Magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity and preparation and regulation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is evenly divided into n arc-shaped cross-sectional units along the circumferential direction. i water film sensors are provided inside each arc-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, and two copper electrodes are led out of each water film sensor at both ends. j electromagnetic coils are provided outside each arc-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, and the two poles of the electromagnetic coils are fixed to the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. The gaps between adjacent electromagnetic coils and the bearing housing are filled with iron blocks, and the iron blocks and the electromagnetic coils form a magnetic flux loop. The invention solves the problem that conventional rubber bearings have insufficient bearing capacity of water-lubricated rubber bearings, unadjustable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the lubrication interface, insufficient noise reduction and wear resistance, and other problems that restrict the performance improvement of rubber sliding bearings due to the unadjustable sleeve material properties and interface lubrication state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of intelligent rubber bearings, and relates to a hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing and a preparation and regulation method thereof, in particular to a hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing and a preparation and bearing surface hydrophilic-hydrophobic online regulation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a commonly used part in a transmission structure, a bearing is one of key factors for normal operation of the whole power system. A metal bearing is often used as a bearing material due to its characteristics of high strength, high rigidity and high wear resistance, but the metal bearing with oil as a lubricating medium will still cause material leakage and generate a large noise even if a tight sealing structure is provided, resulting in environmental pollution and energy loss.

[0003] A rubber polymer material is often used as a bearing material due to its good vibration and water absorption capacity, and a water-lubricated rubber bearing solves the noise pollution. Compared with a traditional metal bearing, the water-lubricated rubber bearing has a smaller friction coefficient and reduces wear of a mechanical system. However, the water-lubricated rubber bearing has insufficient bearing capacity due to small modulus and hardness of the rubber polymer material, and is difficult to bear high pressure and high strength, which limits application scenarios of the water-lubricated rubber bearing.

[0004] Under shaft system starting and stopping and sudden load and disturbance, a "circumferential-axial interface" of a shaft and a bearing (including a groove) will generate different lubrication state characteristic (dry friction, boundary lubrication, mixed lubrication and interface dynamic pressure lubrication) regions. For different solid-liquid interface lubrication characteristics, some scholars change parameters such as hardness, thickness and groove number of the rubber and loading conditions such as rotating speed and load to realize friction reduction and vibration reduction. However, the solid-liquid interface lubrication state cannot be changed through real-time regulation of hydrophilic-hydrophobic of the contact surface, so that the effect of friction reduction and slip increase cannot be achieved. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the application provides a hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing and a preparation and regulation method thereof to solve the problems that the traditional rubber bearing has insufficient bearing capacity, the lubrication interface is not adjustable, the noise reduction and wear resistance are insufficient, and the performance of the rubber sliding bearing is limited due to the performance of the shaft sleeve material and the interface lubrication state being not adjustable. On one hand, the bearing capacity of the water-lubricated rubber bearing is improved and the magnetic field regulation range is increased by adding foam metal. On the other hand, the contact parameters of the rubber sleeve surface and the water film are changed by a magnetic field generating device to realize real-time regulation of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic of the contact surface, so that the effects of friction reduction and slip increase, vibration suppression and noise reduction are achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] The application discloses a hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing which comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve and a bearing shell sleeved outside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve, an interface water film is formed on the inner circumferential side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve, the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve is evenly divided into n arc cross-section units in the circumferential direction, a water film sensor is arranged inside each arc cross-section unit, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged outside each arc cross-section unit, i water film sensors are arranged inside each arc cross-section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve, two copper electrodes are led out from the two ends of each water film sensor, j electromagnetic coils are arranged outside each arc cross-section unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve, the two poles of the electromagnetic coil are fixed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve, and a gap between adjacent electromagnetic coils and the bearing shell is filled with an iron block, and the iron block and the electromagnetic coil form a magnetic flux loop.

[0008] Further, the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve is made of ferromagnetic particles, foam metal and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal is filled in the semi-solid magnetorheological rubber bearing sleeve made of the ferromagnetic particles and the silicone rubber in a ring array mode.

[0009] Further, the foam metal is one or more of foam iron, foam chromium and foam nickel magnetic conductive foam, wherein the porosity of the foam metal is 95%-98%, the density is 0.3-0.8 g / cm 3 , and the size is a circular sheet shape with a diameter of 1-5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm or a square shape with a side length of 2 mm.

[0010] Further, the foam metal is a through-hole structure with high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio and high vibration and noise reduction efficiency.

