Dangerous chemical circulation tracing method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a dangerous chemical circulation tracing method and system, and belongs to the technical field of production safety. The method comprises the steps of generating an initial block corresponding to a circulation task based on a dangerous chemical circulation request signal, and adding the initial block into a block chain; based on the block chain, performing data verification on each circulation node in a circulation process; after verification is passed, data updating is carried out in the block chain based on data of each circulation node until dangerous chemical circulation is completed; and performing corresponding circulation working condition evaluation based on the dangerous chemical circulation data stored on the block chain. According to the scheme, the risk pre-estimation accuracy is improved in a mode of ensuring data validity, and the accident occurrence probability in the hazardous chemical substance field is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of production safety, and in particular to a method for tracing the circulation of hazardous chemicals and a system for tracing the circulation of hazardous chemicals. Background Art

[0002] Dangerous chemicals are flammable, explosive, toxic, and harmful. Accidents caused by them can cause huge economic losses and have wide-ranging social impacts. It is very important to prevent and control major accidents involving dangerous chemicals to ensure social security and stability. Accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals occur from time to time, and the causes of their occurrence involve links ranging from production, storage, transportation, use, and disposal.

[0003] In order to reduce the probability of accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals, it is imperative to retain and supervise data at each stage of production, storage, transportation, use and disposal. However, investigations into hazardous chemical accidents have shown that there are problems such as missing data in the full process of hazardous chemical supervision, difficulty in obtaining information in the transportation and storage links, and imperfect information sharing mechanisms for hazardous chemical management. There is a lack of a traceability system and method for the circulation of hazardous chemicals, and there are all-round systemic safety risks in the field of hazardous chemicals.

[0004] In order to address the problems of missing storage and poor sharing performance in the existing hazardous chemical circulation process data, it is necessary to create a new hazardous chemical circulation traceability solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for tracing the circulation of hazardous chemicals, so as to at least solve the problems of storage missing and poor sharing performance of existing hazardous chemical circulation process data.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for tracing the circulation of hazardous chemicals, the method comprising: based on a hazardous chemical circulation request signal, generating an initial block corresponding to the circulation task, and adding it to a blockchain; based on the blockchain, verifying the data of each circulation node during the circulation process; after the verification is passed, updating the data in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the circulation of hazardous chemicals is completed; based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain, performing a corresponding circulation condition evaluation.

[0007] Optionally, data of each circulation node is read based on the RFID electronic tag system, and data verification is performed based on the read data.

[0008] Optionally, the RFID electronic tag system includes: a radio frequency antenna, a tag and a reading and writing device; the radio frequency antenna is deployed at the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data; the tag is encapsulated in the circulating hazardous chemicals through FR4 packaging material; the reading and writing device establishes a communication connection with the radio frequency antenna, and is used to recover the radio frequency signals emitted when the hazardous chemicals pass through the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data.

[0009] Optionally, the circulation nodes include: a sending node, an intermediate node and a receiving node.

[0010] Optionally, based on the hazardous chemical circulation request signal, an initial block corresponding to the circulation task is generated and added to the blockchain, including: the hazardous chemical production enterprise creates an initialization block, and collects the initialization request fed back by each intermediate node or each receiving node; based on the initialization request, the identity of each intermediate node or each receiving node is verified, and after the verification is passed, each intermediate node or each receiving node is created in the initialization block, and the initialization block created by the complete node is uploaded to the blockchain.

[0011] Optionally, based on the blockchain, data verification is performed on each circulation node during the circulation process, including: generating a corresponding static code based on the initialization block stored on the blockchain; at each circulation node, in response to the static code trigger signal, opening a circulation information update function, and pushing a circulation information update interface to a corresponding static code trigger device; based on the corresponding static code trigger device, recovering the update information, and verifying the update information.

[0012] Optionally, the verification of the updated information includes: verifying the digital identity of the circulation node based on the DID digital identity system of the blockchain; after the verification is passed, performing Internet of Things identification authentication on the hazardous chemicals with updated information, including: verifying the signature of the hazardous chemicals based on the public key; the signature of the hazardous chemicals is generated based on the private key processing information or the hash value of the information.

[0013] Optionally, the Internet of Things identification of hazardous chemicals includes: hazardous chemical identity information and hazardous chemical risk information; wherein, the hazardous chemical identity information includes: one or more of the hazardous chemical health hazard level, flammability level, and reactivity level; the hazardous chemical risk information includes: risk consequence impact value, which indicates the distance value affected by the extreme consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by hazardous chemicals in transport vehicles; vehicle risk consequence value, which indicates the distance value affected by the thermal radiation distance after fire and / or the distance value affected by the shock wave rated overpressure after the explosion during the transportation of hazardous chemicals.

