A waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot, which belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave antennas. The antenna includes a radiation cavity, a feeding waveguide, and a radome, wherein the radiation cavity is composed of a plurality of slotted waveguides. The slotted waveguide has a plurality of slots with horn cavities, and the slots with horn cavities are parallel to the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide; a feeding slot is provided at the bottom of each slotted waveguide, and the feeding slot is a rectangular wide slot, located at the center of the slotted waveguide and passing through the feeding waveguide, and the feeding slot is perpendicular to the slot with the horn cavity. The present invention can effectively reduce the maximum electric field strength inside the antenna and improve the power capacity of the antenna, and at the same time has the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy processing and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave antennas, and in particular relates to a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot. Background Art

[0002] As drones emerge in areas such as electromagnetic interference and precision strikes, high-power microwave equipment, as the "nemesis" of drones, has become increasingly important, and high-power microwave technology has developed rapidly.

[0003] The directed energy system developed based on high-power microwave technology intercepts targets by radiating high-energy pulses through high-power microwave antennas. It has the advantages of fast strike speed, large ammunition capacity, high cost-effectiveness, and all-weather combat. It can be used to combat harassment by various types of drone swarms, microwave denial, and for air defense security, key location security, and urban security protection.

[0004] High-power microwave antenna is the radiation window of high-power microwave equipment and an important component of high-power microwave equipment. Its performance directly affects the performance and application direction of high-power microwave equipment. In order to improve the actual application capability, high-power microwave equipment is developing towards high power, miniaturization, light weight and low cost, which requires high-power microwave antenna to have the characteristics of high power capacity, high efficiency and light weight.

[0005] Among the existing high-power microwave antennas, radial spiral array antennas have complex structures, heavy weight, high development costs and relatively great difficulty; horn array antennas have low aperture efficiency and high profile; reflector antennas are not conducive to vehicle-mounted and airborne integration, and other problems. Waveguide slot antennas have the characteristics of low profile, light weight, easy conformity with the carrier, easy processing and low cost. The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118712737A discloses a lightweight waveguide slot antenna. The antenna adopts an "L"-shaped coupled feed slot, an "H"-shaped coupled feed slot and a coupled feed strip line feeding form to achieve broadband working performance of the antenna, and has the advantages of low profile and light weight.

[0006] Aiming at the problem that the electric field of a low-profile slot antenna is often concentrated near the slot, causing a sharp increase in local field strength, which becomes the main factor limiting the power capacity of the antenna, the present invention proposes a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot, comprising: a radiation cavity, a feeding waveguide, and a radome, wherein: the radiation cavity is composed of a plurality of slotted waveguides, and the slotted waveguides have a plurality of slots with horn cavities, the slots with horn cavities are parallel to the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide, and the spacing between the slots with the horn cavities is λ g / 2, where λ g is the waveguide wavelength of the slot waveguide. The distance between the short-circuit plate of the slot waveguide and the center of the slot with the horn cavity at the end is about λ g / 4, the gaps between adjacent horn cavities should be located on both sides of the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide.

[0009] Furthermore, the radiation cavity can be divided into a first radiation cavity and a second radiation cavity according to the center line O3O4, wherein the first radiation cavity and the second radiation cavity are in a translation relationship; in the respective regions of the first radiation cavity and the second radiation cavity, adjacent slotted waveguides are in a mirror relationship.

[0010] Further, the gap with the horn cavity is composed of a rectangular wide gap and the horn cavity, and the rectangular wide gap and the horn cavity have the same chamfer R1.

[0011] Furthermore, the radome is airtightly connected to the radiation cavity, and the radiation cavity is evacuated or filled with inert gas.

[0012] Furthermore, the feeding waveguide is HT, wherein a matching pin, a dielectric window and an air valve are arranged in the feeding waveguide, wherein the dielectric window is made of insulating material, and the air valve is used for filling and releasing air.

