Hysteresis and magnetostriction strain simulation method and system of ferromagnetic material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material magnetostriction, and discloses a hysteresis and magnetostriction strain simulation method and system for a ferromagnetic material. The non-hysteresis magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material is determined by utilizing the magnetization energy of the magnetic moments distributed in all directions on the ferromagnetic material in the magnetic field direction and the total free energy in the magnetic domain, and the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the non-hysteresis magnetization intensity is determined according to the non-hysteresis magnetization intensity. According to the principle that the internal energy is minimum when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical balance, hysteresis and magnetostriction strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under the condition that stress is applied or not are determined according to the magnetic energy density, so that the accuracy of hysteresis and magnetostriction strain simulation is effectively improved; and the simulation analysis of hysteresis and magnetostriction characteristics is more accurate and diversified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of magnetostriction of materials, and in particular to a method and system for simulating hysteresis and magnetostriction strain of ferromagnetic materials. Background Art

[0002] The magnetostrictive effect of ferromagnetic materials is the main cause of vibration and noise in the core of power equipment such as transformers and reactors, thus affecting the design, manufacture and operation of power equipment. The core of power equipment will be affected by external stress during the assembly process, and in actual work, the internal bending of the core, external load-bearing and its own thermal strain will cause mechanical stress. Mechanical stress will change the rotation of the magnetic moment of ferromagnetic materials and the structure of the magnetic domain wall, causing changes in the energy of the magnetic domain, significantly affecting the hysteresis and magnetostrictive characteristics, and thus leading to changes in loss and vibration amplitude. Therefore, effectively simulating the magnetostrictive characteristics of ferromagnetic materials under mechanical stress has important engineering value for the design and optimization of power equipment, and helps to provide a theoretical basis for loss analysis, insulation evaluation, vibration and noise characteristics of electrical equipment under actual working conditions.

[0003] With the continuous deepening of magnetostrictive theoretical research and experimental technology methods, the research field of simulation models of magnetostrictive properties of ferromagnetic materials is mainly based on phenomenology, thermodynamics and magnetic domain theory. Based on phenomenological theory, the hysteresis characteristics of ferromagnetic materials are the sum of magnetic properties generated by all hysteresis operators. The magnetostrictive model derived by the Preisach model has strong mathematical significance, but it is difficult to reveal the physical mechanism related to magnetostrictive properties. Based on thermodynamic theory, the free energy of ferromagnetic materials is defined in the form of polynomials, and the constitutive relationship of the magnetostrictive properties of ferromagnetic materials is analyzed in combination with thermodynamic relations. The calculation is simple and universal, but the intrinsic physical basis of the material is not considered. The formula is directly simplified according to the experimental law, which cannot describe the magnetostrictive properties of ferromagnetic materials under complex working conditions.

[0004] Unlike simulation models based on phenomenology and thermodynamics, the magnetostriction model based on magnetic domain theory has a clear physical basis. Exploring the magnetostriction mechanism from the perspective of magnetic domains is helpful for in-depth research on the magnetostriction properties of ferromagnetic materials under complex working conditions. It is necessary to determine the magnetic domain structure of the material, associate the magnetic domain with external factors, determine the change law of the magnetic properties according to the principle of minimum energy, and combine the rotation of the magnetic domain and the movement of the magnetic domain wall to obtain the mathematical model of magnetostriction. However, the existing simulation method has not derived an analytical expression for magnetostriction that takes into account the hysteresis effect under mechanical stress, and the model is not universal under complex working conditions. Therefore, it is difficult for current research to simultaneously achieve accurate simulation of hysteresis and magnetostriction properties under unknown stress. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials, which solves the technical problem that current research is difficult to simultaneously achieve accurate simulation of hysteresis and magnetostrictive characteristics under unknown stress.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of a ferromagnetic material, comprising:

[0007] Determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero;

[0008] Determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetization of the ferromagnetic material by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain;

[0009] Determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material at the hysteresis-free magnetization according to the hysteresis-free magnetization;

[0010] Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with and without stress application are determined according to the magnetic energy density.

