Fattening and spawning induction method for urchin crassispina before spawning induction

Abstract

According to the method for fattening and spawning induction before spawning induction, terrestrial cabbages are adopted as one of main bait components of the purple urchins, laver and mussels are combined, and according to parent characteristics of the purple urchins before spawning induction, the purple urchins are subjected to fattening and spawning induction, and the purple urchins are subjected to spawning induction. According to the method, a multi-recipe combined feeding method adopting baits of the brassica juncea in the fattening period is creatively designed, the design of the GSI index, the egg yolk protein content and the trypsin activity of the sea urchins is combined, the fattening condition and the breeding density in the fattening period are researched and set, and through fattening in the fattening period before spawning induction, the breeding density of the brassica juncea is increased; the method has the advantages that the gonad growth and development of the mature purple urchin in the mature period are obviously improved, the intestinal flora of the purple urchin is effectively improved, the immunity of the purple urchin before spawning induction is enhanced, the spawning rate is also greatly increased, the number and survival rate of fertilized eggs after spawning induction are obviously increased, the artificial reproduction cycle is shortened, and the culture cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of purple sea urchin breeding, and particularly relates to a method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchin. Background Art

[0002] Purple sea urchin ( Helicidaris crassispina ), belongs to the class Echinoides ( Echinodermata ) Archodonta ( Camarodonta ) Echinoidea Echinometridae It is a kind of aquaculture species. It is mainly distributed naturally in coastal areas such as Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong in my country. It is a warm water species. Its sexual reproduction has high nutritional value and is an extremely potential aquaculture species.

[0003] Purple sea urchins have important commercial value. Their reproductive glands are the only edible part of the sea urchins. They are rich in nutrients and contain a variety of essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and trace elements. In China, artificial breeding experiments and small-scale aquaculture of purple sea urchins have been carried out, and they are suitable for artificial aquaculture in the southeast coast of China.

[0004] Purple sea urchin is an omnivorous animal, and its main food source is seaweed, but it also eats other marine organisms, such as mussels, starfish, etc. The sources of purple sea urchin mainly include artificial breeding and natural sea fishing. Among them, artificial breeding technology often adopts Ulva and kelp to feed, but such a combined feeding method will make the diet of purple sea urchin single, which is not conducive to the fattening and development of gonads. At the same time, before induced labor, the gonadal dysplasia of artificially cultivated purple sea urchin will affect the output rate of sperm and eggs and the activity probability of sperm and eggs, and will also seriously affect the survival rate of sea urchin larvae after fertilization. In addition, the sources of Ulva and kelp used in artificial breeding in the prior art are mainly in the coastal areas of Shandong, and the breeding feed for purple sea urchins in Jiangsu and Zhejiang needs to be purchased from the coastal areas of Shandong, and the breeding cost is extremely high, which is not conducive to the large-scale development of artificial breeding of purple sea urchins in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an efficient method for promoting the growth and development of purple sea urchin gonads and improving the spawning rate, so as to increase the number and survival rate of fertilized eggs, shorten the artificial breeding cycle, and greatly reduce the cost of artificial breeding feed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for pre-partum fattening and inducing labor of purple sea urchins. The pre-partum fattening and inducing labor method of the present invention uses terrestrial cabbage as one of the main bait ingredients of purple sea urchins, combined with laver and mussels, and creatively designs a multi-recipe combined feeding method using cabbage bait during the fattening period according to the parental characteristics of the purple sea urchins before inducing labor, combined with the design of the sea urchin GSI index and trypsin activity, and the fattening conditions and breeding density during the fattening period are studied and set. After fattening during the pre-partum fattening period, the gonadal growth and development of mature purple sea urchins that have reached maturity are significantly improved, the intestinal flora of purple sea urchins is effectively improved, the immunity of purple sea urchins before inducing labor is enhanced, the spawning rate is also greatly improved, and the number and survival rate of fertilized eggs after inducing labor are significantly increased, the effect of shortening the artificial breeding cycle, and the breeding cost is reduced by 30-45%.

