Underground water level long-acting monitoring method and device based on embedded microsensor array

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground water level long-acting monitoring method and device based on embedded microsensor arrays, and the method comprises the steps: respectively embedding at least one group of microsensor arrays in a clay layer, a gravel layer and a sedimentary rock layer of a to-be-monitored area, the microsensor arrays comprising soil humidity, temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic and precipitation sensors; monitoring soil parameters of the to-be-monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters comprise soil humidity, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in soil and precipitation; inputting the soil parameters and the auxiliary information in the preset time period into the underground water level dynamic model, and calculating the water level lifting amplitude of the underground water level of the to-be-monitored area; the underground water level dynamic model is a combined model comprising a saturated region sub-model and an unsaturated region sub-model. The underground water level dynamic model is combined with the saturated region sub-model and the unsaturated region sub-model, and the lifting amplitude of the underground water level of the to-be-monitored region can be calculated more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of groundwater level detection, and in particular to a method and device for long-term groundwater level monitoring based on an embedded microsensor array, and a computing device. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater level monitoring is of great significance for preventing geological disasters, protecting the water environment, and ensuring the safety of underground projects.

[0003] At present, groundwater level monitoring mainly relies on float-type water level gauges and pressure-sensing water level gauges. Among them, the float-type water level gauge measures the water level by the change in the buoyancy of the float in the water. Since it is easily affected by the inclination of the borehole, the measurement accuracy is limited. In addition, the installation and maintenance of the float-type water level gauge are relatively complicated, and it is not easy to achieve remote real-time monitoring. The pressure-sensing water level gauge converts the groundwater level depth by measuring the groundwater pressure. Although it improves the degree of automation of the measurement to a certain extent, it is still susceptible to the change of groundwater flow and density, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement results. At the same time, the pressure-sensing water level gauge is more complicated in terms of layout and calibration.

[0004] Therefore, a more efficient and accurate groundwater level monitoring method is urgently needed. The present invention proposes a long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array to improve the accuracy and convenience of groundwater level monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method and device for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, and a computing device that overcomes the problem of low accuracy of groundwater level monitoring.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array is provided, comprising: At least one set of micro sensor arrays is respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the micro sensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; Monitoring soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rise and fall of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0007] In an optional manner, the auxiliary information includes evaporation of the area to be monitored, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitored area, and the average thickness of the monitored area.

[0008] In an optional manner, the calculating of the water level rise and fall amplitude and change rate of the groundwater level in the monitored area further comprises: Calculating the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored based on soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor and reference temperature; The rise and fall of the groundwater level is calculated based on the moisture flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area, and the average thickness of the monitoring area.

[0009] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored is: , in, is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone; is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth of the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

[0010] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone is: , in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For the depth and time Soil moisture at 100°C; is the rate of change of soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone over time; is the precipitation; It is surface runoff.

[0011] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the rise and fall of the groundwater level is: , in, is the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in water storage in the saturated zone, ; is the monitoring area covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the monitoring area; For in time The water flow rate entering the saturated zone is , is the precipitation, It is surface runoff; For in time The water flow rate out of the saturated zone at time t and They are the start time and current time of monitoring respectively.

[0012] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the water flow rate out of the saturated zone is: , in, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; for Height of groundwater level in the saturated zone over time; is the height of groundwater table.

[0013] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone is: , in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on an embedded microsensor array, comprising: A microsensor array setting module is used to embed at least one group of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; A soil parameter monitoring module, used to monitor the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The water level rise and fall calculation module is used to input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computing device, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the above-mentioned method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array.

[0016] According to the scheme provided by the present invention, at least one group of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the monitored area, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period are monitored by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss in the soil and precipitation; the soil parameters of the preset time period and auxiliary information are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor a variety of soil parameters and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments by embedding microsensor arrays in clay layers, gravel layers and sedimentary rock layers. Combined with real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, the groundwater level dynamic model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model can be used to calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level, thereby improving monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a process of a long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of underground arrangement of an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing changes in groundwater levels according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a long-term monitoring device for groundwater level using an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to enable the scope of the present invention to be fully communicated to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Step S101, embedding at least one set of micro sensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the micro sensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor.

[0021] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, by embedding sensor arrays in different geological layers such as clay layers, gravel layers, and sedimentary rock layers, the geological characteristics and water level changes of each layer can be monitored separately. The micro sensor array is transmitted to the central server through the ground communication module (such as ZigBee, CAN bus, etc.), realizing remote real-time monitoring of groundwater levels.

