Icebreaker with variable-angle self-adaptive icebreaking shears

Abstract

The invention discloses an icebreaker with variable-angle self-adaptive icebreaking shears, which serves as an efficient large-area sea area icebreaking technology and is mainly applied to icebreaking and ice cleaning operation of sea areas around operation ocean platforms near high-latitude areas and port channels and north circles. According to the icebreaking technology, the defects in the prior art are practically overcome, improvement is conducted on the basis of a double-body icebreaker, and the construction difficulty of the icebreaker is reduced on the basis that the icebreaking width is guaranteed; according to the technology, icebreaking boots are additionally arranged on the basis of a double-body icebreaker, shearing force is applied to an ice layer during icebreaking, icebreaking shears are formed, the icebreaking difficulty is reduced, and meanwhile the breaking degree of the broken ice layer is improved; the technology can adjust the height and the inclination angle of the icebreaking boot according to the actual measurement result of the ice thickness in front of the icebreaking boot, and improves the adaptability of the icebreaker to different ice thickness environments; according to the technology, the independent cabin is installed on the icebreaker, and maintenance is convenient. The method has the characteristics of high feasibility, high efficiency, practicability and the like, and has a wide application prospect in the field of icebreakers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an icebreaker with variable-angle adaptive icebreaking shears, belonging to the field of icebreaker design and icebreaking technology. Background Art

[0002] The exploration and development of oil and gas resources requires long-term fixed-point operations on offshore platforms or drilling vessels. Offshore platforms and drilling vessels will face the danger of ice freezing and squeezing and damaging structures or being trapped in ice. In order to ensure the safety of mining operations, it is necessary to break ice on the sea surface near offshore structures. In addition, many high-latitude ports and waterways at home and abroad are frozen in winter, which seriously affects shipping efficiency and safety. Icebreaking is required in these ports and waterways to facilitate the navigation of cargo ships that are not designed for ice zones. Therefore, icebreakers came into being and are widely used.

[0003] At present, most conventional icebreakers use gravity-based icebreaking, which uses their own gravity to crush or bend the ice layer to achieve the purpose of icebreaking. When using gravity-based icebreakers to break ice, the ice layer in contact with the hull is crushed and damaged, and a large number of large pieces of bent and broken floating ice are formed around the hull. The icebreakers currently in service all use a single icebreaker bow (see Figure 1a ), Patent CN106275296A discloses a double icebreaking bow type icebreaker (see Figure 2a ), these two types of icebreakers use gravity icebreaking. Monohull icebreakers split the ice to form an ice trough, and continuously break ice forward by propulsion and gravity, forming a channel equivalent to the width of the ship and a large number of large floating ice. However, the icebreaking width and degree of breaking ice surface of monohull icebreakers are insufficient (see Figure 1b The catamaran icebreaker splits the ice to form two ice grooves. Due to the dispersed icebreaking force, under the same ice breaking thickness, the catamaran icebreaker's own weight and propulsion power are higher than those of the single icebreaker. In addition, the icebreaking width of the catamaran icebreaker is wider, and the degree of crushing of the ice surface is insufficient (see Figure 2b ) and increase the difficulty of icebreaking.

[0004] Patent CN115416818A also discloses a three-icebreaking bow type icebreaker (see Figure 3 ), this design adopts a forced bending icebreaking method. By setting three bow columns at the bow, the middle bow column lifts the ice layer upward, and the bow columns on both sides press down, so that the ice layer is forced to bend and break, which reduces the difficulty of icebreaking to a certain extent. This type of icebreaking method has a high degree of fragmentation when breaking the ice surface. However, the complex three bow columns make it difficult to build, difficult to connect to the main hull, and its fixed three bow columns have poor adaptability to ice environments of different thicknesses.

