 5T assembly tank 1, the 5T assembly tank 1 is fixed to one side of the base by a bottom support frame 8 and / or a side support frame 12, and the top or side wall of the 5T assembly tank 1 is provided with an assembly inlet; a 100L experimental tank 2, the 100L experimental tank 2 is multiple, and the multiple 100L experimental tanks 2 include at least two rows, and each row of the 100L experimental tanks 2 includes at least six 100L experimental tanks 2 arranged at intervals. L experimental tank 2, each of the 100L experimental tanks 2 is connected in parallel to the 5T assembly tank 1, and a branch feed port is provided on the top or side wall of each of the 100L experimental tanks 2; a connecting main pipe 3, one end of the connecting main pipe 3 is connected to the 5T assembly tank 1, and the other end of the connecting main pipe 3 extends between two rows of 100L experimental tanks 2, and an assembly switch valve 4 is provided on the connecting end of the connecting main pipe 3 located at the 5T assembly tank 1; a connecting branch pipe 6, and the connecting branch pipe 6 is multiple, each Each of the 100L experimental tanks 2 is connected to a corresponding connecting branch pipe 6, each of the connecting branch pipes 6 is connected to the connecting main pipe 3, and each of the connecting branch pipes 6 is provided with a branch pipe switch valve 5; a stirring mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks 2 is provided with a corresponding stirring mechanism, each of the stirring mechanisms is controlled separately, and the stirring mechanism is used to stir the slurry in the 100L experimental tank 2; a CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks 2 is provided with a corresponding CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the CIP cleaning mechanisms is controlled separately, and the CIP cleaning mechanism is used to clean the inner wall and the stirring mechanism of the 100L experimental tank 2; a slag cleaning mechanism 7, each of the 100L experimental tanks 2 and the bottom of the 5T assembly tank 1 is provided with a corresponding slag cleaning mechanism 7, each of the slag cleaning mechanisms 7 is controlled separately, and the slag cleaning mechanism 7 is used to clean the bottom of the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the inner wall or outer wall of each of the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1 is provided with a liquid cooling jacket 56, and a liquid cooling flow channel 55 is provided in the liquid cooling jacket 56. The liquid cooling flow channels on each of the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1 are circulated and connected with their own liquid cooling supply systems. The liquid cooling supply system supplies circulating coolant to the liquid cooling jacket, and the liquid cooling supply systems corresponding to each of the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1 are controlled separately.

[0037] Each of the connecting branch pipes 6 extends into the bottom wall of the corresponding 100L experimental tank 2, and a forward and reverse delivery pump is provided on the connecting main pipe 3. The forward and reverse delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the 5T assembly tank 1 to each 100L experimental tank 2 during forward delivery, and by controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve 4 and each branch pipe switch valve 5, and by controlling the reverse delivery of the forward and reverse delivery pump, one or more 100L experimental tank 2 liquids can be delivered as seed liquid and introduced into the 5T assembly tank 1.

[0038] Among them, a pressure gauge 10 and a temperature gauge 9 are provided on the top of the tank body of each of the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1. The temperature gauge 9 is electrically connected to a thermocouple located in the tank body. The thermocouple extends into the bottom of the tank body. The pressure gauge 10 is detected by a pressure sensor located in the tank body.

[0039] Each of the connecting branch pipes 6 is also provided with a forward and reverse mixing pump. By controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve 4 and each branch pipe switch valve 5, and by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse mixing pump, the 100L experimental tanks 2 can be interconnected and transported, thereby realizing mutual mixing between the 100L experimental tanks 2.

[0040] Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor 26, and the stirring motor 26 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the center position of the support plate seat 25; the support plate seat 25, the support plate seat 25 is connected to the bolt plate seat 38 by a plurality of connecting bolts, the bolt plate seat 38 is fixed on the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank 2, and there is a certain spacing distance between the support plate seat 25 and the tank cover 19; the stirring spindle 30, the stirring spindle 30 is fixed on the stirring motor 26, and the stirring main shaft 30 extends into the 100L experimental tank 2; an upper stirring blade group 32, the upper stirring blade group 32 is fixed to the upper part of the stirring main shaft 30; a lower stirring blade group 31, the lower stirring blade group 31 is fixed to the lower part of the stirring main shaft 30; wherein the upper stirring blade group 32 and the lower stirring blade group 31 each include three or four stirring blades arranged in a circular array around the stirring main shaft 30, the stirring blades are a three-section bending structure, and a plurality of through stirring holes are densely arranged on the stirring blades.