[0006] A method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1: Parent screening: Select healthy and undamaged purple sea urchins and place them in a breeding tank for temporary breeding; the purple sea urchins are female and male purple sea urchins, the female and male purple sea urchins are 1 to 3 years old, and the sea urchin GSI index is 3.00 to 5.00%; the diameter of the female purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 38 g; the diameter of the male purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.4 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 35 g; S2: Fattening period: feed fattening the female and male purple sea urchins temporarily raised in step S1; during the fattening period, the fattening conditions are: water temperature 24-26 ° C, dissolved oxygen greater than or equal to 6.0 mg / L, pH range of 7.5-8.0, and the breeding density is less than or equal to 30 purple sea urchins per 200 L of water; the fattening period is divided into four stages: recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and the fattening period adopts a multi-recipe combined feeding method; The multi-recipe combined feeding method is as follows: the first bait is fed in the recovery period, the first bait comprises cabbage and laver in a mass ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5; the second bait is fed in the growth period, the second bait comprises cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1-1.25:2-2.5:2-2.5; the third bait is fed in the pre-maturity period, the third bait comprises cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5:2-3; the water content of the cabbage is 91-95%, the water content of the laver is 85-90%, and the water content of the mussel is 90-92%; Starting from the fattening period, the recovery period is the first and second weeks, the growth period is the third to seventh weeks, the pre-maturity period is the eighth to twelfth week, and after the pre-maturity period ends, the maturation period lasts for 8 weeks, and finally a mature purple sea urchin is obtained; the mature purple sea urchin has a sea urchin GSI index of 10-14%, a yolk protein content of 420-532 mg / g, and a trypsin activity of 10000-18000 U / mgprot; S3: Inducing spawning: Inducing spawning of the mature purple sea urchin obtained in step S2 to obtain purple sea urchin sperm and eggs, which are then collected and screened.

[0007] Furthermore, in the pre-production fattening and production induction method of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, the GSI index of the purple sea urchins in the recovery period is 4.00-6.00%, the yolk protein content is 270-320 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 5000-8000 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchins in the growth period is 9.00-10.60%, the yolk protein content is 320-380 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 9500-12000 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period is 9.50-11.00%, the yolk protein content is 380-430 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 12000-12800 U / mgprot.

[0008] In the present invention, the trypsin activity of purple sea urchin in step S1 is lower than 5000 U / mgprot.

[0009] Furthermore, in the method for pre-production fattening and production induction of purple sea urchins of the present invention, the feeding rate of feed in each of the four stages of the fattening period is 2-3%; wherein the feeding frequency of feed in the recovery period is 2 times / day, and the feeding frequency of feed in the growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period is 3 times / day; Among them, feeding rate = total weight of bait fed each time / total weight of purple sea urchins during fattening period.

[0010] In the present invention, the water temperature of the fattening period should be in a warm water environment, so the water temperature range is 24-26° C. The pH range of 7.5-8.0 is the weak alkaline range of normal natural seawater, which is suitable for the growth of purple sea urchins; in the artificial breeding environment, the breeding water body is relatively closed relative to the ocean, so aeration is required to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the water. If the dissolved oxygen rate is too low, the survival rate of the purple sea urchin cannot be guaranteed.

[0011] In the present invention, cabbage is used as a terrestrial plant for artificial cultivation of purple sea urchin bait. It is necessary to conduct long-term research on the effect of cabbage on the growth and development process of purple sea urchin in order to explore a suitable breeding method. For technicians in this field, it is difficult to predict. After the unremitting efforts of the team of the present invention, cabbage-containing bait was successfully applied to the pre-partum fattening of purple sea urchins, which greatly solved the problem of high artificial breeding costs in the industry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. For example: 200 purple sea urchins were artificially cultivated, and kelp was used for continuous feeding during the pre-partum fattening period. The fattening period was completed in 12 weeks, and the required kelp cost was 5,600 yuan; while the pre-partum fattening period of the present invention was completed in 12 weeks, and the required bait cost was 3,200 yuan.

[0012] In the present invention, during the fattening period, the breeding density is: the number of purple sea urchins cultured in every 200 L of water is less than or equal to 30. Too high a breeding density means that more feed needs to be put in, and the increase in the organic matter content in the water body will lead to an increase in the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body, which is not conducive to sea urchin breeding and will also cause the direct death of sea urchins. In addition, too high a breeding density will also increase the shrinkage of the living space between sea urchins, which is not conducive to the physiological activities of sea urchins. Further, a more optimal breeding density range is that the number of purple sea urchins cultured in every 200 L of water is greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 30.

[0013] In the present invention, in the four stages of the fattening period, the feeding rate of the bait in each stage is 2-3%; for the breeding density of the present invention, when the feeding rate is less than 2%, it is not conducive to the growth of the purple sea urchin; when the feeding rate is greater than 3%, the feeding rate is too high, which will affect the living space of the purple sea urchin, and will cause waste, increase cost investment, and be not conducive to the development of the economic benefit model.

