Device and method for measuring absolute displacement of surrounding rock of coal mine tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device and method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel surrounding rock monitoring. The data sensing device measures the displacement of the coal mine tunnel; the displacement comprises relative displacement between a top plate, a bottom plate, a left wall and a right wall, and relative displacement of base points in the surrounding rock; the data acquisition device acquires displacement, processes the acquired displacement and transmits the processed displacement to the data analysis and display device; the data analysis and display device analyzes and processes the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock of the roadway; the roadway surrounding rock absolute displacement comprises roadway surrounding rock internal absolute displacement and roadway surrounding rock surface absolute displacement. The internal displacement and the surface displacement of the roadway surrounding rock can be monitored at the same time, and measurement accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel surrounding rock monitoring, and in particular to a coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of coal mining, the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock is directly related to the safe production of the mine. The movement monitoring of the surrounding rock of the coal mine tunnel directly reflects the state of the tunnel surrounding rock. By real-time monitoring of the deformation of the surrounding rock, potential safety hazards can be discovered in time to prevent disasters such as roof falls and rock spalling.

[0003] The overall displacement of the tunnel or the asymmetric deformation of the two sides will affect the accuracy of the monitoring data of the tunnel surrounding rock surface displacement, resulting in the inability to obtain the true tunnel surface displacement. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a monitoring device that can simultaneously monitor the internal displacement and surface displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock and eliminate the interference of the overall displacement of the tunnel and the asymmetric deformation of the two sides. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a device and method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel, which can simultaneously monitor the internal displacement and surface displacement of the surrounding rock in the tunnel and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions: In the first aspect, the present application provides an absolute displacement measurement device for surrounding rock of a coal mine tunnel, which is installed on the surface of the coal mine tunnel; the surrounding rock of the coal mine tunnel includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a left side and a right side; the top plate corresponds to the bottom plate; the left side corresponds to the right side.

[0006] The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device includes: a data sensing device, a data acquisition device and a data analysis and display device; the data sensing device is installed at a set position point in the coal mine tunnel, and the data sensing device is connected to the data acquisition device; the data acquisition device is connected to the data analysis and display device.

[0007] The data sensing device is used to measure the displacement of coal mine tunnels; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the top plate where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is the displacement of each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point based on the set position point; based on the set position point, each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock is on a straight line, and the distance between each base point and the set position point is different.

[0008] The data acquisition device is used to obtain the displacement, and after processing the obtained displacement, transmit it to the data analysis and display device; the data analysis and display device is used to analyze and process the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0009] Optionally, the data sensing device includes a surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part and a surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part.

[0010] The surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part includes multiple anchor heads and multiple measuring rope length change sensing devices; the anchor heads correspond to the measuring rope length change sensing devices one by one, and the anchor heads are connected to the measuring rope length change sensing devices via the measuring rope; the multiple anchor heads are arranged at base points of different depths in the monitoring hole.

[0011] The measuring rope length change sensing device is used to measure the length change of the measuring rope when the anchor head moves relative to the tunnel surface, and obtain the displacement of each base point relative to the tunnel surface, so as to determine the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part is used to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides.

[0012] Optionally, the surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part includes a laser radar; the laser radar is used to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right walls.

[0013] Optionally, the data acquisition device includes: a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a communication module; the signal acquisition module is connected to the data sensing device; the signal processing module is connected to the signal acquisition module; and the communication module is respectively connected to the signal processing module and the data analysis and display device.

[0014] The signal acquisition module is used to obtain the displacement; the signal processing module is used to preprocess the displacement to obtain the processed displacement; the preprocessing includes: data cleaning, standardization and normalization; the communication module is used to transmit the processed displacement to the data analysis and display device.

[0015] Optionally, the data acquisition device further includes: a power supply module; the power supply module is respectively connected to the signal acquisition module, the signal processing module and the communication module; the power supply module is used for power supply.

[0016] Optionally, the data analysis and display device includes: an analysis module; the analysis module is connected to the data acquisition device.

