Cutting seedling raising method for camellia longcolumn red

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting seedling raising, in particular to a cutting seedling raising method for camellia sinensis. According to the method, the cutting slips are soaked in the mixed solution of IBA, NAA and rooting powder GGR with the specific concentration, rooting of the camellia longissima cutting seedlings can be promoted, and therefore the survival rate of cutting propagation of the camellia longissima is increased. The invention also provides a camellia japonica cutting seedling raising method based on the mixed solution. The camellia japonica cutting seedling raising method comprises the following specific steps: obtaining camellia japonica cuttings and cutting the camellia japonica cuttings into scion sections; soaking the scion sections in a rooting solution to obtain cutting slips; cutting the cutting slips; seedling management. According to the method, a simple, convenient, safe and efficient camellia sinensis cutting seedling raising technical system is established through a cutting means, a theoretical basis can be provided for large-scale production of high-quality camellia sinensis seedlings, and experimental materials are also provided for camellia sinensis tissue culture seedling raising.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting seedling cultivation, in particular to a cutting seedling cultivation method for long-column red camellia. Background Art

[0002] Camellia longistyla belongs to the Camellia genus of the Theaceae family, and is a rare and endangered plant unique to Guizhou Province. It is an evergreen small tree or shrub. Its flowers are rose red, large and beautiful, and its plant shape is beautiful, with dense branches and leaves, which can be used as an ornamental plant for gardening. In addition, its fruit is large and has a high oil content. It is a very good oil germplasm resource with both ornamental and economic value. Camellia longistyla tends to be endangered and extinct due to its reproductive biological characteristics and the influence of intraspecific and interspecific competition and habitat heterogeneity of its community. Therefore, breaking through its expansion and cultivation application technology is of great significance to its resource protection, relevant scientific research and production. However, the existing cutting seedlings of Camellia longistyla have the problem of low rooting rate or low survival rate, which cannot achieve the protection and sustainable utilization of the germplasm resources of Camellia longistyla. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting seedling raising method for long-column red camellia, so as to improve the survival rate of the cutting propagation of long-column red camellia and solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a mixed solution for promoting the rooting of long-column red camellia cuttings, wherein the concentration of IBA (indolebutyric acid) in the mixed solution is 60-90 mg / L, the concentration of NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid) is 10-30 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-150 mg / L.

[0006] Preferably, the concentration of IBA in the mixed solution is 75 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 20 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-135 mg / L.

[0007] More preferably, the concentration of IBA in the mixed solution is 75 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 20 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 135 mg / L.

[0008] The second technical solution of the present invention is the use of the mixed solution in the cutting seedling cultivation of Camellia longifolia.

[0009] The third technical solution of the present invention is a method for improving the rooting rate of long-column red camellia cuttings and seedlings, which comprises soaking long-column red camellia cuttings in the above-mentioned mixed solution.

[0010] Soaking cuttings in a mixed solution of IBA+NAA+rooting powder GGR at a specific concentration provided by the present invention can promote rooting of long-column red camellia cuttings, thereby improving the survival rate of long-column red camellia cuttings. When IBA, NAA or rooting powder GGR are used alone, although there is a certain rooting effect, the effect is far less than that of the mixed solution at a specific concentration of the present invention.

[0011] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is a cutting seedling raising method of long-column red camellia, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Obtain long-column red camellia spikes and cut them into spike segments;

[0013] Step 2: Soaking the ear segment in a rooting solution to obtain a cutting; wherein the concentration of IBA in the rooting solution is 60-90 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 10-30 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-150 mg / L;

[0014] Step 3: cutting the cuttings;

[0015] Step 4: Seedling management.

[0016] Preferably, in step 1: the long-column red camellia spike has a thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm and is semi-lignified; the spike segment has 1 bud and 2 leaves, a length of 8-12 cm, an upper cut flat at a distance of 0.8-1.2 cm from the bud, and a lower cut oblique at a distance of 7 to 11 cm from the bud.

[0017] Preferably, the long-column red camellia fringe strips are obtained in spring and / or autumn, and the obtained fringe strips are wrapped with sphagnum moss soaked in water to keep the middle and lower parts moist, and then wrapped with plastic wrap and stored in a foam box.

[0018] Preferably, in step 2: the soaking time is 2-3 hours; and the soaking depth is 4-6 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step 3: the cuttings are bare-rooted at a density of 7-10 cm between plants and 10-1.2 cm between rows, the buds or leaves of the cuttings are 1-3 cm from the ground, and the cuttings are watered thoroughly after being inserted.