[0014] In the present invention, mussels are added to the feed in the growth period of the fattening period and in various periods after the growth period, and the nutritional synergy of cabbage, laver and mussels significantly improves the survival rate of purple sea urchins. In addition, the animal protein of mussels is a high-quality protein source in marine organisms, and the synergistic feeding with cabbage with high nutritional content is conducive to the richness and comprehensiveness of the nutritional intake of sea urchins, the synthesis of yolk protein by the sea urchin gonads, and the promotion of gonad growth, thereby achieving the purpose of fattening.

[0015] Furthermore, in the method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, during the fattening period, the total mass of bait consumed by each purple sea urchin per day is 12 to 18 g.

[0016] Furthermore, in the method for pre-spawning fattening and spawning of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, the temporary breeding density in step S1 is that the number of purple sea urchins cultured per 200 L of water is less than or equal to 30.

[0017] Furthermore, in the method for pre-spawning fattening and spawning of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, in the step S1, the temporary rearing conditions are: water temperature 23~25°C, water flow rate 2~2.3 L / min, dissolved oxygen 5.8~6.0 g / L.

[0018] Furthermore, in the method for pre-production fattening and production induction of purple sea urchins of the present invention, the first bait, the second bait and the third bait are cut baits, and the sizes of the cut pieces are 2×2 cm 2 ~2.2×2.2 cm 2 .

[0019] Furthermore, in the method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, the parturition induction process of step S3 is: inverting the purple sea urchin in a container and injecting a potassium chloride solution with a concentration of 2.6-3.5% into the body cavity of the mature purple sea urchin.

[0020] Furthermore, in the method for pre-production fattening and production induction of purple sea urchins described in the present invention, the recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period are respectively provided with a dark period, wherein the duration of the dark period is controlled to be 9-10 h / day.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: In the pre-partum fattening and labor induction method described in the present invention, in particular, terrestrial cabbage is used as one of the main bait components of the purple sea urchin, and laver and mussels are combined. According to the parental characteristics of the pre-partum purple sea urchin, a multi-recipe combined feeding method using cabbage as bait during the fattening period is creatively designed, combined with the design of the sea urchin GSI index and trypsin activity, and the fattening conditions and breeding density during the fattening period are studied and set. After fattening during the pre-partum fattening period, the gonad growth and development of mature purple sea urchins is significantly improved.

[0022] The pre-partum fattening and parturition induction method of the present invention effectively improves the intestinal flora of purple sea urchins, enhances the immunity of purple sea urchins before parturition induction, and greatly improves the spawning rate; and the sperm and eggs of purple sea urchins are collected and screened for artificial insemination, and the fertilization rate and hatching rate are significantly improved, further ensuring the breeding efficiency of purple sea urchins. Therefore, the present invention significantly increases the number and survival rate of fertilized eggs after parturition induction, shortens the artificial breeding cycle, and reduces the artificial breeding cost of purple sea urchins in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions by 30-45%.

[0023] At the same time, the raw materials used in the bait of the present invention are of stable source and complete in nutritional components, and the gonad index of the purple sea urchin can be increased in a relatively short period of time; the different nutritional components of the bait are adjusted according to different growth stages, and the nutrients are utilized to the maximum extent, which can not only effectively improve the intestinal flora of the purple sea urchin, but also the probiotics in the residual bait and feces can improve the water quality, greatly reduce the amount of water change during the fattening period of the purple sea urchin, and save resources and energy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described in detail. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If the specific conditions are not specified in the specific implementation methods, they shall be carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions provided by the manufacturer.

[0025] The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. The terms used in the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0026] A method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins of the present invention comprises the following steps: S1: Parent screening: Select healthy and undamaged purple sea urchins and place them in the culture tank for temporary breeding; the purple sea urchins are female and male purple sea urchins, the female and male purple sea urchins are 1 to 3 years old, and the sea urchin GSI index is 3.00-5.00%; the diameter of the female purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 38 g; the diameter of the male purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.4 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 35 g; S2: Fattening period: feed fattening the female and male purple sea urchins temporarily raised in step S1; during the above-mentioned fattening period, the fattening conditions are: water temperature 24~26 ℃, dissolved oxygen greater than or equal to 6.0 mg / L, pH range of 7.5~8.0, and the breeding density is less than or equal to 30 purple sea urchins per 200 L of water; the above-mentioned fattening period is divided into four stages: recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and the above-mentioned fattening period adopts a multi-recipe combined feeding method; The above-mentioned multi-recipe combined feeding method is as follows: feeding the first bait in the recovery period, the first bait includes cabbage and laver in a mass ratio of 1~1.5:1~1.5; feeding the second bait in the growth period, the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1~1.25:2~2.5:2~2.5; feeding the third bait in the pre-maturity period, the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1~1.5:1~1.5:2~3; in the first bait, the second bait and the third bait, the water content of the cabbage is 91~95%, the water content of the laver is 85~90%, and the water content of the mussel is 90~92%; Starting from the fattening period, the recovery period is the first and second weeks, the growth period is the third to seventh weeks, the pre-maturity period is the eighth to twelfth weeks, and after the pre-maturity period, the 8-week maturation period begins, and finally a mature purple sea urchin is obtained; the sea urchin GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 10-14%, the yolk protein content is 420-532 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 10000-18000 U / mgprot; S3: Inducing spawning: Inducing spawning of the mature purple sea urchin obtained in step S2 to obtain purple sea urchin sperm and eggs, which are then collected and screened.

