VPSA hydrogen production device control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a VPSA hydrogen production device control method and system, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production machines.The method comprises the steps that methyl alcohol is fed into a cracking device and cracked through a catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is fed into a VPSA decarburization device, and the decarburized hydrogen-rich gas is output; introducing into an adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, performing pulse back flushing on an adsorption bed II by using the high-purity hydrogen, and starting a microwave generator and a vacuum pump to perform desorption; after the adsorption bed II completes desorption, switching the direction of the adsorption bed, and performing the same desorption operation on the adsorption bed I to complete regeneration of the adsorption bed I; acquiring equipment operation data in real time by using a sensor, and dynamically adjusting set data; the adsorption bed I and the adsorption bed II alternately operate, and the operation mode is adjusted in real time. By introducing a comprehensive real-time monitoring and dynamic adjusting mechanism and accurately controlling the alternate operation state of the adsorption bed I and the adsorption bed II, efficient regeneration of the adsorption beds and continuous and stable high-purity hydrogen output are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen generators, and in particular to a VPSA hydrogen generator control method and system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) technology has been widely used and developed in the field of hydrogen production. This technology separates high-purity hydrogen from mixed gases at room temperature or low temperature through physical adsorption and desorption processes, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, and easy operation. However, traditional VPSA hydrogen production devices have several shortcomings, especially in terms of dynamic control and degree of automation. Existing technologies often rely on fixed parameter settings, and it is difficult to flexibly adjust operating parameters according to real-time operating conditions, resulting in low adsorbent utilization, high energy consumption, and insufficient stability of hydrogen purity and output during the production process. In addition, traditional VPSA equipment lacks effective monitoring and optimization of the adsorption bed regeneration process, which not only affects the working life of the adsorption bed, but also limits continuity and reliability. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a VPSA hydrogen production device control method to solve the problems of inaccurate control of the adsorption bed regeneration process and inability to optimize the operating parameters in real time in the existing VPSA hydrogen production device.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a VPSA hydrogen production device control method, which includes: feeding methanol into a cracking device, cracking the methanol through a catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, passing the hydrogen-rich gas into a VPSA decarbonization device, and outputting the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas;

[0007] The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is passed into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then the high-purity hydrogen is used to pulse backflush the adsorption bed II, and the microwave generator and vacuum pump are started for desorption;

[0008] After the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the direction of the adsorption bed is switched, and the same desorption operation is performed on adsorption bed I to complete the regeneration of adsorption bed I;

[0009] Use sensors to collect equipment operation data in real time, and dynamically adjust adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data;

[0010] Adsorption beds Ⅰ and Ⅱ operate alternately, and the operating status of each device is dynamically monitored and the operating mode is adjusted in real time.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, the main components of the hydrogen-rich gas include hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane;

[0012] The sensors include a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a gas purity sensor.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, methanol is fed into a cracking device, cracked by a catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is fed into a VPSA decarbonization device, and the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is output, comprising the following steps:

[0014] The methanol is fed into the evaporator of the cracking unit at a constant flow rate through a metering pump;

[0015] The vaporized methanol mixed gas enters the cracking reactor and undergoes cracking reaction over a copper-based catalyst;

[0016] After the cracking reaction is completed, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained and cooled through a heat exchanger;

[0017] The hydrogen-rich gas is uniformly transported to the VPSA decarbonization unit, and selectively adsorbs CO2 and part of CO through the molecular sieve adsorbent of adsorption bed I. When the adsorbent of adsorption bed I is saturated, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, and the desorption stage is started. The desorbed impurity gas is discharged through the vacuum pump, and part of the gas is returned to the cracking unit as fuel gas through the compressor, and the remaining part is discharged to obtain the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is introduced into the adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then the adsorption bed II is pulse-backblown with the high-purity hydrogen, and the microwave generator and the vacuum pump are started for desorption, which includes the following steps:

[0019] The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is passed into the adsorption bed I, the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed I is opened, and the air compressor is started to provide the pressure required for adsorption. The molecular sieve and activated carbon adsorbent in the adsorption bed I selectively adsorb impurities in the gas, and only high-purity hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank through the product gas outlet;

[0020] When the adsorbent in adsorption bed I is saturated, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, and at the same time, the backflush valve of adsorption bed II is opened, and a portion of high-purity hydrogen is used to pulse backflush adsorption bed II, and high-frequency air flow pulses are used to strip impurity gases on the surface of the adsorbent and discharge them into the exhaust pipeline;