[0011] Preferably, determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material comprises:

[0012] When no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, is the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, is the anisotropic energy, is the magnetic field energy;

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, , are magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, are the direction cosines of the magnetization intensity relative to the crystal axis x, y, and z, respectively. is the vacuum permeability, is the magnetic field strength, is the saturation magnetization, , , are the direction cosines of the magnetic field relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively;

[0018] When stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, is the magnetoelastic property;

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, , are the magnetostriction coefficients measured along the crystal cubic axis [1 0 0] and [1 1 1] plane directions, respectively; is the direction cosine of the intensity relative to the crystal axis, , , are the direction cosines of the mechanical stress relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively.

[0023] Preferably, determining the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetizing the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain according to the magnetic moments distributed in various directions includes:

[0024] Determining a magnetization anti-index according to the angle of the magnetic moment direction of the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, and an empirical constant;

[0025] According to the magnetization anti-index and the saturation magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material in each magnetic moment direction, the total magnetization contribution of the ferromagnetic material to magnetization in each magnetic moment direction is determined, and the total magnetization contribution is used as the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is calculated as:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, is the hysteresis-free magnetization, is the angle between the magnetic moment direction and the crystal [0 0 1] plane direction, is the angle between the projection of the magnetic moment direction on the (1 1 0) plane and the [1 0 0] plane direction, d is the sign of the partial derivative, is a constant, is an empirical constant.

[0028] Preferably, determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material at the hysteresis-free magnetization according to the hysteresis-free magnetization comprises:

[0029] The magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization is determined by the following formula according to the hysteresis-free magnetization; the magnetic energy density is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, is the magnetic energy density, is the internal energy density, is the hysteresis energy density, is the magnetic coupling coefficient, is the magnetization intensity, is the hysteresis characteristic coefficient of the magnetostrictive loop, is the shape factor of the magnetostrictive loop.

[0032] Preferably, when the ferromagnetic material is not subjected to stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with or without stress applied are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, including:

[0033] Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, according to the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization;

[0034] Performing partial derivative calculation on the strain of the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material along each axis direction to obtain the strain of the ferromagnetic material in each axis direction;

[0035] Based on the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization, the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization is determined according to the strains in each axial direction of the ferromagnetic material;

[0036] According to the magnetic energy density under the saturation magnetization, the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model based on the hysteresis effect is established with the magnetization as input and the magnetostrictive strain as output; the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0037]

[0038] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain, is the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient, is Poisson's ratio, is Young's modulus, is the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization.

[0039] Preferably, when the ferromagnetic material is under stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under stress application and without stress application are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, including:

[0040] Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, judging whether the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under stress;

[0041] When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under the condition of stress application, the saturation magnetic strain amount of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction is determined;

[0042] When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under the condition of stress application has not reached a saturation state, determining the amount of unsaturated magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction;

[0043] According to the relationship between the saturated magnetic strain, the unsaturated magnetic strain and the magnetostrictive strain of the ferromagnetic material, a second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is constructed with magnetization intensity as input and magnetostrictive strain as output. The second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain.

[0046] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0047] According to the magnetic field equivalent relationship of the ferromagnetic material, the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material is determined; the dynamic magnetization intensity is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, is the dynamic magnetization, is the static magnetic field strength, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ferromagnetic material, is the thickness of the ferromagnetic material, is the electrical conductivity of the ferromagnetic material, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the magnetic field variation coefficient, is the characteristic parameter of abnormal loss;

[0050] According to the nonlinear constitutive relationship of the ferromagnetic material, the second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is converted into a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level based on the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material; the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level is:

[0051] In the formula, is the saturation magnetic induction intensity, is the saturation magnetic field intensity, and the nonlinear constitutive relation of the ferromagnetic material is: .

[0052] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system for ferromagnetic materials, comprising:

[0053] A magnetic domain internal energy determination module, used to determine the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero;

[0054] A magnetization intensity determination module, used to determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetization of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain;

[0055] A magnetic energy density determination module, used to determine the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity according to the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity;

[0056] The strain model building module is used to determine the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with or without stress application according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium.