[0027] The sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the above-mentioned recovery period is 4.00~6.00%, the yolk protein content is 270~320 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 5000~8000 U / mgprot; the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period is 9.00~10.60%, the yolk protein content is 320~380 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 9500~12000 U / mgprot; the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period is 9.50~11.00%, the yolk protein content is 380~430 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 12000~12800 U / mgprot.

[0028] In some embodiments, the trypsin activity of purple sea urchin in step S1 is less than 5000 U / mgprot.

[0029] In some embodiments, in the four stages of the fattening period, the feeding rate of the feed in each stage is 2-3%; wherein the feeding frequency of the feed in the recovery period is 2 times / day, and the feeding frequency of the feed in the growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period is 3 times / day; Among them, feeding rate = total weight of bait fed each time / total weight of purple sea urchins during fattening period.

[0030] In the present invention, cabbage is used as a terrestrial plant for artificial cultivation of purple sea urchin bait. Long-term research is needed on the effect of cabbage on the growth and development of purple sea urchins in order to explore a suitable cultivation method. It is difficult for technicians in this field to predict. After the unremitting efforts of the team of the present invention, cabbage-containing bait was successfully applied to the pre-production fattening of purple sea urchins, which greatly solved the problem of high artificial cultivation costs in the industry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions.

[0031] In some embodiments, during the fattening period, a more optimal stocking density range is that the number of purple sea urchins cultured per 200 L of water is greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 30.

[0032] In some embodiments, during the fattening period, the total mass of bait consumed by each purple sea urchin per day is 12 to 18 g.

[0033] In some embodiments, the temporary culture density in the above step S1 is that the number of purple sea urchins cultured per 200 L of water is less than or equal to 30.

[0034] In some embodiments, in the above step S1, the above temporary culture conditions are: water temperature 23~25°C, water flow rate 2~2.3 L / min, dissolved oxygen 5.8~6.0 g / L.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first bait, the second bait and the third bait are cut into pieces, and the size of the pieces is 2×2 cm 2 ~2.2×2.2 cm 2 .

[0036] In some embodiments, the inducing labor process of step S3 is: inverting the mature purple sea urchin in a container and injecting a potassium chloride solution with a concentration of 2.6-3.5% into the body cavity of the mature purple sea urchin.

[0037] In some embodiments, the recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period are respectively provided with a dark period, wherein the duration of the dark period is controlled to be 9-10 h / day.

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchin of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Parent screening: Select healthy and undamaged purple sea urchins and place them in the breeding tank for temporary breeding; The purple sea urchins were female and male purple sea urchins, the female and male purple sea urchins were 3 years old respectively, and the sea urchin GSI index was 3.94%; the diameter of the female purple sea urchin was greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, and the weight was greater than or equal to 38 g; the diameter of the male purple sea urchin was greater than or equal to 2.4 cm, and the weight was greater than or equal to 35 g; The temporary rearing conditions are: water temperature: 23 ℃, water flow rate: 2 L / min, culture tank size: 80 L, dissolved oxygen: 5.8 g / L, 6 female purple sea urchins and 6 male purple sea urchins were cultured.

[0041] S2: Fattening period: feed and fatten the 6 female purple sea urchins and 6 male purple sea urchins temporarily raised in step S1; the fattening period is divided into four stages: recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and a multi-recipe combined feeding method is adopted in the fattening period; The multi-recipe combined feeding method is as follows: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver at a mass ratio of 1:1.5; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels at a mass ratio of 1.25:2:2; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels at a mass ratio of 1.5:1:2; the third bait is fed during the maturity period; in the first bait, the second bait and the third bait, the water content of cabbage is 93%, the water content of laver is 85%, and the water content of mussels is 90%~92%; After the pre-maturation period, the urchins entered the 8-week maturation period, and finally obtained mature purple sea urchins; the sea urchin GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 11.76%, the yolk protein content was 470 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 14324 U / mgprot; During the fattening period, the fattening conditions were: water temperature 24 ℃, dissolved oxygen concentration 6.0 mg / L, and pH 8.0.

