Tool compensation system for machine tool machining and tool compensation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool machining precision improvement, in particular to a tool compensation system and method for machine tool machining, and the system comprises a cutting load monitoring module, a machine tool thermal deformation detection module, a tool compensation path calculation module, a track error correction module and a tool error compensation execution module. According to the method, through cutting load monitoring and real-time analysis of main shaft current sensor data, the relation between tool stress change and main shaft rotating speed deviation is accurately recognized, dynamic response to the tool abrasion state is achieved, and in combination with machine tool temperature data, the thermal deformation amount is calculated through a system, and a compensation path is dynamically adjusted; a compensation strategy is optimized to cope with the real-time influence of thermal deformation on a machining track, the tool compensation path correction and the track error trend are analyzed, fine adjustment of the machining path is achieved through an innovative scheme, sudden errors are effectively reduced by integrating tool abrasion, machine tool thermal deformation and cooperative adjustment of path errors, and the machining precision is improved. And the adaptability and the consistency of the machining process are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of improving machining accuracy of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a tool compensation system and a tool compensation method for machine tool machining. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools includes aspects such as machine tool structure optimization, motion control accuracy improvement, error compensation and tool compensation. The core content of this technical field is to reduce machining errors and improve machining stability and consistency by optimizing machine tool design, improving servo control accuracy, and applying error compensation algorithms. During the machining process, CNC machine tools are affected by factors such as cutting force, temperature changes, and tool wear, which will produce machining errors. For this reason, this field focuses on compensation around the source of errors, mainly including geometric error compensation, thermal error compensation, and tool error compensation. Geometric error compensation is based on the machine tool structure parameters to correct the coordinate system to reduce the inherent error of the machine tool. Thermal error compensation detects temperature changes through temperature sensors and calculates thermal deformation to correct machine tool displacement. Tool error compensation performs compensation calculations for factors such as tool wear, tool clamping errors, and tool thermal expansion to ensure machining dimensional accuracy.

[0003] Among them, the tool compensation system for machine tool processing refers to a system and method for compensating for processing errors caused by factors such as tool wear, clamping error and thermal expansion during the processing of CNC machine tools. This tool compensation system calculates the tool offset by real-time monitoring of the tool status, combined with preset tool compensation parameters and dynamic measurement data, and adjusts the tool path based on the compensation instructions of the CNC system. The method first obtains the tool wear amount or the actual size of the tool through the sensor, and uses the compensation calculation formula to correct the tool position in combination with the tolerance requirements of the workpiece to correct the tool radius or tool length compensation value, so that the processing trajectory remains within the theoretical size range. In addition, the system also uses a data acquisition module to obtain real-time processing data, and processes the data through a calculation module to realize the dynamic adjustment of the tool offset, and finally inputs the compensation result into the tool compensation storage unit of the CNC machine tool so that the machine tool control system can perform the corresponding tool compensation operation.

[0004] Existing technologies rely on fixed compensation parameters or periodic detection of tool status, and lack the ability to dynamically respond to real-time processing status. Changes in tool sharpness cannot be identified in real time, resulting in a lag in adjustment of the processing trajectory when the cutting resistance changes suddenly, resulting in path deviation. The compensation for thermal deformation of machine tools uses static data for correction, ignoring the impact of the temperature rise rate on structural stability, and failing to make immediate compensation according to the temperature changes during the processing process, resulting in a decrease in processing accuracy in high-temperature areas. Tool path compensation is based on preset compensation values, and does not consider the impact of cutting force changes and thermal deformation. In the processing of workpieces with complex shapes or significant material changes, path errors are easy to accumulate. Trajectory error correction does not combine real-time error distribution, but only relies on a fixed compensation mode, resulting in insufficient or excessive compensation in local areas, affecting the overall processing accuracy. These problems make it difficult for existing technologies to accurately control errors in practical applications, affecting processing consistency, and leading to the gradual accumulation of errors during the processing of complex workpieces, reducing the accuracy of finished products and the stability of machine tools. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a tool compensation system and a tool compensation method for machine tool processing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A tool compensation system for machine tool processing comprises:

[0007] The cutting load monitoring module obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, screens the abnormal offset points, determines the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculates the tool force change trend, and generates the cutting load offset trend value;

[0008] The machine tool thermal deformation detection module calls the cutting load offset trend value, obtains temperature data, calculates the temperature rise rate, determines the machine tool thermal deformation amount, and generates the machine tool thermal deformation influence amount;

[0009] The tool compensation path calculation module calls the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool, calculates the path error, analyzes the offset trend, calculates the compensation path correction amount, and generates the tool compensation path correction value;

[0010] The trajectory error correction module calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the trajectory error trend, screens the error change area, determines the trajectory offset amplitude, calculates the error correction parameter, and generates the tool trajectory error adjustment value;

[0011] The tool error compensation execution module calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the trajectory error range, determines the adaptability of the compensation path, adjusts the tool compensation storage unit, and generates the tool error compensation execution value.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present invention, the cutting load offset trend value includes the cutting resistance change rate, the spindle speed change amplitude, and the tool force offset ratio; the machine tool thermal deformation influence variable includes the thermal expansion offset value, the temperature rise rate coefficient, and the thermal deformation influence coefficient; the tool compensation path correction value includes the path adjustment offset value, the compensation displacement correction parameter, and the processing area error compensation ratio; the tool trajectory error adjustment value includes the trajectory offset correction parameter, the processing path deformation amount, and the trajectory compensation adjustment coefficient; the tool error compensation execution value includes the compensation path storage parameter, the error correction correction amount, and the matching coefficient.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the cutting load monitoring module includes a spindle data acquisition submodule, a cutting resistance analysis submodule, and a tool force evaluation submodule;

[0014] The spindle data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the short-term speed fluctuation range, and screens the speed mutation interval, analyzes the corresponding relationship between the torque change trend and the speed offset trend, determines the spindle load stability, calculates the load change rate, and obtains the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value;

[0015] The cutting resistance analysis submodule calls the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value, calculates the influence of torque change on cutting resistance, screens out abnormal points of cutting force fluctuation, determines the load fluctuation amplitude, and obtains the cutting resistance change trend result;