[0057] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials as described in the first aspect.

[0058] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials as described in the first aspect.

[0059] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention determines the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material by considering the different conditions of whether or not stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material, and utilizes the energy of the magnetic moments distributed in various directions on the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain. The magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is determined according to the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity. The hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the conditions of whether or not stress is applied are determined according to the magnetic energy density through the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation, and making the simulation analysis of hysteresis and magnetostrictive characteristics more accurate and diversified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0061] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of a ferromagnetic material provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a unit magnetization vector, applied stress, and magnetic field vector in spherical coordinates provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of predicting the Everett function under unknown stress based on the cubic interpolation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4a A comparison diagram of simulation results and measurement results of a hysteresis loop obtained by a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation process for a ferromagnetic material provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4b A comparison diagram of the simulation results and the measurement results of the magnetostrictive loop obtained by the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation process of the ferromagnetic material provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a ferromagnetic material hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials, which can be applicable to the case of simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials. The method can be performed by a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation device for ferromagnetic materials. The hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation device for ferromagnetic materials can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation device for ferromagnetic materials can be configured in a computer device.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials, including the following steps S1 to S4. Among them:

[0071] Step S1, determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero.

[0072] Among them, the different conditions of whether stress is applied to ferromagnetic materials will affect the magnetic domain structure of the ferromagnetic materials. When external stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, magnetoelastic energy will be generated, thereby hindering the deflection of the magnetic domain structure and making the magnetization process of oriented silicon steel more complicated, thereby affecting the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material. When no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy can be ignored.

[0073] Step S2: determining the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the magnetization energy of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domains by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions.

[0074] Among them, according to the inverse exponential relationship between the probability of the magnetic moment being oriented along a specific direction and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity can be calculated by summing the contributions of the magnetic moments distributed in various directions to the magnetization in the direction of the magnetic field.

[0075] Specifically, the step S2 determines the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the magnetization energy of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain according to the magnetic moments distributed in various directions, including:

[0076] Step S201 : determining a magnetization anti-index according to the angle of the magnetic moment directions of the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, and an empirical constant.

[0077] Among them, the magnetization anti-index is:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, is the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, is the angle between the magnetic moment direction and the crystal [0 0 1] plane direction, is the angle between the projection of the magnetic moment direction on the (1 1 0) plane and the [1 0 0] plane direction, is a constant, is an empirical constant, and its value is 920 J / m 3 .

[0080] Step S202: Determine the total magnetization contribution of the ferromagnetic material to magnetization in each magnetic moment direction according to the magnetization anti-index and the saturation magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material in each magnetic moment direction, and use the total magnetization contribution as the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is calculated as:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, is the hysteresis-free magnetization, and d is the sign of the partial derivative.

[0083] Among them, for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the unit magnetization vector, applied stress and magnetic field vector in spherical coordinates shown in the figure can be used to calculate the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity by summing the contributions of the magnetic moments distributed in various directions to the magnetization in the direction of the magnetic field. .

[0084] Step S3: determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization according to the hysteresis-free magnetization.

[0085] Among them, the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization is determined by the following formula according to the hysteresis-free magnetization; the magnetic energy density is:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, is the magnetic energy density, is the internal energy density, is the hysteresis energy density, is the magnetic coupling coefficient, is the magnetization intensity, is the hysteresis characteristic coefficient of the magnetostrictive loop, is the shape factor of the magnetostrictive loop.

[0088] Step S4, based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with and without stress application are determined according to the magnetic energy density.

[0089] Among them, for ferromagnetic materials, mechanical balance means that there is no net torque inside the material, so that the arrangement of the magnetic domains of the material reaches a relatively stable state. In this state, the total internal energy of the material (including magnetic energy, elastic energy, exchange interaction energy, etc.) reaches a local or global minimum.