[0017] The analysis module is used to determine the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located based on the processed displacement and the deep base point as a fixed point; the deep base point is a base point fixed in a stable rock formation; the absolute displacement of each base point is determined according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock; the base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface; the absolute displacement of the tunnel bottom plate and the corresponding left and right sides are determined according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

[0018] Optionally, the data analysis and display device further includes: a display module; the display module is connected to the analysis module; the display module is used to display the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0019] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel, which is implemented by the absolute displacement measuring device for surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel. The method includes: obtaining the displacement of the coal mine tunnel; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the top plate where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is the displacement of each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point based on the set position point; based on the set position point, each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock is on a straight line, and each base point is at a different distance from the set position point.

[0020] The displacement is processed to obtain a processed displacement; the processed displacement is analyzed to obtain an absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: an absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and an absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0021] Optionally, processing the displacement to obtain a processed displacement specifically includes: performing data cleaning on the displacement to obtain cleaned data; performing standardization processing on the cleaned data to obtain standardized data; and performing normalization processing on the standardized data to obtain a processed displacement.

[0022] Optionally, the processed displacement is analyzed and processed to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock, specifically including: based on the processed displacement, taking the deep base point as a fixed point, determining the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located; the deep base point is a base point fixed in a stable rock formation; according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement, determining the absolute displacement of each base point to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock; the base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface; according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed top and bottom plates and the relative displacement between the left and right sides, determining the absolute displacement of the tunnel bottom plate and the corresponding left and right sides to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

[0023] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: The present application provides a device and method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel. A data sensing device measures the displacement of the coal mine tunnel; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the data acquisition device obtains the displacement and processes it, and transmits it to the data analysis and display device; the data analysis and display device analyzes and processes the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock. Under the premise of not affecting the normal use of the coal mine tunnel, by measuring the relative displacement of the surface of the coal mine tunnel and the relative displacement of each base point, the state of the tunnel surrounding rock is directly reflected after analysis and processing, so as to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock in real time, and avoid the overall displacement of the tunnel or the asymmetric deformation of the two sides will affect the accuracy of the monitoring data of the surface displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock, resulting in the problem of being unable to obtain the real amount of movement of the tunnel surrounding rock. Therefore, the present application can simultaneously monitor the internal displacement and surface displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock, and improve the measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the absolute displacement measurement device for surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the absolute displacement measurement device for surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels, taking 3 anchor heads as an example.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measurement device equipped with three anchor heads as an example.

[0028] Figure markings: first anchor head-1, second anchor head-2, third anchor head-3, first measuring rope-4, second measuring rope-5, third measuring rope-6, first measuring rope length change sensing device-7, second measuring rope length change sensing device-8, third measuring rope length change sensing device-9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In the monitoring of surrounding rock movement in coal mine tunnels, multi-point displacement meters and laser rangefinders are commonly used monitoring equipment. Multi-point displacement meters are used to monitor the relative displacement and delamination changes between tunnel surrounding rocks, and laser rangefinders are used to measure the distance changes between the top and bottom plates of the tunnel or between the two sides of the tunnel. Based on this, the present application designs a device and method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels, especially a device and method for measuring the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock inside and on the surface based on a fusion device of a multi-point displacement meter and a laser rangefinder.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1As shown, a device for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rocks in coal mine tunnels is provided. The device for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rocks in coal mine tunnels is installed on the surface of coal mine tunnels; the surrounding rocks of coal mine tunnels include a roof, a bottom plate, a left side and a right side; the roof corresponds to the bottom plate; the left side corresponds to the right side.

[0033] The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device includes: a data sensing device, a data acquisition device and a data analysis and display device. The data sensing device is installed at a set position point in the coal mine tunnel, and the data sensing device is connected to the data acquisition device; the data acquisition device is connected to the data analysis and display device.

[0034] The data sensing device is used to measure the displacement of coal mine tunnels; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the roof where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is based on the set position point, and the corresponding displacement of each base point set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point; based on the set position point, the corresponding base points set in the surrounding rock are on a straight line, and the distances between each base point and the set position point are different.

[0035] In one embodiment, the data sensing device includes a surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part and a surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part; the surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part includes multiple anchor heads and multiple measuring rope length change sensing devices; the anchor heads correspond one-to-one to the measuring rope length change sensing devices, and the anchor heads are connected to the measuring rope length change sensing devices through the measuring rope; and multiple anchor heads are arranged at base points of different depths in the monitoring hole.