[0016] The tool force evaluation submodule calls the cutting resistance change trend result, calculates the tool force change rate, screens the cutting force mutation point, determines the tool offset area, and obtains the cutting load offset trend value.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the short-term fluctuation value of the main shaft is specifically:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, ΔN represents the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis, N i represents the spindle speed at the i-th time point, represents the average value of the spindle speed, n represents the total number of sampling time points, represents the sum operation of i from 1 to n, Represents the speed deviation at a single time point, represents the sum of squares of the speed deviation values, Represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of the speed changes at adjacent time points, Represents the square root operation.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the machine tool thermal deformation detection module includes a temperature data acquisition submodule, a temperature rise rate calculation submodule, and a thermal deformation analysis submodule;

[0021] The temperature data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle, guide rail, and worktable temperature sensors based on the cutting load offset trend value, extracts the temperature change value of the components, calculates the temperature fluctuation range of the time interval, screens the working condition data with a large temperature change rate, determines the temperature fluctuation trend, calculates the time distribution characteristics of the temperature change, analyzes the influence of heat transfer on the machine tool structure, and obtains the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components;

[0022] The temperature rise rate calculation submodule calls the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components, calculates the temperature rise rates of the spindle, guide rails, and worktable, screens abnormal temperature rise points, determines the local temperature change trend of the machine tool, and obtains the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool;

[0023] The thermal deformation analysis submodule calls the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool, calculates the thermal expansion of each component of the machine tool, screens the thermal deformation trend, determines the influence of thermal deformation on the processing error, and obtains the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the tool compensation path calculation module includes a path error calculation submodule, an offset trend analysis submodule, and a compensation path correction submodule;

[0025] The path error calculation submodule calls the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool, calculates the error distribution of each position of the machining path, analyzes the change trend of the error value in the cutting area, screens the area with prominent error amplitude, determines the degree of error deviation within the workpiece contour range, calculates the change rate of the machining trajectory error in the differentiated cutting stage, evaluates the influence of error accumulation on the tool path, and obtains the machining path error parameter;

[0026] The offset trend analysis submodule calls the machining path error parameters, calculates the error offset direction, screens the path area with obvious offset trend, determines the machining path adjustment requirements, and obtains the path offset trend characteristics;

[0027] The compensation path correction submodule calls the path deviation trend feature, calculates the compensation path adjustment amplitude, determines the error distribution after the compensation path correction, calculates the compensation displacement value after adjustment, and obtains the tool compensation path correction value.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the adjusted compensation displacement value is specifically:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, ΔP c Represents the compensation displacement value after adjustment, Pc,j represents the compensation path offset of the jth correction point, P c,j-1 Represents the compensation path offset of the previous correction point, represents the average value of the compensation path offset of all correction points, m represents the total number of compensation path correction points, and W c,j Represents the weight coefficient of the jth correction point.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention, the trajectory error correction module includes an error trend analysis submodule, an error region screening submodule, and a trajectory offset adjustment submodule;

[0032] The error trend analysis submodule calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the error change trend of the machining path, calculates the fluctuation range of the error value in the differentiated cutting area, selects the path segment with a faster error accumulation rate, determines the impact of the error change on the machining accuracy, calculates the error offset direction and path adjustment requirements, evaluates the trajectory error correction requirements, and obtains the trajectory error trend parameters;

[0033] The error area screening submodule calls the trajectory error trend parameter, calculates the error distribution characteristics, screens the area with prominent error changes, determines the accumulation of errors in the path segment, and obtains the characteristic value of the error change area;

[0034] The trajectory offset adjustment submodule calls the error change area characteristic value, calculates the trajectory offset adjustment amount, screens the adjustment range, determines the error fluctuation trend after correction, calculates the trajectory correction parameter, and obtains the tool trajectory error adjustment value.

[0035] As a further solution of the present invention, the tool error compensation execution module includes an error range calculation submodule, a compensation path matching submodule, and a compensation storage adjustment submodule;

[0036] The error range calculation submodule calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the error range of the machining trajectory in the differentiated cutting area and sets a threshold, screens the path segments with prominent error amplitude changes, determines the impact of error accumulation on the tool trajectory, calculates the distribution trend of the error in the differentiated machining path, analyzes the demand for compensation adjustment of the error offset, evaluates the error correction range, and obtains the trajectory error range parameter;

[0037] The compensation path matching submodule calls the trajectory error range parameter, calculates the matching condition of the compensation path, selects the area where the compensation path adjustment amplitude is large after the error correction, determines the matching degree of the compensation path, and obtains the compensation path matching parameter;

[0038] The compensation storage adjustment submodule calls the compensation path matching parameters, calculates the compensation storage unit adjustment parameters, screens key correction items, determines the impact of storage adjustment on compensation accuracy, and obtains the tool error compensation execution value.

[0039] A tool compensation method for machine tool processing comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1: Obtain real-time data from the spindle current sensor, extract the spindle speed offset value and spindle torque change, analyze the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, determine the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculate the tool force change trend, and generate the cutting load offset trend value;

[0041] S2: calling the cutting load offset trend value, obtaining temperature data, calculating the temperature rise rate, and generating the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool;

[0042] S3: calling the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool, calculating the path error, analyzing the offset trend, and generating the tool compensation path correction value;

[0043] S4: calling the tool compensation path correction value, analyzing the trajectory error trend, screening the error change area, calculating the error correction parameter, and generating the tool trajectory error adjustment value;