[0014] Optionally, the corresponding circulation condition evaluation is performed based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain, including: performing various preset indicator evaluations based on the hazardous chemical circulation data, and obtaining corresponding circulation condition evaluation results based on the preset indicator evaluation results; wherein each preset indicator includes: a cargo incompatibility index, which indicates the proportion of preset incompatible cargoes in the same batch of transportation in the total transportation volume; a transportation overtime index, which indicates the proportion of the overall transportation time that exceeds the scheduled transportation time; and a warehouse excess storage index, which indicates the proportion of the actual hazardous chemical storage capacity of the storage nodes involved in the circulation process that exceeds the scheduled storage capacity.

[0015] Optionally, the method also includes: evaluating each circulation node based on all hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain within a predetermined period, including: counting the RFID electronic tag reading information of each circulation node, and evaluating each circulation node based on the reading information; wherein the reading information includes: the number of RFID electronic tag readings and the reading content; the evaluation of each circulation node based on the reading information includes: if the RFID electronic tag reading number does not reach a preset number threshold, then determining that the reading number does not meet the standard; if the RFID electronic tag reading content does not match the preset service content of the circulation node, then determining that the reading content does not meet the standard; and evaluating the corresponding circulation node based on the compliance of the reading number and the compliance of the reading content of each circulation node.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a hazardous chemical circulation traceability system, the system comprising: a collection unit, for generating an initial block corresponding to a circulation task based on a hazardous chemical circulation request signal, and adding the block to a blockchain; a verification unit, for verifying data of each circulation node during the circulation process based on the blockchain; a data update unit, for updating data in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the hazardous chemical circulation is completed; and an evaluation unit, for performing a corresponding circulation condition evaluation based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned hazardous chemical circulation tracing method.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the solution of the present invention establishes a blockchain for data intercommunication among various circulation nodes based on the circulation process of hazardous chemicals, which solves the problem of circulation data sharing on the one hand, and also prevents data loss and data errors caused by malicious tampering of data. Based on the blockchain, the data of the entire circulation process is verified and stored, and the circulation process is subsequently evaluated based on the data to ensure full data supervision of the circulation process, improve the accuracy of risk estimation by ensuring the validity of data, and reduce the probability of accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of a method for tracing the source of dangerous chemicals provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a system structure diagram of a hazardous chemical circulation traceability system provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] Dangerous chemicals are flammable, explosive, toxic, and harmful. Accidents caused by them can cause huge economic losses and have wide-ranging social impacts. It is very important to prevent and control major accidents involving dangerous chemicals to ensure social security and stability. Accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals occur from time to time, and the causes of their occurrence involve links ranging from production, storage, transportation, use, and disposal.

[0025] In order to reduce the probability of accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals, it is imperative to retain and supervise data at each stage of production, storage, transportation, use and disposal. However, investigations into hazardous chemical accidents have shown that there are problems such as missing data in the full process of hazardous chemical supervision, difficulty in obtaining information in the transportation and storage links, and imperfect information sharing mechanisms for hazardous chemical management. There is a lack of a traceability system and method for the circulation of hazardous chemicals, and there are all-round systemic safety risks in the field of hazardous chemicals.

[0026] In view of the problems of storage loss and poor sharing performance of existing hazardous chemical circulation process data, the present invention proposes a new hazardous chemical circulation traceability method. The present invention establishes a blockchain for data intercommunication among various circulation nodes based on the hazardous chemical circulation process, which solves the problem of circulation data sharing and prevents data loss and data errors caused by malicious tampering. Based on the blockchain, the data of the entire circulation process is verified and stored, and the circulation process is subsequently evaluated based on the data to ensure full data supervision of the circulation process, improve the accuracy of risk estimation by ensuring the validity of data, and reduce the probability of accidents in the field of hazardous chemicals.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for tracing the source of dangerous chemicals provided by one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for tracing the source of dangerous chemicals, the method comprising:

[0028] Step S10: Based on the hazardous chemical circulation request signal, generate an initial block corresponding to the circulation task and add it to the blockchain.

[0029] Specifically, the scheme of the present invention builds an alliance based on the circulation node to solve the problem of data loss or data error caused by data tampering, and to solve the problem of data intercommunication difficulties. Whenever there is a new demand for the circulation of hazardous chemicals, the corresponding demander or supplier initiates a hazardous chemical circulation request signal, and then it is necessary to create an initial block based on the circulation request signal, so as to facilitate the subsequent data preservation of the current circulation process of the data on the blockchain based on the initial block.