[0013] Furthermore, a feeding slot is formed at the bottom of each slotted waveguide. The feeding slot is a wide rectangular slot located on the center line O1O2 of the radiation cavity and runs through the feeding waveguide. The feeding slot is perpendicular to the slot with the horn cavity, and all feeding slots have the same chamfer R2.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding slots on the feeding waveguide deviate from the center line of the output section of the feeding waveguide, and the distances between each feeding slot and the center line are equal.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the feeding slots is the waveguide wavelength of the feeding waveguide.

[0016] The present invention and the prior art have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The slot form of the antenna radiation slot is improved to make the electric field inside the antenna more uniform, reduce the maximum electric field strength of the antenna, and improve the power capacity.

[0018] 2. The antenna has good air tightness and can be evacuated or filled with inert gas to further increase the power capacity of the antenna.

[0019] 3. The antenna has a low overall profile and compact structure, and can be modularly expanded into a large array to achieve a power capacity exceeding GW level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the central radiation cavity;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structure with a gap in the horn cavity Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3-1 It is a structure with a gap in the horn cavity Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Bottom view of the central radiation cavity;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The feeding waveguide HT in the

[0027] Figure 6 is a graph of S11 parameters in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is an antenna pattern in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is an electric field distribution diagram in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1-radiation cavity, 2-feeding waveguide, 3-radome, 4-slit waveguide, 11-first radiation cavity, 12-second radiation cavity, 21-matching pin, 22-dielectric window, 23-air valve, 41-slit with horn cavity, 411-rectangular wide slit, 412-horn cavity, 42-feeding slit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it should not be understood that the scope of the subject matter described in the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical ideas of the present invention, various modifications, substitutions and changes made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the field are included in the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 3-1, 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot includes a radiation cavity 1, a feeding waveguide 2, and a antenna cover 3, wherein: the radiation cavity 1 is composed of a slotted waveguide 4.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 The antenna cover 3 is located above the radiation cavity 1. The antenna cover 3 and the radiation cavity 1 are fixed by through-hole screws and sealed by a sealing ring, and have good airtightness.

[0035] The feeding waveguide 2 is HT. A matching pin 21, a dielectric window 22, and an air valve 23 are arranged in the feeding waveguide 1. The dielectric window 22 is made of insulating and highly wave-transmissive material to isolate the internal and external gases, and the air valve 23 is used for filling and discharging gas.

[0036] The radiation slot on the slot waveguide 4 is a slot 41 with a horn cavity, and the slot 41 with a horn cavity is composed of a rectangular wide slot 411 and a horn cavity 412, and the rectangular wide slot 411 and the horn cavity 412 have the same chamfer R1.

[0037] The slot 41 with the horn cavity is parallel to the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide 4, and the spacing between the slots 41 with the horn cavity is λ g / 2, where λ g is the waveguide wavelength of the slotted waveguide 4. The distance between the short-circuit plate of the slotted waveguide 4 and the center of the slot 41 with the horn cavity at the end is about λ g / 4, the gaps 41 between adjacent horn cavities should be located on both sides of the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide 4.

[0038] The radiation cavity 1 can be divided into a first radiation cavity 11 and a second radiation cavity 12 according to the center line, wherein the first radiation cavity 11 and the second radiation cavity 12 are in a translation relationship; in the respective regions of the first radiation cavity 11 and the second radiation cavity 12, adjacent slotted waveguides 4 are in a mirror relationship.

[0039] A feeding slot 42 is provided at the bottom of the slotted waveguide 4. The feeding slot 42 is a wide rectangular slot located at the center of the slotted waveguide 4 and passes through the feeding waveguide 2. The feeding slot 42 is perpendicular to the slot 41 with the horn cavity, and all feeding slots 42 have the same chamfer R2.

[0040] The feeding slot 42 on the feeding waveguide 2 deviates from the center line of the output section of the feeding waveguide 2 and is equidistant from the center line.

[0041] The distance of the feeding slot 42 is equal to the waveguide wavelength of the feeding waveguide 2 .

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Based on the above embodiment, the radiation cavity 1 is composed of 6 slotted waveguides 4, and the slotted waveguide 4 adopts the BJ48 standard waveguide.

