Sound output device

Abstract

The invention discloses a sound output device. The sound output device comprises a vibration loudspeaker, an air conduction loudspeaker and a signal processing module, the signal processing module comprises a bone conduction signal processing circuit and an air conduction signal processing circuit, the vibration loudspeaker comprises a first vibration assembly, and the first vibration assembly is electrically connected with the bone conduction signal processing circuit to receive a bone conduction control signal; the air conduction loudspeaker comprises a shell and a second vibration assembly, and the second vibration assembly is electrically connected with the air conduction signal processing circuit to receive the air conduction control signal and generate air conduction sound waves based on the air conduction control signal. The first vibration assembly comprises a vibration plate connected with the shell and used for generating bone conduction sound waves, and the second vibration assembly comprises a vibration diaphragm connected with the shell and used for generating air conduction sound waves. By means of the mode, the sound listening effect and the sound leakage problem of a traditional sound output device can be improved, and therefore the user experience is enhanced.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application filed on December 13, 2019, with application number 201980102823.6 and invention name “Sound Output Device”. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of acoustics, and in particular to a sound output device. Background Art

[0003] Nowadays, wearable devices with acoustic output functions are constantly emerging and popularizing. In particular, a way of listening with open ears (that is, without inserting acoustic devices into the ears or covering the ears) is increasingly being used in wearable devices because of its health and safety characteristics. This open-ear listening method can be achieved through air conduction or bone conduction. However, the air conduction method requires larger acoustic devices and structures, and will also cause more obvious leakage of sound. The bone conduction method will produce stronger low-frequency vibrations, and often cause a certain amount of leakage of sound. These problems have adversely affected the experience of this open-ear listening method and limited the application of this method.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sound output device that improves the open-ear listening effect and the problem of sound leakage. Summary of the invention

[0005] A brief summary of the present application is provided below in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this section is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is merely to provide certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.

[0006] The present application provides a sound output device that can generate and output bone conduction (abbreviated as "bone conduction") sound waves and air conduction (abbreviated as "air conduction") sound waves. It achieves various combinations of auditory and tactile stimulations by adjusting the acoustic characteristics (for example, phase, amplitude, frequency band) of bone conduction sound waves and air conduction sound waves to improve listening effects and external sound leakage problems, thereby enhancing the user experience.

[0007] One aspect of the present application provides a sound output device. The sound output device includes a vibration speaker, an air conduction speaker, and a signal processing module, the signal processing module includes a bone conduction signal processing circuit and an air conduction signal processing circuit, the vibration speaker includes a first vibration component, the first vibration component is electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit to receive a bone conduction control signal, and generates a bone conduction sound wave based on the bone conduction control signal, the air conduction speaker includes a housing and a second vibration component, the second vibration component is electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit to receive an air conduction control signal, and generates an air conduction sound wave based on the air conduction control signal, the first vibration component includes a vibration plate connected to the housing and used to generate bone conduction sound waves, and the second vibration component includes a diaphragm connected to the housing and used to generate air conduction sound waves.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first vibration component also includes a magnetic circuit system and a first coil, the magnetic circuit system is configured to generate a first magnetic field, the first coil is connected to the vibration plate and electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit, the first coil receives a bone conduction control signal and generates a second magnetic field based on the bone conduction control signal, the first magnetic field interacts with the second magnetic field so that the vibration plate generates bone conduction sound waves, the second vibration component also includes a second coil, the second coil is connected to the diaphragm and electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit, the second coil receives the air conduction control signal and generates a third magnetic field based on the air conduction control signal, the first magnetic field interacts with the third magnetic field so that the diaphragm generates air conduction sound waves.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the magnetic circuit system is provided with a first magnetic gap and a second magnetic gap, and is configured to generate a first magnetic field in the first magnetic gap and the second magnetic gap, the first coil is provided in the first magnetic gap, and the second coil is provided in the second magnetic gap.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first magnetic gap and the second magnetic gap are arranged on two sides of the magnetic circuit system that are opposite to each other.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the vibration speaker further includes an elastic member, and the magnetic circuit system is connected to the shell through the elastic member.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, air-conducted sound waves are output from the inside of the shell to the outside of the shell through the sound outlet hole. The sound outlet hole is arranged on the shell and is located on the side of the shell away from the vibration plate.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the bone conduction signal processing circuit includes a full-frequency signal processing module, the full-frequency signal processing module is configured to generate a bone conduction output signal based on the initial acoustic signal, and the bone conduction output signal is amplified by a first power amplifier to be a bone conduction control signal; the air conduction signal processing circuit includes a frequency division module, a high-frequency signal processing module, a low-frequency signal processing module and a signal synthesis module, the frequency division module is configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal into a high-frequency signal component and a low-frequency signal component, the high-frequency signal processing module is coupled to the frequency division module and is configured to generate a high-frequency output signal according to the high-frequency signal component, the low-frequency signal processing module is coupled to the frequency division module and is configured to generate a low-frequency output signal according to the low-frequency signal component, the signal synthesis module is coupled to the high-frequency signal processing module and the low-frequency signal processing module and is configured to synthesize the high-frequency output signal and the low-frequency output signal into an air conduction output signal, and the air conduction output signal is amplified by a second power amplifier to be an air conduction control signal.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the low-frequency components in the air-conducted sound waves are used to enhance the user's low-frequency sound perception, and the high-frequency components are used to weaken the high-frequency sound leakage.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the signal processing module includes a sub-band decomposition module, a vibration signal processing module and a sound signal processing module. The sub-band decomposition module is configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal into multiple signal components, and the multiple signal components are respectively located in different frequency bands. The vibration signal processing module is configured to generate multiple bone conduction output signals based on the multiple signal components. The sound signal processing module is configured to generate multiple air conduction output signals based on the multiple signal components. The multiple bone conduction output signals and the multiple air conduction output signals are further synthesized and then formed into bone conduction control signals and air conduction control signals through the power amplifier.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, air-conducted sound waves contain medium and low frequency components, and bone-conducted sound waves contain medium and high frequency components. The frequency components contained in the bone-conducted sound waves and the air-conducted sound waves are different, and the frequency bands complement each other.

[0017] The sound output device of the present application can improve the listening effect and sound leakage problems of traditional sound output devices, thereby enhancing the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present application can be better understood by referring to the following description given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same or similar components. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A structural diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Fig. 9 A structural diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a resonance system provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing the same driving force driving two resonant systems;

[0030] Fig.12 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown;

[0031] Fig.13 It shows the phase-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force;

[0032] Fig.14 A schematic diagram showing a pair of opposing driving forces driving two resonant systems;

[0033] Fig.15 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown;

[0034] Fig.16 It shows the phase-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force;

[0035] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing different driving forces driving two resonant systems respectively;

[0036] Fig.18 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown;

[0037] Fig.19 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown;

[0038] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Fig.21 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the bone-conducted sound waves and the air-conducted sound waves provided according to the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Fig.23 A schematic diagram showing different positions of the sound outlet hole;

[0042] Fig.24 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of air-conducted sound waves at different sound outlet positions are shown;

[0043] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Fig. 27 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves are shown;

[0046] Fig.28 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Fig.29 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0048] Fig.30 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0049] Fig.31 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0050] Fig.32 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0051] Fig.33A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0052] Fig.34 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0053] Fig.35 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound output device provided according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig.36 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound output device provided according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig.37 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound output device provided according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig.38 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound output device provided according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig.39 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound when the sound output module provided by the embodiment of the present application is in different positions of the head;

[0058] Fig.40 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of sound leakage of the sound output module provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig.41 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of sound leakage of the vibration output module provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig.42 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0061] Fig.43 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources at different distances provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Fig.44 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0063] Fig.45 The normal amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources provided in an embodiment of the present application at different amplitude ratios are shown;

[0064] Fig.46 The axial amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources provided in an embodiment of the present application at different amplitude ratios are shown;

[0065] Fig.47 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0066] Fig.48 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two monopole sound sources provided in an embodiment of the present application at different phase differences;

[0067] Fig.49 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0068] Fig.50 The relationship between the normal angle and the amplitude of two dipole sound sources at different frequencies provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0069] Fig.51 The relationship between the axial angle and the amplitude of two dipole sound sources provided in an embodiment of the present application at different frequencies is shown;

[0070] Fig.52 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0071] Fig.53 The amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources at different frequencies provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0072] Fig.54 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0073] Fig.55 The amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources provided in an embodiment of the present application at different phase differences is shown;

[0074] Fig.56 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0075] Fig.57 The figure shows the amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources provided in the embodiment of the present application at different amplitude ratios;

[0076] Fig.58 Various combinations of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves provided in embodiments of the present application are shown;

[0077] Fig.59 The figure shows the position of the vibration speaker and the air conduction speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application on the user's head;

[0078] Fig.60 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of sound leakage of the vibration speaker provided according to the embodiment of the present application are shown; and

[0079] Fig.61The amplitude-frequency characteristics of sound leakage of the vibration speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application at different powers are shown.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity only and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The following is a further detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0082] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of the actual embodiments are described in the specification. It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the device structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted.

[0083] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure may be presented only by way of example and may not be limiting. Although not explicitly stated herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this application is intended to encompass various reasonable changes, improvements, and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be proposed by this disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0084] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this embodiment includes any or all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to another element, or there can be intermediate elements.

[0085] Similarly, it should be understood that when an element such as a layer, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, the term "directly" means that there are no intervening elements. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "containing," "including," and / or "comprising," when used herein, indicate the presence of the recited features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0086] It should also be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present invention, the first element in some embodiments can be referred to as the second element in other embodiments. The same reference numerals or the same reference designators represent the same elements throughout the specification.