[0021] After pulse backflush is completed, the backflush valve of adsorption bed II is closed, and the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is heated by microwave heating technology, while the impurities are desorbed by a vacuum pump.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the direction of the adsorption bed is switched, and the same desorption operation is performed on adsorption bed I to complete the regeneration of adsorption bed I, including the following steps:

[0023] After the adsorption bed II has completed desorption, the vacuum valve and microwave device of the adsorption bed II are closed, and the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed II is opened;

[0024] At the same time, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, the backflush valve and vacuum valve of adsorption bed I are opened, and the same pulse backflush and microwave-assisted desorption operations as those of adsorption bed II are performed on adsorption bed I.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, the following steps are included: using sensors to collect equipment operation data in real time, and dynamically adjusting the adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data.

[0026] Use pressure sensors, temperature sensors, gas purity sensors and flow sensors to collect equipment operation data including pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow in real time;

[0027] Set the normal range of pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow rate, and compare the collected equipment operation data with the normal range. If it exceeds the normal range, an alarm will be automatically triggered and corresponding adjustment measures will be taken;

[0028] Dynamically adjust the adsorption time, expressed as,

[0029]

[0030] Where t represents the adsorption time, t min represents the minimum adsorption time, k1 represents the pressure adjustment coefficient, P max represents the maximum allowable pressure of the adsorption bed, P represents the adsorption pressure monitored in real time, k2 represents the purity adjustment coefficient, A represents the hydrogen purity monitored in real time, and B represents the target hydrogen purity;

[0031] Dynamically adjust the number of pulses, expressed as,

[0032]

[0033] Where, f represents the number of pulses, f max represents the maximum number of pulses, k3 represents the back-blowing frequency adjustment coefficient, F represents the target CO2 concentration, and E represents the real-time monitored back-blowing gas CO2 concentration;

[0034] Dynamically adjust the microwave power, expressed as,

[0035]

[0036] Where, C represents microwave power, C min represents the minimum microwave power, k5 represents the temperature difference adjustment coefficient, H represents the adsorbent target temperature, T represents the adsorbent temperature monitored in real time, k6 represents the temperature rise rate adjustment coefficient, dT represents the temperature change, and dt represents the time change;

[0037] Dynamically adjust the vacuum pump vacuum pressure, expressed as,

[0038]

[0039] Where D represents vacuum pressure, D max represents the maximum vacuum pressure, k7 represents the vacuum pressure adjustment coefficient, N represents the real-time monitored desorption gas CO2 concentration, and M represents the target CO2 concentration.

[0040] As a preferred solution of the control method of the VPSA hydrogen production device of the present invention, wherein: adsorption beds I and II are operated alternately, and the operating status of each device is dynamically monitored and the operating mode is adjusted in real time, including the following steps:

[0041] When the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is saturated, switch back to adsorption bed I to maintain continuous production;

[0042] Before and after each switch, check the status of all devices and dynamically adjust various parameters according to actual operating conditions;

[0043] During the whole process, feedback information from various sensors is continuously received to dynamically adjust the operation mode and optimize the operating parameters;

[0044] If encountering special circumstances, adjust the operating mode to maintain normal operation of other parts.

[0045] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a VPSA hydrogen production device control system, including a hydrogen-rich gas generation module, which is responsible for feeding methanol into a cracking device, generating hydrogen-rich gas through catalyst cracking, passing the hydrogen-rich gas into a VPSA decarbonization device, and outputting the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas;

[0046] The initial purification module is responsible for passing the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then using the high-purity hydrogen to pulse backwash the adsorption bed II, and starting the microwave generator and vacuum pump for desorption;

[0047] The high-purity hydrogen production and adsorption bed management module is responsible for switching the direction of the adsorption bed after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, performing the same desorption operation on adsorption bed I, and completing the regeneration of adsorption bed I;

[0048] The dynamic parameter adjustment module is responsible for collecting equipment operation data in real time using sensors, and dynamically adjusting the adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data;

[0049] The optimization control module is responsible for the alternating operation of adsorption beds I and II, dynamically monitoring the operating status of each device and adjusting the operating mode in real time.

