Mechanical touch type automatic bottom door opening and closing device and unloading system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical touch type automatic bottom door opening and closing device and an unloading system.The automatic bottom door opening and closing device comprises a vehicle-mounted mechanism and a ground mechanism, the vehicle-mounted mechanism is arranged on a hopper car and used for driving a bottom door to be opened and closed, the vehicle-mounted mechanism comprises a door opening driving end and a door closing driving end, and the ground mechanism is arranged on the ground and provided with a moving end; according to the mechanical touch type automatic bottom door opening and closing device, the vehicle-mounted mechanism replaces a manual mechanism to operate opening and closing of the bottom door, the ground mechanism is arranged nearby a discharging interval, the vehicle-mounted mechanism is arranged on the ground, the vehicle-mounted mechanism is arranged on the ground, and the vehicle-mounted mechanism is arranged on the ground. When the vehicle passes through, the door opening driving end of the vehicle-mounted mechanism makes contact with the ground mechanism to open the bottom door, then the vehicle continues to run, after unloading is completed, the door closing driving end makes contact with the ground mechanism to close the bottom door, the bottom door does not need to be manually opened and closed, and the bottom door can be automatically opened and closed in place only by ensuring that the vehicle runs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway freight cars, and more specifically, relates to a mechanical touch-type automatic opening and closing bottom door device and a cargo unloading system. Background Art

[0002] The traditional railway ore hopper car needs to open the bottom door when unloading. The bulk cargo slides out through the opened bottom door under its own gravity and flows into the unloading pit. The opening and closing method of the bottom door mostly uses the manual control valve installed on the vehicle itself to control the pressure air of the vehicle-mounted air storage cylinder to enter the front cover end or the rear cover end of the two-way cylinder, and control the bellows rod to extend or retract, so that the bottom door can be opened or closed. However, when the vehicle has no air supply source or a component failure in the air control system or a leakage occurs between the pipe connections, the vehicle-mounted control valve cannot be used to open and close the bottom door. At this time, the pure manual door opening mechanism reserved by the vehicle must be used to open and close the bottom door. The existing vehicle-mounted control valve is used to control the air control device to open and close the bottom door, which has the following problems:

[0003] 1. The wind-controlled unloading system controlled by the vehicle-mounted operating valve is composed of various control valves and shut-off valves. The main components of the system are castings. In order to facilitate the unloading operation, they are basically exposed to the outside. When used for a long time in a humid and dusty environment, the outer surface of the accessories will rust. The rusted valve handle is very difficult to turn under the long-term impact of dust. Some control valve handles cannot be turned, which affects the normal unloading of the vehicle.

[0004] 2. The vehicle-mounted control valve handle needs to be manually operated by the operator to open and close the bottom door. When unloading in cold areas, the outer surface temperature of the metal handle is extremely low. Due to the good thermal conductivity of cast iron, the metal handle is very cold to the hand, which brings great trouble to the operator.

[0005] 3. When opening and closing the bottom door to unload, the vehicle-mounted control valve requires the operator to get on the vehicle and pull the handle to operate, which is labor-intensive, relatively inefficient, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device to solve the problem of the difficulty of existing manual operation in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device, comprising:

[0008] A vehicle-mounted mechanism, which is arranged on the hopper car and is used to drive the bottom door to open and close, and the vehicle-mounted mechanism includes a door opening drive end and a door closing drive end;

[0009] A ground mechanism is arranged on the ground, and the ground mechanism is provided with a mobile end, and the mobile end can approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism, and when the mobile end approaches the vehicle-mounted mechanism, it can trigger the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end.

[0010] Optionally, the ground mechanism includes:

[0011] A contact plate, the contact plate being used to contact the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end;

[0012] An action mechanism, wherein the action mechanism is arranged on the ground, the contact plate is arranged at an action end of the action mechanism, thereby forming the moving end, and the action mechanism can control the contact plate to approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism;

[0013] A control mechanism is connected to the action mechanism, and the control mechanism is provided with a communication module.

[0014] Optionally, the action mechanism includes:

[0015] A telescopic cylinder, wherein the telescopic cylinder is arranged horizontally;

[0016] A guide plate, wherein a guide column is inserted into the guide plate, the contact plate is arranged at one end of the guide column close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism, and the other end of the guide column is connected to the telescopic cylinder.

[0017] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted mechanism includes:

[0018] An air storage cylinder is arranged on the hopper car, and is connected to the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder through the air-controlled two-position five-way valve. Switching the first position and the second position of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve can control the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder to open and close the door;

[0019] At least one two-position three-way valve for opening the door and at least one two-position three-way valve for closing the door, the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door are arranged in parallel, and the operating ends of the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door are the opening drive end and the closing drive end respectively;

[0020] The air storage cylinder switches the first position and the second position of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve through the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door.