[0030] Specifically, the hazardous chemicals production enterprise creates an initialization block and collects the initialization request fed back by each intermediate node or each receiving node; based on the initialization request, the identity of each intermediate node or each receiving node is verified, and after the verification is passed, each intermediate node or each receiving node is created in the initialization block, and the initialization block created by the complete node is uploaded to the blockchain.

[0031] Preferably, each circulation node includes: a sending node, an intermediate node and a receiving node.

[0032] Embodiment 1: The hazardous chemicals enterprise creates a node and creates an initial block, which is a static code. Then, the transport node creates and sends an initialization request to the hazardous chemicals enterprise node, and the block is added to the blockchain after verification by the hazardous chemicals enterprise node. Similarly, when there are multiple transport nodes and the receiving unit node, they must be verified and joined by the existing nodes that already exist in the alliance chain. If necessary, a management node or voting mechanism can be set up in the alliance chain to limit the access rights of each node. The nodes that join later will synchronize all block contents of the existing blockchain to achieve consistency.

[0033] Step S20: Based on the blockchain, data verification of each circulation node is performed during the circulation process.

[0034] Specifically, based on the initialization block stored on the blockchain, a corresponding static code is generated; at each circulation node, in response to the static code trigger signal, the circulation information update function is opened, and the circulation information update interface is pushed to the corresponding static code trigger device; based on the corresponding static code trigger device, the update information is recovered and verified.

[0035] Preferably, data of each circulation node is read based on the RFID electronic tag system, and data verification is performed based on the read data.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention wants to achieve full monitoring of the circulation data of hazardous chemicals. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the authority of subsequent data storage and the accuracy of front-end data collection. Because even if the tamper-proof performance of subsequent data storage is guaranteed, if the user tampers with the data or misses the data collection before data storage, it will also cause the problem of data authenticity or data error. In order to avoid this problem, the scheme of the present invention performs data passive collection through RFID electronic tags. During the entire data reading process, as long as the hazardous chemicals with RFID electronic tags enter the reading range, data collection can be performed directly.

[0037] Preferably, the RFID electronic tag system includes: a radio frequency antenna, a tag and a reading and writing device; the radio frequency antenna is deployed at the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data; the tag is encapsulated in the circulating hazardous chemicals through FR4 packaging material; the reading and writing device establishes a communication connection with the radio frequency antenna, and is used to recover the radio frequency signals emitted when the hazardous chemicals pass through the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data.

[0038] Embodiment 2: (1) Antenna deployment: The antennas are deployed outside the warehouse entrance, one on each side, 6 meters above the ground and at a 45-degree angle to the gate, so that the RF signal can fully cover the warehouse entrance.

[0039] (2) Tag deployment: The electronic tag is fixed in the middle of the side of the pallet. No metal objects can block the tag, and the same type of electronic tags must be fixed on all four sides.

[0040] (3) Reader-writer equipment deployment: The reader-writer equipment is deployed in an explosion-proof electrical cabinet outside the warehouse and powered by the electrical cabinet. It is connected to the RFID antenna by wire (weak current), and a WIFI antenna is set up to connect to the backend server network.

[0041] (4) On-site coding: The reading and writing equipment is set up in the packaging area, and a sufficient number of empty tags are placed within the scanning range of the RFID reading and writing equipment. The application software connects to the equipment and starts up. The equipment reads the number of empty tags, performs coding based on the number of empty tags read, and uploads the coded information to the backend server via the wireless network.

[0042] Preferably, the verification of the updated information includes: verifying the digital identity of the circulation node based on the DID digital identity system of the blockchain; after the verification is passed, performing Internet of Things identification authentication on the hazardous chemicals with updated information, including: verifying the signature of the hazardous chemicals based on the public key; the signature of the hazardous chemicals is generated based on the private key processing information or the hash value of the information.

[0043] Example 3: Blockchain IoT identity authentication mainly includes two operation algorithms: signature and verification. Signature refers to the use of private keys to process information or generate signatures due to the hash value of information; verification refers to the use of public keys to verify the authenticity of signatures. Blockchain-based digital identity authentication includes APP, application interface gateway, blockchain core and IPFS node. APP is mainly composed of web and mobile terminals, and contains Secp56k1 signature and verification. The application interface gateway includes communication services, blockchain interface, database and IPFS interface. The blockchain core includes distributed ledger, PoA, improved Byzantine consensus, alliance management and other components.

[0044] Preferably, the Internet of Things identification of hazardous chemicals includes: hazardous chemical identity information and hazardous chemical risk information; wherein, the hazardous chemical identity information includes: one or more of the hazardous chemical health hazard level, flammability level, and reactivity level; the hazardous chemical risk information includes: risk consequence impact value, which indicates the distance value affected by the extreme consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by hazardous chemicals in transport vehicles; vehicle risk consequence value, which indicates the distance value affected by the thermal radiation distance after fire and / or the shock wave simulated overpressure after the explosion during the transportation of hazardous chemicals.