[0050] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a comprehensive real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanism is introduced, and efficient regeneration of the adsorption bed and continuous and stable high-purity hydrogen output are achieved through precise control of the alternating operating states of adsorption beds I and II. First, by using various types of sensors (such as pressure, temperature, flow and gas purity sensors), key data of equipment operation can be obtained in real time to ensure that the operation of each link is carried out within the optimal range. Secondly, by establishing dynamic adjustment formulas for adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure, these key parameters can be automatically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data, thereby increasing the service life of the adsorbent and reducing unnecessary energy waste. Finally, the present invention also has a strong fault response capability, and can quickly adjust the operating mode when encountering abnormal situations, ensuring the continuity and stability of the equipment, and providing reliable technical support for industrial-scale high-purity hydrogen production. This method not only enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the VPSA hydrogen production device, but also greatly improves the economy and environmental protection of hydrogen production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method in Example 1.

[0055] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the control system of the VPSA hydrogen production device in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0059] Example 1, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a VPSA hydrogen production device control method, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1, sending methanol into a cracking device, cracking it through a catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, passing the hydrogen-rich gas into a VPSA decarbonization device, and outputting the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas, including the following steps:

[0061] The main components of hydrogen-rich gas include hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and a small amount of methane (CH4);

[0062] Sensors include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors and gas purity sensors.

[0063] The methanol is fed into the evaporator of the cracking unit at a constant flow rate through a metering pump, and the evaporation temperature is controlled at 120-150°C to ensure that the methanol is completely vaporized;

[0064] It should be noted that an appropriate amount of water vapor (the molar ratio of steam to methanol is controlled at 1.0-1.5:1) is introduced together with the methanol gas to promote the cracking reaction;

[0065] The vaporized methanol mixed gas enters the cracking reactor and undergoes cracking reaction at 300-450°C over a copper-based catalyst;

[0066] The cleavage reaction mainly occurs as follows:

[0067] CH3OH→CO+2H2;

[0068] CO+H2O→CO2+H2;

[0069] After the cracking reaction is completed, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained and cooled to 50-70°C through a heat exchanger to reduce the thermal shock of the gas to the adsorbent when it enters the VPSA unit;

[0070] The hydrogen-rich gas is uniformly transported to the VPSA decarbonization device, and CO2 and part of CO are selectively adsorbed through the molecular sieve adsorbent of adsorption bed I. The adsorption pressure is controlled at 0.1-0.3MPa, and the adsorption time is dynamically adjusted according to real-time monitoring of the pressure sensor and the gas purity sensor. When the adsorbent of adsorption bed I is saturated, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, and the desorption stage is started. The desorbed impurity gases (CO2, CO) are discharged through the vacuum pump, and part of the gas is returned to the cracking device as fuel gas through the compressor, and the remaining part is discharged to obtain the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas.

[0071] It should be noted that by cracking methanol to generate hydrogen-rich gas and performing preliminary decarbonization, effective processing of raw materials and preliminary purification of hydrogen-rich gas are achieved. Not only does it improve the cracking efficiency, but it also ensures that the adsorbent in the subsequent VPSA decarbonization process will not be damaged by high temperature. By precisely controlling the ratio of water vapor to methanol, the cracking reaction is promoted, thereby improving the quality and output of hydrogen-rich gas. In addition, the selective adsorption of the VPSA decarbonization unit further purifies the hydrogen-rich gas, laying the foundation for the subsequent production of high-purity hydrogen.

[0072] S2, passing the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, then using the high-purity hydrogen to pulse backflush the adsorption bed II, and starting the microwave generator and vacuum pump for desorption, including the following steps,

[0073] The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is passed into the adsorption bed I, the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed I is opened, and the air compressor is started to provide the pressure required for adsorption. The molecular sieve and activated carbon adsorbent in the adsorption bed I selectively adsorb impurities such as CO, CH4, N2, etc. in the gas, and only high-purity hydrogen (≥99.9%) enters the hydrogen storage tank through the product gas outlet;

[0074] When the adsorbent in adsorption bed I is saturated, close the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I, and at the same time, open the backflush valve of adsorption bed II, use a part of high-purity hydrogen to perform pulse backflush on adsorption bed II, and use high-frequency airflow pulses to strip impurity gases (such as CO2, N2, etc.) on the surface of the adsorbent and discharge them into the exhaust pipeline;

[0075] It should be noted that the backflush parameters can be set as follows:

[0076] Pulse times: 5-8 times;

[0077] Interval time: 0.4-0.6 seconds;