[0044] S5: calling the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculating the trajectory error range, determining the adaptability of the compensation path, and generating the tool error compensation execution value.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0046] In the present invention, by real-time analysis of the spindle current sensor data through cutting load monitoring, the relationship between the tool force change and the spindle speed offset is accurately identified, and a dynamic response to the tool wear state is achieved. Combined with the machine tool temperature data, the system calculates the thermal deformation amount and dynamically adjusts the compensation path, optimizes the compensation strategy to cope with the real-time impact of thermal deformation on the machining trajectory, analyzes the tool compensation path correction amount and the trajectory error trend, and the innovative solution realizes fine adjustment of the machining path. By integrating the coordinated adjustment of tool wear, machine tool thermal deformation and path error, sudden errors are effectively reduced, and the adaptability and consistency of the machining process are enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a submodule flow chart of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the cutting load monitoring module of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the machine tool thermal deformation detection module of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the tool compensation path calculation module of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the trajectory error correction module of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the tool error compensation execution module of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 The figure is a flow chart of the steps of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same. "of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0060] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0061] See also Figure 1 , a tool compensation system for machine tool processing includes:

[0062] The cutting load monitoring module obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, screens the abnormal offset points, determines the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculates the tool force change trend, and generates the cutting load offset trend value;

[0063] The machine tool thermal deformation detection module calls the cutting load offset trend value, obtains temperature data, calculates the temperature rise rate, determines the machine tool thermal deformation amount, and generates the machine tool thermal deformation influence amount;

[0064] The tool compensation path calculation module calls the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool, calculates the path error, analyzes the offset trend, calculates the compensation path correction amount, and generates the tool compensation path correction value;

[0065] The trajectory error correction module calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the trajectory error trend, screens the error change area, determines the trajectory offset amplitude, calculates the error correction parameters, and generates the tool trajectory error adjustment value;

[0066] The tool error compensation execution module calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the trajectory error range, determines the adaptability of the compensation path, adjusts the tool compensation storage unit, and generates the tool error compensation execution value.

[0067] The cutting load offset trend value includes the cutting resistance change rate, the spindle speed change amplitude, and the tool force offset ratio. The machine tool thermal deformation influence value includes the thermal expansion offset value, the temperature rise rate coefficient, and the thermal deformation influence coefficient. The tool compensation path correction value includes the path adjustment offset value, the compensation displacement correction parameter, and the processing area error compensation ratio. The tool trajectory error adjustment value includes the trajectory offset correction parameter, the processing path deformation amount, and the trajectory compensation adjustment coefficient. The tool error compensation execution value includes the compensation path storage parameter, the error correction correction amount, and the matching coefficient.

[0068] See also Figure 3 and Figure 2 ,The cutting load monitoring module includes the spindle data acquisition submodule, the cutting resistance analysis submodule, and the tool force evaluation submodule;

[0069] The spindle data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the short-term speed fluctuation range, and screens the speed mutation interval, analyzes the corresponding relationship between the torque change trend and the speed offset trend, determines the spindle load stability, calculates the spindle short-term fluctuation value, and obtains the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value;

[0070] The calculation formula of the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, ΔN represents the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis, N i represents the spindle speed at the i-th time point, represents the average value of the spindle speed, n represents the total number of sampling time points, represents the sum operation of i from 1 to n, Represents the speed deviation at a single time point, represents the sum of squares of the speed deviations, Represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of the speed changes at adjacent time points, Represents the square root operation.

[0073] Collect spindle speed data: Use a high-precision sensor to collect spindle speed data at different time points in real time. Set the sampling frequency to 10 times per second, the total sampling time to 10 seconds, and collect a total of 100 data points.

[0074] For example, the spindle speed data (unit: revolutions per minute) collected at a certain moment is:

[0075] 1498,1502,1501,1499,1503,…,1500;

[0076] Calculate the average spindle speed: Sum all the collected speed data and divide it by the total number of data points to get the average spindle speed. For example, if the sum of the 100 collected data points is 150,000 rpm, the average value is:

[0077]

[0078] Calculate the mean absolute deviation: Calculate the absolute difference between each data point and the mean, and then average those differences. For example, the absolute difference for the first five data points is:

[0079] |1498-1500|=2;

[0080] |1502-1500|=2;

[0081] |1501-1500|=1;

[0082] |1499-1500|=1;

[0083] |1503-1500|=3;

[0084] Sum the absolute differences of all 100 data points, assuming the sum is 180, then the mean absolute deviation is:

[0085]

[0086] Calculate the standard deviation: Calculate the square of the difference between each data point and the mean, then find the average of these squared differences and take the square root to get the standard deviation. For example, the squared difference of the first five data points is:

[0087] (1498-1500) 2 =4;

[0088] (1502-1500) 2 =4;

[0089] (1501-1500) 2 =1;

[0090] (1499-1500) 2 =1;

[0091] (1503-1500) 2 =9;

[0092] Sum the squared differences of all 100 data points. Assuming the sum is 200, the standard deviation is:

[0093]

[0094] Calculate the average absolute value of the difference between adjacent data points: Calculate the absolute difference between each adjacent data point, and then find the average of these differences. For example, the absolute difference between the first four sets of adjacent data points is:

[0095] |1502-1498|=4;

[0096] |1501-1502|=1;

[0097] |1499-1501|=2;

[0098] |1503-1499|=4;

[0099] Sum the absolute differences of all 99 adjacent data points. Assuming the sum is 150, the average absolute difference is:

[0100]

[0101] Calculate the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis: Add the above three results to get the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis:

[0102] ΔN=1.8+1.42+1.52=4.74 rpm;

[0103] The result shows that the short-term fluctuation value of the spindle during the sampling period is 4.74 rpm. This value reflects the stability of the spindle speed. The smaller the value, the more stable the spindle operation.

[0104] The cutting resistance analysis submodule calls the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value, calculates the influence of torque change on cutting resistance, screens out abnormal points of cutting force fluctuation, determines the load fluctuation amplitude, and obtains the cutting resistance change trend result;

[0105] First, it is necessary to obtain the spindle load fluctuation characteristic values ​​output by the previous module. These values ​​include the change data of the torque and speed of the spindle during operation. The cutting resistance analysis module uses these data to calculate the specific impact of torque changes on cutting resistance. The calculation of cutting resistance can be estimated by associating the torque data with known cutting parameters (such as tool diameter, cutting depth, etc.). Next, the system analyzes the cutting force fluctuation. By calculating the standard deviation and variance of the continuous sampling data, it screens out the fluctuation anomalies, that is, those data points whose fluctuation values ​​exceed the normal range (set threshold). This process is crucial for preventing tool wear and optimizing cutting parameters. Through the identification of these anomalies, the system can further determine the amplitude of load fluctuations and provide real-time adjustment suggestions for machine operation, such as adjusting the tool feed speed or cutting depth to reduce load fluctuations. Finally, the system obtains the cutting resistance change trend result. This result is obtained by associating torque changes with cutting force fluctuations, reflecting the interactive effect of torque and cutting resistance in the cutting process, and providing a key adjustment basis for mechanical operation, thereby optimizing the overall performance and cutting efficiency of the machine.