[0011] Further, the iron block is fixed on the inner side of the bearing shell through an adhesive, and a limiting groove for accommodating the electromagnetic coil is uniformly arranged between the iron blocks on the inner side of the bearing shell and has a cuboid shape.

[0012] Further, a protruding part protruding towards the bearing shell is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve between adjacent water film sensors, and a groove for accommodating the water film sensor is arranged on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve between adjacent protruding parts.

[0013] Further, a clamping groove for accommodating the iron block is arranged on the outer side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve between adjacent electromagnetic coils, and the iron block and the clamping groove on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve are fixedly connected through a bolt.

[0014] The preparation method of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing is used for preparing the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing and comprises the following steps.

[0015] S1, the silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles, curing agent according to 10:6:1 volume ratio is mixed, after high speed centrifugal stirring is placed in the acrylic sleeve mold with deep mesh shape, after injection molding is placed in 80 DEG C heating drying box heating to semi-cured state after taking out, the foam metal particles are filled with annular mesh, and the mesh of the semi-cured magnetorheological rubber sleeve is closely and uniformly attached, a plurality of closed pore channels are formed, the mass transfer and heat transfer performance is improved; after the foam metal filling is completed, it is heated to complete fusion again by placing it in the 80 DEG C heating drying box, and the sample is taken out from the mold after cooling is completed;

[0016] S2, the two ends of the electromagnetic coil installed on the outer periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal glue sleeve are led out radially outside the shaft, and the iron block is installed in the gap around the electromagnetic coil to form a magnetic circuit and reduce the magnetic flux leakage. At the same time, the iron block and the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve are fixed by bolts, and the water film sensor is installed inside the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve. The two electrodes of the water film sensor are led out circumferentially outside the shaft.

[0017] S3, the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is fixed in the bearing shell at the center of the sliding bearing support through the shaft center, and the sliding bearing support is bolted on one side.

[0018] Further, in step S1, the curing agent is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, dibutyltin dilaurate and diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, the mesh shape of the acrylic sleeve mold is circular or square, and the depth value is greater than the thickness of the foam metal by 2-3 mm, thereby improving the heat transfer performance.

[0019] The method for controlling the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing surface, which is applied to the above-mentioned magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1, before the electromagnetic coil around the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is powered, the contact thickness of the contact surface is detected by the water film sensor , and the contact pressure is measured by the water drop angle tester , and the contact modulus of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve at this time is calculated , and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties are further judged, wherein the contact modulus is obtained by the formula ;

[0021] Specifically, after the electromagnetic coil around the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is powered, when the contact angle , the contact thickness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve at this time is measured , and the contact pressure , and the critical contact modulus is obtained by the formula , indicates that the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing is hydrophobic; if , indicates that the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing is hydrophilic; , indicates that the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing is hydrophilic;

[0022] S2, the driving electromagnetic coil of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing is selected according to different working conditions, different frequency, direction and strength of the magnetic field are output to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing, the surface magnetic control contact modulus and the contact angle of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing are changed, so that the hydrophilic and hydrophobic conversion of different lubrication state characteristics of the contact surface is realized.

[0023] Further, the contact angle size in step S1 is measured by a water drop angle tester, when the contact angle of the water drop and the material is < 90°, the material shows hydrophilic; the contact angle < 10°, the material shows superhydrophilic; the contact angle = 0°, then the material shows complete wettability; the contact angle > 90°, the material is considered to be hydrophobic; the contact angle > 150°, the material is defined as superhydrophobic.

[0024] Further, in step S2, the application of the forward magnetic field can reduce the roughness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing, so as to cause the contact angle to decrease and the contact modulus to increase, and realize the increase of the hydrophilic of the contact surface; the application of the reverse magnetic field can increase the roughness of the contact surface, so as to cause the contact angle to increase and the contact modulus to decrease, and realize the increase of the hydrophobic of the contact surface.

[0025] Further, in step S2, the contact surface has different lubrication state characteristics, including dry friction, boundary lubrication and full film dynamic pressure lubrication.