[0022] Among them, the soil moisture measurement sensor monitors the moisture content in the soil in real time and can be used to assess groundwater level changes, natural disasters such as droughts or floods. The temperature measurement sensor monitors the underground temperature to understand the soil thermal conductivity characteristics and the health of the underground ecosystem. The electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor measures the propagation speed and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the soil to infer the soil structure, water content, and whether there are underground obstacles. The precipitation measurement sensor is used to measure precipitation. The sensor installation locations are shown in Table 1: Table 1 , In Table 1, the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensors are arranged at the interlayer interface according to the monitoring requirements.

[0023] Step S102, monitoring soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation.

[0024] In this embodiment, various sensors are connected through a data acquisition module, data is collected every hour or every half hour, and the collected data is transmitted to a remote server via LoRa, Wi-Fi or GPRS.

[0025] Step S103, inputting the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model, and calculating the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0026] In this embodiment, the saturated zone sub-model considers the influence of parameters such as the permeability coefficient and water storage coefficient of groundwater in the soil based on the basic principles of Darcy's law and the continuity equation, and is used to describe the flow process of groundwater in saturated soil. The advantage of the saturated zone sub-model is that it can accurately simulate the flow velocity and direction of groundwater in a saturated state and the dynamic changes of the groundwater level. The unsaturated zone sub-model considers the influence of processes such as diffusion, convection and adsorption of soil moisture based on the basic principles of the Richard equation, and is used to describe the movement and storage process of soil moisture in an unsaturated state. The advantage of the unsaturated zone sub-model is that it can describe in detail the distribution and dynamic change process of soil moisture and the influence of soil moisture on processes such as soil erosion. By integrating the saturated zone and the unsaturated zone, the flow and storage process of groundwater in the soil can be more accurately described, and combined with soil parameters and auxiliary information, the dynamic changes of the groundwater level can be more comprehensively reflected.

[0027] In this embodiment, the auxiliary information includes the evaporation of the area to be monitored, the surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area, and the average thickness of the monitoring area.

[0028] Specifically, the evaporation data that matches the geographical location and time range is obtained by accessing the meteorological data platform or the meteorological department website. The flow, water level and other parameters are obtained through the data of the hydrological monitoring station to estimate the surface runoff. The area of ​​the monitoring area and the average thickness of the monitoring area are obtained through the existing geological exploration data or drilling data.

[0029] In an optional manner, the calculating of the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored further comprises: Calculating the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored based on soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor and reference temperature; The rise and fall of the groundwater level is calculated based on the moisture flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area, and the average thickness of the monitoring area.

[0030] For example, for the farmland area to be monitored, the soil moisture in the area is 25% (volume water content), the soil temperature is 20°C, the electromagnetic wave propagation loss is 0.1dB / m, the temperature correction factor is 1.05 (indicating the impact of temperature on water movement), and the reference temperature is 25°C. The precipitation in the area is 500mm / year, the surface runoff is 100mm / year, the area of ​​the monitoring area is 1000m², and the average thickness is 5m. Based on the soil moisture and soil temperature data, combined with the electromagnetic wave propagation loss and the temperature correction factor, the moisture content in the soil is calculated to be 0.25m³ / m³ (i.e., 25% volume water content). Using Darcy's law or similar hydrological principles, the moisture flux in the soil is calculated to be 10 -5 If the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone is 50% of the above soil water flux, then the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone is 5×10 -6 m / s. Combining data such as precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area and the average thickness, the rise and fall of the groundwater level is calculated to be 0.1m.

[0031] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored is: , in, is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone; is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth of the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

[0032] In this embodiment, the moisture exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone and the moisture exchange flux in the unsaturated zone can more accurately describe the change in the moisture flux of the groundwater level. Soil moisture, soil temperature, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, etc. are all dynamic parameters that change with time and can reflect the real-time change of the moisture flux of the groundwater level.

[0033] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone is: , in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For the depth and time Soil moisture at 100°C; is the rate of change of soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone over time; is the precipitation; It is surface runoff.

[0034] In this embodiment, the water exchange between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone can be more comprehensively reflected by multiple factors such as the change in soil water storage in the unsaturated zone, precipitation, and surface runoff. The change in soil water storage in the unsaturated zone can be accurately calculated by integral operation, thereby obtaining a more accurate water exchange flux. By analyzing the time series data of the water exchange flux, the impact on the change in the groundwater level can be evaluated. If the water exchange flux is large, the groundwater level rises or falls faster.

[0035] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the rise and fall of the groundwater level is: , in, is the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in water storage in the saturated zone, ; is the monitoring area covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the monitoring area; For in time The water flow rate entering the saturated zone is , is the precipitation, It is surface runoff; For in time The water flow rate out of the saturated zone at time t and They are the start time and current time of monitoring respectively.