[0036] The measuring rope length change sensing device is used to measure the length change of the measuring rope when the anchor head moves relative to the tunnel surface, obtain the displacement of each base point relative to the tunnel surface, and determine the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock. In practical applications, the base point can be set as a deep base point (fixed point), a middle base point, and a shallow base point.

[0037] The surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part is used to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides. Specifically, the surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part uses a laser radar to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides. The surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part can be a laser rangefinder.

[0038] The data acquisition device is used to obtain the displacement, and after processing the obtained displacement, transmit it to the data analysis and display device.

[0039] In one embodiment, the data acquisition device includes: a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a communication module; the signal acquisition module is connected to the data sensing device; the signal processing module is connected to the signal acquisition module; the communication module is respectively connected to the signal processing module and the data analysis and display device.

[0040] The signal acquisition module is used to obtain the displacement; the signal processing module is used to pre-process the displacement to obtain the processed displacement; the pre-processing includes: data cleaning, standardization and normalization. The communication module is used to transmit the processed displacement to the data analysis and display device.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the data acquisition device further includes: a power supply module; the power supply module is respectively connected to the signal acquisition module, the signal processing module and the communication module; the power supply module is used for power supply.

[0042] The data analysis and display device is used to analyze and process the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0043] Specifically, the data analysis and display device includes: an analysis module; the analysis module is connected to the data acquisition device; the analysis module is used to determine the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located based on the processed displacement amount, with the deep base point as the fixed point; the deep base point is a base point fixed in the stable rock formation.

[0044] The analysis module is used to determine the absolute displacement of each base point according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock; the base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface.

[0045] The analysis module is used to determine the absolute displacement of the tunnel floor and the corresponding left and right sides according to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, so as to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the data analysis and display device further includes: a display module; the display module is connected to the analysis module; and the display module is used to display the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0047] The present application also provides a method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel, which is implemented by using an absolute displacement measuring device for surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel. A method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel specifically includes the following steps.

[0048] Step 100: Obtain the displacement of the coal mine tunnel. The displacement includes: the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the roof where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is the displacement of each base point set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point based on the set position point; based on the set position point, each base point set in the surrounding rock is on a straight line, and the distance between each base point and the set position point is different.

[0049] Step 200: Process the displacement to obtain the processed displacement.

[0050] Step 300: Analyze and process the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock. The absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0051] The processing of the displacement to obtain the processed displacement specifically includes: performing data cleaning on the displacement to obtain cleaned data; performing standardization processing on the cleaned data to obtain standardized data; and performing normalization processing on the standardized data to obtain the processed displacement.

[0052] In one embodiment, the processed displacement is analyzed and processed to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock, specifically including: based on the processed displacement, taking the deep base point as a fixed point, determining the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located; the deep base point is a base point fixed in a stable rock formation.

[0053] According to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement, the absolute displacement of each base point is determined to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock. The base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface.

[0054] According to the absolute displacement and the relative displacement between the corresponding processed top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, the absolute displacement of the tunnel bottom plate and the corresponding left and right sides is determined to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

[0055] Taking the data sensing device equipped with three anchor heads (first anchor head 1, second anchor head 2, third anchor head 3) as an example, the structure diagram of the absolute displacement measurement device for surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels is shown in Figure 2 The first anchor head 1 is connected to the first measuring rope length change sensing device 7 via the first measuring rope 4; the second anchor head 2 is connected to the second measuring rope length change sensing device 8 via the second measuring rope 5; the third anchor head 3 is connected to the third measuring rope length change sensing device 9 via the third measuring rope 6.

[0056] The device includes three parts: data sensing device, data acquisition device and data analysis and display device. The data sensing device includes an anchor head, a measuring rope, a measuring rope length change sensing device and a laser radar, wherein the number of anchor heads, measuring ropes and measuring rope length change sensing devices is selected to be ≥3 groups according to site requirements; the data acquisition device includes four parts: a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module, a communication module and a power supply module; the data analysis and display device includes two parts: an analysis module and a display module.

[0057] (1) Data sensing device.