[0090] Magnetostriction refers to the dimensional change of ferromagnetic materials when they are magnetized. This is caused by the stress caused by the exchange interaction between atoms inside the material and the magnetic anisotropy. When the material is magnetized, its length may stretch or shrink along the direction of the magnetic field, depending on the specific properties of the material. For ferromagnetic materials with or without stress, there are different hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models to simulate the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials with or without stress.

[0091] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material by considering the different conditions of whether or not stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material, and use the energy of the magnetic moments distributed in various directions on the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain. The magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is determined based on the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity. The hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under the conditions of whether or not stress is applied are determined based on the magnetic energy density through the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation, and making the simulation analysis of hysteresis and magnetostrictive characteristics more accurate and diversified.

[0092] In some embodiments, determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material in step S1 includes:

[0093] Step S101: When no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, is the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, is the anisotropic energy, is the magnetic field energy;

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, , are magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, among which amorphous alloy materials The value is 0.3×104J / m 3 , The item can be ignored, oriented silicon steel material The value is 3.8×104J / m 3 , The term can also be ignored. are the direction cosines of the magnetization intensity relative to the crystal axis x, y, and z, respectively. is the vacuum permeability, is the magnetic field strength, is the saturation magnetization, , , are the direction cosines of the magnetic field relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively.

[0099] For example, when a magnetic field is applied in the [1 0 0] direction, the magnetic domains rotate only in the (1 1 0) plane. =0, =1, = = 0. Therefore, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material can be E d It is expressed as:

[0100] .

[0101] Step S102: When stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, is the magnetoelastic property;

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, , are the magnetostriction coefficients measured along the crystal cubic axis [1 0 0] and [1 1 1] plane directions, respectively; is the direction cosine of the intensity relative to the crystal axis, , , are the direction cosines of the mechanical stress relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the ferromagnetic material is not subjected to stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with or without stress applied are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium in step S4, including:

[0107] Step S401: Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, according to the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization intensity.

[0108] The total internal energy density of ferromagnetic materials can be expressed as the sum of elastic energy density, magnetoelastic energy density, and magnetic energy density under magnetization intensity, that is:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, is the total internal energy density, is the elastic energy density, is the magnetoelastic energy density, is the magnetic energy density under the magnetization intensity.

[0111]

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] In the formula, c 11 and c 12 is the elastic constant of the ferromagnetic material, e ij is the strain in each direction, i=x, y, z, j=x, y, z, σ is the applied stress; b is the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient; a is the magnetic coupling coefficient; is the vacuum magnetic permeability; M an is the magnetization intensity without hysteresis.

[0115] Step S402: performing partial derivative calculation on the strain of the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material along each axis direction to obtain the strain of the ferromagnetic material in each axis direction.

[0116] Among them, the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium is used to calculate the partial derivative of the strain along each axis as follows:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, is the symbol of partial derivative.

[0119] Step S403: Based on the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization, the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization is determined according to the strains in each axial direction of the ferromagnetic material.

[0120] The strains of the ferromagnetic material in each axial direction in step S402 are substituted into the relationship of the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material to obtain the magnetic energy density under saturation magnetization.

[0121] Step S404: According to the magnetic energy density under the saturation magnetization, the magnetization is used as input and the magnetostrictive strain is used as output to establish a first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model based on the hysteresis effect; the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain, is the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient, is Poisson's ratio, is Young's modulus, is the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization.

[0124] In some embodiments, when the ferromagnetic material is under stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under stress or not are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium in step S4, including:

[0125] Step S411: Based on the principle that the internal energy of the ferromagnetic material is minimum when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, it is determined whether the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state when stress is applied.

[0126] Among them, according to the principle of minimum energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, the strain of the ferromagnetic material along each axis is derived. , and when the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches saturation under stress, the magnetization intensity M=M s , at this time, the magnetic strain is 0, thus affecting the saturation magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along the preset direction. Among them, the strain of the ferromagnetic material along each axis direction for:

[0127]

[0128] Where σ / Y is the mechanical strain, is the magnetic strain, is the unknown coefficient; among them,

[0129] .