[0106] The tool force evaluation submodule calls the cutting resistance change trend result, calculates the tool force change rate, screens the cutting force mutation point, determines the tool offset area, and obtains the cutting load offset trend value;

[0107] First, the cutting resistance change trend data from the cutting resistance analysis module is received. These data provide the force changes of the tool during the cutting process. The tool force evaluation module uses these data to calculate the tool force change rate. This calculation process involves time derivative analysis of the force data, that is, evaluating the force rate by calculating the rate of change of force at consecutive time points. This is extremely important for predicting tool wear and failure. After that, the system performs a detailed analysis of the cutting force. By screening the force data points, it identifies those mutation points, that is, the time points when the force suddenly changes. These mutation points often indicate possible tool failure or inappropriate cutting conditions. Further, the system determines the tool offset area, which involves comparing the force data of the mutation point with the preset working range of the tool to determine whether there is an offset phenomenon. Finally, the system obtains the cutting load offset trend value, which is obtained by analyzing the relationship between the tool force mutation point and the cutting parameters (such as tool speed and feed rate), reflecting the tool force offset trend under specific cutting conditions. These data provide an important basis for adjusting the tool configuration and optimizing the cutting process, helping to improve cutting efficiency and tool life.

[0108] See also Figure 4 and Figure 2 ,The machine tool thermal deformation detection module includes a temperature data acquisition submodule, a temperature rise rate calculation submodule, and a thermal deformation analysis submodule;

[0109] The temperature data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle, guide rail, and worktable temperature sensors based on the cutting load offset trend value, extracts the temperature change value of the components, calculates the temperature fluctuation range of the time interval, screens the working condition data with a large temperature change rate, determines the temperature fluctuation trend, calculates the time distribution characteristics of the temperature change, analyzes the influence of heat transfer on the machine tool structure, and obtains the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components;

[0110] First, initialize data acquisition and collect the current temperature values ​​of the temperature sensors of the spindle, guide rails, and worktable. For example, at a specific time point, the temperature of the spindle is 30°C, the guide rail is 28°C, and the worktable is 29°C. Then the system records data at a certain time interval (such as every 5 minutes) to capture the instant change of temperature. By comparing two consecutive temperature readings, the system can calculate the temperature change value during this period. For example, the temperature of the spindle rises from 30°C to 32°C, and the change value is 2°C. The calculation formula for this change is:

[0111] ΔT component =T component,t2 -T component,t1 ;

[0112] Among them, T component,t1 and T component,t2 These are the temperature readings at time t1 and t2 respectively. The system will record this change and continue to monitor the temperature changes of the rails and the workbench. The temperature changes of the rails and the workbench are 1°C and 1.5°C respectively. The system stores these temperature change values ​​and performs subsequent processing. Then the system calculates the temperature fluctuation range based on the temperature change values, that is, the highest and lowest temperature differences of each component within this time interval. The calculation formula is:

[0113] ΔT range =max(T component )-min(T component );

[0114] For example, if the maximum temperature of the spindle is 35°C and the minimum temperature is 30°C, the fluctuation range is 5°C. The fluctuation range of the guide rail and the worktable is calculated accordingly. This fluctuation range information is used for further analysis. The system selects the working condition data with a large temperature change rate, that is, finds the data point where the temperature change rate exceeds the set threshold, and calculates the temperature change rate V T The formula is:

[0115]

[0116] If the threshold V is set thresh The temperature rise rate of the spindle at a certain point in time reaches 3°C / 5 minutes, exceeding this threshold, and the system marks this data point as abnormal. Such screening helps identify possible mechanical failures or abnormal operating conditions. The system then calculates the time distribution characteristics of temperature changes and analyzes the impact of heat transfer on the machine tool structure. This includes time series analysis of temperature data, detection of temperature peaks, troughs and their time points of occurrence, and periodic characteristics of temperature changes. For example, the analysis shows that the temperature of the spindle rises faster between 10 am and 2 pm on weekdays, which may correspond to the high-load working cycle of the machine tool. Finally, the system obtains the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components. These parameters provide basic data and basis for subsequent optimization and adjustment.

[0117] The temperature rise rate calculation submodule calls the temperature change parameters of machine tool components, calculates the temperature rise rates of the spindle, guide rails, and worktable, screens abnormal temperature rise points, determines the local temperature change trend of the machine tool, and obtains the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool;

[0118] First, the temperature change parameters obtained from the temperature data acquisition submodule are used to calculate the temperature rise rate of each component. For example, the temperature rise rate of the spindle under specific working conditions is 0.1°C per minute, the guide rail is 0.05°C per minute, and the workbench is 0.07°C per minute. Next, the system analyzes these temperature rise rate data to screen out abnormal temperature rise points. For example, if the temperature rise rate of the spindle suddenly increases to 0.3°C per minute, the system will mark this data point as abnormal. The detection of such abnormal points helps to identify equipment failures or improper operations at an early stage. The system then determines the trend of local temperature changes in the machine tool, which includes time series analysis of the temperature rise rate and identifying the trend of changes in the temperature rise rate, such as whether it shows periodic changes or sudden increases and decreases, thereby revealing potential mechanical performance problems or working modes that need to be adjusted. The system ultimately obtains the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool.