[0078] Duration of each pulse: 1.1-1.5 seconds;

[0079] After pulse backflush is completed, the backflush valve of adsorption bed II is closed, and the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is quickly heated by microwave heating technology, while the impurities are desorbed by a vacuum pump;

[0080] It should be noted that the microwave generator is started, and the microwave power is set according to the type of adsorbent and the desorption requirements. The microwave radiation directly acts on the adsorbent particles, and the temperature of the adsorbent is increased through rapid local heating. At the same time, the vacuum pump is started to evacuate the adsorption bed II, and the desorbed impurity gas is discharged or recovered through the exhaust pipe to ensure that environmental protection standards are met. The microwave power is set to 500-1000W and adjusted according to the specific requirements of the adsorbent. The adsorbent particles are quickly heated to increase their temperature to 70-100°C to accelerate the desorption of the impurity gas. The vacuum pump is evacuated to -0.07~-0.09MPa to completely desorb the residual CO2, N2 and other impurities in the adsorbent.

[0081] It should be noted that by passing the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas into adsorption bed I, high-purity hydrogen production is achieved, and high-purity hydrogen is used to perform pulse backflushing and microwave-assisted desorption on adsorption bed II, ensuring efficient regeneration of the adsorption bed. This design significantly improves the purity and yield of hydrogen, while also extending the service life of the adsorbent. The application of microwave heating technology achieves rapid local heating, reduces energy consumption and shortens desorption time. The combination of pulse backflushing and vacuum suction ensures thorough desorption and avoids residual impurities affecting the next round of adsorption.

[0082] S3, after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the direction of the adsorption bed is switched, and the same desorption operation is performed on adsorption bed I to complete the regeneration of adsorption bed I, including the following steps:

[0083] After the adsorption bed II has completed desorption, the vacuum valve and microwave device of the adsorption bed II are closed, and the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed II is opened to put the adsorption bed II into an adsorption state;

[0084] At the same time, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, the backflush valve and vacuum valve of adsorption bed I are opened, and the same pulse backflush and microwave-assisted desorption operations as those of adsorption bed II are performed on adsorption bed I.

[0085] It should be noted that by switching the direction of the adsorption bed after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the regeneration of adsorption bed I is achieved, ensuring the alternating operation of the two adsorption beds and maintaining continuous production. It ensures that the adsorption beds can continue to work alternately, maintaining the continuity and stability of production. By dynamically monitoring and adjusting the status of each device, the operating parameters of the adsorption bed are optimized, and it can operate at the best performance state, improving the overall efficiency.

[0086] S4, using sensors to collect equipment operation data in real time, and dynamically adjusting adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump vacuum pressure according to the equipment operation data, including the following steps,

[0087] Use pressure sensors, temperature sensors, gas purity sensors and flow sensors to collect equipment operation data including pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow in real time;

[0088] Furthermore, pressure sensors are arranged at the air inlet end of the adsorption bed, the back-blowing gas line and the vacuum pump pipeline to monitor the air inlet pressure, back-blowing gas pressure and vacuum pressure of the adsorption bed in real time during the desorption process, ensuring that the operating pressure is within the set range, including adsorption pressure: 0.1-0.3MPa and vacuum pressure: -0.07~-0.09MPa. Temperature sensors are arranged in the adsorption bed and the microwave heating unit to monitor the adsorbent temperature in real time to ensure that the temperature is controlled within the set range (70-100°C) during microwave heating to prevent overheating damage or insufficient heating of the adsorbent. Gas purity sensors are arranged at the adsorption bed outlet and the product gas pipeline to monitor the purity of high-purity hydrogen (≥99.9%) and the concentration of impurity gases during the desorption process (such as CO2 content reduced to the target value <1%). Flow sensors are arranged at the product gas outlet and the back-blowing gas line to monitor the flow of high-purity hydrogen to ensure that the back-blowing gas usage is reasonable and not wasted.