[0020] Preferably, a shade net is covered after cutting.

[0021] More preferably, during spring cuttings, a double-layer small arch shed with a light transmittance of 60% is used for shading to prevent strong sunlight from burning the leaves of unrooted cuttings, thereby reducing the rooting ability of the cuttings.

[0022] More preferably, during autumn cuttings, a small arch shed with a single-layer light transmittance of 60% is used for shading, which can accelerate the photosynthetic autotrophic capacity of the unrooted cuttings.

[0023] Preferably, in step 4:

[0024] When the cuttings are carried out in spring: in August to September of the same year, partially open the sunshade net to harden the seedlings, and then completely remove the sunshade net; and / or, from September to November, spray a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer once a month;

[0025] When the cuttings are carried out in autumn: in March to April of the following year, first partially open the shade net to harden the seedlings, and then completely remove the shade net; and / or, from July to September, spray a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer once a month.

[0026] Preferably, in step 4: timely weeding, keeping the soil of the seedbed moist, and cultivating for 1 to 2 years before transplanting and planting.

[0027] More preferably, the hardening time is 5-7 days.

[0028] More preferably, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble macro-element fertilizer is 1:1:1, and the dilution concentration is 500-1000 times.

[0029] More preferably, the concentration of the EM fertilizer is 20 mg / L.

[0030] Preferably, during the cutting and seedling management, the temperature in the cutting seedbed is maintained at 15°C to 30°C and the air humidity is above 80%.

[0031] Preferably, the method for raising seedlings by cuttings of Camellia japonica L. also includes the step of establishing a nursery for cuttings, specifically comprising:

[0032] Choose a flat sandy loam land with convenient transportation and water resources to establish a nursery. Deeply plow the nursery land to a depth of about 40 cm, pick out stones and weeds, rake the soil finely, and make ridges with a width of 100 cm and a height of 30 cm.

[0033] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0034] The invention establishes a simple, safe and efficient long-column red camellia cutting seedling raising technology system by means of cutting, which can provide a theoretical basis for large-scale production of high-quality long-column red camellia seedlings and also provide experimental materials for long-column red camellia tissue culture seedlings.

[0035] In the cutting collection scheme of the present invention, according to the growth and development characteristics of long-column red camellia, the technical parameters of spring and / or autumn in the cutting season are combined with the technical parameters of "collecting semi-lignified cuttings with a thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm" to significantly improve the cutting survival rate of long-column red camellia.

[0036] In the cutting processing method of the present invention, a mixed aqueous solution of GGR+IBA+NAA of a specific concentration is used to soak the ear segments for 2-3 hours, and the soaking depth is limited to 4-6 cm. The rooting rate after cutting can reach more than 90%.

[0037] In the cutting method of the present invention, according to the growth characteristics of long-column red camellia, the temperature in the seedbed is limited to be stable at 15°C to 30°C, and the air humidity is stable at more than 80%, which is conducive to the differentiation of root systems of cuttings.

[0038] In the seedling management method of the present invention, in spring cutting, the long-column red camellia cutting seedlings begin to sprout new shoots in July to August of the current year (in autumn cutting, the cutting seedlings begin to sprout new shoots in March to April of the following year), the sunshade net is partially uncovered to harden the seedlings, and then the sunshade net is completely uncovered, so as to prevent the cutting seedlings from wilting and losing water and dying due to uncovering the covering material at one time. From July to November, the cutting seedlings enter the peak growth season, and a large amount of water-soluble fertilizers need to be sprayed once a month, and EM bacterial fertilizers are sprayed at the same time, the main purpose of which is to improve the ability of the cutting seedlings to resist diseases.

[0039] The invention provides technical support for resource protection and sustainable development and utilization of Guizhou long-column red camellia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 The effects of the optimal concentrations of the three hormones in Example 1 of the present invention on the rooting ability of the cuttings;

[0042] Figure 2 The effect of the combination of three hormones on the rooting ability of cuttings in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 The present invention relates to the long-column red camellia cuttings that have taken root and survived in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0046] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0048] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0049] In the following embodiments of the present invention, the long-column red camellia spike strips used were collected from the sparse forests on the hillsides at an altitude of 1100 to 1400 m in Chishui and Leishan, where the Camellia chinensis is concentrated.