[0119] The thermal deformation analysis submodule calls the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool, calculates the thermal expansion of each component of the machine tool, screens the thermal deformation trend, determines the impact of thermal deformation on the processing error, and obtains the thermal deformation impact of the machine tool;

[0120] First, the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool obtained from the temperature rise rate calculation submodule are used to calculate the thermal expansion of each component. For example, after the spindle has been working for one hour, its thermal expansion is calculated to be 0.02 mm, the guide rail is 0.01 mm, and the worktable is 0.015 mm based on its temperature rise rate and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material. Next, the system screens out the trend of thermal deformation, that is, analyzes the time series of these thermal expansion amounts, and identifies the pattern and trend of thermal deformation, such as whether the thermal expansion increases linearly with the increase of random operating time, or increases significantly under specific conditions. This trend analysis helps to predict and adjust the use of the machine tool to avoid excessive thermal deformation. The system further determines the impact of thermal deformation on processing errors, such as calculating the dimensional deviation of parts processed by the machine tool under different thermal expansion amounts. For example, when the thermal expansion amount is 0.02 mm, the part size may be 0.005 mm larger, which is particularly important for precision processing. The system finally obtains the impact of thermal deformation on the machine tool.

[0121] See also Figure 5 and Figure 2 ,The tool compensation path calculation module includes a path error calculation submodule, an offset trend analysis submodule, and a compensation path correction submodule;

[0122] The path error calculation submodule calls the influence of machine tool thermal deformation, calculates the error distribution of each position in the machining path, analyzes the change trend of the error value in the cutting area, screens the area with prominent error amplitude, determines the degree of error deviation within the workpiece contour range, calculates the change rate of machining trajectory error in the differentiated cutting stage, evaluates the impact of error accumulation on the tool path, and obtains the machining path error parameters;

[0123] First, the thermal deformation data of the machine tool is obtained. This data comes from the temperature sensor, structural strain sensor or laser interferometer measurement data during the operation of the machine tool, and a mapping relationship between thermal deformation and position error is established. Then, according to the distribution of the coordinate points of the machining path, the thermal deformation influence amount is called point by point, and the error amount of each coordinate point in the machining path is calculated. The error amount is calculated by converting the thermal deformation data of the machine tool into a spatial displacement vector, and projecting it to the machining path direction using the coordinate transformation method, and compensating the error data at the path point using the numerical interpolation method. Then, the error distribution is statistically analyzed, the changing trend of the error value in the cutting area is calculated, the range, median and standard deviation of the error data are statistically calculated, and the error curve is established using the trend fitting method, and then the stability of the error in different cutting areas is analyzed, and the area where the error amplitude exceeds the set threshold is screened. The value is determined according to the machining accuracy requirements. For example, if the accuracy error is set not to exceed 0.01mm, the area where the error amplitude is greater than this value needs to be further screened. Subsequently, the degree of error deviation within the workpiece contour range is determined. The specific method is to calculate the projection length of the error direction vector on the workpiece contour boundary and determine its relative position. If the error deviation exceeds the allowable error boundary of the workpiece, the error exceeding the limit in this area is recorded. Finally, the rate of change of the machining trajectory error in the differentiated cutting stage is calculated. The calculation uses the time step discretization method to express the machining path error change rate as the ratio of the error increment to the cutting time increment, and the error growth rate in different cutting stages is statistically analyzed. Finally, the impact of error accumulation on the tool path is evaluated, and the error growth rate of each stage is comprehensively considered to determine the error change rate of the machining path at different stages, and obtain the machining path error parameters.

[0124] The offset trend analysis submodule calls the machining path error parameters, calculates the error offset direction, screens the path area with obvious offset trend, determines the machining path adjustment requirements, and obtains the path offset trend characteristics;

[0125] First, obtain the machining path error data, which comes from the machining path error distribution calculated in the previous module, and analyze the offset direction of the error on the machining path. The specific method is to calculate the direction angle of the error vector and compare it with the main cutting direction of the machining path, and screen the path area with obvious error offset trend. The screening standard is based on whether the angle between the error direction vector and the main direction of the path exceeds the set threshold. For example, if the angle threshold is set to 10°, the path area with an angle exceeding this range is screened out. Then, determine the need for machining path adjustment. The specific method is to analyze whether the screened path area is close to the workpiece contour boundary. If the offset trend causes the error to enter the workpiece contour tolerance range, it is determined that the path needs to be adjusted. Finally, the feature includes the error offset direction, the offset amplitude change rate, and the stability of the offset trend. The method for calculating the offset direction change rate is to perform time step differentiation on the error vector angle and count its change rate. The method for calculating the offset amplitude change rate is to perform time step differentiation on the error vector modulus. After combining various parameters, the path offset trend feature is obtained.

[0126] The compensation path correction submodule calls the path deviation trend feature, calculates the compensation path adjustment amplitude, determines the error distribution after the compensation path correction, calculates the compensation displacement value after adjustment, and obtains the tool compensation path correction value;

[0127] The calculation formula of the adjusted compensation displacement value is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Among them, ΔP c Represents the compensation displacement value after adjustment, P c,j represents the compensation path offset of the jth correction point, P c,j-1 Represents the compensation path offset of the previous correction point, represents the average value of the compensation path offset of all correction points, m represents the total number of compensation path correction points, and W c,j Represents the weight coefficient of the jth correction point.

[0130] This formula is used to calculate the adjusted compensation displacement value ΔP c , which consists of three parts. The first part is the mean absolute deviation, which indicates the average change of the compensation path offset between adjacent correction points. The second part is the standard deviation, which measures the discreteness of the compensation path offset of all correction points. The third part is the weighted average offset, which takes into account the weight of each correction point and calculates the weighted average compensation path offset.

[0131] Compensation path offset P c,jThe deviation between the actual machining path and the theoretical path of the tool is monitored in real time and data is collected. The total number of correction points m is determined by the number of correction points selected on the machining path. Average compensation path offset It is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the compensation path offset of all correction points. Weight coefficient W c,j The correction points are set according to the importance or processing conditions of each correction point, and are related to factors such as processing speed and tool wear.

[0132] Set the compensation path offset P of 5 correction points c,1 =0.10 mm, P c,2 =0.15 mm, P c,3 =0.12 mm, P c,4 =0.18 mm, P c,5 =0.14 mm. Corresponding weight coefficient W c,1 =1.0,W c,2 =0.8,W c,3 =1.2,W c,4 =1.0,W c,5 =0.9.