[0087] In addition, exemplary embodiments are described by reference to cross-sectional illustrations and / or planar illustrations that are idealized exemplary illustrations. Therefore, differences from the illustrated shapes due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are foreseeable. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be interpreted as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but should include deviations in shapes caused by, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle would typically have rounded or curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the figures are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shapes of the regions of the device nor to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0088] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the sound output device provided according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. The sound output device 1 may include a signal processing module 2 and an output module 3.

[0089] The signal processing module 2 can be configured to receive an initial acoustic signal from a signal source, process the initial acoustic signal, and output a corresponding control signal. The initial acoustic signal can be any acoustic analog signal directly collected from the external environment, for example, an analog signal (electronic signal or radio signal) obtained by directly collecting any perceptible mechanical vibration conducted by air or bone, or any digital or analog signal (electronic signal or radio signal) converted from an acoustic signal imported from an external device. The output module 3 can be configured to output corresponding bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves according to the control signal output by the signal processing module 2. In the present application, bone conduction sound waves refer to sound waves (also known as "bone conduction sound") conducted by mechanical vibrations via bones to the ear, and air conduction sound waves refer to sound waves (also known as "air conduction sound") conducted by mechanical vibrations via air to the ear. Low frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 20 Hz to 150 Hz, medium frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 150 Hz to 5 KHz, high frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 5 KHz to 20 KHz, medium-low frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 150 Hz to 500 Hz, and medium-high frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 500 Hz to 5 KHz. A person of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the distinction of the above frequency bands is only given as an example. The definition of the above frequency bands may change with different industries, different application scenarios and different classification standards. For example, in other application scenarios, low frequency refers to a frequency band of approximately 20 Hz to 80 Hz, medium-low frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 80 Hz-160 Hz, medium frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 160 Hz to 1280 Hz, medium-high frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 1280 Hz-2560 Hz, and high frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 2560 Hz to 20 KHz.

[0090] The output module 3 may further include a vibration speaker 31 and an air conduction speaker 32. The air conduction speaker 32 may refer to a speaker that outputs air-conducted sound waves, and the vibration speaker 31 may refer to a speaker that outputs sound waves conducted by a solid medium (such as bone-conducted sound waves). The vibration speaker 31 may be coupled to the signal processing module 2 and configured to generate bone-conducted sound waves according to the control signal. The air conduction speaker 32 may be coupled to the signal processing module 2 and configured to generate air-conducted sound waves according to the control signal. The vibration speaker 31 and the air conduction speaker 32 may be two independent functional devices, or may be part of a single device that can realize multiple functions. In some embodiments, the signal processing module 2 may be integrated or formed as one with the vibration speaker 31 and the air conduction speaker 32.

[0091] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2The embodiment shown and Figure 1 The illustrated embodiments are similar with the following differences.

[0092] The signal processing module 2 may further include a bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 and an air conduction signal processing circuit 22. Here, the air conduction signal may refer to an electrical signal related to air conduction sound waves and / or causing the output of the air conduction sound waves; the bone conduction signal may refer to an electrical signal related to bone conduction sound waves and / or causing the output of the bone conduction sound waves. The bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 may be configured to receive an initial acoustic signal from the signal source, process the initial acoustic signal, and output a corresponding bone conduction control signal. The air conduction signal processing circuit 22 may be configured to receive an initial acoustic signal from the signal source, process the initial acoustic signal, and output a corresponding air conduction control signal. The air conduction control signal refers to a signal for controlling the generation and output of air conduction sound waves; the bone conduction signal refers to a signal for controlling the generation and output of bone conduction sound waves.

[0093] The output module 3 may further include a vibration speaker 31 and an air conduction speaker 32. The vibration speaker 31 may be coupled to the signal bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 and configured to generate bone conduction sound waves according to the bone conduction control signal. The air conduction speaker 32 may be coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 22 and configured to generate air conduction sound waves according to the air conduction control signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 may be integrated or formed as one with the vibration speaker 31. In some embodiments, the air conduction signal processing circuit 22 may be integrated or formed as one with the air conduction speaker 32.

[0094] In order to adjust the output characteristics of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves (for example, frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.), the corresponding control signals can be processed in the signal processing module 2 so that the output air-conducted sound waves and bone-conducted sound waves respectively contain specific frequency components. Alternatively, the structure of each component or the arrangement of each component can be set and optimized in the output module 3 so that the output air-conducted sound waves and bone-conducted sound waves respectively contain specific frequency components.

[0095] When the properties of the sound waves outputted are changed by adjusting the signal processing module 2, several filters / filter groups can be set to process the input signal to output signals containing different frequency components, and then output to the corresponding output module for sound (air conduction) or vibration (bone conduction) output. The filter / filter group includes but is not limited to analog filters, digital filters, passive filters, active filters, etc. In some embodiments, time domain processing methods such as dynamic range control (DRC, Dynamic Range Control), delay and reverberation can be set to further increase the richness and experience of the sound. In some embodiments, an active leakage reduction module can be set. In some embodiments, a feedback-free method can be adopted, that is, without the aid of a reference microphone to feedback the sound field information, the output module 3 directly outputs the anti-phase sound waves of a specific frequency band and the leakage sound waves superimposed and cancelled. In some embodiments, a feedback method can also be adopted, that is, a reference microphone is placed in the sound field to obtain the sound field information at that point, and the anti-phase sound wave signal is adjusted to the signal processing module in real time, so that the leakage sound pressure is finally reduced. In some embodiments, a beamforming module may be provided to control the amplitude and phase of radiation of each bone conduction or air conduction unit (i.e., vibration speaker 31 and air conduction speaker 32) in the sound output device 1, so that the output sound is synthesized into a certain sound beam. The sound beam may be fan-shaped with a certain radiation angle, and may propagate in a manually controlled direction to achieve corresponding directivity, thereby obtaining the maximum sound pressure level near the human ear, while the sound pressure level at other locations in the sound field is relatively small, thereby reducing sound leakage. In some embodiments, the sound output device 1 may utilize 3D sound field reconstruction or local sound field control technology to reconstruct a more ideal, three-dimensional sound field, so that people can obtain a better sound field immersive experience effect.

[0096] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the sound output device 1 may include a signal processing module 2, a vibration speaker 31 and an air conduction speaker 32. The signal processing module 2 may include a bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 and an air conduction signal processing circuit 22. The air conduction speaker 32 may include a high-frequency air conduction speaker 328 and a low-frequency air conduction speaker 329.

[0097] The bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 may include a full-frequency signal processing module 210. The full-frequency signal processing module 210 may be configured to generate a bone conduction output signal based on an initial acoustic signal (e.g., a signal collected from an external sound source, or a signal imported from an external device). The full-frequency signal processing module 210 may include an equalizer 211, a dynamic range controller 212, a phase processor 213, and a first power amplifier 214. The equalizer 211 may be configured to perform a separate gain or attenuation on an input signal (e.g., an initial acoustic signal) according to a specific frequency band. The dynamic range controller 212 may be configured to compress and amplify the input signal, for example, to make the sound sound softer or louder. The phase processor 213 may be configured to adjust the phase of the input signal. The power amplifier 204 may be configured to amplify the amplitude of the input signal. In some embodiments, the initial acoustic signal may be processed by the equalizer 211, the dynamic range controller 212, the phase processor 213, and / or the first power amplifier 214 to become the bone conduction control signal for controlling the vibration speaker 31 to generate bone conduction sound waves.

[0098] The equalizer is a device used to make adjustments to specific frequencies in a sound. The dynamic range controller is a device that performs dynamic range control on a signal. The dynamic range control is an adaptive adjustment of the dynamic range of a signal. The dynamic range of a signal is the logarithmic ratio of the maximum signal amplitude to the minimum signal amplitude, specified in dB. Dynamic range control can be used to match the audio signal level to its environment, thereby protecting the AD converter from overload. The phase processor is an electronic sound processor used to filter a signal by creating a series of peaks and valleys in the frequency spectrum. The positions of the peaks and valleys of the affected waveform are usually adjusted so that they vary over time, creating a sweeping effect.

[0099] The air conduction signal processing circuit 22 may include a frequency division module 221, a high frequency signal processing module 222, a low frequency signal processing module 223, a second power amplifier 224, and a third power amplifier 225. The frequency division module 221 may be configured to decompose the initial signal from the sound source into a high frequency signal component and a low frequency signal component. In some embodiments, the frequency division module 221 may also be configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal into signal components of three or more frequency bands. The high frequency signal processing module 222 may be coupled to the frequency division module 221 and configured to generate a high frequency output signal according to the high frequency signal component, and the high frequency output signal is amplified by the second power amplifier 224 to become a high frequency air conduction control signal to control the high frequency air conduction speaker 328 to generate high frequency air conduction sound waves. In some embodiments, the high frequency signal processing module 222 may include an equalizer 2221, a dynamic range controller 2222, and a phase processor 2223. The low-frequency signal processing module 223 may be coupled to the frequency division module 221 and configured to generate a low-frequency output signal according to the low-frequency signal component, and the low-frequency output signal is amplified by the third power amplifier 225 to become a low-frequency air conduction control signal to control the low-frequency air conduction speaker 329 to generate low-frequency air-conducted sound waves. In some embodiments, the low-frequency signal processing module 223 may include an equalizer 2231, a dynamic range controller 2232, and a phase processor 2233.