[0045] Specifically, hazardous chemicals are classified and graded according to health hazards, flammability, reactivity, etc., and a classification and grading table is established based on the properties of hazardous chemicals. Risk consequence impact calculation refers to the safety distance affected by the most serious consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by transport vehicles. Vehicle risk consequence calculation refers to the maximum value of the distance affected by the thermal radiation distance of pool fire, jet fire, etc. and the distance affected by the shock wave analog overpressure after the explosion caused by the hazardous substances involved or affected in the transportation process. The calculation formula is:

[0046] Risk consequence = MAX (thermal radiation distance of pool fire model, thermal radiation distance of jet fire model, explosion shock wave impact distance).

[0047] Embodiment 4: The blockchain IoT identification authentication technology is designed with three participants: one is the user, that is, the driver or warehouse manager who uses the DID, who creates and manages his own DID through the mini-program and stores the identity-related data in the component; the second is the issuer, who issues digital certificates to users, such as the security supervision department; the third is the application party, which provides DID-related application services to users, and the application party will verify the user's DID and digital certificate.

[0048] Step S30: Update the data in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the circulation of hazardous chemicals is completed.

[0049] Specifically, when updating data, multiple nodes may have corresponding data update requirements, for example, the initiator of the cargo transportation initiates and fills in the shipment quantity, and mounts the hazardous chemicals transportation registration certificate.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the initiator of the cargo transportation initiates and fills in the shipment quantity, and mounts the hazardous chemicals transportation registration certificate. The specific contents include: the enterprise certificate mounted by the hazardous chemicals enterprise includes: the owner information, that is, the name of the hazardous chemicals enterprise, the owner information, that is, the enterprise information and the hazardous chemicals information, and provides relevant information for the hazardous safety operation and emergency guidance of hazardous chemicals, the certificate agency information is mainly the certification code of the certificate information of the certification method of the regulatory department, and the certificate validity period is also the current hazardous chemicals circulation period. In another case, the specific contents of the hazardous chemicals transportation certificate mounted by the cargo transporter include: the owner is the driver, the owner information is the transportation vehicle information and the time and place of the vehicle change, the certificate agency information is the certification code certified by the regulatory department, and the certificate validity period is the current hazardous chemicals circulation period. The last type is the hazardous chemicals transportation certificate mounted by the cargo receiving unit, and its specific contents include: the owner is the receiving unit, the owner information is the receiving warehouse information and the receiving personnel information, the certificate agency information is the certification code after the regulatory department certifies the certificate, and the certificate validity period is the current hazardous chemicals circulation period.

[0051] Step S40: Based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain, a corresponding circulation condition evaluation is performed.

[0052] Specifically, each preset indicator is evaluated based on the hazardous chemical circulation data, and an evaluation result of the corresponding circulation condition is obtained based on the evaluation result of each preset indicator; wherein each preset indicator includes: a cargo incompatibility index, which indicates the proportion of preset incompatible cargoes in the same batch of transportation in the total transportation volume; a transportation overtime index, which indicates the proportion of the overall transportation time exceeding the scheduled transportation time; and a warehouse excess storage index, which indicates the proportion of the actual hazardous chemical storage volume of the storage nodes involved in the circulation process exceeding the scheduled storage volume.

[0053] In one possible implementation, digital means are used to support enterprises to form a hazardous chemical circulation management mechanism with mutual trust and co-management among the shippers, carriers, and consignees. The government can grasp the flow status information of hazardous chemicals in the jurisdiction in real time, such as the departure, transportation, and receipt of goods, and conduct real-time supervision on risks such as incompatible goods, overdue transportation, and excessive storage in warehouses, so as to support the safety supervision of the circulation of hazardous chemicals in the entire industrial chain of the city. In terms of daily supervision, this solution supports the supervision of risks such as incompatible goods, overdue transportation, and excessive storage in warehouses. For excessive, overdue storage, or incompatible material storage, warehouse warnings will be issued. Through the grassroots inspection of the warehouse selected by the supervisor based on the location, rectification requirements will be put forward according to the management requirements of the inspection list generated based on the types and quantities of existing hazardous chemicals, and daily record inspections will be carried out. In the event of an accident emergency, potential hazard analysis and emergency measures decision-making can be carried out based on the chemical information of the warehouse and vehicle. The specific measure is that emergency personnel can pull the corresponding warehouse list and license plate number to select the warehouse or enter the license plate. Then retrieve the existing electronic ledger or the currently running electronic tag. Then, based on the types and quantities of hazardous chemicals, a comprehensive calculation is made to determine potential hazards such as fire and explosion or threats to the health of workers, and to maintain public safety, provide protective measures and on-site evacuation guidance.