[0130] Among them, when the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches saturation under stress, =0, when the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under stress has not reached saturation, the magnetic strain considering the influence of mechanical stress for:

[0131]

[0132] Step S412: when it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under the condition of stress application, the saturation magnetic strain amount of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction is determined.

[0133] Among them, when the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches saturation under stress, =0, then the saturation magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along the preset direction is determined as:

[0134] .

[0135] Step S413: when it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under the condition of stress application has not reached the saturation state, the amount of unsaturated magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along the preset direction is determined.

[0136] Among them, when the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches saturation under stress, ≠0, then the saturation magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along the preset direction is determined as:

[0137] .

[0138] Step S414: According to the relationship between the saturated magnetic strain, the unsaturated magnetic strain and the magnetostrictive strain of the ferromagnetic material, a second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is constructed with the magnetization intensity as input and the magnetostrictive strain as output. The second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain.

[0141] Among them, the magnetic strain is not equivalent to the magnetostrictive strain λ, and the relationship between the two satisfies the following equation:

[0142]

[0143] in, = , = .

[0144] When the magnetization intensity M=0, the magnetostrictive strain λ=0, which can be obtained by The analytical formula converted into magnetostrictive strain is:

[0145] .

[0146] It should be noted that the magnetostrictive strain obtained in step S414 is obtained based on the microscopic level of the material. The following embodiments of the present application also combine the nonlinear constitutive relationship of ferromagnetic materials to describe the coupling relationship between magnetic induction intensity, magnetization intensity and magnetostrictive strain under external stress to determine the magnetostrictive strain model based on the macroscopic level of the material.

[0147] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0148] Step S421, determining the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the magnetic field equivalent relationship of the ferromagnetic material; the dynamic magnetization intensity is:

[0149]

[0150] In the formula, is the dynamic magnetization, is the static magnetic field strength, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ferromagnetic material, is the thickness of the ferromagnetic material, is the electrical conductivity of the ferromagnetic material, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the magnetic field variation coefficient, It is the characteristic parameter of abnormal loss.

[0151] It should be noted that based on the field separation technology and the loss separation consistency principle, the magnetic field generated by the ferromagnetic material is divided into static magnetic field intensity, eddy current magnetic field intensity and abnormal magnetic field intensity through the Bertotti loss separation model, among which the eddy current magnetic field intensity is the second term of the dynamic magnetization intensity, and the constant magnetic field intensity is the third term of the dynamic magnetization intensity.

[0152] Among them, the Preisach static hysteresis model with higher simulation accuracy is used to calculate the static magnetic field strength ,Right now:

[0153]

[0154] In the formula, is the value of the inverse Everett function corresponding to positive saturation; m(t) is the sequence of rise and fall corresponding to the magnetic field intensity; and They are the inverse Everett function values ​​corresponding to the local extreme values ​​of the ascending branch and the descending branch when j=1,2,...m respectively.

[0155] Among them, based on different mechanical stress conditions (σ1,σ2,…,σ n ) The Everett function is extracted from the static concentric hysteresis loop clusters. At this time, the stress σ can be used as the independent variable affecting the Everett function, so the function E(σ i ), define E(σ i ) has an independent variable variation interval of [σ1,σ n ], for each point on the Preisach plane, multiple cubic interpolation is used to estimate the target stress σ of the point with a cubic function i The value of the Everett function at position . Figure 3 The process of predicting the Everett function under unknown stress based on cubic interpolation method is given.

[0156] Step S422: According to the nonlinear constitutive relationship of the ferromagnetic material and based on the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material, the second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is converted into a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level; the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level is:

[0157] In the formula, is the saturation magnetic induction intensity, is the saturation magnetic field strength, the nonlinear constitutive relation of ferromagnetic materials is: .