[0041] The CIP cleaning mechanism includes: a cleaning nozzle group, wherein the cleaning nozzle includes a plurality of cleaning nozzles 28 arranged in an array inside the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank 2, and the cleaning nozzles 28 are arranged downward; a cleaning liquid joint 24, wherein the cleaning liquid joint 24 is arranged on the top of the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank 2, wherein the lower end of the cleaning liquid joint 24 passes through the tank cover and is connected to the cleaning nozzle 28, and the upper end of the cleaning liquid joint is connected to the cleaning liquid supply pump; a first nozzle 35, wherein the first nozzle is connected and arranged at the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, The first nozzle 35 is arranged toward the upper stirring blade group 32 so as to spray water to clean the upper stirring blade group 32; the second nozzle 36, the second nozzle 36 is connected and arranged at the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the second nozzle is arranged toward the lower stirring blade group 31 so as to spray water to clean the lower stirring blade group 31; the third nozzle 37, the third nozzle is connected and arranged at the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the third nozzle 37 is arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank 2 so as to directly spray water to clean the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank 2.

[0042] The CIP cleaning mechanism also includes a nozzle protection mechanism, which includes: a protection cylinder 27, which is fixed on the support plate seat 25; a protection ring plate 29, which is slidably arranged in the tank body, and the upper end of the protection ring plate 29 is connected to the output end of the protection cylinder; an avoidance groove 40, the position of the protection ring plate corresponding to the cleaning nozzle is provided with an avoidance groove 40, when the protection cylinder drives the protection ring plate to move up and down, the cleaning nozzle can pass through the avoidance groove 40; a sealing protection plate 33, which is slidably arranged at the avoidance groove 40 above the protection ring plate, and the sealing protection plate 33 can slide to a position to block the avoidance groove, and the sealing protection plate 33 can slide to a position completely leaving the avoidance groove 40 ; A sliding-driven linear actuator 34, wherein the sliding-driven linear actuator 34 is installed above the protective ring plate, and the output end of the sliding-driven linear actuator 34 is connected to the sealing protective plate so as to drive the sealing protective plate 33 to move; wherein, when the stirring mechanism is performing a stirring operation and the CIP cleaning mechanism is not operating, the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move downward so that the cleaning nozzle is located between the protective ring plate and the tank cover, and the sliding-driven linear actuator drives the sealing protective plate 33 to slide to a position that blocks the avoidance groove 40 so as to prevent the liquid from contaminating the cleaning nozzle during stirring; when the cleaning operation is performed, the sliding-driven linear actuator 34 drives the sealing protective plate to slide to a position away from the avoidance groove, and the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move upward so that the cleaning nozzle extends from the avoidance groove.

[0043] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 2 is that, in this embodiment, the CIP cleaning mechanism also includes a cleaning nozzle 39, and the cleaning nozzle is arranged in a circular array on the stirring main shaft 30, and the stirring main shaft 30 is a hollow shaft, the hollow cavity of the stirring main shaft 30 is connected with the cleaning nozzle 39, and the cleaning nozzle is arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank 2; a rotating joint sleeve, the rotating joint sleeve is arranged between the tank cover and the stirring main shaft 30; the side wall of the rotating joint sleeve is provided with a connecting interface connected to the cleaning liquid supply pipe of the cleaning liquid supply pump, and the connecting interface is connected with the hollow cavity.

[0044] The slag cleaning mechanism 7 includes: a slag cleaning suction pipe 53, which is rotatably inserted into the bottom wall 41 of the 100L experimental tank 2 or the 5T tank; a slag cleaning suction hole 42, which is multiple and arranged at intervals on the slag cleaning suction pipe; a slag cleaning stirring knife frame 50, which is a frame-shaped structure, and the slag cleaning stirring knife frame is fixedly sleeved on the slag cleaning suction pipe, and the vertical edge wall of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame 50 is provided with anti-blocking blade teeth 51, and the frame of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame 50 is provided with a plurality of horizontal sheets, and the horizontal sheets are provided with blade holes 52 ; a driving tube 44, the driving tube 44 is coaxially connected to the slag cleaning suction tube by a connecting tube 43, the connecting tube 43 is rotatably connected to the tank bottom by a rotary seal; a suction and stirring rotating motor 48, the suction and stirring rotating motor 48 is fixed to one side of the tank bottom, the output shaft of the suction and stirring rotating motor 48 is transmitted to the driving tube by a belt drive 49; a suction joint 45, the suction joint 45 is connected to the sleeve at the lower end of the driving tube, and the sleeve and the driving tube 44 are connected by a rotary seal 47, and the suction joint 45 is connected to the slag cleaning suction pump through the slag discharge pipe 18.