[0054] Preferably, the method also includes: evaluating each circulation node based on all hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain within a predetermined period, including: counting the RFID electronic tag reading information of each circulation node, and evaluating each circulation node based on the reading information; wherein the reading information includes: the number of RFID electronic tag readings and the reading content; the evaluation of each circulation node based on the reading information includes: if the RFID electronic tag reading number does not reach a preset number threshold, then determining that the reading number does not meet the standard; if the RFID electronic tag reading content does not match the preset service content of the circulation node, then determining that the reading content does not meet the standard; and evaluating the corresponding circulation node based on the compliance of the number of readings and the compliance of the reading content of each circulation node.

[0055] Embodiment 5: According to the system registration (including registration of restricted hazardous chemicals and storage facilities), electronic tag generation, transmission, completion and other indicators, the use of relevant enterprises is dynamically evaluated to guide government regulatory departments at all levels to carry out on-site law enforcement inspections of enterprises. For example, for special control enterprises, the electronic tags in this solution will mark enterprises that have not completed enterprise system registration or have not used electronic tags normally for a long time as red codes. Other enterprises focus on enterprises, and mark enterprises with incomplete enterprise registration and whose use does not conform to the actual situation of the enterprise as yellow codes. For general regulatory enterprises, enterprises with complete and accurate enterprise system registration and normal use of electronic tags are marked as green codes. At the same time, enterprises can also store electronic ledgers. The enterprise platform scans the QR code of the electronic tag to timely record the types and quantities of key information such as the types and quantities of hazardous chemicals in and out of the enterprise, sort out and register the information of hazardous chemicals involved in the enterprise, form an electronic ledger of hazardous chemicals for the enterprise, ensure timely grasp of the enterprise's hazardous chemicals and their storage information, and help enterprises quickly and accurately judge safe storage conditions and administrative licensing requirements through comprehensive judgment tools.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of a dangerous chemical circulation traceability system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dangerous chemical circulation traceability system, the system comprising:

[0057] The collection unit is used to generate the initial block corresponding to the circulation task based on the dangerous chemical circulation request signal and add it to the blockchain.

[0058] Specifically, the scheme of the present invention builds an alliance based on the circulation node to solve the problem of data loss or data error caused by data tampering, and to solve the problem of data intercommunication difficulties. Whenever there is a new demand for the circulation of hazardous chemicals, the corresponding demander or supplier initiates a hazardous chemical circulation request signal, and then it is necessary to create an initial block based on the circulation request signal, so as to facilitate the subsequent data preservation of the current circulation process of the data on the blockchain based on the initial block.

[0059] Specifically, the hazardous chemicals production enterprise creates an initialization block and collects the initialization request fed back by each intermediate node or each receiving node; based on the initialization request, the identity of each intermediate node or each receiving node is verified, and after the verification is passed, each intermediate node or each receiving node is created in the initialization block, and the initialization block created by the complete node is uploaded to the blockchain.

[0060] Preferably, each circulation node includes: a sending node, an intermediate node and a receiving node.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the hazardous chemicals enterprise creates a node and creates an initial block, which is a static code. Then, the shipping node creates and sends an initialization request to the hazardous chemicals enterprise node, and the block is added to the blockchain after verification by the hazardous chemicals enterprise node. Similarly, when there are multiple shipping nodes and the receiving unit node, they must be verified and joined by existing nodes that already exist in the alliance chain. If necessary, a management node or voting mechanism can be set up in the alliance chain to limit the access rights of each node. The nodes that join will then synchronize all block contents of the existing blockchain to achieve consistency.

[0062] The verification unit is used to verify the data of each circulation node during the circulation process based on the blockchain.

[0063] Specifically, based on the initialization block stored on the blockchain, a corresponding static code is generated; at each circulation node, in response to the static code trigger signal, the circulation information update function is opened, and the circulation information update interface is pushed to the corresponding static code trigger device; based on the corresponding static code trigger device, the update information is recovered and verified.

[0064] Preferably, data of each circulation node is read based on the RFID electronic tag system, and data verification is performed based on the read data.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention wants to achieve full monitoring of the circulation data of hazardous chemicals. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the authority of subsequent data storage and the accuracy of front-end data collection. Because even if the tamper-proof performance of subsequent data storage is guaranteed, if the user tampers with the data or misses the data collection before data storage, it will also cause the problem of data authenticity or data error. In order to avoid this problem, the scheme of the present invention performs data passive collection through RFID electronic tags. During the entire data reading process, as long as the hazardous chemicals with RFID electronic tags enter the reading range, data collection can be performed directly.