[0005] In summary, among the existing icebreaker design schemes, the icebreaking width of the single-hull icebreaker is insufficient, and the icebreaking difficulty of the catamaran icebreaker is relatively high. The degree of breaking the ice surface of the two schemes is insufficient. First, they cannot provide safety protection for conventional merchant ships or operating platforms; second, the broken ice is easy to recondense, causing the waterway to close. The three-bow icebreaker is difficult to build, has a complex structure and poor adaptability to ice environments of different thicknesses. Based on the above shortcomings, it is urgent to propose an icebreaker bed with more efficient icebreaking and ice-clearing technology for large areas of sea and port channels. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an icebreaker with variable-angle adaptive icebreaking shears, which takes into account the icebreaking width and the degree of fragmentation of the broken ice surface as well as the difficulty of construction and the adaptability to ice environments of different thicknesses.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear, comprising a catamaran icebreaker hull and a catamaran icebreaker sheet body, wherein the catamaran icebreaker sheet body is provided with two sheets and is separately arranged on both sides of the bottom wall of the catamaran icebreaker hull, and is characterized in that a hollow slot is longitudinally opened in the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull, an icebreaker boot independent cabin is vertically lifted and lowered in the hollow slot, an icebreaker boot body is movably connected in the icebreaker boot independent cabin, the icebreaker boot body can extend out of the icebreaker boot independent cabin and form an icebreaker shear structure with the outer wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull between the two sheets of the catamaran icebreaker sheet body, so as to realize icebreaking through shearing movement;

[0009] It also includes an ice thickness measurement and feedback system, which is arranged on the catamaran icebreaker hull and located in front of the independent cabin of the icebreaker boot. The ice thickness measurement and feedback system is used to monitor the thickness of the ice layer so as to adaptively adjust the descent height of the independent cabin of the icebreaker boot and the rotation inclination angle of the icebreaker boot body.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of vertical displacement guide rails are arranged on the inner wall around the hollow slot, at least one linear motor is arranged on the vertical displacement guide rail, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin is fixedly connected to the sliders of the plurality of linear motors and is clamped with the plurality of vertical displacement guide rails.

[0011] Furthermore, a watertight plate is arranged on the inner wall of the peripheral side of the empty slot, and a plurality of the vertical displacement guide rails are arranged on the watertight plate.

[0012] Preferably, a driving assembly for driving the icebreaker boot body to perform shearing movement is provided in the icebreaker boot independent cabin, and the driving assembly comprises an icebreaker boot support rod, an icebreaker boot vertical support rod, a main control motor, an inclination adjustment auxiliary motor, a limiting slide rail and a sliding block, the main control motor is arranged on the top inner wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin, one end of the icebreaker boot support rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the main control motor, and the other end of the icebreaker boot support rod is fixedly connected to the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor, the output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor passes through the icebreaker boot support rod, and one end of the icebreaker boot vertical support rod is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor, the limiting slide rail is arranged on the top wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin, and the slide block is slidably arranged on the limiting slide rail along the direction approaching or away from the main control motor, and the other end of the icebreaker boot vertical support rod is rotated on the slide block, the icebreaker boot support rod, the icebreaker boot vertical support rod and the limiting slide rail form a triangular supporting structure, and the icebreaker boot body is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the size of the icebreaker boot independent cabin, and the lengths of the icebreaker boot body, icebreaker boot support rod and icebreaker boot vertical support rod are determined according to the draft, displacement and target ice thickness of the catamaran icebreaker hull, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin is installed modularly with the icebreaker boot body and drive assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, a delivery cabin is provided on the bottom wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull, a hatch cover is provided at the opening of the delivery cabin, the ice thickness measurement and feedback system is arranged in the delivery cabin, the ice thickness measurement and feedback system includes a radar ice thickness measuring instrument, a laser rangefinder and a delivery track, the delivery track is arranged on the inner wall of the delivery cabin, the radar ice thickness measuring instrument is arranged on the side of the delivery track facing the catamaran icebreaker hull, and is driven into or out of the delivery cabin by the delivery track, and the laser rangefinder is arranged at the bottom of the delivery track and is electrically connected to the delivery track to deliver the radar ice thickness measuring instrument to an appropriate position.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical adjustment displacement of the independent cabin of the icebreaker boot is at least 90% of the ice thickness, the radar ice thickness measuring instrument is connected to the linear motor signal, and the ice thickness is measured in real time by the radar ice thickness measuring instrument.

[0016] Preferably, the rotation angle of the icebreaker boot body is between 20° and 45°, and the bow inclination angle of the catamaran icebreaker sheet body is between 20° and 45°.

[0017] Preferably, the width of the catamaran icebreaker hull is set to B, the width B1 of the catamaran icebreaker sheet body is B / 4, and the distance D between the bow of the catamaran icebreaker sheet body and the center of the icebreaker boot body is in the range of B / 4 to B / 3.

[0018] Furthermore, the catamaran icebreaker sheet body and the icebreaker boot body form a cavity for discharging crushed ice.