[0026] The present application has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilic and hydrophobic disclosed in the present application mainly comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing, a bearing support, a bearing shell, a passive water film sensor and an electromagnetic field control device. The present application adds ferromagnetic particles and foam metal in the traditional rubber bushing, which can improve the carrying capacity of the water-lubricated rubber bearing under low-speed heavy load conditions and the magnetic effect. By driving the array electromagnetic coil, different frequency, direction and strength of the magnetic field are output, the active ferromagnetic particles in the bushing are magnetized into chains under the action of the magnetic field, and micro convex peaks are formed on the surface of the bushing; under the action of the interface water film pressure and the contact force, the change of the magnetic controlled contact angle and the magnetic controlled viscosity and slip are affected. The present application can independently and online measure the contact angle of the water film-bushing surface under the action of the magnetic field, realize the reversible conversion of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic of the magnetorheological water-lubricated rubber bearing surface, realize the magnetic controlled hydrophilic and hydrophobic conversion and the slip performance regulation, and provide a new method for the design of the friction-resistant and wear-resistant and self-lubricating controllable bushing.

[0028] 2、The hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing disclosed by the application generates a controllable magnetic field by power supply to the electromagnetic coil, detects the water film thickness and water film pressure of water droplets and the shaft sleeve contact surface under the magnetic field condition by using the water film sensor and outputs as the contact angle and contact modulus, and realizes the conversion of hydrophilic-hydrophobic by using the size of the contact angle and contact modulus, so that the effect of slip increasing and friction reducing is achieved, and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing has the characteristics of self-perception, self-regulation, fast response, high stability, etc., improves the slip increasing performance of the water-lubricated bearing, and prolongs the service life.

[0029] 3、The hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing disclosed by the application, the foam metal in the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve is a through-hole structure with high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio, high-efficiency vibration and noise reduction, etc., under the regulation of the magnetic field, the magnetically conductive foam metal has magnetism, the ferromagnetic particles occur agglomeration and adhere to the surface of the foam metal cavity structure, and the coupling effect is generated with the chain-shaped ferromagnetic particles, the carrying capacity and the magnetic effect of the material are improved, the foam metal is commonly used as an energy-absorbing, sound-absorbing and high-modulus material, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, navigation, vehicle engineering, etc. The foam metal is added in the traditional magnetorheological rubber sleeve, the carrying capacity under the condition of low speed and heavy load is increased, the application scene and field of the water-lubricated rubber bearing are expanded, the double-regulation mechanism of the foam metal and the ferromagnetic particles is realized, and the parameter regulation range under the magnetic field condition is improved.

[0030] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be better understood from the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a whole structure circumferential schematic view of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a whole structure circumferential schematic view of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing of the present application. Figure 1 It is a metal bearing shell structure schematic view.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a metal bearing shell structure schematic view. Figure 1 It is an axial structure schematic view of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, wherein Figure 3 (a) is an electromagnetic coil installation schematic view on the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve, Figure 3 (b) is a surface internal structure schematic view of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve.

[0035] Figure 4 For Figure 1 Passive water film sensor installation diagram in each arc section unit;

[0036] Figure 5 For Figure 1 Surface hydrophilic-hydrophobic reversible conversion diagram of magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing under magnetic field regulation, wherein Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing under the action of the magnetic field; Figure 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing under the action of the magnetic field.

[0037] Reference signs: bearing shell 1, iron block 2, electromagnetic coil 3, magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4, ferromagnetic particles 41, micro-convex peaks 42, interface water film 43, foam metal 44, water film sensor 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the disclosure of the present specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the specification based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application.

[0039] As Figures 1-4The hydrophobicity-controllable magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing shown in the figure comprises a magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 and a bearing shell 1 sleeved outside the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4, an interface water film 43 can be formed on the inner circumferential side of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4, the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 is evenly divided into n arc cross-section units in the circumferential direction, a water film sensor 5 is installed inside each arc cross-section unit, and an electromagnetic coil 3 is installed outside each arc cross-section unit, i water film sensors 5 are arranged inside each arc cross-section unit along the axial direction of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4, a protruding part protruding towards the bearing shell 1 is formed on the inner side of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 between adjacent water film sensors 5, a groove for accommodating the water film sensor 5 is arranged on the inner side of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 between adjacent protruding parts, and the groove is in one of a square shape, a triangular shape and a circular shape. Two copper electrodes are led out from both ends of each water film sensor 5; j electromagnetic coils 3 are arranged outside each arc cross-section unit along the axial direction of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4, two poles of the electromagnetic coil 3 are fixed on the periphery of the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4, a gap between adjacent electromagnetic coils 3 and the bearing shell 1 is filled with an iron block 2, the iron block 2 is fixed on the inner side of the bearing shell 1 through an adhesive, and the iron block 2 and a clamping groove on the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 are fixedly connected through a bolt. The magnetically conductive iron block 2 and the electromagnetic coil 3 form a magnetic flux loop to reduce magnetic leakage.