[0066] Preferably, the RFID electronic tag system includes: a radio frequency antenna, a tag and a reading and writing device; the radio frequency antenna is deployed at the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data; the tag is encapsulated in the circulating hazardous chemicals through FR4 packaging material; the reading and writing device establishes a communication connection with the radio frequency antenna, and is used to recover the radio frequency signals emitted when the hazardous chemicals pass through the exit and / or entrance of the storage area of ​​each circulation data.

[0067] In one possible implementation, (1) antenna deployment: The antennas are deployed outside the warehouse entrance, one on each side, 6 meters above the ground, and deployed at a 45-degree angle to the gate, so that the RF signal can fully cover the warehouse entrance.

[0068] (2) Tag deployment: The electronic tag is fixed in the middle of the side of the pallet. No metal objects can block the tag, and the same type of electronic tags must be fixed on all four sides.

[0069] (3) Reader-writer equipment deployment: The reader-writer equipment is deployed in an explosion-proof electrical cabinet outside the warehouse and powered by the electrical cabinet. It is connected to the RFID antenna by wire (weak current), and a WIFI antenna is set up to connect to the backend server network.

[0070] (4) On-site coding: The reading and writing equipment is set up in the packaging area, and a sufficient number of empty tags are placed within the scanning range of the RFID reading and writing equipment. The application software connects to the equipment and starts up. The equipment reads the number of empty tags, performs coding based on the number of empty tags read, and uploads the coded information to the backend server via the wireless network.

[0071] Preferably, the verification of the updated information includes: verifying the digital identity of the circulation node based on the DID digital identity system of the blockchain; after the verification is passed, performing Internet of Things identification authentication on the hazardous chemicals with updated information, including: verifying the signature of the hazardous chemicals based on the public key; the signature of the hazardous chemicals is generated based on the private key processing information or the hash value of the information.

[0072] In one possible implementation, blockchain IoT identity authentication mainly includes two operation algorithms: signature and verification. Signature refers to the use of private keys to process information or generate signatures due to the hash value of information; verification refers to the use of public keys to verify the authenticity of signatures. Blockchain-based digital identity authentication includes APP, application interface gateway, blockchain core and IPFS node. APP is mainly composed of web and mobile terminals, and contains Secp56k1 signature and verification. The application interface gateway includes communication services, blockchain interface, database and IPFS interface. The blockchain core includes distributed ledger, PoA, improved Byzantine consensus, alliance management and other components.

[0073] Preferably, the Internet of Things identification of hazardous chemicals includes: hazardous chemical identity information and hazardous chemical risk information; wherein, the hazardous chemical identity information includes: one or more of the hazardous chemical health hazard level, flammability level, and reactivity level; the hazardous chemical risk information includes: risk consequence impact value, which indicates the distance value affected by the extreme consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by hazardous chemicals in transport vehicles; vehicle risk consequence value, which indicates the distance value affected by the thermal radiation distance after fire and / or the shock wave simulated overpressure after the explosion during the transportation of hazardous chemicals.

[0074] Specifically, hazardous chemicals are classified and graded according to health hazards, flammability, reactivity, etc., and a classification and grading table is established based on the properties of hazardous chemicals. Risk consequence impact calculation refers to the safety distance affected by the most serious consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by transport vehicles. Vehicle risk consequence calculation refers to the maximum value of the distance affected by the thermal radiation distance of pool fire, jet fire, etc. and the distance affected by the shock wave analog overpressure after the explosion caused by the hazardous substances involved or affected in the transportation process. The calculation formula is:

[0075] Risk consequence = MAX (thermal radiation distance of pool fire model, thermal radiation distance of jet fire model, explosion shock wave impact distance).

[0076] In one possible implementation, the blockchain's IoT identification authentication technology is designed with three participants: one is the user, that is, the driver or warehouse manager who uses the DID, who creates and manages his or her own DID through the mini-program and stores identity-related data in the component; the second is the issuer, who issues digital certificates to users, such as the security regulatory department; the third is the application party, which provides DID-related application services to users and verifies the user's DID and digital certificate.

[0077] The data updating unit is used to update the data in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the circulation of hazardous chemicals is completed.