[0045] Embodiment 4: The difference from Embodiments 1-3 lies in that, in the present embodiment, the slag cleaning mechanism 7 further comprises: a slag cleaning injection capillary, the slag cleaning injection capillary extending into the slag cleaning suction tube; a slag cleaning injection nozzle 54, the slag cleaning injection nozzle 54 is located at the upper end of the slag cleaning suction tube and extends from one of the slag cleaning suction holes, the slag cleaning injection nozzle 54 is connected with the upper end of the slag cleaning injection capillary; a slag cleaning injection joint 46, the slag cleaning injection joint 46 is connected with the lower end of the slag cleaning injection capillary, the slag cleaning injection joint is connected with a slag cleaning injection pump, a suction chamber is constructed between the inner wall of the slag cleaning suction tube and the outer wall of the slag cleaning injection capillary, the suction chamber is connected with the slag cleaning suction hole and the suction joint.

[0046] The 100L experimental tank 2 is also provided with an experimental circulation mechanism, which includes a circulation pump 21 and a circulation pipe 20. The circulation pump is fixed to the side wall of the 100L experimental tank 2. The input end of the circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the 100L experimental tank 2 through the bottom pipe of the circulation pipe 20, and the output end of the circulation pump is connected to the top of the 100L experimental tank 2 through the top pipe of the circulation pipe 20. The 5T assembly tank 1 is also provided with an assembly tank circulation mechanism, which includes an assembly tank circulation pump 13 and an assembly circulation pipe 14. The assembly circulation pump is fixed to the top of the 5T assembly tank 1. The input end of the assembly circulation pump The assembly bottom pipe of the assembly circulation pipe 14 is connected to the bottom of the 5T assembly tank 1, and the output end of the assembly circulation pump is connected to the top of the 5T assembly tank 1 through the assembly top pipe of the assembly circulation pipe 14; the 100L experimental tank 2 is provided with an experimental tank maintenance port 22, and the 5T assembly tank 1 is provided with an assembly tank maintenance port 11, and the 100L experimental tank 2 and the 5T assembly tank 1 are both provided with sampling joints 15, and the sampling joints 15 on the 5T assembly tank 1 are multiple and arranged at intervals in the upper and lower parts, and the bottom or top of the 5T assembly tank 1 is also provided with a water injection pipe 17 and a spare water outlet pipe 16, and the experimental tank is also provided with a spare feeding joint 23.

[0047] The present invention is provided with a 5T assembly tank and at least two rows of 100L experimental tanks, each row of 100L experimental tanks includes at least six 100L experimental tanks arranged at intervals, so that at least 12 100L experimental tanks can effectively meet the requirements of orthogonal experiments and realize fermentation tests under different process parameters. The various experimental tanks of the present invention are individually controlled to ensure the independence of the tests, thereby ensuring comparable performance. At the same time, the present invention is also provided with a stirring mechanism, which can effectively ensure stirring, and a CIP cleaning mechanism is also provided, which can realize automatic cleaning, prevent mutual influence between different tests, and improve test efficiency. The present invention is also provided with a slag cleaning mechanism, which can effectively discharge the waste slag that is difficult to clean and difficult to remove at the bottom, thereby improving the cleaning ability. In the present invention, the stirring mechanism is provided with an upper and lower stirring blade group, and the stirring blade is a three-section bending structure. This structure can achieve different stirring effects under the forward and reverse rotation state of the stirring motor, realize stirring under different resistances, and then realize stirring with different effects, thereby improving the fermentation efficiency and uniformity. The CIP cleaning mechanism of the present invention can realize the cleaning of the inner wall and the stirring device, and also provides a nozzle protection mechanism to avoid contamination of the nozzle during stirring, thereby preventing the problem that the smaller and easily contaminated nozzle is difficult to clean. Moreover, during cleaning, a cleaning nozzle can also be provided, and the cleaning nozzle can directly clean the inner wall, and the first nozzle and the second nozzle can be used in conjunction with the stirring blade group. When the first nozzle and the second nozzle spray and clean the stirring blade, the stirring blade can also rotate, and the water droplets sprayed on the stirring blade are sprayed to the inner wall at a high speed under reflection, so as to realize the cleaning of the inner wall of the tank body; the slag cleaning mechanism of the present invention can effectively realize the discharge of the slag liquid at the bottom of the tank, and the rotating slag cleaning stirring knife frame can prevent the slag from being blocked and accumulated, so as to facilitate the extraction of the slag material, and at the same time, water can be sprayed to the bottom of the tank to realize the rapid and cyclic extraction of the slag liquid, thereby improving the slag cleaning ability and slag cleaning effect.