[0042] In the four stages of the fattening period, the feeding rate of bait in each stage is 2.0%; among them, the feeding frequency of bait in the recovery period is 2 times / day, and the feeding frequency of bait in the growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period is 3 times / day; among them, the feeding rate = the total weight of bait fed each time / the total weight of purple sea urchins in the fattening period.

[0043] The first bait, the second bait and the third bait are cut into pieces, and the size of the pieces is 2×2 cm respectively. 2 .

[0044] For the fattening period index monitoring of this Example 1, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 4.07%, the yolk protein content was 282 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 5631 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 9.33%, the yolk protein content was 324 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 9679 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 9.88%, the yolk protein content was 392 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12165 U / mgprot.

[0045] In addition, there are dark periods in the recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, respectively. The duration of the dark period in each stage is controlled to be 9 h / day, and the dark period is set from 22:00 to 7:00.

[0046] S3: Inducing spawning: Inducing spawning of the mature purple sea urchin obtained in step S2 to obtain purple sea urchin sperm and eggs, which are then collected and screened.

[0047] In this Example 1, the method for testing the activity of trypsin is as follows: prepare a trypsin solution of appropriate concentration, add a substrate solution (BSA) to the reaction system, incubate at 37°C for a certain period of time, monitor the degree of hydrolysis of the substrate by measuring the absorbance (at a wavelength of 280 nm or 595 nm), and obtain the value of the activity of trypsin based on the fact that the change in absorbance is proportional to the activity of the enzyme.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] The difference between this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.83%.

[0050] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1.5:1; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:2.5:2; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.5:1.5:2.5.

[0051] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins is 10.02%, the yolk protein content is 436 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 17450 U / mgprot.

[0052] For the fattening period index monitoring of this Example 2, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 4.22%, the yolk protein content was 302 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 5021 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 9.01%, the yolk protein content was 357 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 9512 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 9.54%, the yolk protein content was 399 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12033 U / mgprot.

[0053] Embodiment 3:

[0054] The difference between this embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 4.00%.

[0055] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1:1; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.25:2:2.5; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:1.5:3.

[0056] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 11.02%, the yolk protein content was 489 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12783 U / mgprot.

[0057] For the fattening period index monitoring of Example 3, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 4.78%, the yolk protein content was 311 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6322 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 9.70%, the yolk protein content was 368 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 10879 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 10.46%, the yolk protein content was 409 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12561 U / mgprot.

[0058] Embodiment 4:

[0059] The difference between this embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.36%.

[0060] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1.2:1; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.15:2.2:2.4; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.2:1.3:2.8.

[0061] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 10.98%, the yolk protein content was 502 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12324 U / mgprot.

[0062] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 4, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.61%, the yolk protein content was 302 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6129 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.54%, the yolk protein content was 369 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 10801 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.37%, the yolk protein content was 411 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12003 U / mgprot.

[0063] Embodiment 5:

[0064] The difference between this embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 4.93%.

[0065] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1.2:1.5; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:2.5:2.5; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:1.3:2.

[0066] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 13.51%, the yolk protein content was 433 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 17569 U / mgprot.

[0067] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 5, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.98%, the yolk protein content was 288 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6567 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.94%, the yolk protein content was 336 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 11301 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.87%, the yolk protein content was 402 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 17003 U / mgprot.

[0068] Embodiment 6:

[0069] The difference between this embodiment 6 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 4.36%.

[0070] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1.15:1.45; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.5:2.25:2.25; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.5:1.3:1.7.

[0071] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 11.03%, the yolk protein content was 430 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 15208 U / mgprot.

[0072] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 6, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.76%, the yolk protein content was 274 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6759 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.49%, the yolk protein content was 329 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 11251 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.57%, the yolk protein content was 396 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 14326 U / mgprot.

[0073] Embodiment 7:

[0074] The difference between this embodiment 7 and embodiment 1 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.77%.

[0075] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1:1.35; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:2.1:2.3; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.4:1.5:1.6.

[0076] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 10.57%, the yolk protein content was 459 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12119 U / mgprot.

[0077] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 7, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.07%, the yolk protein content was 300 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6562 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.03%, the yolk protein content was 361 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 11028 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.28%, the yolk protein content was 408 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12002 U / mgprot.