[0021] Optionally, the door-opening two-position three-way valve and the door-closing two-position three-way valve are respectively self-resetting two-position three-way valves.

[0022] Optionally, two of the door-opening two-position three-way valves are arranged in series, and the two door-opening two-position three-way valves are in contact with the ground mechanism respectively and act synchronously.

[0023] Optionally, a pressure plate is hinged on the door-opening two-position three-way valve, and a roller cooperating with the contact plate is provided at one end of the pressure plate, and the roller is rollingly connected to the contact plate to squeeze the operating end of the door-opening two-position three-way valve.

[0024] Optionally, the air inlet of the air storage cylinder is connected to the train pipe through an air supply adjustment valve and a combined dust collector in sequence.

[0025] Optionally, the ground mechanism is provided with one, and the door opening driving end and the door closing driving end contact the ground mechanism in sequence at intervals;

[0026] Or the ground mechanisms are provided with two, and the two ground mechanisms are used in conjunction with the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end respectively.

[0027] The present invention also provides a railway ore hopper car unloading system, comprising the above-mentioned mechanical touch type automatic opening and closing bottom door device;

[0028] There are multiple vehicle-mounted mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on different vehicles;

[0029] At least one ground mechanism is provided, and each of the vehicle-mounted mechanisms shares the ground mechanism.

[0030] The present invention provides a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device uses a vehicle-mounted mechanism instead of a manual mechanism to operate the opening and closing of the bottom door. The ground mechanism is arranged near the unloading area. When a vehicle passes by, the door opening drive end of the vehicle-mounted mechanism contacts the ground mechanism to open the bottom door, and then the vehicle continues to drive. When the unloading is completed, the door closing drive end contacts the ground mechanism to close the bottom door. There is no need to open and close the bottom door manually. The bottom door can be opened and closed automatically by simply ensuring that the vehicle is moving.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure 2A structural schematic diagram showing the triggering state of a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a ground mechanism of a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the principle of the door opening state of the vehicle-mounted mechanism of the mechanical touch-type automatic opening and closing bottom door device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the door opening state of a vehicle-mounted mechanism of a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted mechanism of a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 7 The mechanical touch type automatic opening and closing bottom door device according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 Side view of.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Ground mechanism; 2. Vehicle-mounted mechanism; 3. Roller;

[0043] 11. Control mechanism; 12. Telescopic cylinder; 13. Guide plate; 14. Contact plate;

[0044] 21. Air storage cylinder; 22. Air-controlled two-position five-way valve; 23. Two-way air cylinder for opening and closing the bottom door; 24. Two-position three-way valve for opening the door; 25. Two-position three-way valve for closing the door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0046] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device comprises:

[0047] The vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 is arranged on the hopper car and is used to drive the bottom door to open and close. The vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 includes a door opening drive end and a door closing drive end;

[0048] The ground mechanism 1 is arranged on the ground and is provided with a mobile end, which can approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2. When the mobile end approaches the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2, it can trigger the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end.

[0049] Specifically, the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 is installed with the vehicle, and the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 replaces the manual mechanism to operate the opening and closing of the bottom door. The ground mechanism 1 is installed near the unloading area. When the vehicle passes, the door opening drive end of the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 contacts the ground mechanism 1 to open the bottom door, and then the vehicle continues to drive. When the unloading is completed, the door closing drive end contacts the ground mechanism 1 to close the bottom door. There is no need to open and close the bottom door manually. It only needs to ensure that the vehicle is driving to automatically open and close the bottom door. At the same time, when the vehicle is not unloading, the ground mechanism 1 and the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 will avoid each other, and at the same time, it can avoid the accidental touch of the door opening drive end or the door closing drive end, and avoid the danger of the ground mechanism 1 invading the vehicle limit or the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 exposing the vehicle limit.

[0050] Furthermore, the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end are arranged at different horizontal heights on the same side of the vehicle, and the corresponding ground mechanisms 1 are also arranged at different heights to avoid mutual interference or accidental contact of the corresponding ground mechanisms 1;

[0051] When the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end are arranged on the opposite sides of the vehicle, the ground mechanisms 1 corresponding to each other will not interfere with each other, and at this time, the heights can be the same or different.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ground mechanism 1 includes:

[0053] A contact plate 14, the contact plate 14 is used to contact the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end;

[0054] The action mechanism is arranged on the ground, and the contact plate 14 is arranged at the action end of the action mechanism. The contact plate 14 is arranged to form a moving end, and the action mechanism can control the contact plate 14 to approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2;

[0055] The control mechanism 11 is connected to the action mechanism, and the control mechanism 11 is provided with a wired communication module.