[0089] Set the normal range of pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow rate, and compare the collected equipment operation data with the normal range. If it exceeds the normal range, an alarm will be automatically triggered and corresponding adjustment measures will be taken;

[0090] It should be noted that the normal range can be defined as:

[0091] Adsorption pressure: set to 0.1-0.3MPa;

[0092] Vacuum pressure: set to -0.07 to -0.09 MPa (absolute value);

[0093] Adsorbent temperature: set to 70-100°C;

[0094] High purity hydrogen purity: set to ≥99.9%;

[0095] CO2 concentration: set to target value <1%;

[0096] When any parameter exceeds the normal range, an alarm signal is automatically issued to remind the operator to pay attention to the abnormal situation. According to the specific parameters that exceed the range, the corresponding adjustment measures are automatically implemented to restore normal operating conditions. For example, if the adsorption pressure is too high or too low, the adsorption time is dynamically adjusted; if the adsorbent temperature does not meet the standard, the microwave power is adjusted; if the CO2 concentration exceeds the standard, the pulse backflush frequency is increased or the vacuum suction intensity is enhanced.

[0097] Furthermore, when the adsorption pressure is abnormal, the formula for dynamically adjusting the adsorption time is used to dynamically shorten the adsorption time and reduce the adsorption pressure until it returns to the normal range. At the same time, check whether the air inlet valve is faulty and take necessary maintenance measures; when the adsorbent temperature is abnormal, the formula for dynamically adjusting the microwave power is used to adjust the microwave power, reduce the temperature rise rate, and prevent the adsorbent from overheating and damage. If the temperature continues to rise, suspend microwave heating and check whether the heating unit is faulty; when the purity of high-purity hydrogen is abnormal, the formula for dynamically adjusting the adsorption time and the formula for dynamically adjusting the pulse backwash frequency are used to dynamically extend the adsorption time and increase the pulse backwash frequency to improve the purity of hydrogen. At the same time, check whether the molecular sieve and activated carbon adsorbent in the adsorption bed need to be replaced or regenerated; when the vacuum pressure is abnormal, the formula for dynamically adjusting the vacuum pump vacuum pressure is used to increase the vacuum pump vacuum strength to ensure the effectiveness of the desorption process. At the same time, check whether the vacuum pump is working properly.

[0098] Dynamically adjust the adsorption time, expressed as,

[0099]

[0100] Where, t represents the adsorption time (seconds), t min represents the minimum adsorption time (set to 30 seconds), k1 represents the pressure adjustment coefficient (10-20 seconds / MPa), which is determined by experimentally measuring the effect of different pressures on the adsorption effect, P max represents the maximum allowable pressure of the adsorption bed (set to 0.3MPa), which is determined by the equipment design and safety standards, P represents the real-time monitored adsorption pressure (MPa), k2 represents the purity adjustment factor (10-30 seconds / %), which is adjusted according to the difference between the required hydrogen purity and the actual purity, A represents the real-time monitored hydrogen purity (%), and B represents the target hydrogen purity (set to 99.9%), which is the standard value required by the process;

[0101] Dynamically adjust the pulse backflush frequency, expressed as,

[0102]

[0103] Where, f represents the number of pulses (times), f max represents the maximum number of pulses (set to 8 times), which is set according to the adsorption bed structure and process requirements, k3 represents the backwash frequency adjustment coefficient (1-2 times), which is determined by experiments, F represents the target CO2 concentration (set to 1%), which is to ensure the purity of the final product, and E represents the real-time monitored backwash gas CO2 concentration (%);

[0104] Dynamically adjust the microwave power, expressed as,

[0105]

[0106] Where, C represents microwave power (W), C min represents the minimum microwave power (set to 500 W), which is set according to the equipment capacity and safety considerations, k5 represents the temperature difference adjustment coefficient (50-100 W / ℃), which is determined by experiments, H represents the adsorbent target temperature (set to 85℃), which is set according to the adsorbent characteristics, T represents the real-time monitored adsorbent temperature (℃), k6 represents the temperature rise rate adjustment coefficient (10-20 W·min / ℃), which is determined by experiments, dT represents the change in temperature, dt represents the change in time, Indicates the real-time temperature rise rate (℃ / minute), which is continuously measured and calculated by the temperature sensor;

[0107] Dynamically adjust the vacuum pump vacuum pressure, expressed as,

[0108]

[0109] Where D represents vacuum pressure (MPa, absolute value), D max represents the maximum vacuum pressure (set to -0.09MPa), which is set according to the equipment design and safety standards, k7 represents the vacuum pressure adjustment coefficient (0.01-0.02MPa / %), which is determined by experiments, N represents the real-time monitored desorption gas CO2 concentration (%), and M represents the target CO2 concentration (set to 1%).