[0040] In the formula, the magnetic-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing sleeve 4 is made of ferromagnetic particles 41, foam metal 44 and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal 44 is filled in the semi-solid magnetic-rheological rubber bearing sleeve made of the ferromagnetic particles 41 and the silicone rubber in a ring array mode. During processing, when the magnetic-rheological rubber bearing sleeve is in a semi-solid state, the foam metal 44 is closely and uniformly attached to the mesh holes on the magnetic-rheological rubber bearing sleeve in a ring array filling mode to form multiple closed pore channels, thereby improving the mass transfer and heat transfer performance. The foam metal 44 is one or more of foam iron, foam chromium and foam nickel, wherein the porosity of the foam metal 44 is 95%-98%, the density is 0.3-0.8 g / cm 3 , and the size is a circular disc shape with a diameter of 1-5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm or a square shape with a side length of 2 mm. The foam metal has a through-hole structure with high specific stiffness, high Poisson's ratio and high vibration and noise reduction efficiency. The addition of the foam metal in the traditional rubber bearing sleeve can increase the bearing capacity under low-speed heavy-load conditions; under the action of a magnetic field, the ferromagnetic particles 41 are aggregated and attached to the surface of the foam metal cavity structure, the spacing between the ferromagnetic particles 41 molecules is reduced, the magnetic control elastic modulus of the magnetic-rheological rubber bearing sleeve is increased, a double-objective regulation mechanism of the ferromagnetic particles 41 and the foam metal 44 is realized, and the magnetic effect of the magnetic-rheological rubber bearing sleeve can be improved.

[0041] Under the action of the magnetic field, the active ferromagnetic particles 41 in the shaft sleeve are magnetized into chains, forming micro-bumps 42 on the surface of the shaft sleeve, and the surface roughness of the shaft sleeve changes; under the action of the interface water film 43 pressure and contact force, the change of the magnetic control contact angle, the magnetic control adhesive friction and the hysteresis friction are affected; the change of the magnetic control adhesive friction and the hysteresis friction is guided, leading to the transformation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic behavior.

[0042] The magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve 4 and the lubricating medium water generate multiple magnetic control contact surfaces and form an interface water film 43, the passive water film sensor 5 is arranged to sense the pressure and thickness of the water film on the contact surface, and the electromagnetic coil 3 receives the sensing signal and provides a magnetic field with different frequencies, directions and strengths, adaptively changes the contact parameters of the shaft sleeve-water film contact surface, thereby regulating the friction-reducing and slip-increasing state of the water-lubricated bearing.

[0043] The preparation method of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing is used to prepare the hydrophilic and hydrophobic controllable magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal bearing described above, and includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, mix the silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles 41 and curing agent according to a volume ratio of 10:6:1, put them into a laser-cut acrylic shaft sleeve mold with a deep mesh shape after high-speed centrifugal stirring, put them into a 80℃ heating drying box after injection molding, take them out after heating to a semi-cured state, fill the foam metal particles in the form of annular mesh to closely and uniformly adhere to the mesh of the semi-cured magneto-rheological rubber shaft sleeve, form multiple closed pore channels, and improve the mass and heat transfer performance; after the foam metal filling is completed, put them into the 80℃ heating drying box again to heat to complete fusion, and take them out from the mold after the sample is cooled and completed;

[0045] S2, the two ends of the electromagnetic coil 3 installed on the outer periphery of the magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve 4 are led out radially, the iron block 2 is installed in the gap around the electromagnetic coil 3, forming a magnetic circuit to reduce magnetic leakage, at the same time, the iron block 2 and the magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve 4 are fixed by bolts, and the water film sensor 5 is installed inside the magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve 4, and the two electrodes of the water film sensor 5 are led out circumferentially;

[0046] S3, the magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve 4 is fixed in the bearing housing 1 at the center of the sliding bearing support through the shaft center, and the sliding bearing support is bolted on one side.

[0047] The main material of the magneto-rheological rubber-foam metal shaft sleeve is ferromagnetic particles 41 and foam metal, which can improve the modulus and stiffness of the shaft sleeve on the one hand, and the electromagnetic coil can realize double-object regulation and control of the ferromagnetic particles 41 and the foam metal after electrification, producing magnetostriction-rheological effect, which can improve the range of magnetic field regulation.