[0078] Specifically, when updating data, multiple nodes may have corresponding data update requirements, for example, the initiator of the cargo transportation initiates and fills in the shipment quantity, and mounts the hazardous chemicals transportation registration certificate.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the initiator of the cargo transportation initiates and fills in the shipment quantity, and mounts the hazardous chemicals transportation registration certificate. The specific contents include: the enterprise certificate mounted by the hazardous chemicals enterprise includes: the owner information, that is, the name of the hazardous chemicals enterprise, the owner information, that is, the enterprise information and the hazardous chemicals information, and provides relevant information for the hazardous safety operation and emergency guidance of hazardous chemicals, the certificate agency information is mainly the certification code of the certificate information of the certification method of the regulatory department, and the certificate validity period is also the current hazardous chemicals circulation period. In another case, the specific contents of the hazardous chemicals transportation certificate mounted by the cargo transporter include: the owner is the driver, the owner information is the transportation vehicle information and the time and place of the vehicle change, the certificate agency information is the certification code certified by the regulatory department, and the certificate validity period is the current hazardous chemicals circulation period. The last type is the hazardous chemicals transportation certificate mounted by the cargo receiving unit, and its specific contents include: the owner is the receiving unit, the owner information is the receiving warehouse information and the receiving personnel information, the certificate agency information is the certification code after the regulatory department certifies the certificate, and the certificate validity period is the current hazardous chemicals circulation period.

[0080] The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the corresponding circulation conditions based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain.

[0081] Specifically, each preset indicator is evaluated based on the hazardous chemical circulation data, and an evaluation result of the corresponding circulation condition is obtained based on the evaluation result of each preset indicator; wherein each preset indicator includes: a cargo incompatibility index, which indicates the proportion of preset incompatible cargoes in the same batch of transportation in the total transportation volume; a transportation overtime index, which indicates the proportion of the overall transportation time exceeding the scheduled transportation time; and a warehouse excess storage index, which indicates the proportion of the actual hazardous chemical storage volume of the storage nodes involved in the circulation process exceeding the scheduled storage volume.

[0082] In one possible implementation, digital means are used to support enterprises to form a hazardous chemical circulation management mechanism with mutual trust and co-management among the shippers, carriers, and consignees. The government can grasp the flow status information of hazardous chemicals in the jurisdiction in real time, such as the departure, transportation, and receipt of goods, and conduct real-time supervision on risks such as incompatible goods, overdue transportation, and excessive storage in warehouses, so as to support the safety supervision of the circulation of hazardous chemicals in the entire industrial chain of the city. In terms of daily supervision, this solution supports the supervision of risks such as incompatible goods, overdue transportation, and excessive storage in warehouses. For excessive, overdue storage, or incompatible material storage, warehouse warnings will be issued. Through the grassroots inspection of the warehouse selected by the supervisor based on the location, rectification requirements will be put forward according to the management requirements of the inspection list generated based on the types and quantities of existing hazardous chemicals, and daily record inspections will be carried out. In the event of an accident emergency, potential hazard analysis and emergency measures decision-making can be carried out based on the chemical information of the warehouse and vehicle. The specific measure is that emergency personnel can pull the corresponding warehouse list and license plate number to select the warehouse or enter the license plate. Then retrieve the existing electronic ledger or the currently running electronic tag. Then, based on the types and quantities of hazardous chemicals, a comprehensive calculation is made to determine potential hazards such as fire and explosion or threats to the health of workers, and to maintain public safety, provide protective measures and on-site evacuation guidance.

[0083] Preferably, the method also includes: evaluating each circulation node based on all hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain within a predetermined period, including: counting the RFID electronic tag reading information of each circulation node, and evaluating each circulation node based on the reading information; wherein the reading information includes: the number of RFID electronic tag readings and the reading content; the evaluation of each circulation node based on the reading information includes: if the RFID electronic tag reading number does not reach a preset number threshold, then determining that the reading number does not meet the standard; if the RFID electronic tag reading content does not match the preset service content of the circulation node, then determining that the reading content does not meet the standard; and evaluating the corresponding circulation node based on the compliance of the number of readings and the compliance of the reading content of each circulation node.