[0056] Specifically, the communication module can be wired or wireless, and the contact area and contact time between the ground mechanism 1 and the vehicle-mounted structure are guaranteed through the contact plate 14 to ensure triggering stability. At the same time, the control mechanism 11 can remotely control the action mechanism without the need for on-site operation by personnel, thereby ensuring personnel safety.

[0057] In this embodiment, the action mechanism includes:

[0058] The telescopic cylinder 12 is arranged horizontally;

[0059] The guide plate 13 has a guide column inserted therein, the contact plate 14 is arranged at one end of the guide column close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 , and the other end of the guide column is connected to the telescopic cylinder 12 .

[0060] Specifically, the contact plate 14 is driven to move closer to and away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 by the telescopic cylinder 12 .

[0061] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder 12 extends the contact plate 14 close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2, and retracts to withdraw from the vehicle limit for avoidance. The telescopic cylinder 12 has a telescopic distance of 100 mm.

[0062] In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 includes:

[0063] The air storage cylinder 21 is arranged on the hopper car, and is connected to the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder 23 through the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22. Switching the first position and the second position of the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22 can control the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder 23 to open and close the door;

[0064] At least one two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and at least one two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door, the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door are arranged in parallel, and the operating ends of the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door can be the door opening driving end and the door closing driving end respectively;

[0065] The air storage cylinder 21 switches the first position and the second position of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 through the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door.

[0066] Specifically, the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door is the door opening drive end, the air storage cylinder 21 provides air pressure to drive the two-way air cylinder 23 for opening and closing the bottom door, and the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 controls the action of the two-way air cylinder 23 for opening and closing the bottom door. The two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door controller switch the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 between the first position and the second position.

[0067] When opening the door, when the contact plate 14 contacts the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door, the two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door drives the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22 to change position, and then the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22 controls the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder 23 to open the door, and the same applies when closing the door.

[0068] Furthermore, the AB chambers of the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder 23 are respectively connected to the AB points of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22, and the output end of the air storage cylinder 21 is simultaneously connected to the normally closed point of the door opening two-position three-way valve 24, the normally closed point of the door closing two-way three-way valve and the air inlet point P of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 (the air inlet point P continuously maintains air pressure, and the air inlet point P inflates the AB chamber when the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 is in the first position and the second position, and the corresponding BA chamber is exhausted through the exhaust point at the same time).

[0069] In this embodiment, the door-opening two-position three-way valve 24 and the door-closing two-position three-way valve 25 are respectively self-resetting two-position three-way valves.

[0070] Specifically, the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22 has no automatic reset function and automatically maintains after switching positions. The two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve 25 for closing the door can be reset and automatically reset after driving the pneumatic two-position five-way valve 22 to switch positions.

[0071] In this embodiment, two two-position three-way valves 24 for opening the door are arranged in series, and the two two-position three-way valves 24 for opening the door are in contact with the ground mechanism 1 respectively and act synchronously.

[0072] Specifically, the two door-opening two-position three-way valves 24 are connected in series, and only when the two valves are triggered at the same time will the air-controlled two-position five-way valve 22 be driven to switch positions, thereby reducing the false trigger rate. The same is true for the door-closing two-position three-way valve 25.

[0073] Furthermore, when adding a two-position three-way valve 24 for opening the door, the number of ground mechanisms 1 can be increased, or the area of ​​the contact plate 14 can be increased or the number of the contact plates 14 can be increased based on the original ground mechanisms 1.

[0074] In this embodiment, a pressure plate is hinged on the door-opening two-position three-way valve 24, and a roller 3 cooperating with the contact plate 14 is provided at one end of the pressure plate. The roller 3 is rollingly connected with the contact plate 14 to squeeze the operating end of the door-opening two-position three-way valve 24.

[0075] Specifically, the roller 3 cooperates with the pressure plate to reduce the wear of the door opening two-position three-way valve 24. At this time, the door opening two-position three-way valve 24, the roller 3 and the pressure plate together constitute the door opening drive end. The same is true for the door closing drive end.

[0076] In this embodiment, the air inlet of the air storage cylinder 21 is connected to the train pipe through the air supply adjustment valve and the combined dust collector in sequence.

[0077] Specifically, after the door is opened or closed, the air storage cylinder 21 uses the train pipe to supplement the air pressure.

[0078] In this embodiment, the ground mechanism 1 is provided with a door opening driving end and a door closing driving end which contact the ground mechanism 1 in sequence at intervals;

[0079] Or two ground mechanisms 1 are provided, and the two ground mechanisms 1 are used in conjunction with the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end respectively.