[0078] Embodiment 8:

[0079] The difference between this embodiment 8 and embodiment 1 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 4.21%.

[0080] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1:1.25; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:2.1:2.4; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.2:1.4:1.6.

[0081] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 11.18%, the yolk protein content was 500 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12566 U / mgprot.

[0082] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 8, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.33%, the yolk protein content was 293 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6477 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.71%, the yolk protein content was 331 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 11317 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.87%, the yolk protein content was 399 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12497U / mgprot.

[0083] Embodiment 9:

[0084] The difference between this embodiment 9 and embodiment 1 is that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 4.61%.

[0085] In step S2, the multi-recipe combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver with a mass ratio of 1:1.2; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1:2.5:2.1; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels with a mass ratio of 1.2:1.5:1.8, and the water content of the mussels is 90%.

[0086] The GSI index of mature purple sea urchins was 11.32%, the yolk protein content was 480 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 16255 U / mgprot.

[0087] For the fattening period index monitoring of this implementation 9, the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the recovery period was 4.55%, the yolk protein content was 302 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6327 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the growth period was 9.50%, the yolk protein content was 359 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 11281 U / mgprot; the GSI index of purple sea urchins in the pre-maturity period was 10.77%, the yolk protein content was 401 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 12369 U / mgprot.

[0088] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.20%.

[0089] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, mussels are fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and mussels are also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the urchin GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 4.39%, the yolk protein content is 331 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 10233 U / mgprot.

[0090] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 1, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.29%, the yolk protein content was 276 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 4326 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 4.08%, the yolk protein content was 293 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6233 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 4.12%, the yolk protein content was 317 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 8749 U / mgprot.

[0091] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example 2 and embodiment 2 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.16%.

[0092] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, kelp is fed from the first to the twelfth week, and kelp is also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the mature purple sea urchin has a GSI index of 3.83%, a yolk protein content of 325 mg / g, and a trypsin activity of 9127 U / mgprot.

[0093] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 2, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.21%, the yolk protein content was 274 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 3491 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.52%, the yolk protein content was 289 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 5542 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.62%, the yolk protein content was 308 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 8130 U / mgprot.

[0094] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example 3 and embodiment 3 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.12%.

[0095] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, mussels are fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and mussels are also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the mature purple sea urchin has a GSI index of 3.65%, a yolk protein content of 340 mg / g, and a trypsin activity of 9752 U / mgprot.

[0096] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 2, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.16%, the yolk protein content was 283 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 3928 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.56%, the yolk protein content was 305 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6791 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.58%, the yolk protein content was 329 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 8233 U / mgprot.

[0097] Comparative Example 4: The difference between this comparative example 4 and example 1 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.28%.

[0098] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, cabbage is fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and cabbage is also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 3.62%, the yolk protein content is 331 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 7256 U / mgprot.

[0099] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 4, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.31%, the yolk protein content was 276 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 3765 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.53%, the yolk protein content was 294 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 5542 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.59%, the yolk protein content was 307 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6591 U / mgprot.

[0100] Comparative Example 5: The difference between this comparative example 5 and example 1 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.19%.

[0101] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, cabbage is fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and cabbage is also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 3.59%, the yolk protein content is 328 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 7604 U / mgprot.

[0102] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 5, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.23%, the yolk protein content was 282 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 4109 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.49%, the yolk protein content was 299 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6214 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.55%, the yolk protein content was 322 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 6988 U / mgprot.

[0103] Comparative Example 6: The difference between this comparative example 6 and example 9 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.35%.

[0104] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, mussels are fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and mussels are also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the urchin GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 3.71%, the yolk protein content is 357 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 10928 U / mgprot.

[0105] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 6, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.36%, the yolk protein content was 288 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 4635 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.59%, the yolk protein content was 306 mg / g, and the yolk protein content was 8349 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.66%, the yolk protein content was 331 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 9051 U / mgprot.

[0106] Comparative Example 7: The difference between this comparative example 7 and example 9 is only that: In step S1, the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin is 3.39%.

[0107] In step S2, the multi-diet combined feeding method is: starting from the fattening period, mussels are fed from the first to the twelfth week respectively, and mussels are also fed during the maturity period. Finally, the urchin GSI index of the mature purple sea urchin is 3.86%, the yolk protein content is 362 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 10928 U / mgprot.