[0019] The icebreaker with variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shears provided by the present invention can efficiently perform icebreaking operations in a wide-area sea ice environment, and is convenient for icebreaking and ice-clearing operations in ports and waterways in high-latitude areas and in the sea areas around offshore platforms operating near the Arctic Circle, and has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The icebreaker with variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shears of the present invention has a wide icebreaking width and is flexible and maneuverable in ice zone operations. The icebreaker shear design has a high degree of crushing when breaking the ice surface, which greatly delays the refreezing time of the ice surface. There is no risk of the hull hitting the ice surface, and there is no need to set an ice-stopping front toe.

[0021] 2. The icebreaker with variable-angle adaptive icebreaking shears of the present invention adopts a design of real-time measurement of ice thickness and adjustment of the inclination angle of the icebreaking appendage to adapt to different sea ice environments, so that the icebreaker can quickly adapt to various tasks and further improve the icebreaking efficiency.

[0022] 3. It is installed on the icebreaker in an independent cabin to facilitate maintenance.

[0023] 4. Reduce the tonnage and propulsion power requirements of icebreakers and reduce costs.

[0024] 5. The icebreaker boots can be folded up in open water environment. Combined with the characteristics of catamaran, it can reduce navigation resistance, save energy and protect the environment, facilitate rapid deployment, and have high navigation stability in open water environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing single-body icebreaker;

[0026] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of the existing single-body icebreaker breaking sea ice;

[0027] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing catamaran icebreaker;

[0028] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of the existing catamaran icebreaker breaking sea ice;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing three-bow icebreaker;

[0030] Figure 4 A top view of a structure at the bow of an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross section in the AA direction;

[0032] Figure 6A side view of a structure at the bow of an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A bow view of the bow of an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A sea ice force diagram of an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 An ice breaking effect diagram of an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaking shear provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1-Catamaran icebreaker hull; 11-Empty slot; 12-Delivery compartment; 2-Catamaran icebreaker body; 3-Icebreaker boot independent compartment; 31-Independent hatch cover; 4-Icebreaker boot body; 5-Vertical displacement guide rail; 6-Drive assembly; 61-Icebreaker boot support rod; 62-Icebreaker boot vertical support rod; 63-Main control motor; 64-Tilt adjustment auxiliary motor; 65-Limiting slide rail; 66-Slider; 7-Ice thickness measurement and feedback system; 71-Radar ice thickness measuring instrument; 72-Laser rangefinder; 73-Delivery track; 8-Hatch cover; 9-Ice layer; 10-Stop block; 13-Watertight plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6 The present application provides an icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaking shear, including a catamaran icebreaker hull 1 and a catamaran icebreaker sheet body 2. The catamaran icebreaker sheet body 2 is provided with two pieces and is separately arranged on both sides of the bottom wall of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1. A hollow groove 11 is longitudinally opened in the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1. The hollow groove 11 can be a groove body of any shape. In the present embodiment, the hollow groove 11 is preferably a rectangular groove. An icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is vertically lifted and installed in the hollow groove 11. An icebreaker boot body 4 is movably connected in the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3. The icebreaker boot body 4 can extend out of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 and form an icebreaker shear structure with the outer wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 between the two catamaran icebreaker sheet bodies 2, so as to achieve icebreaking through shearing movement.

[0040] Watertight plates 13 are arranged on the inner walls around the empty slot 11 to ensure the airtightness of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1, and multiple vertical displacement guide rails 5 are arranged on the inner walls around the watertight plates 13. At least one linear motor is installed on the vertical displacement guide rail 5. The icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is fixedly connected to the sliders 66 of multiple linear motors and is clamped with multiple vertical displacement guide rails 5. In this embodiment, at least 12 vertical displacement rails 5 are arranged, at least 4 linear motors are arranged on the vertical displacement guide rails 5 on the left and right sides, and at least 2 linear motors are arranged on the vertical displacement guide rails 5 on the front and rear sides, which are used to vertically drive the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is clamped into the slide rails on the empty slot 11 of the main hull during assembly, and the top plate and the bottom plate are flush with the main deck and the bottom platform of the main hull, which is convenient for installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0041] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6 A driving assembly 6 for driving the icebreaker boot body 4 to perform shearing movement is installed in the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3. The driving assembly 6 includes an icebreaker boot support rod 61, an icebreaker boot vertical support rod 62, a main control motor 63, an inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64, a limiting slide rail 65 and a slider 66. The main control motor 63 is installed on the top inner wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3. One end of the icebreaker boot support rod 61 is plugged and fixed with the output shaft of the main control motor 63. The inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64 is fixed on the side wall of the other end of the icebreaker boot support rod 61 by bolts. The output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64 passes through the icebreaker boot support rod 61. One end of the vertical support rod 62 is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64, the limiting slide rail 65 is installed on the top wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3, the slider 66 is slidably installed on the limiting slide rail 65 in the direction close to or away from the main control motor 63, and the other end of the icebreaker boot vertical support rod 62 is rotatably installed on the slider 66 through the rotating shaft. The icebreaker boot support rod 61, the icebreaker boot vertical support rod 62 and the limiting slide rail 65 form a triangular supporting structure, the icebreaker boot body 4 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64, and the bottom of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is hinged with an independent cabin cover 31, which opens when the icebreaker boot body 4 is released.

