Silver metal recovery method for waste photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste photovoltaic panel silver metal recovery method, and relates to the technical field of waste photovoltaic panel silver recovery. The recycling method comprises the steps that silver wires on the surfaces of the photovoltaic panel waste materials are ground into powder, and the powder is collected; placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with an acid solution for reaction to obtain a reaction solution; adding a purifying agent into the reaction liquid to obtain a mixture; filtering the mixture to obtain filtrate; and the filtrate is placed in a container to be electroplated, and sediment attached to a cathode bar is the obtained metal elementary substance silver. According to the method, the environmental protection problem caused by the current photovoltaic panel decommissioning tide can be effectively solved, and silver in the waste photovoltaic panel waste materials can be effectively collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silver recovery from waste photovoltaic panels, and in particular to a method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation has become the third largest energy source after hydropower and wind power. Since photovoltaic modules are exposed to outdoor environment for a long time, the service life of solar panels is also limited. In the next few years, a large number of photovoltaic modules will be retired and abandoned in my country. There will also be a "scrap wave" of photovoltaic panels around the world. It is estimated that in 2030, the global waste photovoltaic modules will exceed 5 million tons, and even reach 80 million tons in 2050. How to recycle the silver metal in a large number of waste photovoltaic modules has become a difficult problem. In order to solve this technical problem, a method for recycling silver metal in waste photovoltaic panels is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for recycling silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the recycling method comprising: Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder; placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with acid solution to react, so as to obtain a reaction solution; adding a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture; The mixture is filtered to obtain a filtrate; The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating, and the sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the step of placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 30-90°C, the reactor pressure is <0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 10-150min.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the step of placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 40-80°C, the reactor pressure is <0.08MPa, and the reaction time is 20-120min.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the step of placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 60°C, the reactor pressure was <0.06MPa, and the reaction time was 80min.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the acid solution is a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the purifying agent is a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the current density of the electroplating is 0.1-10A / cm 2 .

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the current density of the electroplating is 0.3-8A / cm 2 .

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the current density of the electroplating is 5A / cm 2 .

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention grinds the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder, and collects the powder; places the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution for reaction to obtain a reaction solution; adds a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture; filters the mixture to obtain a filtrate; places the filtrate in a container for electroplating, and the sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver. The method of the present invention can effectively solve the environmental protection problems arising from the current photovoltaic panel retirement tide, and effectively collect silver from waste photovoltaic panel waste materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, and the method comprises the following steps S1-S5.

[0017] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0019] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 30-90°C, the reactor pressure is <0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 10-150min.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 40-80°C, the reactor pressure is <0.08MPa, and the reaction time is 20-120min.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 60°C, the reactor pressure was <0.06MPa, and the reaction time was 80min.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0024] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0026] S4, filtering the mixture to obtain a filtrate, wherein the filtering method includes centrifugation, filter pressing, suction filtration and the like.

[0027] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 0.1-10A / cm2 .

[0029] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 0.3-8A / cm 2 .

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 5A / cm 2 .

[0031] The method of the present invention can effectively solve the environmental problems caused by the current photovoltaic panel retirement tide and effectively collect silver in waste materials of waste photovoltaic panels.

[0032] Example 1 A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the method comprising the following steps S1-S5.

[0033] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0035] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 90°C, the reactor pressure was <0.1 MPa, and the reaction time was 150 min.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0038] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0040] S4. Filter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.

[0041] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 10A / cm 2 .

[0043] Example 2 A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the method comprising the following steps S1-S5.

[0044] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0046] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 30°C, the reactor pressure was <0.1 MPa, and the reaction time was 10 min.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0049] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0051] S4. Filter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.

[0052] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 0.1A / cm 2 .

[0054] Example 3 A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the method comprising the following steps S1-S5.

[0055] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0057] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 80°C, the reactor pressure was <0.08MPa, and the reaction time was 120min.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0060] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0062] S4. Filter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.

[0063] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 8A / cm 2 .

[0065] Example 4 A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the method comprising the following steps S1-S5.

[0066] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0068] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 40°C, the reactor pressure was <0.08MPa, and the reaction time was 20min.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0071] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0073] S4. Filter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.

[0074] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 0.3A / cm 2 .

[0076] Example 5 A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, the method comprising the following steps S1-S5.

[0077] S1. Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1, grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder, comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform at a vacuum rate of 10m 3 / min; Turn on the high-speed grinding tool at a speed of 6000r / min to grind the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder.

[0079] S2. placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react and obtain a reaction solution.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, placing the powder in a reactor filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature was 60°C, the reactor pressure was <0.06MPa, and the reaction time was 80min.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present invention, the acid solution may be a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0082] S3. Add a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purification agent may be a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

[0084] S4. Filter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.

[0085] S5. The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating. The sediment attached to the cathode rod is the obtained metallic element silver.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, the current density of the electroplating is 5A / cm 2 .

[0087] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: The recycling method includes: Grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder and collect the powder; placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with acid solution to react, so as to obtain a reaction solution; adding a purifying agent to the reaction solution to obtain a mixture; The mixture is filtered to obtain a filtrate; The filtrate is placed in a container for electroplating and the sediment attached to the cathode rod is collected.

2. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of grinding the silver wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel waste material into powder and collecting the powder comprises: Place the waste photovoltaic panels in a flat negative pressure machine, turn on the vacuum switch, and adsorb the waste photovoltaic panels on the platform; Use a high-speed grinding tool to grind the silver wire on the surface of photovoltaic panel waste into powder.

3. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 30-90°C, the reactor pressure is <0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 10-150min.

4. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 40-80°C, the reactor pressure is <0.08MPa, and the reaction time is 20-120min.

5. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of placing the powder in a reaction kettle filled with acid solution to react to obtain a reaction solution comprises: The reaction temperature is 60° C., the reactor pressure is less than 0.06 MPa, and the reaction time is 80 min.

6. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acid solution is a mixture of one or more of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid and the like.

7. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purifying agent is a mixture of one or more of ammonia water, glycerol, ether, ethanol, methanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, acetone, etc.

8. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current density of the electroplating is 0.1-10A / cm 2 .

9. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The current density of the electroplating is 0.3-8A / cm 2 .

10. The method for recovering silver metal from waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 9, characterized in that: The current density of the electroplating is 5A / cm 2 .