[0108] For the fattening period index monitoring of this comparative example 7, the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period was 3.42%, the yolk protein content was 281 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 4635 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period was 3.62%, the yolk protein content was 309 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 8349 U / mgprot; the GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period was 3.78%, the yolk protein content was 344 mg / g, and the trypsin activity was 9051 U / mgprot.

[0109] Comparative Example 8: The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchin in comparative example 8 comprises the following steps: S1: Parent screening: Select healthy and undamaged purple sea urchins and place them in the breeding tank for temporary breeding; The purple sea urchins were female and male purple sea urchins, the female and male purple sea urchins were 3 years old, and the sea urchin GSI index was 3.2%; the diameter of the female purple sea urchin was greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, and the weight was greater than or equal to 60 g; the diameter of the male purple sea urchin was greater than or equal to 2.4 cm, and the weight was greater than or equal to 50 g; The temporary rearing conditions are: water temperature: 23 ℃, water flow rate: 2 L / min, culture tank size: 80 L, dissolved oxygen: 5.8 g / L, and 10 female purple sea urchins and 4 male purple sea urchins are cultured.

[0110] S2: Fattening period: feed and fatten the 10 female purple sea urchins and 4 male purple sea urchins temporarily raised in step S1; the fattening period is divided into four stages: recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and a multi-recipe combined feeding method is adopted in the fattening period; The multi-recipe combined feeding method is as follows: starting from the fattening period, the first bait is fed during the recovery period of the first and second weeks, and the first bait includes cabbage and laver at a mass ratio of 1:1.5; the second bait is fed during the growth period of the third to seventh weeks, and the second bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels at a mass ratio of 1.25:2:2; the third bait is fed during the pre-maturity period of the eighth to twelfth weeks, and the third bait includes cabbage, laver and mussels at a mass ratio of 1.5:1:2, and the third bait is fed during the maturity period. In the first bait, the second bait and the third bait, the water content of cabbage is 93%, and the water content of laver is 85%; During the fattening period, the fattening conditions were: water temperature 24 ℃, dissolved oxygen 4.5 mg / L, and pH 8.0.

[0111] In the four stages of fattening, the feeding rate of feed in each stage is 2.0%; the feeding frequency of feed in the recovery period is 2 times / day, and the feeding frequency of feed in the growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period is 3 times / day; the first feed, the second feed and the third feed are cut feed, and the size of the cut pieces is 2×2 cm 2 .

[0112] In addition, there are dark periods in the recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and the duration of the dark period in each stage is controlled to be 9 h / day.

[0113] S3: Inducing spawning: Inducing spawning of the mature purple sea urchin obtained in step S2 to obtain purple sea urchin sperm and eggs, which are then collected and screened.

[0114] The survival rate of the purple sea urchin in this comparative example 8 was 62.50%. The results of this comparative example show that during the fattening period, when the number of purple sea urchins cultured in 200 L of water was greater than 30, the survival rate of the purple sea urchins was ultimately affected.

[0115] Based on the above embodiments and comparative examples, the following Table 1 shows the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchins in Examples 1-9, Table 2 shows the sea urchin GSI values ​​of the purple sea urchins in Comparative Examples 1-7, Table 3 shows the average body weight (wet weight, g) and survival rate of the purple sea urchins in Examples 1-9, and Table 4 shows the average body weight (wet weight, g) of the purple sea urchins in Comparative Examples 1-7.

[0116] Among them, the full name of GSI is Gonadosomatic Index, which means gonad index or gonad reproductive gland index in Chinese.

[0117] Sea urchin GSI index = sea urchin gonad weight / total sea urchin weight, Net GSI increase = GSI of mature purple sea urchin - initial GSI of mature purple sea urchin, Net weight gain = mature purple sea urchin weight - initial weight, Net increase in body length = mature purple sea urchin body length - initial body length, Net increase in height = height of mature purple sea urchin - initial height, In this specification, the survival rate and survival rate mentioned have the same meaning.

[0118] From the comparison of the data results of the sea urchin GSI index shown in Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that in the pre-partum fattening and parturition method of the present invention, the gonadal growth and development of mature purple sea urchins are significantly improved, and the net increase of GSI in Examples 1-9 is respectively above 6.00%, and the sea urchin GSI index of mature purple sea urchins is above 10%. At the same time, compared with Comparative Examples 1-7, the net increase of GSI in Ratios 1-7 is respectively below 1.2%, and the sea urchin GSI index of mature purple sea urchins is below 4.5%. The sea urchin GSI index of mature purple sea urchins is not much different from the initial index, and then the sperm and egg discharge of mature purple sea urchins is extremely low. From the comparison of the data results of the sea urchin GSI index shown in Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that in terms of net increase in weight, net increase in body length, net increase in body height and survival rate, the mature purple sea urchins cultured by the method of the present invention have obvious advantages in net increase in body height and survival rate.