[0044] The single slotted waveguide 4 is provided with eight slots 41 with horn cavities.

[0045] The gap 41 with a horn cavity is composed of a rectangular wide gap 411 and a horn cavity 412, wherein the gap length l of the rectangular wide gap 411 is slot =33.34mm, seam width w slot =12mm, the slot length l of the horn cavity 412 horn =37.34mm, seam width w horn =16mm, the height of the speaker cavity 412 is t horn =3mm, and the rectangular wide slot 411 and the horn cavity 412 have the same chamfer radius R1 =3mm.

[0046] The feeding slot 42 is a rectangular wide slot with a slot length of 33.34 mm, a slot width of 15 mm, a chamfer radius of 4 mm, and a distance of 5.2 mm from the center line of the output section of the feeding waveguide.

[0047] The radius r1 of the matching pin 21 is 1.5 mm, and the distance between the center of the matching pin 21 and the rear wall of the feeding waveguide is 25.2 mm.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a graph of the S11 parameter of an embodiment of the present invention in the C-band. At the center frequency S11 = -35dB, the matching characteristics are good.

[0049] Figure 7 This is the antenna radiation diagram in one embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna has the maximum gain in the normal direction, and the maximum gain is 23.71dB.

[0050] Figure 8 This is an electric field distribution diagram in an embodiment of the present invention. The maximum electric field strength of the antenna is 3111 V / m, and the power capacity in a vacuum is 328 MW.

[0051] As described above, the waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot proposed in the present invention can effectively reduce the maximum electric field strength inside the antenna and improve the power capacity of the antenna, while having the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy processing and low cost.

[0052] The above is a detailed introduction to a waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the structure and working principle of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot, characterized in that: It comprises a radiation cavity (1), a radome (3) and a feeding waveguide (2) respectively arranged above and below the radiation cavity (1), wherein the radiation cavity (1) is composed of a plurality of slotted waveguides (4); The slotted waveguide (4) is provided with a plurality of slots (41) with horn cavities, the slots (41) with horn cavities are parallel to the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide (4), and the spacing between the slots (41) with horn cavities is λ g / 2, where λ g is the waveguide wavelength of the slotted waveguide (4); the distance between the short-circuit plate of the slotted waveguide (4) and the center of the slot (41) with the horn cavity at the end is approximately λ g / 4, the gaps (41) between adjacent horn cavities are located on both sides of the center line of the wide side of the slotted waveguide (4).

2. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation cavity (1) is divided into a first radiation cavity (11) and a second radiation cavity (12) according to a center line O3O4, wherein the first radiation cavity (11) and the second radiation cavity (12) are in a translation relationship, and within respective regions of the first radiation cavity (11) and the second radiation cavity (12), adjacent slotted waveguides (4) are in a mirror relationship.

3. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit (41) with a horn cavity is composed of a rectangular wide slit (411) and a horn cavity (412), and the rectangular wide slit (411) and the horn cavity (412) have the same chamfer R1.

4. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radome (3) is hermetically connected to the radiation cavity (1), and the inner cavities of the radiation cavity (1) and the radome (3) are evacuated or filled with inert gas.

5. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding waveguide (2) is HT, wherein a matching pin (21), a dielectric window (22), and an air valve (23) are arranged in the feeding waveguide (2), wherein the dielectric window (22) is made of insulating material, and the air valve (23) is used for filling and releasing air.

6. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slotted waveguide (4) has a feeding slot (42) at the bottom. The feeding slot (42) is a wide rectangular slot, located on the center line O1O2 of the radiation cavity (1) and passing through the feeding waveguide (2). The feeding slot (42) is perpendicular to the slot (41) with the horn cavity, and all the feeding slots (42) have the same chamfer R2.

7. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding slots (42) on the feeding waveguide (2) deviate from the center line of the output section of the feeding waveguide (2), and the distances between each feeding slot (42) and the center line are equal.

8. The waveguide slot antenna with a horn cavity slot according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the feeding slots (42) is the waveguide wavelength of the feeding waveguide (2).

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