[0100] By using the signal processing module 2 of the above embodiment, the low frequency can be enhanced and the high frequency sound leakage can be reduced. In some open binaural acoustic devices, such as bone conduction headphones, there are often problems of insufficient low-frequency sound and excessive high-frequency sound leakage. In order to solve this problem, the sound output device 1 can use a vibration output device (for example, a vibration speaker) to output full-band vibration or bone conduction sound (or weaken the vibration after the low frequency in order to reduce the discomfort of low-frequency vibration), so that people can hear through bone conduction or other methods. At the same time, the sound output device 1 uses an air conduction output device (for example, an air conduction speaker) to output air-conducted sound waves. The low-frequency component in the air-conducted sound wave can be used to enhance the user's low-frequency sound perception, and the high-frequency component can be used to weaken the high-frequency sound leakage. That is, the high-frequency part of the air-conducted sound wave can be used as a sound-absorbing frequency sound wave to at least partially weaken the high-frequency part of the bone-conducted sound wave. At the same time, a frequency division module is set to divide the audio signal into a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal. After the high-frequency signal is processed by the high-frequency signal processing module for amplitude and phase, it has an amplitude and phase that can achieve cancellation with the high-frequency sound leakage. After the low-frequency signal is processed in amplitude and phase by the low-frequency signal processing module, it has an amplitude and phase that can enhance the low-frequency sound effect. The high-frequency air conduction control signal and the low-frequency air conduction control signal after signal processing are combined to form an air conduction control signal. After being processed by the power amplifier, the air conduction sound wave is output by the air conduction speaker. Its high-frequency component can cancel the leakage sound generated by the vibration speaker, and its low-frequency component can enhance the low-frequency sound effect.

[0101] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 4 The embodiment shown and Figure 3 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the air conduction signal processing circuit 22 further includes a signal synthesis module 226. The signal synthesis module 226 can be coupled to the high-frequency signal processing module 222 and the low-frequency signal processing module 223 and is configured to synthesize the high-frequency output signal and the low-frequency output signal into an air conduction output signal. The air conduction output signal can be amplified into the air conduction control signal via the fifth power amplifier 228 to control the air conduction speaker 32 to generate the air conduction sound wave.

[0102] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 The embodiment shown and Figure 4 The embodiments shown are basically similar, except that Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the signal processing module 2 may further include a noise signal processing module 24 and a first microphone 25. The noise signal processing module 24 may be coupled to the first microphone 25 and the air conduction signal processing circuit 22. The first microphone 25 may be configured to collect ambient noise at a specific location (e.g., near a signal source) and output a noise signal. The noise signal processing module 24 may be configured to receive the noise signal and perform noise reduction on the air conduction output signal according to the noise signal. The air conduction control signal after noise reduction is output through the power amplifier via the air conduction speaker to achieve the technical effect of active noise reduction in a specific area.

[0103] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 6 The embodiment shown and Figure 5 The embodiments shown are basically similar, except that Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the first microphone 25 may be configured to collect sound signals of the area to be noise-reduced (e.g., the area near the air conduction speaker 32) and output an error signal (e.g., for noise control). The noise signal processing module 24 may be configured to receive the error signal and perform noise reduction on the air conduction output signal according to the error signal to further adjust the air conduction sound wave signal to achieve noise control in a specific area.

[0104] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 7 The embodiment shown and Figure 5 The embodiments shown are basically similar, except that Figure 7In the illustrated embodiment, the noise signal processing module 24 is not coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 22, but is coupled to an independent fourth power amplifier 227. The noise reduction signal generated by the noise signal processing module 24 is output through a separate auxiliary air conduction speaker 327 after being acted upon by the fourth power amplifier 227, and the noise reduction sound is interacted with the sound output by other modules to achieve active noise control in a specific area.

[0105] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 8 The embodiment shown and Figure 7 The embodiments shown are basically similar, except that Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the signal processing module 2 may further include a noise signal feedback module 27 and a second microphone 28. The second microphone 28 may be configured to collect sound signals of the area to be noise reduced (e.g., the area near the air conduction speaker 32) and output an error signal (e.g., for noise control). The noise signal feedback module 27 may be coupled to the noise signal processing module 24 and configured to receive the error signal and generate a feedback signal based on the error signal. The noise signal processing module 24 may be configured to generate a noise reduction signal based on the noise signal and the feedback signal to reduce the noise of the air conduction output signal. The noise reduction signal may be output through the auxiliary air conduction speaker 327 via the fourth power amplifier 227 to achieve noise control of a specific area. The noise control is achieved by combining the two modes of feedforward and feedback.

[0106] Fig. 9A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The signal processing module 2 may include a sub-band decomposition module 120, a vibration signal processing module 121, a sound signal processing module 122, a plurality of first power amplifiers 123, and a plurality of second power amplifiers 124. The sub-band decomposition module 120 may be configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal from the sound into a plurality of signal components, and the plurality of signal components are respectively located in different frequency bands. The vibration signal processing module 121 may be configured to generate a plurality of bone conduction output signals according to the plurality of signal components, and the plurality of bone conduction output signals may be respectively located in the different frequency bands. The sound signal processing module 122 may be configured to generate a plurality of air conduction output signals according to the plurality of signal components, and the plurality of air conduction output signals may be respectively located in the different frequency bands. The plurality of first power amplifiers 123 may be coupled to the vibration signal processing module 121 and configured to respectively amplify the plurality of bone conduction output signals into bone conduction control signals of corresponding frequency bands. The plurality of second power amplifiers 124 may be coupled to the sound signal processing module 122 and configured to respectively amplify the plurality of air conduction output signals into air conduction control signals of corresponding frequency bands. The sound output device 1 may include a plurality of vibration speakers 31 and a plurality of air conduction speakers 32. The plurality of vibration speakers 31 may be coupled to the plurality of first power amplifiers 123 in a one-to-one correspondence and respectively generate bone conduction sound waves of corresponding frequency bands based on the bone conduction control signals of corresponding frequency bands. The plurality of air conduction speakers 32 may be coupled to the plurality of second power amplifiers 124 in a one-to-one correspondence and respectively generate air conduction sound waves of corresponding frequency bands based on the air conduction control signals of corresponding frequency bands.

[0107] Through this embodiment, the output requirements of vibration and sound in different frequency bands can be processed accordingly, and the processed sub-band signals can be output through the power amplifier, the corresponding vibration speaker or the sound output module to achieve the bone conduction and air conduction sound wave output effects in different frequency bands. In some embodiments, the processed sub-band signals can also be synthesized and then output through the power amplifier and the corresponding one or more vibration speakers and air conduction speakers to achieve the corresponding effects.

[0108] In an embodiment in which the characteristics of the output sound waves are changed by adjusting the output module 3, the structures of the vibration speaker 31 (i.e., the vibration output module) and the air conduction speaker 32 (i.e., the sound output module) can be adjusted respectively to achieve the output bone conduction sound waves (i.e., vibrations) and air conduction sound waves (i.e., sounds) containing specific frequency components.

[0109] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a resonance system provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The resonance system can be described by a mass spring damping model, and a more complex resonance system can be considered to be composed of multiple mass spring damping systems connected in series and parallel. Figure 2As shown, the motion of the system can be described by the following differential equation:

[0110]

[0111] Where M is the system mass, R is the system damping, K is the system elastic coefficient, F is the driving force, and x is the system displacement. Solving the above equations gives the system resonant frequency:

[0112]

[0113] Calculating the frequency bandwidth at half power point, the system quality factor Q is:

[0114]

[0115] In the case where there are multiple resonant systems, the vibration characteristics (amplitude-frequency response, phase-frequency response, transient response, etc.) of each resonant system may be the same or different. For example, each resonant system may be driven by the same driving force or by different driving forces. In some embodiments, the vibration speaker 31 or the air conduction speaker 32 may be a single resonant system or a complex resonant system composed of multiple resonant systems. In one embodiment, the output module 3 may include multiple vibration speakers 31 and / or multiple air conduction speakers 32.

[0116] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing the same driving force driving two resonant systems is shown. In the present application, the diagram corresponds to the following situation: the control signal of the signal processing module 2 can generate a driving force to drive the vibration speaker 31 and the air conduction speaker 32 at the same time to generate bone conduction sound and air conduction sound waves respectively.

[0117] For bone conduction sound, the frequency and bandwidth can be changed by adjusting the above parameters. For example, the resonant frequency can be adjusted to the medium and low frequency band by increasing the mass of the resonant system and reducing the elastic coefficient of the system (such as setting a reed with a lower elastic coefficient, using a material with a lower Young's modulus for the vibration transfer structure, reducing the thickness of the vibration transfer structure, etc.), so that it outputs vibrations in the medium and low frequency bands. On the contrary, the resonant frequency can be adjusted to the medium and high frequency band by reducing the mass of the resonant system and increasing the elastic coefficient of the system (such as setting a reed with a higher elastic coefficient, using a material with a higher Young's modulus for the vibration transfer structure, increasing the thickness of the vibration transfer structure, for example, setting structures such as ribs / ribs on the vibration transfer structure), so that it outputs vibrations in the medium and high frequency bands. For example, the system quality factor Q can be adjusted by adjusting the system damping, that is, adjusting the bandwidth of the output vibration. Further, a composite vibration module with multiple resonant systems can be provided, and each resonant system can adjust its resonant frequency and quality factor Q separately. The center frequency and bandwidth of the output vibration of the composite vibration module can be adjusted by connecting each resonant system in series or in parallel.

[0118] For air-conducted sound waves, the center frequency can also be adjusted by adjusting the mass and elastic coefficient of the resonant system, and the bandwidth of the output air-conducted sound waves can be adjusted by adjusting the system damping. In some embodiments, one or more acoustic structures (e.g., sound cavity, sound-conducting tube, sound-conducting hole, tuning hole, tuning net, tuning cotton, passive diaphragm and / or a combination thereof) can be set to adjust the frequency components of the output air-conducted sound waves. For example, the elastic coefficient of the system can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of the sound cavity (e.g., if the volume of the sound cavity becomes larger, the elastic coefficient of the system becomes smaller; if the volume of the sound cavity becomes smaller, the elastic coefficient of the system becomes larger). In some embodiments, a sound-conducting tube or sound-conducting hole structure can be set to adjust the mass and damping of the system (e.g., the longer the length of the sound tube or the sound hole, the smaller the cross-sectional area, the greater the sound mass and the smaller the sound damping; vice versa). In some embodiments, acoustic resistance materials (tuning holes, nets, cotton, etc.) can be set on the path of air-conducted sound wave transmission to adjust the damping of the system. In some embodiments, a passive diaphragm structure can be set to enhance the output of the low-frequency band of the air-conducted sound wave. In some embodiments, a sound-conducting tube / inverted hole structure can be provided, and the phase of the air-conducted sound wave output can be adjusted while adjusting the amplitude and frequency band of the air-conducted sound wave output. In some embodiments, an array of multiple air-conducted speakers can be provided. In some embodiments, the output amplitude, frequency band and phase of each air-conducted speaker can be adjusted to achieve a sound field with a special spatial distribution in the output of the entire array.