[0119] Table 1 Sea urchin GSI index of purple sea urchin in Examples 1-9

[0120] Table 2 Sea urchin GSI index of purple sea urchins of comparative examples 1-7

[0121] Table 3 Average body weight (wet weight, g) and survival rate of purple sea urchins in Examples 1-9

[0122] Table 4 Average weight of purple sea urchins in comparative examples 1-7 (wet weight, g)

[0123] The present invention is described by the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and equivalent substitutions can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. The parts not described in detail in the present specification are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art. In addition, various modifications can be made to the present invention for specific situations or specific circumstances without departing from the scope of this new use. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiments, but should include all implementation methods falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Parent screening: Select healthy and undamaged purple sea urchins and place them in a breeding tank for temporary breeding; the purple sea urchins are female and male purple sea urchins, the female and male purple sea urchins are 1 to 3 years old, and the sea urchin GSI index is 3.00 to 5.00%; the diameter of the female purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 38 g; the diameter of the male purple sea urchin is greater than or equal to 2.4 cm, and the weight is greater than or equal to 35 g; S2: Fattening period: feed fattening the female and male purple sea urchins temporarily raised in step S1; during the fattening period, the fattening conditions are: water temperature 24-26 ° C, dissolved oxygen greater than or equal to 6.0 mg / L, pH range of 7.5-8.0, and the breeding density is less than or equal to 30 purple sea urchins per 200L of water; the fattening period is divided into four stages: recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period, and the fattening period adopts a multi-recipe combined feeding method; The multi-recipe combined feeding method is as follows: the first bait is fed in the recovery period, the first bait comprises cabbage and laver in a mass ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5; the second bait is fed in the growth period, the second bait comprises cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1-1.25:2-2.5:2-2.5; the third bait is fed in the pre-maturity period, the third bait comprises cabbage, laver and mussel in a mass ratio of 1-1.5:1-1.5:2-3; the water content of the cabbage is 91-95%, the water content of the laver is 85-90%, and the water content of the mussel is 90-92%; Starting from the fattening period, the recovery period is the first and second weeks, the growth period is the third to seventh weeks, the pre-maturity period is the eighth to twelfth week, and after the pre-maturity period ends, the maturation period lasts for 8 weeks, and finally a mature purple sea urchin is obtained; the mature purple sea urchin has a sea urchin GSI index of 10-14%, a yolk protein content of 420-532 mg / g, and a trypsin activity of 10000-18000 U / mgprot; S3: Inducing spawning: Inducing spawning of the mature purple sea urchin obtained in step S2 to obtain purple sea urchin sperm and eggs, which are then collected and screened.

2. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the recovery period is 4.00-6.00%, the yolk protein content is 270-320 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 5000-8000 U / mgprot; the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the growth period is 9.00-10.60%, the yolk protein content is 320-380 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 9500-12000 U / mgprot; the sea urchin GSI index of the purple sea urchin in the pre-maturity period is 9.50-11.00%, the yolk protein content is 380-430 mg / g, and the trypsin activity is 12000-12800 U / mgprot.

3. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the four stages of the fattening period, the feeding rate of the feed in each stage is 2% to 3%; wherein the feeding frequency of the feed in the recovery period is 2 times / day, and the feeding frequency of the feed in the growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period is 3 times / day; Among them, feeding rate = total weight of bait fed each time / total weight of purple sea urchins during fattening period.

4. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the fattening period, the total weight of bait consumed by each purple sea urchin per day was 12 to 18 g.

5. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temporary breeding density in step S1 is that the number of purple sea urchins cultured in every 200 L of water is less than or equal to 30.

6. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the temporary culture conditions are: water temperature 23-25°C, water flow rate 2-2.3 L / min, dissolved oxygen 5.8-6.0 g / L.

7. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first bait, the second bait and the third bait are cut into pieces, and the size of the pieces is 2×2 cm. 2 ~2.2×2.2 cm 2 .

8. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inducing spawning process of step S3 is: inverting the mature purple sea urchin in a container and injecting a potassium chloride solution with a concentration of 2.6-3.5% into the body cavity of the mature purple sea urchin.

9. The method for pre-partum fattening and parturition induction of purple sea urchins according to claim 8, characterized in that: The recovery period, growth period, pre-maturity period and maturity period are respectively provided with a dark period, wherein the duration of the dark period is controlled to be 9-10 h / day.

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