Application of rhodopseudomonas palustris and organic water-soluble fertilizer to improvement of tobacco leaf quality and method

Abstract

The invention discloses application of rhodopseudomonas palustris and an organic water-soluble fertilizer to improvement of tobacco leaf quality and a method. The method comprises the step that diluted rhodopseudomonas palustris and the organic water-soluble fertilizer are sprayed to tobacco at the root extending stage and the vigorous growing stage of the tobacco at the same time respectively. The plant height, stem girth and leaf number of tobacco can be increased, the content of nicotine and chlorine is reduced, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar of tobacco leaves is increased, and the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco growth, and in particular to an application and method of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and organic water-soluble fertilizer to improve tobacco leaf quality. Background Art

[0002] Tobacco has a long history of cultivation in China. It is one of the important cash crops in my country's agricultural production and occupies an important position in the national economy. The quality of tobacco leaves is closely related to economic value, and the quality of tobacco leaves is inseparable from the early field planting and the later baking process. Field planting is the basis of tobacco leaf baking and an important factor affecting the quality of tobacco leaves. April to July each year is the main precipitation period in Hunan, accounting for 52.1% of the total annual precipitation. During this period, tobacco is planted and grown. There is little sunlight and much rain, and the photosynthetic capacity is insufficient, which can easily lead to weak growth of tobacco and easy breeding of diseases and insect pests, which seriously affects tobacco growth and further affects tobacco quality. In order to improve the quality of tobacco field planting, it is necessary to strengthen tobacco field planting management technology to improve tobacco growth and photosynthetic efficiency to ensure the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0003] Rhodopseudomonas palustris is an ancient photosynthetic bacterium. Its body is rich in riboflavin, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), extracellular proteins and acylserine lactones (AHL) and other biologically active factors. It is widely used in food, animal husbandry, environmental governance and agriculture. Studies have shown that the application of photosynthetic bacteria in tobacco planting can improve tobacco's adaptability to drought and high temperature, thereby improving tobacco yield and quality. Other studies have shown that spraying tobacco with photosynthetic bacteria will significantly increase nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes, nitrate bacteria, sulfide bacteria, and ammonification bacteria in the soil after one month; while filamentous fungi and denitrifying bacteria are greatly reduced; tobacco dry matter accumulation increased by 13.7%, and it was also found that photosynthetic bacteria can induce tobacco to enhance its antiviral activity. Seaweed fertilizer is an organic water-soluble fertilizer that can promote the balanced and healthy growth of various organs of plants such as roots, stems and leaves, and has the functions of root promotion, stress resistance and disease resistance. It is widely used in cucumbers, tomatoes and other solanaceous fruits, melons, tea, apples, citrus, corn, rice, etc., but has not been used in tobacco. There are no reports in the prior art on the simultaneous application of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and seaweed fertilizer on tobacco to improve tobacco quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application and method for improving the quality of tobacco leaves by using Rhodopseudomonas palustris and organic water-soluble fertilizer, which method is easy to operate and environmentally friendly.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A Rhodopseudomonas sp. GJ-22, whose classification name is Rhodopseudomonas sp. GJ-22, has been deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, and the deposit number is CGMCC NO: 17356.

[0007] An organic water-soluble fertilizer is a seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer containing organic matter ≥150g / L, K2O ≥60g / L, pH 7.0-9.0 and water-insoluble matter ≤20g / L.

[0008] A method for improving tobacco leaf quality comprises the steps of spraying Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 and seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer on the surface of the tobacco leaves.

[0009] Furthermore, the concentration of the bacteria in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 bacterial agent is 1×10 9 cfu / mL~9×10 9 cfu / mL, the dilution factor was 300 times.

[0010] Furthermore, the dilution multiple of the 150 g / L seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1000 times.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of the bacteria in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 inoculant was 5×10 9 cfu / mL.

[0012] Furthermore, 5×10 9 cfu / mL of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22300 times diluted and 150g / L seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer 1000 times diluted once, and apply the second time during the vigorous growth period of tobacco.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the diluted solution of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 to the diluted solution of the seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1 to 5:1.

[0014] The invention also discloses the application of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 and organic water-soluble fertilizer in the field of improving tobacco leaf quality.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages:

[0016] The present invention applies Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 and Acadian seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer at the same time in the root extension period and the vigorous growth period of tobacco, respectively, once each, which can increase the height, stem girth, and leaf number of tobacco, increase the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves, reduce the content of nicotine and chlorine, increase the content of reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves, and thus effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves. The method has the advantages of simple operation, environmental friendliness, non-toxicity to humans and animals, and no phytotoxicity to crops. The simultaneous application can not only synergize and enhance the effect, but also is not easy to make pests and diseases develop drug resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the grade ratio of tobacco leaves with different treatments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0019] Example 1: Application of the implementation scheme in the field

[0020] The experiment was conducted in a tobacco field. The tobacco variety was Yunyan 87. It was sown around December 20, 2023 and transplanted on March 20, 2024. The pesticide was applied on April 15, 2024 and May 8, 2024, respectively. The application method was spraying. There were 4 treatments in the experiment:

[0021] Treatment 1: 5×10 9 cfu / mL Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 300 times liquid;

[0022] Treatment 2: 5×10 9 cfu / mL of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 300 times diluted and 150g / L of Acadian seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer 1000 times diluted;

[0023] Treatment 3: 150 g / L Arcadian seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer 1000 times diluted;

[0024] Treatment 4: blank control. 150 m 2 , repeat 3 times.