[0048] In the present invention, a forward and reverse delivery pump is provided on the connecting main pipe, and the forward and reverse delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the 5T assembly tank to each 100L experimental tank when delivering in the forward direction, and by controlling the opening and closing state of the assembly switch valve and each branch switch valve, and by controlling the forward and reverse delivery pump to deliver in the reverse direction, one or more 100L experimental tank 2 liquids can be delivered as seed liquid and introduced into the 5T assembly tank, so that a small test can be carried out in a small tank first, and the experiment with good fermentation performance can be used as seed liquid and inoculated into the 5T assembly tank for fermentation, which is more efficient as an amplified experiment compared with other equipment. In the present invention, a forward and reverse blending pump is also provided on each of the connecting branch pipes 6, and by controlling the opening and closing state of the assembly switch valve 4 and each branch switch valve 5, and by controlling the forward and reverse state of the forward and reverse blending pump, each 100L experimental tank 2 can be connected and delivered to each other, thereby realizing the mutual blending between the 100L experimental tanks 2, so that the fermented original wine between the small tanks can be blended with each other, making the blending more flexible.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank, characterized in that: It includes: A 5T assembly tank (1), wherein the 5T assembly tank (1) is fixed to one side of a base using a bottom support frame (8) and / or a side support frame (12), and an assembly feed port is provided on the top or side wall of the 5T assembly tank (1); 100L experimental tank (2), the 100L experimental tank (2) is multiple, and the multiple 100L experimental tanks (2) include at least two rows, each row of the 100L experimental tank (2) includes at least six 100L experimental tanks (2) arranged at intervals, each of the 100L experimental tanks (2) is connected in parallel to the 5T assembly tank (1), and a branch feed port is provided on the top or side wall of each 100L experimental tank (2); A connecting main pipe (3), one end of the connecting main pipe (3) being connected to the 5T assembly tank (1), the other end of the connecting main pipe (3) extending between two rows of 100L experimental tanks (2), and an assembly switch valve (4) being provided on the connecting end of the connecting main pipe (3) located at the 5T assembly tank (1); A connecting branch pipe (6), wherein there are a plurality of connecting branch pipes (6), each of the 100L experimental tanks (2) is connected to a corresponding connecting branch pipe (6), each of the connecting branch pipes (6) is connected to the connecting main pipe (3), and each of the connecting branch pipes (6) is provided with a branch pipe switch valve (5); A stirring mechanism, each of the 100L experimental tanks (2) is provided with a stirring mechanism, each stirring mechanism is controlled separately, and the stirring mechanism is used to stir the slurry in the 100L experimental tank (2); A CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the 100L test tanks (2) is provided with a corresponding CIP cleaning mechanism, each of the CIP cleaning mechanisms is controlled separately, and the CIP cleaning mechanism is used to clean the inner wall and stirring mechanism of the 100L test tank (2); A slag cleaning mechanism (7), wherein a corresponding slag cleaning mechanism (7) is provided at the bottom of each of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1), and each of the slag cleaning mechanisms (7) is controlled separately. The slag cleaning mechanism (7) is used to perform slag cleaning on the bottom of the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1).

2. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall or outer wall of each of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1) is provided with a liquid cooling jacket (56), and a liquid cooling flow channel (55) is provided in the liquid cooling jacket (56). The liquid cooling flow channel on each of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1) is circulated and connected to a respective liquid cooling supply system, and the liquid cooling supply system supplies circulating coolant to the liquid cooling jacket, and the liquid cooling supply system corresponding to each of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1) is controlled separately; Each of the connecting branch pipes (6) extends into the bottom wall of the corresponding 100L experimental tank (2), and the connecting main pipe (3) is provided with a forward and reverse delivery pump. The forward and reverse delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the 5T assembly tank (1) to each of the 100L experimental tanks (2) during forward delivery, and can deliver the liquid in one or more 100L experimental tanks (2) as seed liquid into the 5T assembly tank (1) by controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve (4) and each of the branch pipe switch valves (5), and by controlling the forward and reverse delivery pump to deliver in reverse.

3. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure gauge (10) and a temperature gauge (9) are provided on the top of each of the 100L experimental tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank (1); the temperature gauge (9) is electrically connected to a thermocouple located in the tank body, the thermocouple extends into the bottom of the tank body, and the pressure gauge (10) is detected by a pressure sensor located in the tank body; Each of the connecting branch pipes (6) is also provided with a forward and reverse mixing pump. By controlling the opening and closing states of the assembly switch valve (4) and each branch pipe switch valve (5), and by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse mixing pump, the 100L experimental tanks (2) can be connected to each other for transportation, thereby achieving mutual mixing between the 100L experimental tanks (2).

4. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism comprises: A stirring motor (26), wherein the stirring motor (26) is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the center position of the support plate seat (25); A support plate seat (25), wherein the support plate seat (25) is connected to a bolt plate seat (38) by using a plurality of connecting bolts, the bolt plate seat (38) is fixed to the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank (2), and a certain spacing distance is provided between the support plate seat (25) and the tank cover (19); A stirring main shaft (30), the stirring main shaft (30) being fixed on the output shaft of the stirring motor (26), and the stirring main shaft (30) extending into the 100L experimental tank (2); an upper stirring blade assembly (32), wherein the upper stirring blade assembly (32) is fixed to an upper portion of the stirring main shaft (30); A lower stirring blade group (31), wherein the lower stirring blade group (31) is fixed to the lower part of the stirring main shaft (30); wherein: The upper stirring blade group (32) and the lower stirring blade group (31) both comprise three or four stirring blades arranged in a circular array around the stirring main shaft (30); the stirring blades are three-section bent structures, and a plurality of through stirring holes are densely arranged on the stirring blades.

5. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The CIP cleaning mechanism comprises: A cleaning nozzle group, the cleaning nozzle comprising a plurality of cleaning nozzles (28) arranged in an array inside the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank (2), and the cleaning nozzles (28) are arranged downward; a cleaning liquid joint (24), the cleaning liquid joint (24) being arranged on the top of the tank cover of the 100L experimental tank (2), the lower end of the cleaning liquid joint (24) passing through the tank cover and being connected to the cleaning nozzle (28), and the upper end of the cleaning liquid joint being connected to a cleaning liquid supply pump; a first nozzle (35), the first nozzle being arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, the first nozzle (35) being arranged toward the upper stirring blade group (32) so as to spray water to clean the upper stirring blade group (32); a second nozzle (36), the second nozzle (36) being arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, the second nozzle being arranged toward the lower stirring blade group (31) so as to spray water to clean the lower stirring blade group (31); A third nozzle (37) is arranged in communication with the lower end of the cleaning nozzle, and the third nozzle (37) is arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L test tank (2) so as to directly spray water to clean the inner wall of the 100L test tank (2).

6. A wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The CIP cleaning mechanism also includes: a nozzle protection mechanism, and the nozzle protection mechanism includes: A protective cylinder (27), wherein the protective cylinder (27) is fixed on the support plate seat (25); A protective ring plate (29), the protective ring plate (29) being arranged in the tank body so as to be slidable up and down, and the upper end of the protective ring plate (29) being connected to the output end of the protective cylinder; An avoidance groove (40), wherein the position of the protective ring plate corresponding to the cleaning nozzle is provided with an avoidance groove (40), and when the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move up and down, the cleaning nozzle can pass through the avoidance groove (40); A sealing protection plate (33), the sealing protection plate being slidably arranged at the avoidance groove (40) above the protection ring plate, the sealing protection plate (33) being able to slide to a position blocking the avoidance groove, and the sealing protection plate (33) being able to slide to a position completely away from the avoidance groove (40); A sliding driven linear actuator (34), wherein the sliding driven linear actuator (34) is installed above the protective ring plate, and an output end of the sliding driven linear actuator (34) is connected to the sealing protective plate so as to drive the sealing protective plate (33) to move; wherein, When the stirring mechanism is performing a stirring operation and the CIP cleaning mechanism is not operating, the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move downward so that the cleaning nozzle is located between the protective ring plate and the tank cover, and the sliding-driven linear actuator drives the sealing protective plate (33) to slide to a position to block the avoidance groove (40) so as to prevent the liquid from contaminating the cleaning nozzle during stirring. When the cleaning operation is performed, the sliding-driven linear actuator (34) drives the sealing protective plate to slide to a position away from the avoidance groove, and the protective cylinder drives the protective ring plate to move upward so that the cleaning nozzle extends out of the avoidance groove.