[0058] ① Anchor head: also known as base point anchor head, fixed at different depths of the monitoring hole and connected to the measuring rope. The deep base point anchor head is fixed in the stable rock formation, generally ≥3~5 tunnel widths; the shallow base point anchor head is fixed about 10cm within the anchor support range.

[0059] ② Measuring rope: The measuring rope is used to connect the anchor head and the measuring rope length change sensing device. The length of the measuring rope is greater than the sum of the base point depth and the equipment range.

[0060] ③ Measuring rope length change sensing device: Connect the measuring rope and give it a certain pulling force, which has the function of storing the measuring rope and measuring the change in the length of the measuring rope. When the position of the anchor head moves relative to the tunnel surface, the measuring rope drives the measuring rope length change sensing device to change, thereby accurately measuring the change in the length of the measuring rope.

[0061] ④ Laser radar: used to measure the distance between the top and bottom plates or the two side surfaces of the tunnel. Through the radar direction adjustment mechanism, the laser radar can be operated vertically or horizontally to ensure accurate measurement of the distance between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides of the tunnel.

[0062] (2) Data acquisition device: The data acquisition device mainly collects the length change of the measuring rope (relative displacement of each base point) and the laser radar data (relative displacement between plates, that is, the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides of the tunnel) obtained by the data sensing device, and transmits the processed data to the data analysis and display device.

[0063] The signal acquisition module is used to collect the length change data of the measuring rope and the laser radar data; the signal processing module performs preliminary processing (preprocessing) on ​​the collected data; the communication module transmits the processed displacement to the data analysis and display device. The power supply module is responsible for supplying power to the data sensing device and the data acquisition device.

[0064] (3) Data analysis and display device: responsible for data analysis, early warning, and display, etc.

[0065] Specifically, the data sensing device is composed of a surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part and a surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part. The surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part includes a plurality of anchor heads, which are connected to the measuring rope length change sensing device through a measuring rope, and the data sensing device is fixed on the surface of the coal mine roadway, that is, installed at a set position point of the coal mine roadway. Taking a certain point on the roof as an example, when the surrounding rock is displaced in the deep part, the measuring rope stretches or contracts under the drive of the anchor head fixed in the surrounding rock. The first step: the relative displacement between the anchor head and the roadway surface is obtained according to the change of the measuring rope, that is, the relative displacement of each base point; the second step: the deep base point is a fixed point, and the corresponding absolute displacement is determined by measuring the displacement from the deep base point to the roadway surface, that is, measuring the displacement from the deep base point to the roadway surface where the set position point is located; the third step: the displacement of the anchor head relative to the roadway surface, that is, the relative displacement of each base point, and the real displacement of the roadway surface (that is, the absolute displacement), the real displacement of the anchor head, that is, the absolute displacement of each base point, can be calculated, and the absolute displacement inside the surrounding rock of the roadway can be obtained.

[0066] The displacement sensing part of the surrounding rock surface is mainly composed of a laser ranging device, such as a laser rangefinder. By calculating the time required for the laser to be emitted and returned, and then calculating the distance of the laser propagation according to the speed of light, the distance between the surrounding rock displacement sensing device (data sensing device) and the measured position is obtained. When the surrounding rock surface is displaced, the first step is to obtain the real displacement of the surrounding rock surface of the roadway on the side where the surrounding rock displacement sensing device (data sensing device) is installed, that is, the absolute displacement, through the data of the surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part; the second step is to obtain the displacement between the roadway on the side where the surrounding rock displacement sensing device (data sensing device) is installed and the roadway on the opposite side through the laser ranging device, that is, the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides of the roadway; the third step is to obtain the absolute displacement of the roadway surface on the opposite side where the data sensing device is installed by comparing the real displacement (that is, absolute displacement) of the roadway surface on the side where the surrounding rock displacement sensing device (data sensing device) is installed with the displacement between the roadway on the side where the surrounding rock displacement sensing device (data sensing device) is installed and the roadway surface on the opposite side.