[0025] The Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain GJ-22 screened in this example is classified and named Rhodopseudomonas sp. GJ-22, and has been deposited in the General Microbiological Center of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with a deposit date of March 19, 2019 and a deposit number of CGMCC NO: 17356.

[0026] The organic water-soluble fertilizer is a seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer containing organic matter ≥150g / L, K2O ≥60g / L, pH 7.0-9.0 and water-insoluble matter ≤20g / L.

[0027] The mass ratio of the diluted solution of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 to the diluted solution of the seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1 to 5:1; the more preferred mass ratio is 3:1.

[0028] This example describes in detail the experiment of spraying tobacco leaves with a mass ratio of 3:1 of diluted solution of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 and diluted solution of seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer:

[0029] Tobacco leaves are cured in a standard intensive curing room with rising airflow and a three-stage curing process with medium temperature and medium humidity. Tobacco leaves are harvested in four treatments at the same time and placed in the same curing room for curing; tobacco leaves from two rooms are harvested and cured each time. Other cultivation and management technical measures are carried out in accordance with the technical plan for flue-cured tobacco production.

[0030] Main measurement indicators and methods:

[0031] (1) Determination of main agronomic traits: 7 days after topping, 10 representative tobacco plants were selected from each plot and their plant height, stem girth, number of leaves, and maximum leaf length and width were measured.

[0032] (2) Determination of the main chemical indicators of tobacco leaves: The main chemical indicators include: total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine, nitrogen, potassium, and chlorine, and the reducing sugar / total sugar, nitrogen / nicotine, and potassium / chlorine are calculated. Nitrogen is determined by the Kjeldahl method, chlorine is determined by potentiometric titration, reducing sugar is determined by DNS colorimetry, potassium is determined by flame photometry, and total sugar is determined by acid hydrolysis-phenol method; reducing sugar / total sugar, nitrogen / nicotine, and potassium / chlorine are calculated.

[0033] (3) Determination of main economic traits: Each treatment was harvested and cured together, and the appearance quality of the cured tobacco leaves was identified. The cured tobacco leaves were graded according to the national standard for grade 42 flue-cured tobacco, and the yield, output value, average price, and proportion of upper and middle grade tobacco leaves of each treatment were statistically analyzed. Among them, Table 1 shows the main agronomic traits of tobacco leaves; Table 2 shows the main chemical components of tobacco leaves from different treatments; Table 3 shows the grade classification of tobacco leaves from different treatments and their percentages.

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

[0036] It can be seen from Table 1 above that the plant height, stem girth and number of leaves of Treatment 2 are the highest, which are 161.29 cm, 3.00 cm and 17.00 cm respectively, and the maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width of Treatment 1 are the highest, which are 73.07 cm and 28.43 cm respectively. The above results show that the application of the bacterial agent of the present invention is beneficial to the growth of tobacco plant height, the increase of stem girth and the number of leaves.

[0037] Table 2

[0038]

[0039] As can be seen from Table 2, the total sugar, reducing sugar, nitrogen-nicotine ratio, potassium-chlorine ratio, reducing sugar-nicotine ratio, and reducing sugar-to-total sugar ratio in Treatment 2 are all higher than those in Blank Control Treatment 4, and the contents of chlorine, nicotine, nitrogen, and potassium are all lower than those in Blank Control Treatment 4, which shows that the application of the bacterial agent of the present invention is beneficial to improving the main chemical components of tobacco leaves, thereby promoting the improvement of tobacco leaf quality.

[0040] Table 3

[0041]

[0042] From Table 3 and Figure 1 It can be seen that the proportion of C3F in treatment 2 is the highest at 39.54%, followed by treatment 3 at 34.47%. The sum of the proportions of C3F and C4F in treatment 2 is also the highest at 81.38%, followed by treatment 1 at 77.07%. The above results show that the application of the bacterial agent of the present invention is beneficial to improving the grade of tobacco leaves, thereby improving tobacco quality and increasing tobacco benefits.

[0043] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as above, the above contents are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22, which is classified and named Rhodopseudomonas sp. GJ-22 and has been deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration with a deposit number of CGMCC NO: 17356.

2. An organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: It is a seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer containing organic matter ≥150g / L, K2O ≥60g / L, pH 7.0-9.0 and water-insoluble matter ≤20g / L.

3. A method for improving tobacco leaf quality, characterized in that: The method comprises the step of spraying the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 according to claim 1 and the seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2 onto the surface of tobacco leaves.

4. The method for improving tobacco leaf quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration of the bacteria in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 bacterial agent is 1×10 9 cfu / mL~9×10 9 cfu / mL, the dilution factor was 300 times.

5. The method for improving tobacco leaf quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dilution multiple of 150g / L seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1000 times.

6. The method for improving tobacco leaf quality according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the bacteria in the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 bacterial agent is 5×10 9 cfu / mL.

7. The method for improving tobacco leaf quality according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: During the root extension period of tobacco, 5×10 9 cfu / mL of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 300 times diluted and 150g / L seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer 1000 times diluted once, and apply the second time during the tobacco vigorous period.

8. The method for improving tobacco leaf quality according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the diluted solution of Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 to the diluted solution of the seaweed organic water-soluble fertilizer is 1 to 5:

1.

9. Use of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris GJ-22 and organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 8 in the field of improving tobacco leaf quality.

Images