[0042] The specific position of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 needs to be determined according to the specific scale of the icebreaker ship, and needs to meet the following requirements: the main control motor 63 drives the icebreaker boot support rod 61 to rotate, so that the rotation center of the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor 64 is flush with the waterline, and the icebreaker boot extends out about half of its length from a side view; the size of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3, as well as the length of the icebreaker boot body 4, the icebreaker boot support rod 61 and the icebreaker boot vertical strut 62 are determined according to the draft, displacement and target ice thickness of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1. The size of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 can be customized according to the above parameters, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3, the icebreaker boot body 4 and the drive assembly 6 are installed in a modular manner.

[0043] Furthermore, the limiting slide rail 65 is preferably detachably mounted on the top upper surface of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is provided with an installation groove for installing the limiting slide rail 65, and a plurality of stop blocks 10 are placed in the limiting guide rail to fix the limiting slide rail 65.

[0044] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6 An icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear also includes an ice thickness measurement and feedback system 7, which is installed on the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 and is located in front of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3. The ice thickness measurement and feedback system 7 is used to monitor the thickness of the ice layer 9 in order to adaptively adjust the descent height of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 and the rotation inclination angle of the icebreaker boot body 4.

[0045] A launching cabin 12 is provided on the bottom wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1, and a hatch cover 8 is provided at the opening of the launching cabin 12. An ice thickness measurement and feedback system 7 is installed in the launching cabin 12. The ice thickness measurement and feedback system 7 includes a radar ice thickness measuring instrument 71, a laser rangefinder 72 and a launching track 73. The launching track 73 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the launching cabin 12. The radar ice thickness measuring instrument 71 is installed on the side of the launching track 73 facing the catamaran icebreaker hull 1, and is driven to extend into or out of the launching cabin 12 through the launching track 73. The laser rangefinder 72 is installed at the bottom of the launching track 73 and is electrically connected to the launching track 73 to launch the radar ice thickness measuring instrument 71 to an appropriate position. In this embodiment, the launching track 73 can also be in the form of a track equipped with a linear motor, or can be other mechanisms that can realize the lifting and lowering of the radar ice thickness measuring instrument 71. It is a prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0046] The position of the delivery module 12 is determined as follows:

[0047] The distance L between the center point of the launching cabin 12 and the intersection of the waterline and the bow column is determined. The catamaran icebreaker hull 1 performs icebreaking operations at a set speed. It takes about 2 seconds from the time when the radar ice thickness gauge 71 measures the ice thickness to the time when the downward inclination angle of the icebreaker boot body 4 is adjusted. Therefore, the length L needs to reserve enough space margin to allow the icebreaker boot body 4 to complete the angle adjustment and avoid possible damage to the radar ice thickness gauge 71 during the icebreaking process.

[0048] According to the use characteristics of the radar ice thickness gauge 71, the radar ice thickness gauge 71 needs to be released to a certain distance from the ice surface to meet the working conditions. In order to ensure that the radar ice thickness gauge 71 is not easily damaged, a safety margin can be reserved based on the normal working distance of the radar ice thickness gauge 71. During the ice breaking operation, the hatch cover 8 at the bottom of the delivery cabin 12 is opened, and the radar ice thickness gauge 71 is delivered through the delivery track 73, and the laser rangefinder 72 is used to ensure that the radar ice thickness gauge 71 is released to the designated position.