[0133] Calculate the mean absolute deviation:

[0134] |P c,2 -P c,1 |=|0.15-0.10|=0.05;

[0135] |P c,3 -P c,2 |=|0.12-0.15|=0.03;

[0136] |P c,4 -P c,3 |=|0.18-0.12|=0.06;

[0137] |P c,5 -P c,4 |=|0.14-0.18|=0.04;

[0138]

[0139] Calculate the average compensated path offset:

[0140]

[0141] Calculate the standard deviation:

[0142]

[0143] Calculate the weighted average offset:

[0144] Wc,1 ·P c,1 =1.0×0.10=0.10;

[0145] W c,2 ·P c,2 =0.8×0.15=0.12;

[0146] W c,3 ·P c,3 =1.2×0.12=0.144;

[0147] W c,4 ·P c,4 =1.0×0.18=0.18;

[0148] W c,5 ·P c,5 =0.9×0.14=0.126;

[0149]

[0150] Calculate the adjusted compensation displacement value ΔP c :

[0151] ΔP c =0.045+0.027-0.137≈-0.065;

[0152] The result shows that the current adjusted compensation displacement value is -0.065 mm, indicating that the tool path needs to be corrected accordingly.

[0153] See also Figure 6 and Figure 2 ,The trajectory error correction module includes an error trend analysis submodule, an error region screening submodule, and a trajectory offset adjustment submodule;

[0154] The error trend analysis submodule calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the error change trend of the machining path, calculates the fluctuation range of the error value in the differentiated cutting area, selects the path segments with faster error accumulation rate, determines the impact of error change on machining accuracy, calculates the error offset direction and path adjustment requirements, evaluates the trajectory error correction requirements, and obtains trajectory error trend parameters;

[0155] First, the correction value of the tool compensation path is collected and input. This data is based on previous processing experience or initial settings. Then the system monitors the error data in the processing process in real time and uses standard deviation and mean calculation methods to perform statistical analysis on the error data. For example, if a mechanical part is processed on a CNC machine tool, the system will record the deviation between the path of each tool and the preset path in real time. These data are then used to generate an error trend graph. This analysis helps identify whether the error fluctuation in a specific cutting area exceeds the set threshold. For example, the threshold is set to an error of ±0.05mm. Once a trend exceeding this threshold is detected, the system automatically marks these areas and then selects areas with a higher error accumulation rate from these data. The fastest path segment is usually achieved by comparing the error growth rate of several consecutive measurement points. If the error growth rate of a certain path segment is significantly higher than that of other areas, for example, the error increases by 0.01mm per degree of rotation, the system believes that this path segment needs to be corrected as a priority. Then, based on these analysis results, the system calculates the error offset direction of each marked area, which involves geometrically comparing the actual processing trajectory with the ideal trajectory to find the optimal path adjustment strategy. Finally, the system combines all these data and analysis, evaluates the overall trajectory error correction needs, and generates trajectory error trend parameters, which will be used for the next path adjustment or when formulating new processing strategies to ensure that the processing accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0156] The error area screening submodule calls the trajectory error trend parameters, calculates the error distribution characteristics, screens the areas with prominent error changes, determines the accumulation of errors in the path segments, and obtains the characteristic values ​​of the error change areas;

[0157] The system receives trajectory error trend parameters from the error trend analysis submodule. These parameters provide preliminary data on error distribution, such as average error and maximum error. Based on these parameters, the system conducts more in-depth statistical analysis to depict the specific distribution characteristics of the errors. For example, by calculating the standard deviation of the errors of each path segment, the system can identify which areas have error fluctuations beyond the normal range. The standard deviation threshold is set to ±0.02mm to determine which areas have significant error changes. The system then screens out these areas with prominent error changes, especially those where the errors increase rapidly in several consecutive measurement intervals, such as the error of three consecutive path segments jumping from 0.01mm to 0.04mm. These areas are marked as high-risk areas that require special attention. Subsequently, the system evaluates the cumulative errors of these marked areas throughout the entire processing process. By comparing the growth trends of the cumulative errors of each area, the system determines which areas have cumulative errors that may cause the size of the final product to exceed the allowable tolerance. Finally, through these analyses, the system obtains the characteristic values ​​of the error change areas. These characteristic values ​​provide a basis for subsequent error adjustments to ensure that each processing step can be carried out within the error control range.

[0158] The trajectory offset adjustment submodule calls the error change area characteristic value, calculates the trajectory offset adjustment amount, screens the adjustment range, determines the error fluctuation trend after correction, calculates the trajectory correction parameters, and obtains the tool trajectory error adjustment value;

[0159] First, the error change area feature values ​​passed in from the error area screening submodule are used. These feature values ​​include the maximum error and error growth trend of a specific area. Based on these data, the system calculates the required trajectory offset adjustment. For example, if the maximum error detected in an area is 0.05mm and the target error is 0.01mm, the adjustment amount is calculated as the error that needs to be reduced by 0.04mm. Then the system screens out the range that needs to be adjusted, which involves evaluating the entire processing path and deciding which specific path segments to adjust, giving priority to key areas where errors accumulate quickly and affect product accuracy. Subsequently, the system simulates the corrected error fluctuation trend and verifies the effectiveness of the adjustment strategy by calculating the expected error change. If the simulation results show that the adjusted error can be stabilized within the target range, such as the error control within ±0.02mm, the adjustment strategy is considered to be effective. Finally, the system calculates the final trajectory correction parameters based on these analyses and generates error adjustment values ​​for the tool trajectory. These adjustment values ​​are then applied to the control system of the CNC machine tool to achieve precise tool path adjustment and ensure the improvement of processing quality and accuracy.