[0119] The user can also adjust the output characteristics of the bone conduction sound and / or the air conduction sound wave by adjusting the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the control signal. The user can also adjust the output characteristics of the bone conduction sound and / or the air conduction sound wave by adjusting the control signal and the parameters of the resonance system at the same time.

[0120] Fig.12 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown. Fig.13 The figure shows the phase-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems when they are driven by the same driving force. As shown in the figure, the first resonant system and the second resonant system have different resonant frequencies respectively. Correspondingly, the phase-frequency responses of the two resonant systems are also different. In particular, in the frequency band between the two resonant frequencies, the phase difference between the two resonant systems is 180 degrees, that is, anti-phase. Therefore, when the two resonant systems are output as vibration speakers 31 or air conduction speakers 32 respectively, the vibrations of the two resonant systems will cancel each other out in this frequency band. As shown in the amplitude-frequency response curve of the total output in the figure, it has an obvious omission in the frequency band between the two resonant frequencies.

[0121] Fig.14A schematic diagram of a pair of opposite driving forces driving two resonant systems is shown. In the present application, the diagram corresponds to the following situation: the control signal of the signal processing module 2 can generate a pair of opposite driving forces, driving the vibration speaker 31 and the air conduction speaker 32 respectively, to generate bone conduction sound and air conduction sound waves respectively. For example, in a dynamic coil configuration, the pair of action and reaction forces of the coil force and the magnetic circuit force can be used as the driving force.

[0122] Fig.15 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force are shown. Fig.16 The figure shows the phase-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems when they are driven by the same driving force. As shown in the figure, the first resonant system and the second resonant system have different resonant frequencies and phase-frequency responses, respectively. In particular, in the frequency band between the two resonant frequencies, the two resonant systems have the same phase, but in other frequency bands, the phase difference between the two is 180 degrees, that is, anti-phase. Therefore, when the two resonant systems are output as vibration speakers 31 or air conduction speakers 32, respectively, the vibrations of the two resonant systems will appear to increase and cancel each other in different frequency bands. As shown in the amplitude-frequency response curve of the total output in the figure, the two vibrations are superimposed and increased in the frequency band between the two resonant frequencies, and superimposed and canceled in other frequency bands. The cancellation is particularly significant in the low frequency band.

[0123] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing two resonant systems driven by different driving forces. In the present application, the diagram corresponds to the following situation: the signal processing module 2 may include a bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 and an air conduction signal processing circuit 22, the bone conduction control signal of the bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 generates a driving force to drive the vibration speaker 31 to generate bone conduction sound waves, and the air conduction control signal of the air conduction signal processing circuit 22 generates another driving force to drive the air conduction speaker 32 to generate air conduction sound waves. For example, in a dynamic coil configuration, different coils can be used to drive the vibration speaker 31 and the air conduction speaker 32 respectively.

[0124] In some embodiments, the user can achieve various output effects by adjusting the amplitude of each control signal at the same frequency, the amplitude at different frequencies, and the phase. For example, the size of the corresponding driving force can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of the corresponding bone conduction control signal or the air conduction control signal. For example, the driving force can have a specific amplitude-frequency characteristic by adjusting the amplitude of the corresponding bone conduction control signal or the air conduction control signal in different frequency bands, so that the output bone conduction sound and air conduction sound waves have specific amplitude-frequency characteristics. For example, the driving force can have a specific phase-frequency characteristic by adjusting the phase of the corresponding bone conduction control signal or the air conduction control signal in different frequency bands, so that the output bone conduction sound and air conduction sound waves have specific phase-frequency characteristics. Through the above-mentioned adjustment method, the total output of the system can have different amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics.

[0125] In some embodiments, the magnitude of the signal converted into the driving force can be adjusted by adjusting the electromechanical conversion coefficient of the corresponding output module. For example, in the dynamic coil configuration, the magnetic field strength, coil impedance, coil wire length, etc. can be adjusted to adjust the electromechanical conversion coefficient; in the moving iron structure, the magnetic field strength, coil impedance, coil turns, coil shape, etc. can be adjusted to adjust the electromechanical conversion coefficient.

[0126] In some embodiments, the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of the output can be adjusted by adjusting the mass, elasticity, and damping of the mechanical vibration module in the output module. For example, the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of the output can be adjusted by adjusting the sound structure (such as the sound cavity, the sound guide tube, the tuning hole, the tuning net, etc.) in the sound output module.

[0127] Fig.18 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force. By adjusting the phase of the output of different resonant systems, the output phase can be enhanced within a specific frequency band.

[0128] Fig.19 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two different resonant systems driven by the same driving force. The phase of the output of different resonant systems can be adjusted to achieve an output cancellation effect within a specific frequency band.

[0129] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0130] The vibration speaker 31 may include a vibration component 310. The vibration component 310 may be electrically connected to the signal processing module to receive the control signal, and generate the bone conduction sound wave based on the control signal. For example, the vibration component 310 may be any element (e.g., a vibration motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, etc.) that converts an electrical signal (e.g., a control signal from the signal processing module 2) into a mechanical vibration signal, wherein the signal conversion method includes but is not limited to: electromagnetic (moving coil, moving iron, magnetostrictive), piezoelectric, electrostatic, etc. The structure inside the vibration component 310 may be a single resonance system or a composite resonance system. The vibration component 310 may perform a first mechanical vibration according to the control signal, wherein the first mechanical vibration generates a bone conduction sound wave 5. The vibration component 310 may include a contact portion, wherein the contact portion is used to fit the user's head skin when the user wears the sound output device 1, thereby conducting the bone conduction sound wave 5 to the user's cochlea via the user's skull.

[0131] The air conduction speaker 32 may include a housing 320. The housing 320 may be coupled to the vibration assembly 310 and generate air conduction sound waves 6 based on the bone conduction sound waves 5. The housing 320 may be connected to the vibration assembly 310 through a connector 33. The housing 320 may serve as a secondary resonance system of the first mechanical vibration. On the one hand, the housing 320 itself may serve as a mechanical system that may generate a second mechanical vibration under the excitation (actuate, actuation) of the first mechanical vibration; on the other hand, after the second mechanical vibration is conducted into the air to form a sound (i.e., the air conduction sound wave 6), the internal space of the housing 320 may serve as a resonance chamber to amplify the sound. In some embodiments, the response of the housing 320 to the first mechanical vibration may be adjusted by adjusting the connector 33 between the housing 320 and the vibration assembly 310, that is, the acoustic effect of the housing 320 may be adjusted by adjusting the connector 33. For example, the connector 33 may be rigid. The connector 33 may also be flexible. For example, the connector 33 may be an elastic member, such as a spring or a spring. Because systems with different elastic coefficients have different amplitude responses to the same frequency input, the amplitude response of the second mechanical vibration to different frequency excitations can be adjusted by changing the elastic coefficient of the connector 33 and / or the elastic coefficient and mass of the housing 320. In some embodiments, the sound output device is a headset. For convenience of description, Fig. 20 The earphone shown is a quadrilateral structure. Of course, the earphone can also have other shapes, such as cylindrical, ordinary earplug shape, and other shapes suitable for the internal structure of the ear canal, etc.

[0132] In summary, Figure 2 The sound output device shown can directly output bone-conducted sound waves to the outside when the vibration component 310 is working, such as outputting bone-conducted sound to the human body by fitting the human skin. At the same time, the first mechanical vibration generated by the vibration component 310 is transmitted to the shell 320 through the connecting member, so that the shell 320 also has a certain vibration, that is, the second mechanical vibration. The second vibration can be used as a sound source of air-conducted sound waves to radiate sound to the outside, thereby realizing that a device simultaneously outputs bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves. Furthermore, the bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device come from the same driving source, so the bone-conducted sound waves (or the first mechanical vibration) and the air-conducted sound waves (or the second mechanical vibration) output by it are correlated.

[0133] Fig.21 Shows Fig. 20The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the bone-conducted sound waves and the air-conducted sound waves of the structure shown. As can be seen from the figure, the spectrum of the output bone-conducted sound waves is related to the spectrum of the air-conducted sound waves, and the positions of the resonance peaks correspond to each other. However, since the bone-conducted sound waves are generated by the vibration speaker 31, and the air-conducted sound waves are generated by the secondary resonance system being subjected to the first mechanical vibration, their responses in amplitude to the excitation signal of the same frequency are different. Fig.21 It can be seen from the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the bone-conducted sound waves and the air-conducted sound waves shown in that the amplitude output of the bone-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device is greater than that of the air-conducted sound waves in the frequency range of about 0Hz-23Hz and above about 1300Hz. In the frequency range of 23Hz-1300Hz, the amplitude of the air-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device is greater than that of the bone-conducted sound waves.

[0134] Since the human voice and the sound of musical instruments are basically concentrated between 20Hz-5KHz. Therefore, if this interval is used as the target frequency range, the target frequency range is divided into three frequency intervals: low frequency, medium frequency, and high frequency. For example, as mentioned above, low frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 20Hz to 150Hz, medium frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 150Hz to 5KHz, high frequency band may refer to a frequency band of approximately 5KHz to 20KHz, medium-low frequency may refer to a frequency band of approximately 150Hz to 500Hz, and medium-high frequency refers to a frequency band of 500Hz to 5KHz. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the distinction between the above frequency bands is only given as an example to roughly give the interval. The definition of the above frequency bands may change with different industries, different application scenarios and different classification standards. For example, in some other application scenarios, low frequency refers to the frequency band of roughly 20Hz to 80Hz, mid-low frequency may refer to the frequency band of roughly 80Hz-160Hz, mid-frequency may refer to the frequency band of roughly 160Hz to 1280Hz, mid-high frequency may refer to the frequency band of roughly 1280Hz-2560Hz, and high frequency band may refer to the frequency band of roughly 2560Hz to 120KHz.