[0110] It should be noted that intelligent control and optimized operation are achieved by using a variety of sensors to collect equipment operation data in real time and dynamically adjusting key operating parameters based on these data. This mechanism greatly improves the flexibility and response speed of control, reduces the need for human intervention, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the equipment. By adjusting the operating parameters in real time, it can adapt to different operating conditions, improve the quality and efficiency of hydrogen production, and also reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0111] S5, adsorption beds Ⅰ and Ⅱ operate alternately, and dynamically monitor the operating status of each device and adjust the operating mode in real time, including the following steps:

[0112] When the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is saturated, switch back to adsorption bed I again to ensure that the two adsorption beds can operate alternately and maintain continuous production;

[0113] It should be noted that when the adsorbent in the adsorption bed gradually reaches saturation, the adsorption capacity of gas molecules weakens, causing the pressure at the inlet end of the adsorption bed to gradually rise. If it is detected that the pressure at the inlet end of the adsorption bed continues to rise and approaches the set maximum adsorption pressure (for example, 0.3MPa), it indicates that the adsorption bed may be close to saturation.

[0114] Before and after each switch, check the status of all equipment to ensure that they are in the best performance state, and dynamically adjust various parameters according to actual operating conditions, such as adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure, to ensure that all equipment operates efficiently and stably;

[0115] During the whole process, feedback information from various sensors is continuously received to dynamically adjust the operation mode and optimize the operating parameters to ensure the quality and efficiency of hydrogen production;

[0116] It should be noted that dynamically adjusting the operation mode and optimizing the operating parameters means shortening the adsorption time appropriately and reducing the pressure accumulation in the adsorption bed according to the adsorption time formula. According to the pulse backflush frequency formula, increase the number of pulses to more thoroughly remove the impurity gas on the adsorbent surface. According to the microwave power formula, appropriately reduce the microwave power to prevent the adsorbent from overheating and damage. According to the vacuum pump vacuum pressure formula, increase the vacuum suction force to ensure the effectiveness of the desorption process.

[0117] If encountering special circumstances, such as failure of an adsorption bed or maintenance required, the operating mode will be adjusted to maintain normal operation of other parts without affecting the overall hydrogen production process.

[0118] It should be noted that for VPSA (vacuum pressure swing adsorption) hydrogen production devices, the operating mode determines how the various components work together to achieve the best hydrogen production and purification effect. For example, in the adsorption mode, when the hydrogen-rich gas passes through the adsorption bed I or II, the molecular sieve adsorbent selectively adsorbs CO2 and other impurity gases, allowing only high-purity hydrogen to pass. Parameters such as adsorption time, pressure and temperature are dynamically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data to optimize the adsorption effect. In the desorption mode, when the adsorption bed is close to saturation, it switches to the desorption mode, closes the air inlet valve and starts the vacuum pump to perform vacuum operation to desorb the impurity gas on the adsorbent. Parameters such as vacuum pressure and pulse backwash frequency in this mode also need to be precisely controlled to ensure complete desorption. In the regeneration mode, the adsorption bed is quickly regenerated by combining microwave heating technology and pulse backwash. Parameters such as microwave power, number of pulses, interval time and duration are carefully designed to restore the optimal state of the adsorbent. In the monitoring and adjustment mode, feedback information from various sensors is continuously received, and the operating mode is dynamically adjusted based on these data. For example, if the adsorption pressure is detected to be too high or the hydrogen purity is reduced, an alarm is automatically triggered and corresponding measures are taken, such as shortening the adsorption time or increasing the pulse backflush frequency.

[0119] It should be noted that continuous production is achieved through the alternating operation of adsorption beds I and II and dynamic monitoring of the operating status of each device, with strong fault response capabilities. This approach not only ensures the continuity and stability of production, but also enhances reliability and fault tolerance. By continuously receiving feedback information from various sensors, the operating mode can be dynamically adjusted, the operating parameters can be optimized, and the high quality and efficiency of hydrogen production can be ensured. At the same time, the flexible fault response mechanism ensures that normal production can be maintained even under adverse conditions, improving the overall performance and competitiveness of the equipment.