[0048] As Figure 5 shown, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bearing surface hydrophilic-hydrophobic online regulation method applied to the above-mentioned hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable hydrophilic-hydrophobic controllable magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bearing comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, before the electromagnetic coil 3 outside the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 is powered on, the contact thickness of the contact surface is detected by the water film sensor and the contact pressure , the contact angle of the contact surface is measured by the water drop angle tester , and the contact modulus of the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 at this time is calculated , and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property is further judged, wherein the contact modulus is obtained by the formula ;

[0050] Specifically, after the electromagnetic coil 3 outside the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 is powered on, when the contact angle , the contact thickness of the contact surface of the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 at this time is measured and the contact pressure , the critical contact modulus is obtained by the formula , if , it indicates that the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 is hydrophobic; if , it indicates that the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 is hydrophilic.

[0051] The contact angle is measured by the water drop angle tester. When the contact angle of the water drop and the material is <90°, the material shows hydrophilic property; when the contact angle is <10°, the material shows superhydrophilic property; when the contact angle =0°, the material shows complete wetting property; when the contact angle >90°, the material is considered to be hydrophobic; when the contact angle >150°, the material is defined as superhydrophobic.

[0052] S2, according to different working conditions, the electromagnetic coil 3 outside the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 is selected to output magnetic fields with different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4, causing the surface magnetic control contact modulus and the contact angle of the magnetic rheological rubber-foam metal bushing 4 to change, so as to realize the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion of different lubrication state characteristics (dry friction, boundary lubrication, full film dynamic pressure lubrication) of the contact surface.

[0053] The water film sensor can sense the contact pressure and thickness of the water film-axle sleeve contact surface, and calculate and output the contact angle and contact modulus; according to different lubrication state characteristics (boundary lubrication, full film dynamic pressure lubrication), a driving array type electromagnetic coil is selected, a magnetic field with different frequency, direction and intensity is output to act on the axle sleeve, the magnetic control contact modulus and contact angle of the surface of the axle sleeve are changed, and thus the hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation of the contact surface is realized.

[0054] According to different lubrication characteristics, the required hydrophilic and hydrophobic state is determined: in the start-up and stop stage of the equipment, the water film-axle sleeve contact surface presents a boundary lubrication state, and the application of a positive magnetic field can reduce the contact angle and increase the contact modulus of the contact surface, realize the increase of the hydrophilicity of the contact surface, and thus achieve the effect of reducing friction and wear; in the high-speed running stage of the equipment, the water film-axle sleeve contact surface presents a full film dynamic pressure lubrication state, and the application of a reverse magnetic field can increase the contact angle and reduce the contact modulus of the contact surface, realize the increase of the hydrophobicity of the contact surface, and reduce the hindering effect of the medium water on the contact interface.

[0055] According to different lubrication state characteristics (boundary lubrication, full film dynamic pressure lubrication), a driving array type electromagnetic coil 3 is selected: the electromagnetic coil outputs a magnetic field with different frequency, direction and intensity to act on the axle sleeve; the water film sensor 5 senses the contact pressure and thickness of the water film-axle sleeve contact surface and outputs the contact angle and contact modulus, and realizes the hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation of the contact surface through the size of the contact angle and contact modulus, so as to realize the reversible regulation and control of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic of the magnetic field controllable hydrophilic and hydrophobic magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing.

[0056] The hydrophilic and hydrophobic is judged through the contact angle and contact modulus of the water film-axle sleeve contact surface, and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic is switched in real time through the magnetic field, so that self-sensing and self-regulation are realized, and the slip performance of the water lubrication bearing is improved.

[0057] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, characterized in that: The invention comprises a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) and a bearing housing (1) sleeved on the outside of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); an interface water film (43) is formed on the inner circumference of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is evenly divided into n arc-shaped cross-sectional units along the circumference; the interior of each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit is used to install a water film sensor (5); the exterior is used to install an electromagnetic coil (3); i water film sensors (5) are arranged inside each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); two copper electrodes are led out from both ends of each water film sensor (5); j electromagnetic coils (3) are arranged outside each arc-shaped cross-sectional unit along the axial direction of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); ), the two poles of the electromagnetic coil (3) are fixed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), and the gap between the adjacent electromagnetic coils 3 and the bearing housing (1) is filled with an iron block (2), and the iron block (2) and the electromagnetic coil (3) form a magnetic flux loop; the water film sensor (5) senses the contact pressure and thickness of the interface water film (43)-magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) contact surface, and outputs the contact angle and contact modulus after calculation; according to different lubrication state characteristics, the driving electromagnetic coil (3) is selected to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) surface to change, thereby realizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic conversion of the contact surface.

2. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is made of ferromagnetic particles (41), foam metal (44), and silicone rubber in a volume ratio of 3:2:5, and the foam metal (44) is filled in a semi-solid magnetorheological rubber sleeve prefabricated with ferromagnetic particles (41) and silicone rubber in an annular array.

3. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The foam metal (44) is one or more of foam iron, foam chromium, and foam nickel magnetic foams, wherein the foam metal (44) has a porosity of 95% to 98% and a density of 0.3 to 0.8 g / cm 3 The size is a disc with a diameter of 1~5mm and a thickness of 2mm or a square with a side length of 2mm.

4. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The iron blocks (2) are fixed to the inner side of the bearing housing (1) by adhesive, and limiting grooves for accommodating the electromagnetic coil (3) are evenly opened between the iron blocks (2) inside the bearing housing (1), and the limiting grooves are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

5. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protrusion protruding toward the bearing housing (1) is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent water film sensors (5), and a groove for accommodating the water film sensor (5) is formed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent protrusions.

6. The magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 3, characterized in that: A clamping groove for accommodating an iron block (2) is provided on the outside of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) between adjacent electromagnetic coils (3); the iron block (2) and the clamping groove on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are fixedly connected by bolts.

7. The method for preparing a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Silicone rubber, ferromagnetic particles (41), and curing agent are mixed in a volume ratio of 10:6:1, and after high-speed centrifugal stirring, are placed in an acrylic sleeve mold with a deep mesh shape. After injection molding, the mixture is placed in an 80°C heating drying oven and heated to a semi-cured state, and then taken out. The foam metal (44) particles are closely and evenly fitted with the mesh of the semi-cured magnetorheological rubber sleeve in a ring-shaped mesh filling manner to form multiple closed pore channels to improve the mass transfer and heat transfer performance. After the foam metal (44) is filled, it is placed in an 80°C heating drying oven again and heated until it is completely fused. After the sample is cooled, it is taken out from the mold; S2. The two ends of the electromagnetic coil (3) installed on the periphery of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are led outward through the shaft diameter, and an iron block (2) is installed in the gap around the electromagnetic coil (3) to form a magnetic circuit and reduce magnetic leakage. At the same time, the iron block (2) and the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) are fixed by bolts, and a water film sensor (5) is installed on the inner side of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4). The two electrodes of the water film sensor (5) are led outward through the shaft circumference; S3. Fix the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) in the bearing housing (1) at the center of the sliding bearing support through the axis, and the sliding bearing support is fixed on one side with bolts.

8. The method for preparing the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the curing agent is one or more of polydimethylsiloxane, dibutyltin dilaurate, and diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane. The mesh shape of the acrylic sleeve mold is circular or square, and the depth is greater than the thickness of the foam metal (44) by 2 to 3 mm to improve the heat transfer performance.

9. The method for online regulating the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before energizing the outer electromagnetic coil (3) of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), use a water film sensor (5) to detect the contact thickness of the contact surface. and contact pressure , use a water drop angle tester to measure the contact angle of the contact surface , the contact modulus of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal rubber sleeve (4) is calculated at this time , and then judge its hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, among which the contact modulus By formula to obtain; Specifically, after the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is energized with the peripheral electromagnetic coil (3), when the contact angle The contact thickness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is measured at this time. and contact pressure , the critical contact modulus is given by the formula It is concluded that if , represents the hydrophobicity of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); if , it indicates the hydrophilicity of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4); S2. According to different working conditions, the peripheral electromagnetic coil (3) of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) is driven to output magnetic fields of different frequencies, directions and intensities to act on the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), causing the magnetically controlled contact modulus and contact angle of the surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4) to change, thereby realizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic transformation of different lubrication state characteristics of the contact surface.

10. The method for online regulating hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a magnetorheological rubber-foam metal bearing with controllable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, a forward magnetic field is applied to reduce the roughness of the contact surface of the magnetorheological rubber-foam metal sleeve (4), thereby reducing the contact angle and increasing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the contact surface; and a reverse magnetic field is applied to increase the roughness of the contact surface, thereby increasing the contact angle and reducing the contact modulus, thereby increasing the hydrophobicity of the contact surface.

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