[0135] For the same control signal from the signal processing module 2, the air-conducted sound wave has a larger amplitude output in the low-frequency range, while the bone-conducted sound wave has a larger amplitude output in the high-frequency range. In the intermediate frequency range, with 1.3 Hz as the boundary, the amplitude of the air-conducted sound wave output by the sound output device can be greater than or less than the amplitude of the bone-conducted sound wave. Of course, the above description of the sound wave output is limited to Fig. 20 Changing the design of the sound output device can change the distribution of its bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves output.

[0136] Therefore, by adjusting the shape, position, and stiffness of different elements of the sound output device, the sound output device can adjust the output amplitude of the bone conduction sound wave and the air conduction sound wave at different frequency bands within the target frequency range, thereby creating different output sound effects. For example, for bone conduction headphones, air conduction sound waves can serve as a supplement to bone conduction sound waves to enhance the user's overall acoustic experience.

[0137] In the following description, the present application will introduce different design schemes of the sound output device respectively.

[0138] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig. 22 Zhongyu Fig. 20 Elements with the same reference numerals have the same or similar structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0139] In this embodiment, the housing 320 further includes a sound outlet hole 322. The air-conducted sound wave 6 is output from the inside of the housing 320 to the outside of the housing 320 through the sound outlet hole 322. The air conduction speaker 32 further includes a tuning net 323 covering the sound outlet hole 322. The tuning net 323 can be used to adjust the frequency of the air-conducted sound wave 6. In some embodiments, the housing 320 may define a cavity 319 to accommodate a portion of the vibration component 310. In some embodiments, the sound outlet hole 322 may be a tuning hole that guides the air-conducted sound wave generated by the first mechanical vibration of the vibration component 310 inside the housing 320 due to the vibration of the air outside the housing 320, and interacts with the air-conducted sound wave generated by the vibration of the housing 320 itself (i.e., the second mechanical vibration) to form a comprehensive air-conducted sound wave output. In some embodiments, the housing 320 may include a plurality of sound outlet holes 322. The user can adjust the air-conducted sound wave output by adjusting the number, position, size and / or shape of the sound outlet holes 322.

[0140] Fig.23 Schematic diagrams showing different positions of the sound outlet hole. In some embodiments, the sound outlet hole 322 may be oriented so that when the sound output device is located at the user's temple, it faces away from the temple. In some embodiments, the sound outlet hole 322 may be oriented so that when the sound output device is located at the user's temple, it faces toward the user's external auditory canal. In some embodiments, the sound outlet hole 322 may be oriented so that when the sound output device is located at the user's temple, it faces behind the user's ear. In some embodiments, the sound outlet hole 322 may be oriented so that when the sound output device is located at the user's temple, it faces toward the top of the user's head.

[0141] Fig.24The amplitude-frequency characteristics of air-conducted sound waves at different sound outlet positions are shown. As shown in the figure, it is assumed that the sound output device is placed in a position slightly above the ear so that its vibration speaker fits the head to output vibration. The sound outlets are set at different positions of the shell, and the air-conducted sound waves transmitted to the human ear will be different. Compared with the case without a sound guide hole, setting a sound outlet on the back of the shell (position P1) will increase the high frequency of the air-conducted sound transmitted to the human ear and reduce the mid-frequency. Setting a sound outlet on the side of the shell in the direction of the ear (position P2) will significantly increase the mid- and high-frequency components of the air-conducted sound waves transmitted to the human ear, which can improve the comprehensive acoustic volume and improve the quality of voice communication. Setting a sound outlet on the side of the shell in the direction behind the ear (position P3) will increase the mid- and high-frequency components of the air-conducted sound waves transmitted to the human ear, but the increase is not as large as when the hole is directly drilled in the direction of the ear. Setting a sound outlet on the side of the shell in the direction of the top of the head (position P4) will only slightly increase the volume of the air-conducted sound waves transmitted to the human ear, and the effect is not significant. Furthermore, the position of the sound outlet is not limited to the above-mentioned single position, but may also be a combination of multiple positions, and the number of the sound outlet may be one or more than one.

[0142] Therefore, by adjusting the different positions of the sound output hole of the sound output device on the housing 320, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the air-conducted sound waves of the sound output device can be adjusted, and then adjusting the design of the sound output device can change the distribution of its bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves. For example, for bone conduction headphones, air-conducted sound waves can serve as a supplement to bone-conducted sound waves to enhance the user's overall acoustic experience.

[0143] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.25 Zhongyu Fig. 20 Elements with the same reference numerals have the same or similar structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0144] The vibration speaker 131 may include a vibration component 1310. The vibration component 1310 may be electrically connected to the signal processing module to receive the control signal, and generate bone conduction sound waves 5 based on the control signal. The vibration component 1310 may perform a first mechanical vibration according to the control signal, wherein the first mechanical vibration generates the bone conduction sound waves 5.

[0145] The vibration assembly 1310 may further include a magnetic circuit system 1311, a vibration plate 1312, and a coil 1313. The magnetic circuit system 1311 may be configured to generate a first magnetic field. Specifically, the magnetic circuit system 1311 may include a magnetic gap 1317 and be configured to generate the first magnetic field in the magnetic gap 1317. The vibration plate 1312 may be connected to the housing 1320 of the air conduction speaker 32. The coil 1313 may be mechanically connected to the vibration plate 1312 and electrically connected to the signal processing module. The coil 1313 may be placed in the magnetic gap 1317. The coil 1313 receives the control signal and generates a second magnetic field based on the control signal. Due to the interaction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, the coil 1313 is subjected to a force F, thereby exciting the vibration plate 1312 to vibrate to generate bone conduction sound waves 5. The vibration plate 1312 may include a sound outlet hole 1314.

[0146] The air conduction speaker 32 may include a housing 1320, a diaphragm 1321, a first tuning mesh 1322, and a second tuning mesh 1323. The housing 1320 may be connected to the vibration plate 1312 to define a cavity 1319 for accommodating the magnetic circuit system 1311 and the diaphragm 1321. The housing 1320 may include a tuning hole 1324. The diaphragm 1321 may be connected to the magnetic circuit system 1311 and the housing 1320. Due to the interaction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, the magnetic circuit system 1311 may also be subjected to a corresponding reaction force -F and excite the diaphragm 1321 to vibrate, thereby generating air conduction sound waves 6. The air conduction sound waves 6 may be output from the interior of the housing 1320 (i.e., the cavity 1319) to the exterior of the housing 1320 through the sound outlet hole 1314. The first tuning mesh 1322 may cover the sound outlet hole 1314 to adjust the frequency of the air conduction sound waves 6. The second tuning mesh 1323 can cover the tuning hole 1324 to adjust the pressure inside the housing 1320, thereby adjusting the frequency of the air-conducted sound wave 6. In some embodiments, there can be multiple sound outlet holes 1314. In some embodiments, there can be multiple tuning holes 1324.

[0147] By adjusting the stiffness of the vibration plate 1312 and / or the shell 1320 (e.g., structural dimensions, material elastic modulus, ribs and other special mechanical structures), the output characteristics of the bone-conducted sound waves 5 can be adjusted. The output characteristics of the air-conducted sound waves 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the shape, elastic coefficient, and damping of the diaphragm 1321. The output characteristics of the air-conducted sound waves 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the number, position, size, and / or shape of the sound outlet holes 1314 and / or the tuning holes 1324.

[0148] Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.26 The embodiment shown and Fig.25 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.26In the illustrated embodiment, the sound outlet 1314 is located on the housing 1320 rather than on the vibration plate 1312 .

[0149] Fig. 27 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves are shown. As shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the resonant frequency of the output bone-conducted sound waves can be increased to high frequency by increasing the stiffness of the vibration plate and the shell, and the resonant frequency of the output air-conducted sound waves can be controlled at low frequency by adjusting the magnetic circuit quality, the elastic coefficient of the diaphragm, setting tuning holes, etc. Bone-conducted sound waves can make people hear through bone conduction, and air-conducted sound waves can make people hear through traditional air conduction. Bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves of different frequency bands can complement each other and enhance the user's listening experience. Allowing users to hear enough low frequencies without feeling strong low-frequency vibrations, at the same time, bone-conducted sound waves also enhance the user's perception of high frequencies.

[0150] Fig.28 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.28 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.28 In the illustrated embodiment, the magnetic circuit system 1311 is connected to the housing 1320 via the first elastic member 1315. By connecting the magnetic circuit system 1311 and the housing 1320 with the first elastic member 1315, a portion of the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit system 1311 is output to the housing 1320 and combined with the vibration of the vibration plate 1312 to form the output of bone-conducted sound waves, and another portion of the vibration generated by the magnetic circuit system 1311 excites the diaphragm 1321 to generate the output of air-conducted sound waves. By adjusting the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 1315, at least two resonance peaks can be generated within the audible range of the human ear, thereby achieving the output of a wider-band bone-conducted sound wave.

[0151] Fig.29 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.29 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.29In the illustrated embodiment, the magnetic circuit system 1311 is connected to the vibration plate 1312 via the first elastic member 1315, and the vibration plate 1312 is connected to the housing 1320 via the second elastic member 1316. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit system 1311 is not connected to the housing 1320. In some embodiments, the vibration plate 1312 may have an "I"-shaped cross-section, the upper portion of the vibration plate 1312 may be located outside the cavity 1319, and the lower portion of the vibration plate 1312 may be located inside the cavity 1319. In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit system 1311 may be connected to the middle portion of the vibration plate 1312 via the elastic member 1315. By adjusting the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 1315 and / or the second elastic member 1316, at least three resonance peaks may be generated within the audible range of the human ear, thereby achieving a wider-band output of bone-conducted sound waves.