[0158] In some embodiments, according to the variation characteristics of the parameters with the stress σ, the simulation of the magnetostrictive loop under unknown stress conditions can be realized, and the relationship between the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient b, the shape coefficient α′ and the stress σ is characterized by a second-order polynomial fitting method to obtain:

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] In the formula, x i (i=1,2,…,6) are coefficients of the polynomial to be fitted, which can be obtained by mathematical fitting according to the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient b and the shape coefficient α′ under different stresses.

[0162] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application uses the hysteresis energy density function to describe the coupling relationship between hysteresis and magnetostriction, and uses the sum of the contribution of the magnetic domain energy along the magnetic field direction to represent the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity, and establishes a magnetostriction model based on the hysteresis effect. The magnetic field intensity under unknown stress is calculated by the cubic interpolation method, and considering the variation characteristics of the parameters with stress σ, a simulation method for the hysteresis and magnetostriction characteristics of ferromagnetic materials under mechanical stress is proposed. The present invention analyzes the coupling relationship of magnetic induction intensity B-stress σ-magnetization intensity H-magnetostrictive strain λ, and provides a dynamic hysteresis and magnetostriction model considering the effect of mechanical stress, which effectively improves the accuracy of the simulation results, and makes the simulation analysis of hysteresis and magnetostriction characteristics more accurate and diversified.

[0163] Figure 4a~4b The simulation results and measurement results of the hysteresis loop and magnetostrictive loop obtained according to the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation process of ferromagnetic materials proposed in the embodiments of the present application are given respectively. By comparison, it is found that the simulation results and measurement results of the hysteresis loop and magnetostrictive loop are basically consistent, indicating that the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation process of ferromagnetic materials proposed in the embodiments of the present application is relatively accurate.

[0164] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a ferromagnetic material hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system for implementing the above-mentioned ferromagnetic material hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation method.

[0165] The implementation solution provided by the system to solve the problem is similar to the implementation solution recorded in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations in the embodiments of the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system for one or more ferromagnetic materials provided below can be referred to the limitations of the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation method for ferromagnetic materials in the above text, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] like Figure 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system for ferromagnetic materials, including:

[0167] The magnetic domain internal energy determination module 100 is used to determine the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero;

[0168] The magnetization intensity determination module 200 is used to determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetization of the ferromagnetic material by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain;

[0169] A magnetic energy density determination module 300, for determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity according to the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity;

[0170] The strain model building module 400 is used to determine the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with or without stress application according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium.

[0171] In some embodiments, the module 100 for determining the internal energy of a magnetic domain is used to determine that when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0172]

[0173] In the formula, is the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, is the anisotropic energy, is the magnetic field energy;

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] In the formula, , are magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, are the direction cosines of the magnetization intensity relative to the crystal axis x, y, and z, respectively. is the vacuum permeability, is the magnetic field strength, is the saturation magnetization, , , are the direction cosines of the magnetic field relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively;

[0177] When stress is applied to a ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is:

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, is the magnetoelastic property;

[0180]

[0181] In the formula, , are the magnetostriction coefficients measured along the crystal cubic axis [1 0 0] and [1 1 1] plane directions, respectively; is the direction cosine of the intensity relative to the crystal axis, , , are the direction cosines of the mechanical stress relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively.

[0182] In some embodiments, the magnetization intensity determination module 200 is used to determine the magnetization anti-index according to the angle of the magnetic moment direction of the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, and the empirical constant;

[0183] According to the magnetization anti-index and the saturation magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material in each magnetic moment direction, the total magnetization contribution of the ferromagnetic material to the magnetization in each magnetic moment direction is determined, and the total magnetization contribution is taken as the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is calculated as:

[0184]

[0185] In the formula, is the hysteresis-free magnetization, is the angle between the magnetic moment direction and the crystal [0 0 1] plane direction, is the angle between the projection of the magnetic moment direction on the (1 1 0) plane and the [1 0 0] plane direction, d is the sign of the partial derivative, is a constant, is an empirical constant.