7. The wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The CIP cleaning mechanism also includes: cleaning nozzles (39), wherein a circumferential array of the cleaning nozzles is arranged on the stirring main shaft (30), and the stirring main shaft (30) is a hollow shaft, the hollow cavity of the stirring main shaft (30) is connected to the cleaning nozzles (39), and the cleaning nozzles are arranged toward the inner wall of the 100L experimental tank (2); A rotary joint sleeve is provided between the tank cover and the stirring main shaft (30); a side wall of the rotary joint sleeve is provided with a connecting interface connected to a cleaning liquid supply pipe of the cleaning liquid supply pump, and the connecting interface is connected to the hollow cavity.

8. The wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slag cleaning mechanism (7) comprises: A slag cleaning suction pipe (53), the slag cleaning suction pipe (53) being rotatably inserted into and installed in the tank bottom wall (41) of the 100L experimental tank (2) or the 5T tank; a slag cleaning suction hole (42), the slag cleaning suction holes (42) being multiple and arranged at intervals on the slag cleaning suction pipe; a slag cleaning stirring knife frame (50), the slag cleaning stirring knife frame (50) being a frame-shaped structure, and the slag cleaning stirring knife frame (50) being fixedly sleeved on the slag cleaning suction pipe, anti-blocking blade teeth (51) being arranged on the vertical edge walls of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame (50), and a plurality of horizontal sheets being arranged in the frame of the slag cleaning stirring knife frame (50), and blade holes (52) being arranged on the horizontal sheets; A driving pipe (44), the driving pipe (44) being coaxially connected to the slag removal suction pipe by means of a connecting tube (43), the connecting tube (43) being rotatably connected to the tank bottom by means of a rotary seal; A suction and agitation rotating motor (48), wherein the suction and agitation rotating motor (48) is fixed to one side of the tank bottom, and an output shaft of the suction and agitation rotating motor (48) is driven to the driving pipe via a belt; A suction joint (45), the suction joint (45) is connected to the sleeve at the lower end of the drive pipe, and the sleeve and the drive pipe (44) are connected by a rotary seal (47), and the suction joint (45) is connected to the slag removal suction pump through a slag discharge pipe (18).

9. The wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slag cleaning mechanism (7) further comprises: A slag cleaning injection capillary tube, wherein the slag cleaning injection capillary tube extends into the slag cleaning suction tube; a slag cleaning injection nozzle (54), the slag cleaning injection nozzle (54) being located at the upper end of the slag cleaning suction pipe and extending from one of the slag cleaning suction holes, the slag cleaning injection nozzle (54) being in communication with the upper end of the slag cleaning injection capillary tube; A slag cleaning injection joint (46), the slag cleaning injection joint (46) is connected to the lower end of the slag cleaning injection capillary, the slag cleaning injection joint is connected to a slag cleaning injection pump, a suction cavity is formed between the inner wall of the slag cleaning suction tube and the outer wall of the slag cleaning injection capillary, the suction cavity is connected to the slag cleaning suction hole and the suction joint.

10. The wine experimental equipment fermentation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 100L experimental tank (2) is also provided with an experimental circulation mechanism, which comprises: a circulation pump (21) and a circulation pipe (20), wherein: The circulation pump is fixed to the side wall of the 100L experimental tank (2); the input end of the circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the 100L experimental tank (2) through the bottom pipe of the circulation pipe (20); and the output end of the circulation pump is connected to the top of the 100L experimental tank (2) through the top pipe of the circulation pipe (20); The 5T assembly tank (1) is also provided with an assembly tank circulation mechanism, the assembly tank circulation mechanism comprising: an assembly circulation pump (13) and an assembly circulation pipe (14), wherein: The assembly circulation pump is fixed on the top of the 5T assembly tank (1); the input end of the assembly circulation pump is connected to the bottom of the 5T assembly tank (1) through the assembly bottom pipe of the assembly circulation pipe (14); the output end of the assembly circulation pump is connected to the top of the 5T assembly tank (1) through the assembly top pipe of the assembly circulation pipe (14); The 100L test tank 2 is provided with a test tank inspection port (22), the 5T assembly tank (1) is provided with an assembly tank inspection port (11), the 100L test tank (2) and the 5T assembly tank 1 are both provided with sampling joints (15, the sampling joints (15) on the 5T assembly tank 1 are multiple and arranged in intervals up and down, the bottom or top of the 5T assembly tank is also provided with a water injection pipe (17) and a spare water outlet pipe (16), and the test tank is also provided with a spare feed joint (23).

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