[0049] Furthermore, according to the density characteristics of the sea ice material, 90% of the volume of the ice layer 9 is submerged under the water surface. In order to make the icebreaker boot body 4 and the catamaran icebreaker sheet bodies 2 on both sides of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 contact the ice layer 9 as much as possible at the same time, the vertical adjustment displacement of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is at least 90% of the thickness of the ice layer 9. The radar ice thickness gauge 71 is connected to the linear motor signal. The thickness of the ice layer 9 is measured in real time by the radar ice thickness gauge 71 to transmit the ice thickness signal to the linear motor, and the position of the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 is adjusted in time. In this embodiment, the signal connection method between the radar ice thickness gauge 71 and the linear motor is the existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0050] Furthermore, inspection manholes can be provided on the top plates of the launching cabin 12 and the icebreaker boot independent cabin 3 as required to facilitate subsequent maintenance operations.

[0051] Reference Figure 4-Figure 9 When the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 moves forward, the icebreaker boot body 4 and the catamaran icebreaker sheet body 2 below the waterline contact the ice layer 9 at the same time, and the icebreaker boot body 4 applies a vertical upward force to the ice layer 9, and the catamaran icebreaker sheet body 2 applies a vertical downward force to form an icebreaker shear structure to achieve shearing and crushing of the ice layer 9. According to relevant specifications, with reference to the bow inclination angle of the bow of a conventional icebreaker, the value range of the downward inclination angle α of the icebreaker boot body 4 is selected to be 20° to 45°. According to the needs of the icebreaking task, the icebreaking capability of the icebreaker using this technology is positioned at low ice level (PC7 and below), and the ice conditions of the year. The present invention can adjust the downward inclination angle α of the icebreaker boot body 4 according to the real-time ice thickness measured by the radar ice thickness measuring instrument 71 to improve the adaptability of the icebreaker shear to different ice thickness environments. As the ice thickness increases, the downward inclination angle α decreases to increase the vertical load applied by the icebreaker boot, making the ice layer 9 easier to break. The selection of the icebreaker boot downward inclination angle α corresponding to the specific ice layer 9 thickness needs to be determined through ice pool tests or numerical simulations of ship-ice collisions. The downward inclination angle α corresponding to different ice thicknesses is determined by weighted consideration of the vertical force on the boot structure and the ice resistance on the icebreaker.

[0052] According to relevant specifications, with reference to the bow inclination angle of the bow column of conventional icebreakers, the bow inclination angle θ of the catamaran icebreaker body 2 needs to meet the design characteristics of conventional icebreakers. The selection range of the bow inclination angle θ is 20°~45°, which is specifically selected according to the sea ice conditions of the operation target. The selection of the bow inclination angle θ needs to be determined through ice pool tests or ship-ice collision numerical simulations. The bow inclination angle θ corresponding to different ice thicknesses is determined by weighted consideration of the vertical force on the boot structure and the ice resistance on the icebreaker. Among them, ice pool tests or ship-ice collision numerical simulations are existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0053] Reference Figure 7-Figure 9During icebreaking operation, a cavity needs to be formed between the two catamaran icebreaker bodies 2 and the icebreaker boot body 4 of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1, so that the broken ice can be discharged from the middle, thereby reducing ice resistance. Therefore, the catamaran icebreaker bodies 2 on both sides should be made as narrow as possible to expand the cavity width as much as possible, thereby reducing the accumulation of broken ice. Considering that the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 has to bear a large ice load, the catamaran icebreaker body 2 needs enough space to arrange the structure. At the same time, if the distance between the catamaran icebreaker body 2 and the icebreaker boot body 4 is too far, the icebreaking shear effect will be weakened, reducing the degree of crushing of the broken ice surface. Since the icebreaking width is basically determined by the distance between the bow of the catamaran icebreaker body 2, in order to increase the icebreaking width, it is necessary to reduce the bow outward tilt and increase the ratio of the distance D between the bow of the catamaran icebreaker body 2 and the center of the icebreaker boot body 4 and the ship width B of the catamaran icebreaker hull 1 as much as possible. In summary, it is determined that the interval D is in the range of B / 4 to B / 3, and the width B1 of the catamaran icebreaker body 2 is approximately B / 4.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not any formal or substantial limitation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the present invention, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes made by using the technical content disclosed above, which are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any changes, modifications and evolutions of any equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An icebreaker with a variable-angle adaptive icebreaker shear, comprising a catamaran icebreaker hull (1) and a catamaran icebreaker blade body (2), wherein the catamaran icebreaker blade body (2) is provided with two pieces and is disposed on both sides of the bottom wall of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1), characterized in that: A hollow groove (11) is longitudinally opened in the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1), an icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) is vertically lifted and lowered in the hollow groove (11), an icebreaker boot body (4) is movably connected in the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3), the icebreaker boot body (4) can extend out of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) and form an icebreaker shear structure with the outer wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1) between the two catamaran icebreaker blade bodies (2), so as to achieve icebreaking through shearing movement; It also includes an ice thickness measurement and feedback system (7), which is arranged on the catamaran icebreaker hull (1) and located in front of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3). The ice thickness measurement and feedback system (7) is used to monitor the thickness of the ice layer (9) so as to adaptively adjust the descent height of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) and the rotation angle of the icebreaker boot body (4).