[0080] Specifically, the ground mechanism 1 is provided with a door opening driving end and a door closing driving end which contact the ground mechanism 1 in sequence at intervals, and at this time, the unloading distance is the length of the vehicle;

[0081] Two ground mechanisms 1 are provided, and the two ground mechanisms 1 are used in conjunction with the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end respectively. At this time, the unloading distance can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two ground mechanisms 1.

[0082] The present invention also provides a railway ore hopper car unloading system, comprising the above-mentioned mechanical touch type automatic opening and closing bottom door device;

[0083] The vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 is provided in plurality and is respectively provided on different vehicles;

[0084] At least one ground mechanism 1 is provided, and each vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 shares the ground mechanism 1 .

[0085] Specifically, by arranging the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 on each vehicle and arranging the ground mechanism 1 in a fixed unloading area, each vehicle can automatically unload when entering the unloading area.

[0086] In this embodiment, a mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device is used, taking ore unloading as an example:

[0087] The vehicle-mounted mechanism 2 is arranged at one end of the vehicle, the door opening driving end is Xm from the ground, and the door closing driving end is (X+0.1)m from the ground. The two ground mechanisms 1 are arranged at intervals, corresponding to the door opening driving end and the door closing driving end respectively. When the vehicle is driving normally and approaches the unloading interval, the ground mechanism 1 driving the door opening is extended close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2, so that the door opening driving end contacts the door opening ground mechanism 1, thereby opening the bottom door. After the bottom door is opened, the door opening driving mechanism retracts. When the unloading is completed, the door closing ground mechanism 1 is extended close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism 2, so that the door closing driving end contacts the door closing ground mechanism 1, thereby closing the bottom door. After the bottom door is closed, the bottom door driving mechanism retracts.

[0088] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device, characterized in that: include: A vehicle-mounted mechanism, which is arranged on the hopper car and is used to drive the bottom door to open and close, and the vehicle-mounted mechanism includes a door opening drive end and a door closing drive end; A ground mechanism is arranged on the ground, and the ground mechanism is provided with a mobile end, and the mobile end can approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism, and when the mobile end approaches the vehicle-mounted mechanism, it can trigger the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end.

2. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground mechanism comprises: A contact plate, the contact plate being used to contact the door opening drive end and / or the door closing drive end; An action mechanism, wherein the action mechanism is arranged on the ground, the contact plate is arranged at an action end of the action mechanism, thereby forming the moving end, and the action mechanism can control the contact plate to approach and move away from the vehicle-mounted mechanism; A control mechanism is connected to the action mechanism, and the control mechanism is provided with a communication module.

3. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The action mechanism comprises: A telescopic cylinder, wherein the telescopic cylinder is arranged horizontally; A guide plate, wherein a guide column is inserted into the guide plate, the contact plate is arranged at one end of the guide column close to the vehicle-mounted mechanism, and the other end of the guide column is connected to the telescopic cylinder.

4. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted mechanism comprises: An air storage cylinder is arranged on the hopper car, and is connected to the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder through the air-controlled two-position five-way valve. Switching the first position and the second position of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve can control the bottom door opening and closing two-way air cylinder to open and close the door; At least one two-position three-way valve for opening the door and at least one two-position three-way valve for closing the door, the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door are arranged in parallel, and the operating ends of the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door are the opening drive end and the closing drive end respectively; The air storage cylinder switches the first position and the second position of the air-controlled two-position five-way valve through the two-position three-way valve for opening the door and the two-position three-way valve for closing the door.

5. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The door-opening two-position three-way valve and the door-closing two-position three-way valve are respectively self-resetting two-position three-way valves.

6. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two door-opening two-position three-way valves are arranged in series in sequence, and the two door-opening two-position three-way valves are respectively in contact with the ground mechanism and act synchronously.

7. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure plate is hinged on the door-opening two-position three-way valve, and a roller matching the contact plate is arranged at one end of the pressure plate. The roller is rollingly connected with the contact plate to squeeze the operating end of the door-opening two-position three-way valve.

8. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet of the air storage cylinder is connected to the train pipe through the air supply adjustment valve and the combined dust collector in sequence.

9. The mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground mechanism is provided with one, and the door opening driving end and the door closing driving end contact the ground mechanism in sequence at intervals; Or the ground mechanisms are provided with two, and the two ground mechanisms are used in conjunction with the door opening drive end and the door closing drive end respectively.

10. A railway ore hopper car unloading system, characterized in that: A mechanical touch-type automatic bottom door opening and closing device comprising any one of claims 1 to 9; There are multiple vehicle-mounted mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on different vehicles; At least one ground mechanism is provided, and each of the vehicle-mounted mechanisms shares the ground mechanism.

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