[0050] In the following embodiments of the present invention, the nursery used for cuttings is established: in an area with an altitude of 950 to 1200 meters and an annual average temperature of 20°C, a flat sandy loam land with convenient transportation and water sources is selected to establish a nursery: a shade shed is built; the nursery land is deep-turned and tilled to a depth of about 40 cm, stones and weeds are picked out, the soil is raked finely, and ridges are formed, with a ridge width of 100 cm and a height of 30 cm.

[0051] The IBA, NAA and GGR used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available products, and their sources do not affect the realization of the technical effects. The rooting powder GGR is specifically GGR Shuangjier No. 7.

[0052] In the following embodiments of the present invention, the fertilizer used is a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer produced by Kelingwei, in which the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:1, and it is diluted 1000 times for use; the EM bacterial fertilizer is purchased from the market and the concentration used is 20 mg / L.

[0053] In the following embodiments of the present invention, the rooting criteria are: the axillary buds of the cutting seedlings germinate, are strong and not prone to lodging, and have good growth; rooting rate = number of rooted plants / total number of plants.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The semi-lignified spikelets of long-column red camellia sprouted in spring were used as the test objects. The spikelets were cut into spike segments with 1 bud and 2 leaves, 8 to 12 cm in length. The test site was the state-owned Longli Forest Farm in Guizhou Province, with yellow soil dryland mature soil, pH value of 5.0-5.5, and the test time was March 2021. Three hormone solutions (rooting powder GGR, growth regulator indolebutyric acid IBA and naphthylacetic acid NAA) were used to carry out single factor comparative tests, among which GGR was set at 5 concentrations of 90, 105, 120, 135, and 150 mg / L; IBA was set at 5 concentrations of 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 mg / L; NAA was set at 3 concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg / L; the control was treated with clean water. 50 spikelets were used for each treatment, repeated 3 times; in October 2021, 30 plants were randomly selected for each treatment, and the rooting rate of cuttings was counted.

[0056] The specific method of cutting seedling raising is as follows:

[0057] Collecting and pruning spikelets: Take semi-lignified spikelets with a thickness range of 0.5-1.0cm, wrap the middle and lower part of the spikelets with water-soaked sphagnum moss to keep it moist, then wrap it with plastic wrap and put it into a foam box for later use; cut the spikelets into 8-12cm long spike segments with 1 bud and 2 leaves, cut the upper cut flat, about 1.0cm away from the bud, and cut the lower cut obliquely, 7-11cm away from the bud; tie the cuttings after aligning the lower cut; soak the cuttings in hormone solution for 3h.

[0058] Cuttings: Soak the cuttings and plant them bare-root at the set density (7cm spacing between plants, 10cm spacing between rows), with the buds and leaves of the cuttings 1-3cm away from the ground; water thoroughly; use a double-layer sunshade net with a light transmittance of 60% to build a small arch shed 80cm high to prevent strong sunlight from burning the leaves of the unrooted cuttings.

[0059] Management during the seedling stage: 3 months after cutting, first partially remove the shade net to harden the seedlings for 7 days, then completely remove the shade net and allow them to grow normally; after 1-2 months, spray with a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer once a month; during this period, weed in time and keep the soil in the seedbed moist.

[0060] During the above-mentioned cutting and seedling management process, ensure that the temperature in the seedbed is stable at 15℃~30℃ and the air humidity is stable at above 80%.

[0061] The statistical results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] From the data in Table 1, we can see that the long-column red camellia mainly differentiates roots from callus tissue, and a few lenticel differentiated roots appear, which is a difficult-to-root plant. After being treated with NAA, the long-column red camellia mainly differentiates callus tissue from the cut end of the cuttings, and the differentiated root system is weak. After being treated with GGR and IBA, two rooting agents, lenticel differentiated roots appeared. Among them, IBA has a more obvious effect on the rooting of long-column red camellia cuttings, with the highest rooting rate of IBA being 83.33%, GGR being 70%, and NAA being 63.33%.

[0065] Figure 1 The following are the effects of the optimal concentrations of the three hormones in this example on the rooting ability of the cuttings.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Same as Example 1, except that a mixed solution of rooting powder GGR, growth regulator indolebutyric acid IBA and naphthaleneacetic acid NAA, or a mixed solution of two of the rooting powder GGR, growth regulator indolebutyric acid IBA and naphthaleneacetic acid NAA is used as the rooting solution. Specific contents and results are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Table 2, after the treatment of 75 mg / L IBA, 120-135 mg / L GGR and 20 mg / L NAA, the rooting rate of long-stigma red camellia cuttings reached more than 90%, and the optimal combination was 75 mg / L IBA+135 mg / L GGR+20 mg / L NAA. When using two mixed solutions of IBA, GGR and NAA, the rooting rate was not much different from that of using IBA, GGR or NAA alone.