[0152] Fig.30 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.30 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.30 In the illustrated embodiment, the vibration assembly 1310 may further include a magnetic circuit system 1311 and a vibration plate 1312 rigidly connected to each other, the vibration plate 1312 is connected to the housing 1320 via a second elastic member 1316, and the air conduction speaker 32 may include a coil 1313 and a diaphragm 1321 connected to each other. In this embodiment, the coil 1313 is not connected to the vibration plate 1312. In this embodiment, because the system mass formed by the coil 1313 and the diaphragm 1321 is relatively small, a wide-band air-conducted sound wave output can be achieved. In addition, because the mass of the magnetic circuit system 1311, the vibration plate 1312, and the second elastic member 1316 is relatively large, by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member 1316, a low-frequency bone-conducted sound wave output can be achieved.

[0153] Fig.31 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.31 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.31 In the illustrated embodiment, the first tuning mesh 1322 is not provided, and the air conduction speaker 32 may include a sound guide tube 1326, which may be connected to the housing 1320 and communicate with the sound outlet 1314 and is configured to adjust the phase of the air conduction sound wave 6 and / or change the propagation direction of the air conduction sound wave 6, thereby adjusting the output quality of the air conduction sound wave 6 and enhancing the output effect of the air conduction sound wave 6. For example, by guiding the air conduction sound wave 6 to the ear through the sound guide tube 1326, the volume of the air conduction sound wave heard by the human ear can be increased.

[0154] Fig.32A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.32 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.32 In the illustrated embodiment, the second tuning mesh 1323 is not provided, and the air conduction speaker 32 may include a sound guide tube 1326, which may be connected to the housing 1320 and communicate with the tuning hole 1324. By providing the sound guide tube 1326 at a non-sound outlet (such as the tuning hole 1324), the phase of the air-conducted sound wave 6 may be adjusted, and the air-conducted sound wave 7 derived through the sound guide tube 1326 is superimposed with the air-conducted sound wave 6 output from the sound outlet 1314, so that the final air-conducted sound wave can be regulated.

[0155] Fig.33 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.33 The embodiment shown and Fig.26 The embodiment shown is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , except that Fig.33 In the illustrated embodiment, the second tuning mesh 1323 is not provided, and the air conduction speaker 32 may include a passive diaphragm 1327, which may be mechanically connected to the tuning hole 1324. When the vibration plate 1312 vibrates to generate bone conduction sound waves, the air pressure in the housing 1320 may change and / or vibrate accordingly. By covering the passive diaphragm 1327 at a non-sound outlet (such as the tuning hole 1324), the vibration of the passive diaphragm 1327 due to the change in the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the housing 1320 can also radiate secondary air conduction sound waves 7 to the outside (that is, the bone conduction sound waves cause the air pressure inside the housing to change, thereby stimulating the passive diaphragm to vibrate and generate secondary air conduction sound waves 7), and the secondary air conduction sound waves 7 are superimposed on the air conduction sound waves 6 output from the sound outlet 1314, so that the final air conduction sound waves can be regulated.

[0156] Fig.34 A schematic diagram of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0157] The vibration speaker 31 may include a first vibration component 2310 and an elastic member 2318. The first vibration component 2310 may be electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 21 to receive the bone conduction control signal and generate the bone conduction sound wave 5 based on the bone conduction control signal. The first vibration component 2310 may include: a magnetic circuit system 2311, a vibration plate 2312 and a first coil 2313. The magnetic circuit system 2311 may be connected to the housing 2320 of the air conduction speaker 32 through the elastic member 2318. The magnetic circuit system 2311 may be configured to generate a first magnetic field. Specifically, the magnetic circuit system 2311 may include a first magnetic gap 2317 and a second magnetic gap 2317 and may be configured to generate the first magnetic field in the first magnetic gap 2317 and the second magnetic gap 2317. The vibration plate 2312 may be connected to the housing 2320. The first coil 2313 may be mechanically connected to the vibration plate 2312 and electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 21. The first coil 2313 may be placed in the first magnetic gap 2317. The first coil 2313 receives the bone conduction control signal and generates a second magnetic field based on the bone conduction control signal. Due to the interaction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, the first coil 2313 is subjected to a force F1, thereby exciting the vibration plate 2312 to vibrate, so as to generate bone conduction sound waves 5. The vibration plate 2312 may include a sound outlet hole 2314.

[0158] The air conduction speaker 32 may include a housing 2320, a second vibration component 2316, a first tuning mesh 2322, and a second tuning mesh 2323. The housing 2320 may be connected to the vibration plate 2312 to define a cavity 2319 that accommodates the magnetic circuit system 2311 and the diaphragm 2321. The second vibration component 2316 may be electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit 22 to receive the air conduction control signal and generate air conduction sound waves 6 based on the air conduction control signal. The second vibration component 2316 may include a diaphragm 2321 and a second coil 2327. The diaphragm 2321 may be connected to the housing 2320 and to the second coil 2327. The second coil 2327 may be electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit 22. The second coil 2327 may be placed in the second magnetic gap 2317. The second coil 2327 receives the air conduction control signal and generates a third magnetic field based on the air conduction control signal. Since the first magnetic field interacts with the third magnetic field, the second coil 2327 is subjected to a force F2, thereby exciting the diaphragm 2321 to vibrate, so as to generate air-conducted sound waves 6. The air-conducted sound waves 6 can be output from the inside of the shell 2320 (i.e., the cavity 2319) to the outside of the shell 2320 through the sound outlet hole 2314. The first tuning net 2322 can cover the sound outlet hole 2314 to adjust the frequency of the air-conducted sound waves 6. The second tuning net 2323 can cover the tuning hole 2324 to adjust the pressure inside the shell 2320, thereby adjusting the frequency of the air-conducted sound waves 6. In some embodiments, there can be multiple sound outlet holes 2314. In some embodiments, there can be multiple tuning holes 2324.

[0159] In summary, the sound output holes of the sound output device are adjusted at different positions on the shell, and the frequency range and amplitude of the air-conducted sound waves and bone-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device are adjusted by adjusting the stiffness of the vibration plate and the shell, adjusting the magnetic circuit quality, the elastic coefficient of the diaphragm, setting tuning holes, etc. Bone-conducted sound waves can make people hear through bone conduction, and air-conducted sound waves can make people hear through traditional air conduction. Bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves of different frequency bands can complement each other and enhance the user's overall acoustic experience.

[0160] for example Fig.35 An amplitude-frequency characteristic of a sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, for example, the frequency components contained in the bone conduction sound wave and the air conduction sound wave are different, which can achieve the technical effect of complementary frequency bands.

[0161] In some embodiments, air-conducted sound waves contain mid-low frequency components, and bone-conducted sound waves contain mid-high frequency components. Users can hear mid-low frequency sounds through air conduction and mid-high frequency sounds through bone conduction. By supplementing the low frequency with air-conducted sound waves, the strong vibration caused by low-frequency bone-conducted sound waves can be avoided while ensuring good sound quality (especially low frequency).

[0162] In some embodiments, the sound output device is configured to output sound waves within a target frequency range, the bone-conducted sound waves include a high-frequency portion of the target frequency range, and the air-conducted sound waves include a low-frequency portion of the target frequency range.

[0163] In some embodiments, the bone-conducted sound waves may include a mid-frequency portion of the target frequency range, and the air-conducted sound waves may include a mid-frequency portion of the target frequency range.

[0164] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves include mid-high frequency components, and the bone-conducted sound waves include mid-low frequency components. Since the user is more sensitive to mid-high frequency sounds in hearing, and the user is generally more sensitive to low-frequency mechanical vibrations in skin touch, the above output mode can provide prompts to the user in both hearing and touch, thus realizing dual-mode prompts / warnings of hearing and touch.

[0165] In some embodiments, the vibration speaker is further configured to generate low-frequency vibration waves that are perceptible to the user's skin.

[0166] In some embodiments, the user can make the air conduction sound waves and bone conduction sound waves contain the required frequency band components respectively by adjusting the parameters of the corresponding signal processing modules (e.g., bone conduction signal processing module, air conduction signal processing module) and / or output modules (e.g., vibration speakers, air conduction speakers).

[0167] Fig.36 Another amplitude-frequency characteristic of the sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, for example, the bone conduction sound wave and the air conduction sound wave contain the same frequency component, which can enhance the technical effect of a certain frequency band.

[0168] In some embodiments, the bone-conducted sound waves (vibration) and the air-conducted sound waves (sound) contain the same frequency components in the low-mid frequency band, and the two can work together to achieve a low-mid frequency output greater than a high-mid frequency output. The hearing threshold / equal loudness curve of the human ear shows the characteristics of high low-mid frequencies and low high frequencies, that is, the human ear is more sensitive to high frequencies. The above-mentioned output mode in which the low-mid frequencies are greater than the high-mid frequencies can better compensate for the weakening effect of the low-mid frequency sounds caused by the hearing threshold of the human ear, so that the sounds heard by the human ear are balanced in each frequency band.

[0169] In some embodiments, the bone-conducted sound waves may include a low-frequency portion of the target frequency range, and the bone-conducted sound waves may be superimposed with the air-conducted sound waves, so that the output of the sound output device at mid-low frequencies is greater than its output at mid-high frequencies.

[0170] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves contain mid- and low-frequency components, and the bone-conducted sound waves contain components with a wider frequency band than the air-conducted sound waves. Bone conduction listening can be achieved, mid- and low-frequency components can be enhanced, and sound quality can be improved without increasing strong mechanical vibrations of mid- and low-frequency components, thereby ensuring comfort and safety.