[0160] See also Figure 7 and Figure 2 ,The tool error compensation execution module includes an error range calculation submodule, a compensation path matching submodule, and a compensation storage adjustment submodule;

[0161] The error range calculation submodule calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the error range of the machining trajectory in the differentiated cutting area and sets the threshold, screens the path segments with prominent error amplitude changes, determines the impact of error accumulation on the tool trajectory, calculates the distribution trend of the error in the differentiated machining path, analyzes the demand for compensation adjustment of error offset, evaluates the error correction range, and obtains the trajectory error range parameters;

[0162] First, the system obtains the tool trajectory error adjustment value, which comes from the previous correction data of the tool path deviation. Then, the system divides the processing trajectory into different cutting areas and calculates the error range for each area. Specifically, the system determines the error value of each area by comparing the difference between the actual tool path and the expected path. For example, in a specific cutting area, the system measures that the actual path deviates from the expected path by 0.03 mm. Then, the system sets an error threshold for each area, which is determined based on the processing accuracy requirements and historical data. For example, the error threshold is set to 0.02 mm. The system then screens out path segments with prominent error amplitude changes, that is, those areas where the error exceeds the set threshold. Then, the system evaluates the accumulation of errors in these path segments and determines their impact on the tool trajectory. For example, if the error of a path segment continues to accumulate, it may lead to dimensional deviation of the final product. The system further analyzes the distribution trend of errors in different processing paths and determines in which areas the errors are mainly concentrated. Finally, the system evaluates the need for compensation adjustment for error offset, determines the range of compensation adjustment required, and finally obtains the trajectory error range parameters.

[0163] The compensation path matching submodule calls the trajectory error range parameter, calculates the matching of the compensation path, selects the area with a large adjustment range of the compensation path after error correction, determines the matching degree of the compensation path, and obtains the compensation path matching parameters;

[0164] First, the system obtains the trajectory error range parameter, which provides the error information of each path segment. Then, the system calculates the matching of the compensation path. Specifically, the preset compensation path is compared with the actual processing path to evaluate the difference between the two. For example, if the deviation between the preset compensation path and the actual path is 0.01 mm, the system records it. Then, the system screens out the areas with large compensation path adjustment after error correction, that is, those areas that need significant adjustment of the compensation path. Then, the system judges the matching degree of the compensation path and determines whether the current compensation path meets the processing accuracy requirements. Finally, the system obtains the compensation path matching parameters based on the above analysis, which are used to guide subsequent compensation path optimization.

[0165] The compensation storage adjustment submodule calls the compensation path matching parameters, calculates the compensation storage unit adjustment parameters, screens the key correction items, determines the impact of the storage adjustment on the compensation accuracy, and obtains the tool error compensation execution value;

[0166] In the above content, the compensation storage unit adjustment parameters are calculated according to the formula:

[0167]

[0168] Calculate adjustment parameters for the compensation storage unit.

[0169] Wherein, P represents the compensation storage unit adjustment parameter, E represents the error value, C represents the compensation coefficient, and T represents time.

[0170] During the machining process, the error value E is obtained by real-time monitoring of the deviation between the tool trajectory and the expected trajectory. For example, the error detected at a certain moment is 0.04 mm. The compensation coefficient C is determined based on the compensation capability of the equipment and historical data, for example, it is set to 1.5. Time T is the system response time, for example, it is set to 2 seconds. Substituting these values ​​into the formula, the calculation is:

[0171]

[0172] The result shows that the compensation storage unit needs to be adjusted at a rate of 0.03 mm per second to correct the detected error. Subsequently, the system screens the key correction items, determines the impact of the storage adjustment on the compensation accuracy, and finally obtains the tool error compensation execution value.

[0173] See also Figure 8 , a tool compensation method for machine tool processing, comprising the following steps:

[0174] S1: Obtain real-time data from the spindle current sensor, extract the spindle speed offset value and spindle torque change, analyze the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, determine the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculate the tool force change trend, and generate the cutting load offset trend value;

[0175] S2: Call the cutting load offset trend value, obtain temperature data, calculate the temperature rise rate, and generate the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool;

[0176] S3: Call the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool, calculate the path error, analyze the offset trend, and generate the tool compensation path correction value;

[0177] S4: Call the tool compensation path correction value, analyze the trajectory error trend, screen the error change area, calculate the error correction parameter, and generate the tool trajectory error adjustment value;

[0178] S5: Call the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculate the trajectory error range, determine the adaptability of the compensation path, and generate the tool error compensation execution value.

[0179] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tool compensation system for machine tool processing, characterized in that: The system comprises: The cutting load monitoring module obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, screens the abnormal offset points, determines the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculates the tool force change trend, and generates the cutting load offset trend value; The machine tool thermal deformation detection module calls the cutting load offset trend value, obtains temperature data, calculates the temperature rise rate, determines the machine tool thermal deformation amount, and generates the machine tool thermal deformation influence amount; The tool compensation path calculation module calls the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool, calculates the path error, analyzes the offset trend, calculates the compensation path correction amount, and generates the tool compensation path correction value; The trajectory error correction module calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the trajectory error trend, screens the error change area, determines the trajectory offset amplitude, calculates the error correction parameter, and generates the tool trajectory error adjustment value; The tool error compensation execution module calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the trajectory error range, determines the adaptability of the compensation path, adjusts the tool compensation storage unit, and generates the tool error compensation execution value.

2. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting load offset trend value includes the cutting resistance change rate, the spindle speed change amplitude, and the tool force offset ratio; the machine tool thermal deformation influence value includes the thermal expansion offset value, the temperature rise rate coefficient, and the thermal deformation influence coefficient; the tool compensation path correction value includes the path adjustment offset value, the compensation displacement correction parameter, and the processing area error compensation ratio; the tool trajectory error adjustment value includes the trajectory offset correction parameter, the processing path deformation amount, and the trajectory compensation adjustment coefficient; the tool error compensation execution value includes the compensation path storage parameter, the error correction correction amount, and the matching coefficient.

3. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting load monitoring module includes a spindle data acquisition submodule, a cutting resistance analysis submodule, and a tool force evaluation submodule; The spindle data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle current sensor, extracts the spindle speed offset value and the spindle torque change, analyzes the short-term speed fluctuation range, and screens the speed mutation interval, analyzes the corresponding relationship between the torque change trend and the speed offset trend, determines the spindle load stability, calculates the load change rate, and obtains the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value; The cutting resistance analysis submodule calls the spindle load fluctuation characteristic value, calculates the influence of torque change on cutting resistance, screens out abnormal points of cutting force fluctuation, determines the load fluctuation amplitude, and obtains the cutting resistance change trend result; The tool force evaluation submodule calls the cutting resistance change trend result, calculates the tool force change rate, screens the cutting force mutation point, determines the tool offset area, and obtains the cutting load offset trend value.

4. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis is specifically: Among them, ΔN represents the short-term fluctuation value of the main axis, N i represents the spindle speed at the i-th time point, represents the average value of the spindle speed, n represents the total number of sampling time points, represents the sum operation of i from 1 to n, Represents the speed deviation at a single time point, represents the sum of squares of the speed deviation values, Represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of the speed changes at adjacent time points, Represents the square root operation.

5. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool thermal deformation detection module includes a temperature data acquisition submodule, a temperature rise rate calculation submodule, and a thermal deformation analysis submodule; The temperature data acquisition submodule obtains the real-time data of the spindle, guide rail, and worktable temperature sensors based on the cutting load offset trend value, extracts the temperature change value of the components, calculates the temperature fluctuation range of the time interval, screens the working condition data with a large temperature change rate, determines the temperature fluctuation trend, calculates the time distribution characteristics of the temperature change, analyzes the influence of heat transfer on the machine tool structure, and obtains the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components; The temperature rise rate calculation submodule calls the temperature change parameters of the machine tool components, calculates the temperature rise rates of the spindle, guide rails, and worktable, screens abnormal temperature rise points, determines the local temperature change trend of the machine tool, and obtains the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool; The thermal deformation analysis submodule calls the temperature rise rate distribution characteristics of the machine tool, calculates the thermal expansion of each component of the machine tool, screens the thermal deformation trend, determines the influence of thermal deformation on the processing error, and obtains the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool.

6. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool compensation path calculation module includes a path error calculation submodule, an offset trend analysis submodule, and a compensation path correction submodule; The path error calculation submodule calls the thermal deformation influence of the machine tool, calculates the error distribution of each position of the machining path, analyzes the change trend of the error value in the cutting area, screens the area with prominent error amplitude, determines the degree of error deviation within the workpiece contour range, calculates the change rate of the machining trajectory error in the differentiated cutting stage, evaluates the influence of error accumulation on the tool path, and obtains the machining path error parameter; The offset trend analysis submodule calls the machining path error parameters, calculates the error offset direction, screens the path area with obvious offset trend, determines the machining path adjustment requirements, and obtains the path offset trend characteristics; The compensation path correction submodule calls the path deviation trend feature, calculates the compensation path adjustment amplitude, determines the error distribution after the compensation path correction, calculates the compensation displacement value after adjustment, and obtains the tool compensation path correction value.

7. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the adjusted compensation displacement value is specifically: Among them, ΔP c Represents the compensation displacement value after adjustment, P c,j represents the compensation path offset of the jth correction point, P c,j-1 Represents the compensation path offset of the previous correction point, represents the average value of the compensation path offset of all correction points, m represents the total number of compensation path correction points, and W c,j Represents the weight coefficient of the jth correction point.

8. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trajectory error correction module includes an error trend analysis submodule, an error region screening submodule, and a trajectory offset adjustment submodule; The error trend analysis submodule calls the tool compensation path correction value, analyzes the error change trend of the machining path, calculates the fluctuation range of the error value in the differentiated cutting area, selects the path segment with a faster error accumulation rate, determines the impact of the error change on the machining accuracy, calculates the error offset direction and path adjustment requirements, evaluates the trajectory error correction requirements, and obtains the trajectory error trend parameters; The error area screening submodule calls the trajectory error trend parameter, calculates the error distribution characteristics, screens the area with prominent error changes, determines the accumulation of errors in the path segment, and obtains the characteristic value of the error change area; The trajectory offset adjustment submodule calls the error change area characteristic value, calculates the trajectory offset adjustment amount, screens the adjustment range, determines the error fluctuation trend after correction, calculates the trajectory correction parameter, and obtains the tool trajectory error adjustment value.

9. The tool compensation system for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool error compensation execution module includes an error range calculation submodule, a compensation path matching submodule, and a compensation storage adjustment submodule; The error range calculation submodule calls the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculates the error range of the machining trajectory in the differentiated cutting area and sets a threshold, screens the path segments with prominent error amplitude changes, determines the impact of error accumulation on the tool trajectory, calculates the distribution trend of the error in the differentiated machining path, analyzes the demand for compensation adjustment of the error offset, evaluates the error correction range, and obtains the trajectory error range parameter; The compensation path matching submodule calls the trajectory error range parameter, calculates the matching condition of the compensation path, selects the area where the compensation path adjustment amplitude is large after the error correction, determines the matching degree of the compensation path, and obtains the compensation path matching parameter; The compensation storage adjustment submodule calls the compensation path matching parameters, calculates the compensation storage unit adjustment parameters, screens key correction items, determines the impact of storage adjustment on compensation accuracy, and obtains the tool error compensation execution value.

10. A tool compensation method for machine tool processing, characterized in that: According to any one of claims 1 to 9, a tool compensation system for machine tool processing is implemented, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain real-time data from the spindle current sensor, extract the spindle speed offset value and spindle torque change, analyze the correlation between the cutting resistance change and the spindle speed offset, determine the impact of the tool sharpness on the cutting load, calculate the tool force change trend, and generate the cutting load offset trend value; S2: calling the cutting load offset trend value, obtaining temperature data, calculating the temperature rise rate, and generating the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool; S3: calling the thermal deformation influence amount of the machine tool, calculating the path error, analyzing the offset trend, and generating the tool compensation path correction value; S4: calling the tool compensation path correction value, analyzing the trajectory error trend, screening the error change area, calculating the error correction parameter, and generating the tool trajectory error adjustment value; S5: calling the tool trajectory error adjustment value, calculating the trajectory error range, determining the adaptability of the compensation path, and generating the tool error compensation execution value.

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