[0071] Figure 2 This is the effect of the three hormone combinations on the rooting ability of some samples treated with the cuttings in this example.

[0072] Figure 3 These are the long-column red camellia cuttings that have taken root and survived in this embodiment.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The best hormone combination screened out was used: 135mg / L GGR+75mg / L IBA+20mg / LNAA. Three acres of forest land were selected in the state-owned Longli Forest Farm in Guizhou Province to establish a nursery for field cutting seedling trials. The small arch shed was covered with a shade net, with two treatments of single-layer and double-layer shade nets (the shade net transmittance was 60%), and the rest was the same as in Example 1, with 1000 plants cut for each treatment. Spring cuttings were carried out in March 2023, and autumn cuttings were carried out in September 2023. After 6 months of cuttings, 100 plants were randomly selected for each treatment, repeated 3 times, and the field rooting rate was counted. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3

[0076]

[0077] The results in Table 3 show that after the semi-woody cuttings of Camellia longifolia were treated with a mixed rooting agent of 75mg / L IBA+135mg / L GGR+20mg / L NAA, they could be cut twice a year, and the rooting rate could reach more than 90%. In summer, a double-layer small arch shed with a light transmittance of 60% should be used for shading to prevent strong sunlight from burning the leaves of the unrooted cuttings, thereby reducing the rooting ability of the cuttings; in autumn, a single-layer small arch shed with a light transmittance of 60% should be used for shading, which can accelerate the photosynthetic autotrophic ability of the unrooted cuttings and improve their rooting ability.

[0078] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixed solution for promoting rooting of long-column red camellia cuttings, characterized in that: The concentration of IBA in the mixed solution is 60-90 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 10-30 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-150 mg / L.

2. The mixed solution for promoting rooting of long-column red camellia cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of IBA in the mixed solution is 75 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 20 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-135 mg / L.

3. Use of the mixed solution according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in long-column red camellia cutting seedling cultivation.

4. A method for improving the rooting rate of long-column red camellia cutting seedlings, characterized in that: The mixed solution according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used to soak long-column red camellia cuttings.

5. A method for raising seedlings of long-column red camellia by cutting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain long-column red camellia spikelets and cut them into spike segments; placing the ear segment in a rooting solution and soaking it to obtain a cutting; Cutting the cuttings; Seedling management; The concentration of IBA in the rooting solution is 60-90 mg / L, the concentration of NAA is 10-30 mg / L, and the concentration of rooting powder GGR is 120-150 mg / L.

6. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The long-column red camellia spikelets are selected from semi-lignified spikelets with a thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm; and / or, The ear segment has one bud and two leaves, a length of 8-12 cm, an upper cut flat, 0.8-1.2 cm away from the bud, and a lower cut oblique, 7-11 cm away from the bud; and / or, The long-column red camellia spikelets are obtained in spring and / or autumn. The obtained spikelets are wrapped with sphagnum moss soaked in water to keep the middle and lower parts moist, and then wrapped with plastic wrap and stored in a foam box.

7. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soaking time is 2-3 hours; and / or the soaking depth is 4-6 cm.

8. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cuttings include: bare-root cuttings at a density of 7-10 cm between plants and 10-12 cm between rows, with the buds or leaves of the cuttings 1-3 cm above the ground, and watering thoroughly after cutting; and / or, Cover with a shade net after cutting.

9. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The seedling management includes: When the cuttings are carried out in spring: in August to September of the same year, partially open the sunshade net to harden the seedlings, and then completely remove the sunshade net; and / or, from September to November, spray a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer once a month; When the cuttings are carried out in autumn: in March or April of the following year, partially open the shade net to harden the seedlings, and then completely remove the shade net; and / or, from July to September, spray a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer once a month; and / or, weed in time, keep the soil of the seedbed moist, and cultivate for 1 to 2 years before transplanting and planting.

10. The method for raising seedlings by cuttings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hardening time is 5-7 days; and / or, The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble macronutrient fertilizer is 1:1:1; and / or, The concentration of the EM fertilizer is 20 mg / L; and / or, During the cutting and seedling management period, the temperature in the cutting seedbed is 15° C. to 30° C., and the air humidity is above 80%.

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