2. An icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical displacement guide rails (5) are arranged on the inner wall of the peripheral side of the hollow slot (11), at least one linear motor is arranged on the vertical displacement guide rail (5), and the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) is fixedly connected to the sliders (66) of the plurality of linear motors and is clamped with the plurality of vertical displacement guide rails (5).

3. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 2, characterized in that: A watertight plate (13) is arranged on the inner wall of the peripheral side of the empty slot (11), and a plurality of the vertical displacement guide rails (5) are arranged on the watertight plate (13).

4. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving assembly (6) for driving the icebreaker boot body (4) to perform shearing movement is arranged in the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3), and the driving assembly (6) comprises an icebreaker boot support rod (61), an icebreaker boot vertical support rod (62), a main control motor (63), an inclination adjustment auxiliary motor (64), a limiting slide rail (65) and a slider (66). The main control motor (63) is arranged on the top inner wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3), one end of the icebreaker boot support rod (61) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the main control motor (63), and the other end of the icebreaker boot support rod (61) is fixedly connected to the inclination adjustment auxiliary motor (64). The inclination adjustment auxiliary motor (66) The output shaft of the icebreaker boot is penetrated by the icebreaker boot support rod (61), one end of the icebreaker boot vertical support rod (62) is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the tilt angle adjustment auxiliary motor (64), the limiting slide rail (65) is arranged on the top wall of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3), the slider (66) is slidably arranged on the limiting slide rail (65) in the direction approaching or away from the main control motor (63), the other end of the icebreaker boot vertical support rod (62) is rotated on the slider (66), the icebreaker boot support rod (61), the icebreaker boot vertical support rod (62) and the limiting slide rail (65) form a triangular support structure, and the icebreaker boot body (4) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the tilt angle adjustment auxiliary motor (64).

5. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 4, characterized in that: The size of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3), and the lengths of the icebreaker boot body (4), the icebreaker boot support rod (61) and the icebreaker boot vertical support rod (62) are determined according to the draft and displacement of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1) and the target ice breaking ice thickness, and the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) is installed in a modular manner with the icebreaker boot body (4) and the drive assembly (6).

6. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 2, characterized in that: A launching cabin (12) is provided on the bottom wall of the bow of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1), and a hatch cover (8) is provided at the opening of the launching cabin (12). The ice thickness measurement and feedback system (7) is arranged in the launching cabin (12), and the ice thickness measurement and feedback system (7) comprises a radar ice thickness measuring instrument (71), a laser rangefinder (72) and a launching track (73). The launching track (73) is arranged on the inner wall of the launching cabin (12). The radar ice thickness measuring instrument (71) is arranged on a side of the launching track (73) facing the catamaran icebreaker hull (1), and is driven by the launching track (73) to extend into or out of the launching cabin (12). The laser rangefinder (72) is arranged at the bottom of the launching track (73) and is electrically connected to the launching track (73) so as to launch the radar ice thickness measuring instrument (71) to an appropriate position.

7. An icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical adjustment displacement of the icebreaker boot independent cabin (3) is at least 90% of the thickness of the ice layer (9); the radar ice thickness measuring instrument (71) is connected to the linear motor signal, and the thickness of the ice layer (9) is measured in real time by the radar ice thickness measuring instrument (71).

8. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the icebreaker boot body (4) is between 20° and 45°, and the bow inclination angle of the catamaran icebreaker body (2) is between 20° and 45°.

9. The icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the catamaran icebreaker hull (1) is set to B, the width B1 of the catamaran icebreaker body (2) is B / 4, and the distance D between the bow of the catamaran icebreaker body (2) and the center of the icebreaker boot body (4) is in the range of B / 4 to B / 3.

10. An icebreaker with variable angle adaptive icebreaker shears as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The catamaran icebreaker sheet body (2) and the icebreaker boot body (4) form a cavity for discharging crushed ice.

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