[0171] In some embodiments, bone conduction sound waves contain mid- and low-frequency components, and air conduction sound waves contain components with a wider frequency band than bone conduction sound waves. By adding appropriate mid- and low-frequency vibrations, users can gain tactile sensations while having auditory sensations, thereby enhancing the listening experience.

[0172] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound wave includes a mid-frequency portion in the target frequency range, the bone-conducted sound wave includes a low-frequency portion and a mid-frequency portion in the target frequency range, and the bone-conducted sound wave covers a wider frequency range than the air-conducted sound wave.

[0173] Fig.37 Another amplitude-frequency characteristic of the sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, for example, the air-conducted sound waves and the bone-conducted sound waves contain the same frequency components in the mid-high frequency band. The same frequency components can be muffled frequency sound waves, that is, when the same frequency components of the air-conducted sound waves and the bone-conducted sound waves are opposite in phase, the mid-high frequency sound leakage can be weakened. In addition, when the same frequency components of the air-conducted sound waves and the bone-conducted sound waves are the same in phase, the mid-high frequency sound leakage can be enhanced.

[0174] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves include mid- and high-frequency components, and the bone-conducted sound waves include components with a wider frequency band than the air-conducted sound waves. The air-conducted sound waves can be used as a sound source for anti-phase cancellation to offset the mid- and high-frequency sound leakage caused by the bone-conducted device.

[0175] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves may include a common sound-absorbing frequency sound wave with the bone-conducted sound waves, the air-conducted sound waves may include a mid-frequency portion and a high-frequency portion in the target frequency range, and the bone-conducted sound waves may cover a wider frequency range than the air-conducted sound waves.

[0176] Fig.38 Another amplitude-frequency characteristic of the sound output device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0177] In some embodiments, the bone-conducted sound wave contains mid-high frequency components, and the air-conducted sound wave contains components with a wider frequency band than the bone-conducted sound wave, which can enhance the mid-high frequency sound. In particular, for a specific air-conducted open binaural solution, the bone-conducted sound wave can be used to make up for the deficiencies of the air-conducted sound wave in the mid-high frequency band (such as the deficiencies caused by the acoustic structure, the deficiencies in the mid-high frequency band caused by the vibration division).

[0178] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves may include a mid-frequency portion and a high-frequency portion in the target frequency range, the bone-conducted sound waves may include a mid-frequency portion in the target frequency range, and the air-conducted sound waves may cover a wider frequency range than the bone-conducted sound waves.

[0179] In some embodiments, the output of sound (air conduction) and vibration (bone conduction) can be completed by independent modules / devices. In addition to the corresponding signal processing and the characteristics of the individual modules / devices themselves, the factors affecting the output effect include the location of the modules / devices and the interaction / influence between the modules / devices, which will also affect the final output effect.

[0180] For sound output modules / devices (e.g., air conduction speakers), the boundary conditions around their location will affect the output effect of the module / device. For example, if a sound output module is placed near a human head, the sound it outputs will be affected by the shape of the head, facial features, auricle, and other boundaries.

[0181] Fig.39 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound when the sound output module provided by the embodiment of the present application is in different positions on the head. As shown in the figure, the sound output by the sound output module placed at different positions near the human head is affected by the above-mentioned boundaries in different ways, resulting in different sounds transmitted to the human ear. The sound output from the sound source is relatively flat in each frequency band, but after placing it at different positions on the head, the sound transmitted to the ear is affected by different boundaries on the sound transmission path and undergoes different changes, causing the sound transmitted to the ear to have peak and valley changes in the mid- and high-frequency bands.

[0182] In some embodiments, when the sound output device is worn by a user, one or more air conduction speakers of the sound output device may be located behind the user's head, on top of the head, on the forehead, on the bridge of the nose, behind the ear, on top of the ear and / or in front of the ear.

[0183] Due to the influence of different boundaries, the sound source can diffuse into the surrounding space / the sound field established in the surrounding space / the sound leakage will also be different.

[0184] Fig.40 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound leakage of the sound output module provided according to the embodiment of the present application are shown. As shown in the figure, in the sound leakage spectrum under the condition of unobstructed free field relative to the sound source, the sound leakage diffused to the outside world will also be affected by different boundaries when the sound source is placed at different positions on the head, resulting in changes in the spectrum of the sound leakage. The frequency band where this change occurs is also mainly in the mid-high frequency band.

[0185] For a vibration output module / device (e.g., a vibration speaker), since it needs to contact the user to transmit vibration, the contact between the module / device and the user at different locations will bring different vibration experiences to the user. The vibration output by the module / device is affected by the tissue mechanical properties at the location where it is attached, the pressure and pressure distribution of the attachment surface, and the vibration direction.

[0186] Some vibration output modules / devices will output sound to the surrounding space when working, and the output sound will also be affected by the surrounding boundary conditions.

[0187] Fig.41 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound leakage of the vibration output module provided in accordance with the embodiment of the present application are shown. Taking the vibration output module / device attached to different positions of the human head as an example, as shown in the figure, the sound diffused to the surrounding space / the sound field established in the surrounding space / the sound leakage will also be different at different positions. Compared with the sound leakage of the vibration output module / device under the condition of free field without attachment, when the vibration output module / device is attached to different positions of the human head, the sound leakage changes significantly in the mid- and high-frequency bands, that is, the sound leakage in the mid-frequency band decreases, and the sound leakage in the high-frequency band increases.

[0188] In some embodiments, when the sound output device is worn by a user, one or more vibration speakers of the sound output device may be located on the user's mastoid process, back of the head, top of the head, forehead, bridge of the nose, behind the ear, top of the ear and / or in front of the ear.

[0189] The outputs of each module / device can interact / influence each other. The user's final experience is the result of the combined effect of each module / device. The relevant factors between each module / device will affect their interaction.

[0190] The spacing between modules / devices can affect the amplitude and phase of the output of one module / device reaching another module / device, and also affect the amplitude and phase of the output of each module / device at a certain point in space, ultimately affecting the overall output effect.

[0191] Fig.42 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.43 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources at different distances provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, taking two dipole sound sources with a certain distance as an example, the sound source amplitudes are the same and the phases are opposite. When the distance between the two changes, the sound energy / volume output to the outside world will change. Under this condition, as the distance between the two sound sources increases, the sound volume output to the outside world will increase.

[0192] The amplitude of each module / device can directly affect the amplitude of its output to a certain place in space, and then affect the interaction of the outputs of each module / device. At the same time, since the output of each module / device will form a specific sound field distribution in space, the impact of the module / device amplitude will be different at different locations in space.

[0193] Fig.44 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.45 The normal amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application at different amplitude ratios are shown. Fig.46 The axial amplitude-frequency characteristics of two dipole sound sources provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application at different amplitude ratios are shown. As shown in the figure, taking two dipole sound sources with a certain spacing, a certain relative angle, and anti-phase to each other as an example, when the amplitude of one of the sound sources changes relative to the amplitude of the other sound source, the sound field generated in the space will change. Among them, at the position of the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the two sound sources (normal), as the amplitude ratio of one of the sound sources relative to the amplitude of the other sound source changes from small to large, the sound pressure level at this position also increases. At the position of the extended line of the line connecting the two sound sources (axial), as the amplitude ratio of one of the sound sources relative to the amplitude of the other sound source changes from small to large, the sound pressure level at this position decreases accordingly.

[0194] The phase of each module / device itself can directly affect the phase of its output to a certain point in space, thereby affecting the interaction results of the outputs of each module / device.

[0195] Fig.47 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.48 The figure shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of two monopole sound sources at different phase differences provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, taking two monopole sound sources with a certain spacing and the same amplitude as an example, when the phase difference between the two sound sources changes, the energy / volume output to the outside world will change. When the phase difference between the two gradually approaches 180°, the output energy / volume gradually decreases (the sound pressure level decreases). At the same time, the amplitude of the low-frequency reduction is greater than the amplitude of the high-frequency reduction.

[0196] The output of some modules / devices themselves has directivity / spatial anisotropy of output. Therefore, the spatial position and posture of the module / device with such characteristics will affect the distribution of the sound field established in the space, and thus affect the overall output effect.

[0197] Fig.49 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of two dipole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.50The relationship between the normal angle and the amplitude of the two dipole sound sources provided in the embodiment of the present application at different frequencies is shown. Fig.51 The relationship between the axial angle and the amplitude of two dipole sound sources at different frequencies provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, taking two dipole sound sources with a certain distance and opposite phases as an example, when the polar axis directions of the two sound sources are different, the sounds output outward are also different. The angle formed between the polar axis direction and the line connecting the two sound sources is taken as the rotation angle, and the rotation angles of the two sound sources are complementary. As the rotation angle changes, the sound pressure level / volume at different positions in the space is different. At the position of the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the two sound sources (normal), the sound pressure level has a maximum value when the rotation angle is about 80°, and a minimum value at about 165°. At the position of the extended line of the line connecting the two sound sources (axial), the sound pressure level has a minimum value when the rotation angle is about 90°.

[0198] Each module / device has a specific spatial arrangement, which will also produce a sound field with a special distribution.

[0199] Fig.52 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.53 The amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources at different frequencies provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, taking five monopole sound sources arranged at equal intervals according to a plane quadratic curve as an example, a focus of the sound field can be generated near the focus of the quadratic curve, where the sound pressure level / volume reaches a maximum. For signals of different frequencies, the effect of this sound focusing is different, and the focusing effect becomes more obvious as the frequency increases. This focusing effect also makes the output of the entire module have spatial directivity.

[0200] When the modules / devices have a specific spatial arrangement, the output phase difference between the modules / devices can affect the shape of the entire sound field and the spatial directivity of the entire module output.

[0201] Fig.54 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.55 The amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources at different phase differences provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the five monopole sound sources are arranged at equal intervals along the quadratic curve, and the output phase of each sound source increases (or decreases) by an angle θ along the distributed quadratic curve. When the angle θ changes, the focal position of the sound field changes, and as the angle θ increases from 0° to 90°, the position of the focal point of the sound field moves in the direction of phase lag.