[0067] Specifically, firstly, monitoring holes were constructed on the tunnel roof and two sides (left and right sides) for installing coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measurement devices. Three devices were installed in one tunnel section, one located on the center line of the tunnel roof, one located at the upper third of the tunnel side, and one located at the lower third of the tunnel side on the other side. The shell of the data sensing device is close to the tunnel wall, and the anchor head is fixed at a pre-designed depth, where the deep base point anchor head is fixed in the stable surrounding rock, the laser radar in the roof surrounding rock displacement sensing device is kept vertically downward, and the laser radars in the data sensing devices on the two sides are kept horizontal.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, the data sensing device is equipped with three anchor heads as an example. The top measuring point is measuring point A, the left measuring point is measuring point B, and the right measuring point is measuring point C.

[0069] After the equipment is installed, it does not need to be reset to zero. The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow measuring points of A are: A深0 , X A中0 , X A浅0 ; The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow at the B measuring point are recorded as: X B深0 , X B中0 , X B浅0 ; The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow measuring points of C are recorded as: X C深0 , X C中0 , X C浅0 The distance data of the three measuring points measured by the laser radar are recorded as: L 激光A0 , L 激光B0 , L 激光C0 .

[0070] Using the matrix It is expressed as: .

[0071] After a period of tunnel deformation, the lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow at measuring point A are: A深1 , X A中1 , X A1浅 ; The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow at the B measuring point are: X B深1 , X B中1 , X B浅1 ; The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow measuring points of C are: X C深1 , X C中1 , X C浅1 ; The distance data of the three measuring points measured by the laser radar are L 激光A1 , L 激光B1 , L 激光C1 .

[0072] Using the matrix It is expressed as: .

[0073] Analyze the data monitored at measuring point A.

[0074] (1) Absolute displacement of the roof surface of a coal mine tunnel (absolute displacement of the roof): S A =X A深1 -X A深0 .

[0075] (2) Absolute displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof.

[0076] The relative displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof relative to the tunnel roof surface is: S A表-浅 =X A浅1 -X A浅0 .

[0077] The absolute displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof is: S A浅 =S A -S A表-浅 =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(X A浅1 -X A浅0 ).

[0078] (3) Absolute displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof.

[0079] The relative displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof relative to the tunnel roof surface is: S A表-中 =X A中1 -X A中0 .

[0080] The absolute displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof is: S A中 =S A -S A表-中 =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(X A中1 -X A中0 ).

[0081] (4) Absolute displacement of the tunnel floor.

[0082] The relative displacement of the tunnel floor relative to the roof is: L 激光A =L 激光A1 -L 激光A0 .

[0083] The absolute displacement of the bottom plate of the coal mine roadway is: S A底 =S A -L 激光A =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(L 激光A1 -L 激光A0 ).

[0084] B measuring point device monitoring data analysis.

[0085] The displacement of the left and right sides is calculated in the same way as the top plate.

[0086] (1) Absolute displacement of measuring point B on the left side of a coal mine tunnel.

[0087] Absolute displacement of left side B measuring point: S B =X B深1 -XB深0 .

[0088] (2) The absolute displacement of the shallow base point of the left measuring point B.

[0089] The relative displacement of the shallow base point on the left side of the tunnel relative to the surface of the left side of the tunnel is: S B表-浅 =X B浅1 -X B浅0 .

[0090] The absolute displacement of the shallow base point on the left side of the tunnel is: S B浅 =S B -S B表-浅 =(X B深1 -X B深0 )-(X B浅1 -X B浅0 ).

[0091] (3) The absolute displacement of the base point at measuring point B on the left side of the tunnel.

[0092] The relative displacement of the base point in the left side of the tunnel relative to the surface of the left side of the tunnel is: S B表-中 =X B中1 -X B中0 .

[0093] The absolute displacement of the base point in the left side of the tunnel is: S B中 =S B -S B表-中 =(X B深1 -X B深0 )-(X B中1 -X B中0 ).

[0094] (4) Absolute displacement of the lower third of the right side of the tunnel.

[0095] The relative displacement of the lower third of the two sides of the tunnel is: L 激光B =L 激光B1 -L 激光B0 .

[0096] The absolute displacement of the lower third of the right side of the tunnel is: S B右 =S B -L 激光B =(X B深1 -X B深0 )-(L 激光B1 -L 激光B0 ).

[0097] C measuring point device monitoring data analysis.

[0098] (1) The absolute displacement of measuring point C on the right side of a coal mine tunnel.

[0099] Absolute displacement of right measuring point C: SC =X C深1 -X C深0 .