[0120] This embodiment also provides a VPSA hydrogen production device control system, including: a hydrogen-rich gas generation module, which is responsible for sending methanol into a cracking device, generating hydrogen-rich gas through catalyst cracking, passing the hydrogen-rich gas into a VPSA decarbonization device, and outputting the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas;

[0121] The initial purification module is responsible for passing the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then using the high-purity hydrogen to pulse backwash the adsorption bed II, and starting the microwave generator and vacuum pump for desorption;

[0122] The high-purity hydrogen production and adsorption bed management module is responsible for switching the direction of the adsorption bed after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, performing the same desorption operation on adsorption bed I, and completing the regeneration of adsorption bed I;

[0123] The dynamic parameter adjustment module is responsible for collecting equipment operation data in real time using sensors, and dynamically adjusting the adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data;

[0124] The optimization control module is responsible for the alternating operation of adsorption beds I and II, dynamically monitoring the operating status of each device and adjusting the operating mode in real time.

[0125] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is applicable to the case of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions to implement the VPSA hydrogen production device control method proposed in the above embodiment.

[0126] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0127] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the control method for implementing the VPSA hydrogen production device proposed in the above embodiment is implemented; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Red-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0128] In summary, the present invention achieves efficient regeneration of the adsorption bed and continuous and stable high-purity hydrogen output by: introducing a comprehensive real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanism, and accurately controlling the alternating operating states of adsorption beds I and II. First, by using various types of sensors (such as pressure, temperature, flow and gas purity sensors), key data of equipment operation can be obtained in real time to ensure that the operation of each link is carried out within the optimal range. Secondly, by establishing dynamic adjustment formulas for adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure, these key parameters can be automatically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data, thereby increasing the service life of the adsorbent and reducing unnecessary energy waste. Finally, the present invention also has a strong fault response capability, and can quickly adjust the operating mode when encountering abnormal situations, ensuring the continuity and stability of the equipment, and providing reliable technical support for industrial-scale high-purity hydrogen production. This method not only enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the VPSA hydrogen production device, but also greatly improves the economy and environmental protection of hydrogen production.

[0129] In summary, the new VPSA hydrogen production device control method significantly improves multiple key performance indicators in the hydrogen production process, including adsorption time, pulse backwash times, hydrogen purity, and energy consumption, by introducing intelligent control and advanced desorption technology. Compared with traditional processes, this method not only improves the continuity and stability of production, but also enhances the flexibility and response speed of the equipment, providing strong technical support for industrial-scale high-purity hydrogen production.

[0130] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A VPSA hydrogen production device control method, characterized in that: include, The methanol is fed into the cracking unit, cracked by the catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, and the hydrogen-rich gas is fed into the VPSA decarbonization unit to output the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas; The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is passed into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then the high-purity hydrogen is used to pulse backflush the adsorption bed II, and the microwave generator and vacuum pump are started for desorption; After the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the direction of the adsorption bed is switched, and the same desorption operation is performed on adsorption bed I to complete the regeneration of adsorption bed I; Use sensors to collect equipment operation data in real time, and dynamically adjust adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data; Adsorption beds Ⅰ and Ⅱ operate alternately, and the operating status of each device is dynamically monitored and the operating mode is adjusted in real time.

2. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the hydrogen-rich gas include hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane; The sensors include a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a gas purity sensor.

3. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The methanol is fed into a cracking device, cracked by a catalyst to generate hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-rich gas is fed into a VPSA decarbonization device, and the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is output, including the following steps: The methanol is fed into the evaporator of the cracking unit at a constant flow rate through a metering pump; The vaporized methanol mixed gas enters the cracking reactor and undergoes cracking reaction over a copper-based catalyst; After the cracking reaction is completed, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained and cooled through a heat exchanger; The hydrogen-rich gas is uniformly transported to the VPSA decarbonization unit, and selectively adsorbs CO2 and part of CO through the molecular sieve adsorbent of adsorption bed I. When the adsorbent of adsorption bed I is saturated, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, and the desorption stage is started. The desorbed impurity gas is discharged through the vacuum pump, and part of the gas is returned to the cracking unit as fuel gas through the compressor, and the remaining part is discharged to obtain the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas.

4. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is introduced into the adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then the adsorption bed II is pulse-backblown with the high-purity hydrogen, and the microwave generator and the vacuum pump are started for desorption, including the following steps: The decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas is passed into the adsorption bed I, the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed I is opened, and the air compressor is started to provide the pressure required for adsorption. The molecular sieve and activated carbon adsorbent in the adsorption bed I selectively adsorb impurities in the gas, and only high-purity hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank through the product gas outlet; When the adsorbent in adsorption bed I is saturated, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, and at the same time, the backflush valve of adsorption bed II is opened, and a portion of high-purity hydrogen is used to pulse backflush adsorption bed II, and high-frequency air flow pulses are used to strip impurity gases on the surface of the adsorbent and discharge them into the exhaust pipeline; After pulse backflush is completed, the backflush valve of adsorption bed II is closed, and the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is heated by microwave heating technology, while the impurities are desorbed by a vacuum pump.

5. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, the direction of the adsorption bed is switched, and the same desorption operation is performed on adsorption bed I to complete the regeneration of adsorption bed I, including the following steps: After the adsorption bed II has completed desorption, the vacuum valve and microwave device of the adsorption bed II are closed, and the air inlet valve of the adsorption bed II is opened; At the same time, the air inlet valve of adsorption bed I is closed, the backflush valve and vacuum valve of adsorption bed I are opened, and the same pulse backflush and microwave-assisted desorption operations as those of adsorption bed II are performed on adsorption bed I.

6. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensor is used to collect the equipment operation data in real time, and the adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure are dynamically adjusted according to the equipment operation data, including the following steps: Use pressure sensors, temperature sensors, gas purity sensors and flow sensors to collect equipment operation data including pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow in real time; Set the normal range of pressure, temperature, gas purity and flow rate, and compare the collected equipment operation data with the normal range. If it exceeds the normal range, an alarm will be automatically triggered and corresponding adjustment measures will be taken; Dynamically adjust the adsorption time, expressed as, Where t represents the adsorption time, t min represents the minimum adsorption time, k1 represents the pressure adjustment coefficient, P max represents the maximum allowable pressure of the adsorption bed, P represents the adsorption pressure monitored in real time, k2 represents the purity adjustment coefficient, A represents the hydrogen purity monitored in real time, and B represents the target hydrogen purity; Dynamically adjust the number of pulses, expressed as, Where, f represents the number of pulses, f max represents the maximum number of pulses, k3 represents the back-blowing frequency adjustment coefficient, F represents the target CO2 concentration, and E represents the real-time monitored back-blowing gas CO2 concentration; Dynamically adjust the microwave power, expressed as, Where, C represents microwave power, C min represents the minimum microwave power, k5 represents the temperature difference adjustment coefficient, H represents the adsorbent target temperature, T represents the adsorbent temperature monitored in real time, k6 represents the temperature rise rate adjustment coefficient, dT represents the temperature change, and dt represents the time change; Dynamically adjust the vacuum pump vacuum pressure, expressed as, Where D represents vacuum pressure, D max represents the maximum vacuum pressure, k7 represents the vacuum pressure adjustment coefficient, N represents the real-time monitored desorption gas CO2 concentration, and M represents the target CO2 concentration.

7. The VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Adsorption beds I and II are operated alternately, and the operating status of each device is dynamically monitored and the operating mode is adjusted in real time, including the following steps: When the adsorbent in adsorption bed II is saturated, switch back to adsorption bed I to maintain continuous production; Before and after each switch, check the status of all devices and dynamically adjust various parameters according to actual operating conditions; During the whole process, feedback information from various sensors is continuously received to dynamically adjust the operation mode and optimize the operating parameters; If encountering special circumstances, adjust the operating mode to maintain normal operation of other parts.

8. A VPSA hydrogen production device control system, based on the VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, The hydrogen-rich gas generation module is responsible for sending methanol into the cracking unit, generating hydrogen-rich gas through catalyst cracking, passing the hydrogen-rich gas into the VPSA decarbonization unit, and outputting the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas; The initial purification module is responsible for passing the decarbonized hydrogen-rich gas into adsorption bed I to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and then using the high-purity hydrogen to pulse backwash the adsorption bed II, and starting the microwave generator and vacuum pump for desorption; The high-purity hydrogen production and adsorption bed management module is responsible for switching the direction of the adsorption bed after the desorption of adsorption bed II is completed, performing the same desorption operation on adsorption bed I, and completing the regeneration of adsorption bed I; The dynamic parameter adjustment module is responsible for collecting equipment operation data in real time using sensors, and dynamically adjusting the adsorption time, pulse backwash frequency, microwave power and vacuum pump pressure according to the equipment operation data; The optimization control module is responsible for the alternating operation of adsorption beds I and II, dynamically monitoring the operating status of each device and adjusting the operating mode in real time.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the VPSA hydrogen production device control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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