[0036] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the water flow rate out of the saturated zone is: , in, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; for Height of groundwater level in the saturated zone over time; is the height of groundwater table.

[0037] In this embodiment, not only the current height of the groundwater level in the saturated zone is considered, but also the dynamic change of the groundwater level is considered through the time derivative term, so that the water flow rate out of the saturated zone can be predicted more accurately.

[0038] In an optional manner, the calculation formula for the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone is: , in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone.

[0039] In this embodiment, the entire soil layer from the top to the bottom of the unsaturated zone is considered to ensure a comprehensive calculation of the change in water storage and avoid errors caused by ignoring a part of the soil layer.

[0040] As shown in Table 2, the calculation process or steps of the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored in this embodiment are given.

[0041] Table 2

[0042] like Figure 3 The figure shows the changes in groundwater level and precipitation from May 17 to May 27. The groundwater level value gradually increased to about 53 mm starting from May 24.

[0043] According to the scheme provided by the present invention, at least one group of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the monitored area, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period are monitored by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss in the soil and precipitation; the soil parameters of the preset time period and auxiliary information are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor a variety of soil parameters and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments by embedding microsensor arrays in clay layers, gravel layers and sedimentary rock layers. Combined with real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, the groundwater level dynamic model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model can be used to calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level, thereby improving monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0044] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the long-term monitoring device for groundwater level based on the embedded microsensor array according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The long-term monitoring device for groundwater level based on the embedded microsensor array comprises: A micro sensor array setting module 410 is used to embed at least one set of micro sensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the micro sensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; A soil parameter monitoring module 420, for monitoring soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The water level rise and fall calculation module 430 is used to input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0045] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the computing device embodiment of the present invention is shown. The specific embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific implementation of the computing device.

[0046] like Figure 5As shown, the computing device may include: a processor (processor) 502 , a communications interface (Communications Interface) 504 , a memory (memory) 506 , and a communication bus 508 .

[0047] The processor 502, the communication interface 504, and the memory 506 communicate with each other via the communication bus 508. The communication interface 504 is used to communicate with other devices such as a client or other server network elements. The processor 502 is used to execute the program 510, which can specifically execute the relevant steps in the above-mentioned embodiment of the method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on the embedded microsensor array.

[0048] Specifically, the program 510 may include program codes, which include computer operation instructions.

[0049] The processor 502 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. The one or more processors included in the computing device may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0050] The memory 506 is used to store the program 510. The memory 506 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0051] According to the scheme provided by the present invention, at least one group of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the monitored area, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period are monitored by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss in the soil and precipitation; the soil parameters of the preset time period and auxiliary information are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor a variety of soil parameters and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments by embedding microsensor arrays in clay layers, gravel layers and sedimentary rock layers. Combined with real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, the groundwater level dynamic model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model can be used to calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level, thereby improving monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and further may be divided into multiple submodules or subunits or subcomponents. All features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed in this manner may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent or similar purpose. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The present invention may be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim that lists several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same hardware item. The steps in the above embodiments should not be understood as limiting the execution order unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, characterized in that: include: At least one set of micro sensor arrays is respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the micro sensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; Monitoring soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rise and fall of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

2. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary information includes evaporation of the area to be monitored, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area, and the average thickness of the monitoring area.

3. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the water level rise and fall of the groundwater level in the monitored area further comprises: Calculating the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored based on soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor and reference temperature; The rise and fall of the groundwater level is calculated based on the moisture flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitoring area, and the average thickness of the monitoring area.

4. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored is: ， in, is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone; is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth of the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

5. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the moisture exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone is: ， in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For the depth and time Soil moisture at 100°C; is the rate of change of soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone over time; is the precipitation; It is surface runoff.

6. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the rise and fall of the groundwater level is: ， in, is the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in water storage in the saturated zone, ; is the monitoring area covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the monitoring area; For in time The water flow rate entering the saturated zone is , is the precipitation, It is surface runoff; For in time The water flow rate out of the saturated zone at ? and They are the start time and current time of monitoring respectively.

7. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the water flow rate out of the saturated zone is: ， in, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; for Time: height of groundwater level in the saturated zone; is the height of groundwater table.

8. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone is: ， in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone.

9. A long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on an embedded microsensor array, characterized in that: include: A microsensor array setting module is used to embed at least one group of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; A soil parameter monitoring module, used to monitor the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The water level rise and fall calculation module is used to input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

10. A computing device, characterized in that include: A processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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