[0100] (2) The absolute displacement of the shallow base point of measuring point C on the right side of the tunnel.

[0101] The relative displacement of the shallow base point on the right side of the tunnel relative to the surface of the right side of the tunnel is: S C表-浅 =X C浅1 -X C浅0 .

[0102] The absolute displacement of the shallow base point on the right side of the tunnel is: S C浅 =S C -S C表-浅 =(X C深1 -X C深0 )-(X C浅1 -X C浅0 ).

[0103] (3) The absolute displacement of the base point at measuring point C on the right side of the tunnel.

[0104] The relative displacement of the base point in the right side of the tunnel relative to the surface of the right side of the tunnel is: S C表-中 =X C中1 -X C中0 .

[0105] The absolute displacement of the base point in the right side of the tunnel is: S C中 =S C -S C表-中 =(X C深1 -X C深0 )-(X C中1 -X C中0 ).

[0106] (4) Absolute displacement at the upper third of the left side of the tunnel.

[0107] The relative displacement of the upper third of the two sides of the roadway is: L 激光C =L 激光C1 -L 激光C0 .

[0108] The absolute displacement at the upper third of the left side of the tunnel is: S C左 =S C -L 激光C =(X C深1 -X C深0 )-(L 激光C1 -L 激光C0 ).

[0109] Thus, the absolute displacement data inside and on the surface of the surrounding rock of the mine tunnel are obtained.

[0110] Taking measuring point A as an example, assuming that the first data collection is carried out after the system installation and debugging is completed, the measuring rope lengths corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow at measuring point A are: A深0 =11.23m, X A中 0=6.94m, X A浅0 =2.55m, the distance data of point A measured by the laser radar is L 激光A0 =3.52m. After a period of tunnel deformation, the second data collection is carried out. The lengths of the measuring ropes corresponding to the three base points of deep, medium and shallow at the A measuring point are: X A深0 =11.52m, X A中 =07.06m, X A浅0 =2.59m, the distance data of point A measured by the laser radar is L 激光A1 =2.91m. Substituting into the formula, we get the following result: (1) The true displacement of the tunnel roof surface, that is, the absolute displacement of the coal mine tunnel roof, is: S A =X A深1 -X A深0 =11.52-11.23=0.29m.

[0111] (2) Absolute displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof.

[0112] The relative displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof relative to the tunnel roof surface is: S A表-浅 =X A浅1 -X A浅0 =0.04m.

[0113] The absolute displacement of the shallow base point of the tunnel roof is: S A浅 =S A -S A表-浅 =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(X A浅1 -X A浅0 )=0.29-0.04=0.25m.

[0114] (3) Absolute displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof.

[0115] The relative displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof relative to the tunnel roof surface is: S A表-中 =X A中1 -X A中0 =0.12m.

[0116] The absolute displacement of the base point in the tunnel roof is: S A中 =S A -S A表-中 =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(X A中1 -XA中0 )=0.29-0.12=0.17m.

[0117] (4) Absolute displacement of the tunnel floor.

[0118] The relative displacement of the tunnel floor relative to the roof is: L 激光A =L 激光A1 -L 激光A0 =0.61m.

[0119] The absolute displacement of the tunnel floor is: S A底 =S A -L 激光A =(X A深1 -X A深0 )-(L 激光A1 -L 激光A0 )=0.29-0.61=-0.32m.

[0120] That is: the base point, shallow base point and top plate surface in the tunnel produced absolute displacements of 0.17m, 0.25m and 0.29m respectively downward, and the bottom plate of the tunnel produced an absolute displacement of 0.32m upward.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A device for measuring absolute displacement of surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels, characterized in that: The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device is installed on the surface of the coal mine tunnel; the coal mine tunnel surrounding rock includes a roof, a bottom plate, a left side and a right side; the roof corresponds to the bottom plate; the left side corresponds to the right side; The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device comprises: a data sensing device, a data acquisition device and a data analysis and display device; The data sensing device is installed at a set position point in the coal mine tunnel, and the data sensing device is connected to the data acquisition device; the data acquisition device is connected to the data analysis and display device; The data sensing device is used to measure the displacement of coal mine tunnels; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the top plate where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is the displacement of each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point, based on the set position point; based on the set position point, each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock is on a straight line, and each base point is at a different distance from the set position point; The data acquisition device is used to obtain the displacement, and after processing the obtained displacement, transmit it to the data analysis and display device; The data analysis and display device is used to analyze and process the processed displacement to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

2. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data sensing device includes a surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part and a surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part; The surrounding rock deep displacement sensing part includes a plurality of anchor heads and a plurality of measuring rope length change sensing devices; the anchor heads correspond to the measuring rope length change sensing devices one by one, and the anchor heads are connected to the measuring rope length change sensing devices via the measuring rope; the plurality of anchor heads are arranged at base points of different depths in the monitoring hole; The measuring rope length change sensing device is used to measure the length change of the measuring rope when the anchor head moves relative to the tunnel surface, and obtain the displacement of each base point relative to the tunnel surface, so as to determine the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; The surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part is used to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right walls.

3. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surrounding rock surface displacement sensing part includes a laser radar; the laser radar is used to measure the relative displacement between the tunnel surface where the set position point is located and the corresponding tunnel surface, and obtain the relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right walls.

4. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition device comprises: a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a communication module; The signal acquisition module is connected to the data sensing device; the signal processing module is connected to the signal acquisition module; the communication module is connected to the signal processing module and the data analysis and display device respectively; The signal acquisition module is used to obtain the displacement; The signal processing module is used to pre-process the displacement to obtain the processed displacement; the pre-processing includes: data cleaning, standardization and normalization; The communication module is used to transmit the processed displacement to the data analysis and display device.

5. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition device further includes: a power supply module; The power supply module is connected to the signal acquisition module, the signal processing module and the communication module respectively; The power supply module is used for supplying power.

6. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data analysis and display device comprises: an analysis module; The analysis module is connected to the data acquisition device; The analysis module is used to: Based on the processed displacement, taking the deep base point as a fixed point, determining the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located; the deep base point is a base point fixed in a stable rock formation; According to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement, the absolute displacement of each base point is determined to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock; the base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface; According to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, the absolute displacement of the tunnel bottom plate and the corresponding left and right sides is determined to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

7. The coal mine tunnel surrounding rock absolute displacement measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data analysis and display device further comprises: a display module; The display module is connected to the analysis module; the display module is used to display the absolute displacement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

8. A method for measuring absolute displacement of surrounding rock in coal mine tunnels, characterized in that: The method for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel is implemented by using the device for measuring the absolute displacement of surrounding rock in a coal mine tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the method comprises: Obtain the displacement of the coal mine tunnel; the displacement includes: the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates and the left and right sides, and the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock; the relative displacement between the roof and bottom plates is the relative displacement between the roof where the set position point is located and the corresponding bottom plate, and the relative displacement between the left and right sides is the relative displacement between the side where the set position point is located and the corresponding side; the relative displacement of each base point inside the surrounding rock is the displacement of each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock relative to the set position point, based on the set position point; based on the set position point, each base point correspondingly set in the surrounding rock is on a straight line, and each base point is at a different distance from the set position point; Processing the displacement to obtain a processed displacement; The processed displacement is analyzed and processed to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock; the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock and the absolute displacement on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock.

9. The method for measuring absolute displacement of surrounding rock in coal mine tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: Processing the displacement to obtain a processed displacement specifically includes: Performing data cleaning on the displacement to obtain cleaned data; Performing standardization processing on the cleaned data to obtain standardized data; The standardized data is normalized to obtain the processed displacement.

10. The method for measuring absolute displacement of surrounding rock in coal mine tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The processed displacement is analyzed and processed to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock, including: Based on the processed displacement, taking the deep base point as a fixed point, determining the absolute displacement corresponding to the tunnel surface where the set position point is located; the deep base point is a base point fixed in a stable rock formation; According to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed base point relative displacement, the absolute displacement of each base point is determined to obtain the absolute displacement inside the tunnel surrounding rock; the base point relative displacement is the relative displacement of the base point relative to the tunnel surface; According to the absolute displacement and the corresponding processed relative displacement between the top and bottom plates and the left and right sides, the absolute displacement of the tunnel bottom plate and the corresponding left and right sides is determined to obtain the absolute displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock surface.

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