[0084] In one possible implementation, according to the system registration (including registration of restricted hazardous chemicals and storage facilities), electronic tag generation, transmission, completion and other indicators, the use of relevant enterprises is dynamically evaluated to guide government regulatory departments at all levels to carry out on-site law enforcement inspections of enterprises. For example, for special control enterprises, the electronic tags in this solution will mark enterprises that have not completed enterprise system registration or have not used electronic tags normally for a long time as red codes. Other enterprises focus on enterprises, and mark enterprises with incomplete enterprise registration and whose use does not conform to the actual situation of the enterprise as yellow codes. For general supervision enterprises, enterprises with complete and accurate enterprise system registration and normal use of electronic tags are marked as green codes. At the same time, enterprises can also store electronic ledgers. The enterprise platform scans the QR code of the electronic tag to timely record the types and quantities of key information such as the types of hazardous chemicals entering and leaving the enterprise, sort out and register the information of hazardous chemicals involved in the enterprise, form an electronic ledger of hazardous chemicals for the enterprise, ensure timely grasp of the enterprise's hazardous chemicals and their storage information, and help enterprises quickly and accurately judge safe storage conditions and administrative licensing requirements through comprehensive judgment tools.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the above-mentioned dangerous chemical circulation tracing method.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0087] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0088] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for tracing the source of hazardous chemicals, characterized in that: The method comprises: Based on the hazardous chemical circulation request signal, generate the initial block corresponding to the circulation task and add it to the blockchain; Based on the blockchain, data verification of each circulation node is performed during the circulation process; After verification, data is updated in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the circulation of hazardous chemicals is completed; Based on the hazardous chemicals circulation data stored on the blockchain, the corresponding circulation condition evaluation is carried out.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The data of each circulation node is read based on the RFID electronic tag system, and data verification is performed based on the read data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The RFID electronic tag system comprises: RF antennas, tags and reader / writer devices; The radio frequency antenna is deployed at the exit and / or entrance of each storage area of ​​the circulating data; The tag is encapsulated in the circulating hazardous chemicals by means of FR4 encapsulation material; The reading and writing device establishes a communication connection with the radio frequency antenna to recover the radio frequency signals emitted when the hazardous chemicals pass through the exit and / or entrance positions of the storage area of ​​each circulation data.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The circulation nodes include: Sending node, intermediate node and receiving node.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of generating an initial block corresponding to the circulation task based on the hazardous chemical circulation request signal and adding it to the blockchain includes: The hazardous chemicals production enterprise creates an initialization block and collects the initialization requests fed back by each intermediate node or each receiving node; Based on the initialization request, the identity of each intermediate node or each receiving node is verified, and after the verification is passed, each intermediate node or each receiving node is created in the initialization block, and the initialization block created by the complete node is uploaded to the blockchain.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the blockchain, data verification of each circulation node is performed during the circulation process, including: Based on the initialization block stored on the blockchain, generate a corresponding static code; At each circulation node, in response to the static code trigger signal, the circulation information update function is enabled, and the circulation information update interface is pushed to the corresponding static code trigger device; The device is triggered to retrieve the update information based on the corresponding static code and verify the update information.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The verifying of the update information includes: The DID digital identity system based on the blockchain verifies the digital identity of the circulation node; After verification, IoT identification certification is carried out for hazardous chemicals with updated information, including: Verify the signature of hazardous chemicals based on the public key; The signature of the hazardous chemical is generated based on private key processing information or a hash value of the information.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The IoT identification of hazardous chemicals includes: Hazardous chemical identity information and hazardous chemical risk information; among which, The hazardous chemical identity information includes: One or more of the health hazard level, flammability level, and reactivity level of the hazardous chemicals; The hazardous chemical risk information includes: The risk consequence impact value indicates the distance value affected by the extreme consequences of fire and explosion that may be caused by hazardous chemicals in transport vehicles; The vehicle risk consequence value indicates the distance affected by the thermal radiation after a fire and / or the distance affected by the shock wave and overpressure after an explosion during the transportation of hazardous chemicals.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corresponding circulation condition evaluation is performed based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain, including: Based on the hazardous chemical circulation data, each preset index is evaluated, and based on the evaluation results of each preset index, the evaluation results of the corresponding circulation conditions are obtained; wherein, The preset indicators include: The cargo incompatibility index indicates the proportion of preset incompatible cargo in the same batch of transportation in the total transportation volume; The transport overtime indicator indicates the proportion of the overall transport time exceeding the scheduled transport time; The warehouse excess storage index indicates the proportion of the actual storage volume of hazardous chemicals in the storage nodes involved in the circulation process that exceeds the predetermined storage volume.

10. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on all hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain within a predetermined period, each circulation node is evaluated, including: Counting the RFID electronic tag reading information of each circulation node, and evaluating each circulation node based on the reading information; wherein, The reading information includes: RFID electronic tag reading times and reading contents; The evaluating each circulation node based on the reading situation information includes: If the number of times the RFID electronic tag is read does not reach the preset number threshold, it is determined that the number of reads does not meet the standard; If the RFID electronic tag reading content does not match the preset service content of the circulation node, it is determined that the reading content does not meet the standard; The corresponding circulation node is evaluated based on whether the number of reads and the content of the reads meet the standards.

11. A dangerous chemical circulation traceability system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A collection unit, used to generate an initial block corresponding to the circulation task based on the hazardous chemical circulation request signal, and add it to the blockchain; A verification unit, used to verify the data of each circulation node during the circulation process based on the blockchain; A data updating unit, used to update data in the blockchain based on the data of each circulation node until the circulation of hazardous chemicals is completed; The evaluation unit is used to evaluate the corresponding circulation conditions based on the hazardous chemical circulation data stored on the blockchain.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the hazardous chemical circulation tracing method described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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