[0202] When the modules / devices have a specific spatial arrangement, the output amplitudes between the modules / devices will affect the shape of the entire sound field and the spatial directivity of the entire module output.

[0203] Fig.56 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of five monopole sound sources provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.57 The amplitude distribution of five monopole sound sources under different amplitude ratios provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the five monopole sound sources are arranged at equal intervals along the quadratic curve, and the output amplitude of each sound source increases (or decreases) proportionally along the distributed quadratic curve with a as the proportion. When the ratio a changes, the effect of sound focusing changes. The smaller the proportional coefficient a is (the amplitude difference between each module / device becomes larger), the worse the focusing effect is, and the focal position moves toward the direction of the sound source with a larger amplitude. At the same time, when the amplitude ratio a changes, the pointing direction of the output of the entire module changes, and it deflects toward the direction of the sound source with a larger amplitude.

[0204] In some embodiments, the sound output device may include a plurality of air conduction speakers arranged at equal intervals along a quadratic curve. In some embodiments, the sound output device may include a plurality of vibration speakers arranged at equal intervals along a quadratic curve.

[0205] Fig.58 Various combinations of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves provided according to the embodiments of the present application are shown.

[0206] Vibration and sound can affect people's sense of touch and hearing respectively. The feeling they give people is stronger than that of only touch or only hearing, producing a unique feeling. Fig.58 As shown in (a), it is a working mode in which vibration and sound are alternately output, which can play the role of enhancing prompts or alarms. Compared with only vibration prompts or only sound prompts, this mode of alternating vibration and sound output can stimulate people's tactile and auditory perception and achieve a strong prompt effect. In some embodiments, the vibration is in the 1Hz-500Hz frequency band, and the sound is in the 1kHz-5kHz frequency band. Fig.58 As shown in (b), it is a working mode in which vibration and sound are output simultaneously, which can stimulate people's tactile and auditory perception at the same time, and also has a strong prompting effect. It can also be set so that the vibration changes with the sound (or the sound changes with the vibration), so as to enhance the human body's perception through touch and hearing. For example, when playing games or watching movies, the sound of an explosion is accompanied by a corresponding vibration signal to enhance the user's perception. In the scenario of sound source localization, the vibration mode is changed as the sound source localization changes (for example, the vibration amplitude or frequency is changed) to prompt the sound source localization; in VR / AR devices, the vibration mode is changed as vision and hearing change, and the fusion of vision, hearing and touch is used to enhance the sense of immersion. Since vibration and sound trigger different receptors of the user respectively, the two perceptions (touch and hearing) are clearly distinguishable. The two different perceptions of touch and hearing can be used to represent different states to achieve the transmission of information. As Fig.58As shown in (c) in the figure, the sound state (stimulating hearing) can be represented as state "0", and the vibration state (stimulating touch) can be represented as state "1". The intermittent output of sound or vibration can form a string of binary information to achieve information transmission. Fig.58 As shown in (d) in the figure, the sound state and the vibration state can be represented by "." and "—" in Morse code respectively, so that information can be transmitted through Morse coding.

[0207] Fig.59 The positions of the vibration speaker and the air conduction speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application on the user's head are shown. Fig.60 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of sound leakage of the vibration speaker provided according to the embodiment of the present application are shown. Fig.61 The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sound leakage of the vibration speaker provided according to the embodiment of the present application at different powers are shown. As shown in the figure, the vibration output module (for example, the vibration speaker) outputs vibration by fitting to the human head or outputs sound by bone conduction. At the same time, since the vibration output module drives the surrounding air to vibrate, air conduction sound leakage will occur, affecting the user experience.

[0208] A sound output module is added on the basis of the vibration output module, and the air-conducted sound waves output by the sound output module interact with the air-conducted leakage sound generated by the vibration output module to achieve the effect of reducing the external leakage sound.

[0209] By adjusting the phase and amplitude of the sound output module (for example, an air conduction speaker), the effect of reducing external sound leakage can also be adjusted. Taking the case where the vibration output module is placed in front of the ear as an example, adjusting the phase of the sound output module so that the sound it outputs is in phase with the sound leakage of the vibration module, the sound leakage of the entire device will increase; adjusting the phase of the sound output module so that the sound it outputs is in anti-phase with the sound leakage of the vibration module, the sound leakage of the entire device will be reduced. Affected by the distance between the two modules, sound leakage reduction is only achieved in a specific frequency band.

[0210] By adjusting the signal amplitude of the sound output module, you can also adjust the amplitude of the sound output module output, thereby affecting the effect of reducing external leakage sound. If the output sound amplitude is too small, the sound cancellation effect is not obvious; if the output sound amplitude is too large, the output sound dominates the leakage sound component and cannot play the role of reducing leakage sound. When the amplitude of the output sound is equivalent to the amplitude of the leakage sound, there will be a more obvious effect of reducing leakage sound.

[0211] In some embodiments, the augmented reality (AR, Augmented Reality) / virtual reality (VR, Virtual Reality) device includes a sound output device as described above. For example, one or more sound and vibration output modules may be set on the AR / VR device to provide auditory and tactile input to the user. Combined with the visual input of the AR / VR device, the user's sense of immersion can be enhanced. In particular, a set of sound and vibration output modules may be set on each of the left and right ears of the user, which may provide the user with stereo sound effects while providing vibrations of corresponding modes. In particular, an array of sound and vibration output modules may be set at the eye mask or headband of the AR / VR device, which may realize directional output of sound, and may also use the vibration output module array for spatial positioning prompts. For example, the output of the sound output module array is controlled according to the user movement and rotation signals obtained by the sensor (three-axis accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.) so that the user can locate by hearing. The vibration mode of the vibration output module array may also be controlled to prompt the user with information such as distance, angle, and strength.

Claims

1. A sound output device, characterized in that: The sound output device includes a vibration speaker, an air conduction speaker and a signal processing module, the signal processing module includes a bone conduction signal processing circuit and an air conduction signal processing circuit, the vibration speaker includes a first vibration component, the first vibration component is electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit to receive a bone conduction control signal, and generates a bone conduction sound wave based on the bone conduction control signal, the air conduction speaker includes a shell and a second vibration component, the second vibration component is electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit to receive an air conduction control signal, and generates an air conduction sound wave based on the air conduction control signal, the first vibration component includes a vibration plate connected to the shell and used to generate the bone conduction sound wave, and the second vibration component includes a diaphragm connected to the shell and used to generate the air conduction sound wave.

2. The sound output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vibration component also includes a magnetic circuit system and a first coil, the magnetic circuit system is configured to generate a first magnetic field, the first coil is connected to the vibration plate and electrically connected to the bone conduction signal processing circuit, the first coil receives the bone conduction control signal and generates a second magnetic field based on the bone conduction control signal, the first magnetic field interacts with the second magnetic field so that the vibration plate generates the bone conduction sound wave, the second vibration component also includes a second coil, the second coil is connected to the diaphragm and electrically connected to the air conduction signal processing circuit, the second coil receives the air conduction control signal and generates a third magnetic field based on the air conduction control signal, the first magnetic field interacts with the third magnetic field so that the diaphragm generates the air conduction sound wave.

3. The sound output device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit system is provided with a first magnetic gap and a second magnetic gap and is configured to generate the first magnetic field in the first magnetic gap and the second magnetic gap. The first coil is provided in the first magnetic gap, and the second coil is provided in the second magnetic gap.

4. The sound output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first magnetic gap and the second magnetic gap are arranged on two sides of the magnetic circuit system that are opposite to each other.

5. The sound output device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration speaker further includes an elastic member, and the magnetic circuit system is connected to the housing through the elastic member.

6. The sound output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-conducted sound waves are output from the inside of the shell to the outside of the shell through a sound outlet hole, and the sound outlet hole is arranged on the shell and is located on a side of the shell away from the vibration plate.

7. The sound output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone conduction signal processing circuit comprises a full-frequency signal processing module, wherein the full-frequency signal processing module is configured to generate a bone conduction output signal based on an initial acoustic signal, and the bone conduction output signal is amplified by a first power amplifier to be the bone conduction control signal; The air conduction signal processing circuit includes a frequency division module, a high-frequency signal processing module, a low-frequency signal processing module and a signal synthesis module. The frequency division module is configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal into a high-frequency signal component and a low-frequency signal component. The high-frequency signal processing module is coupled to the frequency division module and is configured to generate a high-frequency output signal according to the high-frequency signal component. The low-frequency signal processing module is coupled to the frequency division module and is configured to generate a low-frequency output signal according to the low-frequency signal component. The signal synthesis module is coupled to the high-frequency signal processing module and the low-frequency signal processing module and is configured to synthesize the high-frequency output signal and the low-frequency output signal into an air conduction output signal. The air conduction output signal is amplified by a second power amplifier to be the air conduction control signal.

8. The sound output device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low-frequency component in the air-conducted sound wave is used to enhance the user's low-frequency sound perception, and the high-frequency component is used to weaken the high-frequency sound leakage.

9. The sound output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a sub-band decomposition module, a vibration signal processing module and a sound signal processing module. The sub-band decomposition module is configured to decompose the initial acoustic signal into multiple signal components, and the multiple signal components are respectively located in different frequency bands. The vibration signal processing module is configured to generate multiple bone conduction output signals according to the multiple signal components. The sound signal processing module is configured to generate multiple air conduction output signals according to the multiple signal components. The multiple bone conduction output signals and the multiple air conduction output signals are further synthesized respectively, and then form the bone conduction control signal and the air conduction control signal through a power amplifier.

10. The sound output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-conducted sound waves contain medium and low frequency components, and the bone-conducted sound waves contain medium and high frequency components. The frequency components contained in the bone-conducted sound waves and the air-conducted sound waves are different, and the frequency bands complement each other.

Images