[0186] In some embodiments, the magnetic energy density determination module 300 is used to determine the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity by the following formula according to the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; the magnetic energy density is:

[0187]

[0188] In the formula, is the magnetic energy density, is the internal energy density, is the hysteresis energy density, is the magnetic coupling coefficient, is the magnetization intensity, is the hysteresis characteristic coefficient of the magnetostrictive loop, is the shape factor of the magnetostrictive loop.

[0189] In some embodiments, when the ferromagnetic material is not subjected to stress, the strain model building module 400 is used based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, according to the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at the saturation magnetization intensity;

[0190] Perform partial derivative calculation on the strain of the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material along each axis direction to obtain the strain of the ferromagnetic material in each axis direction;

[0191] Based on the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization, the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization is determined according to the strains in each axial direction of the ferromagnetic material;

[0192] According to the magnetic energy density under saturation magnetization, the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model based on hysteresis effect is established with magnetization as input and magnetostrictive strain as output; the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain, is the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient, is Poisson's ratio, is Young's modulus, is the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization.

[0195] In some embodiments, when the ferromagnetic material is under stress, the strain model building module 400 is used to determine whether the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under stress has reached a saturation state based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium;

[0196] When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under the condition of stress application, the saturation magnetic strain amount of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction is determined;

[0197] When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under the condition of stress application has not reached a saturation state, the amount of unsaturated magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction is determined;

[0198] According to the relationship between the saturated magnetic strain, unsaturated magnetic strain and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials, a second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is constructed with magnetization intensity as input and magnetostrictive strain as output. The second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0199]

[0200] In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain.

[0201] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a strain conversion module, which is used to determine the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the magnetic field equivalent relationship of the ferromagnetic material; the dynamic magnetization intensity is:

[0202]

[0203] In the formula, is the dynamic magnetization, is the static magnetic field strength, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ferromagnetic material, is the thickness of the ferromagnetic material, is the electrical conductivity of the ferromagnetic material, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the magnetic field variation coefficient, is the characteristic parameter of abnormal loss;

[0204] According to the nonlinear constitutive relationship of ferromagnetic materials, the second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is transformed into a macroscopic hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model based on the dynamic magnetization intensity of ferromagnetic materials; the macroscopic hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is:

[0205] In the formula, is the saturation magnetic induction intensity, is the saturation magnetic field strength, the nonlinear constitutive relation of ferromagnetic materials is: .

[0206] like Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device 10 includes a memory 20 and a processor 30, the memory 20 stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor 30, the processor 30 executes the steps of the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation method of ferromagnetic materials in the above embodiment.

[0207] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed, the steps of the method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0208] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, electronic device and computer storage medium can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0209] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0210] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it is understood that each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and a part of a module, a program segment or a code includes one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved.

[0211] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, electronic devices, computer storage media and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0212] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0213] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0214] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention through a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (full name in English: Read-Only Memory, English abbreviation: ROM), random access memory (full name in English: Random Access Memory, English abbreviation: RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0215] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials, characterized in that: include: Determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero; Determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetization of the ferromagnetic material by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain; Determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material at the hysteresis-free magnetization according to the hysteresis-free magnetization; Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with and without stress application are determined according to the magnetic energy density.

2. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material comprises: When no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is: In the formula, is the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, is the anisotropic energy, is the magnetic field energy; In the formula, , are magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, are the direction cosines of the magnetization intensity relative to the crystal axis x, y, and z, respectively. is the vacuum permeability, is the magnetic field strength, is the saturation magnetization, , , are the direction cosines of the magnetic field relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively; When stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material is: In the formula, is the magnetoelastic property; In the formula, , are the magnetostriction coefficients measured along the crystal cubic axis [1 0 0] and [1 1 1] plane directions, respectively; is the direction cosine of the intensity relative to the crystal axis, , , are the direction cosines of the mechanical stress relative to the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis of the crystal axis, respectively.

3. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetizing the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain according to the magnetic moments distributed in various directions comprises: Determining a magnetization anti-index according to the angle of the magnetic moment direction of the ferromagnetic material, the total free energy inside the magnetic domain, and an empirical constant; According to the magnetization anti-index and the saturation magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material in each magnetic moment direction, the total magnetization contribution of the ferromagnetic material to magnetization in each magnetic moment direction is determined, and the total magnetization contribution is used as the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity is calculated as: In the formula, is the hysteresis-free magnetization, is the angle between the magnetic moment direction and the crystal [0 0 1] plane direction, is the angle between the projection of the magnetic moment direction on the (1 1 0) plane and the [1 0 0] plane direction, d is the sign of the partial derivative, is a constant, is an empirical constant.

4. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material at the hysteresis-free magnetization according to the hysteresis-free magnetization comprises: The magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization is determined by the following formula according to the hysteresis-free magnetization; the magnetic energy density is: In the formula, is the magnetic energy density, is the internal energy density, is the hysteresis energy density, is the magnetic coupling coefficient, is the magnetization intensity, is the hysteresis characteristic coefficient of the magnetostrictive loop, is the shape factor of the magnetostrictive loop.

5. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the ferromagnetic material is not subjected to stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under the condition of stress application and without stress application are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, including: Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, according to the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization; Performing partial derivative calculation on the strain of the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material along each axis direction to obtain the strain of the ferromagnetic material in each axis direction; Based on the relationship between the total internal energy density of the ferromagnetic material and the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization, the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization is determined according to the strains in each axial direction of the ferromagnetic material; According to the magnetic energy density under the saturation magnetization, the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model based on the hysteresis effect is established with the magnetization as input and the magnetostrictive strain as output; the first hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is: In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain, is the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient, is Poisson's ratio, is Young's modulus, is the magnetic energy density at saturation magnetization.

6. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the ferromagnetic material is under stress, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material under stress or not are determined according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, including: Based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium, judging whether the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under stress; When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material reaches a saturation state under the condition of stress application, the saturation magnetic strain amount of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction is determined; When it is determined that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic material under the condition of stress application has not reached a saturation state, determining the amount of unsaturated magnetic strain of the ferromagnetic material along a preset direction; According to the relationship between the saturated magnetic strain, the unsaturated magnetic strain and the magnetostrictive strain of the ferromagnetic material, a second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is constructed with magnetization intensity as input and magnetostrictive strain as output. The second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is: In the formula, is the magnetostrictive strain.

7. The method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: Determining the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the magnetic field equivalent relationship of the ferromagnetic material; The dynamic magnetization intensity is: In the formula, is the dynamic magnetization, is the static magnetic field strength, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ferromagnetic material, is the thickness of the ferromagnetic material, is the electrical conductivity of the ferromagnetic material, is the dimensionless coefficient, is the magnetic field variation coefficient, is the characteristic parameter of abnormal loss; According to the nonlinear constitutive relationship of the ferromagnetic material, the second hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model is converted into a hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level based on the dynamic magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material; the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain model at a macroscopic level is: In the formula, is the saturation magnetic induction intensity, is the saturation magnetic field intensity, the nonlinear constitutive relation of the ferromagnetic material is: .

8. A hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain simulation system for ferromagnetic materials, characterized in that: include: A magnetic domain internal energy determination module, used to determine the total free energy inside the magnetic domain of the ferromagnetic material according to whether stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material; wherein, when no stress is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the magnetoelastic energy of the total free energy inside the magnetic domain is zero; A magnetization intensity determination module, used to determine the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity of the ferromagnetic material according to the energy of magnetization of the ferromagnetic material in the direction of the magnetic field by the magnetic moments distributed in various directions and the total free energy inside the magnetic domain; A magnetic energy density determination module, used to determine the magnetic energy density of the ferromagnetic material under the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity according to the hysteresis-free magnetization intensity; The strain model building module is used to determine the hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain models corresponding to the ferromagnetic material with or without stress application according to the magnetic energy density based on the principle of minimum internal energy when the ferromagnetic material reaches mechanical equilibrium.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed, the steps of the method for simulating hysteresis and magnetostrictive strain of ferromagnetic materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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