Mechanical anti-top-rushing hoisting mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical anti-top-rushing hoisting mechanism, which relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment and comprises a winding drum, a speed reducing motor, a ball screw, a driving plate, a driving gear, a pawl and a connecting rod system, the gear motor drives the winding drum through friction transmission, and the ball screw is in linkage with the gear motor through belt transmission. When the lifting hook is close to the top punching position, the sliding block of the ball screw pushes the drive plate to be meshed with the driving gear, power transmission is cut off, and meanwhile the connecting rod system triggers the pawl to lock the winding drum; through friction transmission, ball screw linkage and a pawl locking mechanism, power is automatically cut off and hook slipping is prevented when the lifting hook approaches to the ejection position; the system adopts pure mechanical design, so that the risk of electronic control failure is avoided; a double-lead ball screw ensures that no top dead point exists, and clamping stagnation cannot be caused by continuous lifting input; the mechanism obviously improves the safety of hoisting equipment, and is suitable for high-altitude operation, port loading and unloading and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lifting equipment, in particular to a mechanical anti-top-collision hoisting mechanism, which is particularly suitable for lifting equipment for preventing top-collision accidents when a hook rises to an extreme position. Background Art

[0002] In the operation of lifting equipment, top impact accidents (i.e. collision between the hook or the load and the crane arm) are common safety hazards. Existing anti-top impact technologies mainly rely on two types of solutions:

[0003] 1. Electrical control system: The sensor detects the hook position and cuts off the power supply. However, the electrical control components are susceptible to environmental interference or aging failure, and there is a risk of misjudgment or response delay;

[0004] 2. Damping protection device: It provides buffering when reaching the top, but if the lifting action continues to input and exceeds the load limit of the device, accidents cannot be avoided;

[0005] None of the above solutions can achieve reliable protection without relying on electricity; therefore, there is an urgent need for a purely mechanically linked, reliable anti-top-impact winch mechanism to fundamentally eliminate the risk of top-impact. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism, which integrates power transmission, top-impact protection and hook slip protection systems to automatically cut off power and lock the drum when the hook approaches the top-impact position, and prevent the hook from slipping and falling, thereby ensuring the safety of the lifting operation.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A mechanical anti-top-collision hoisting mechanism comprises a drum, a reduction motor, a ball screw, a dial, a driving gear, a pawl and a connecting rod system; the reduction motor drives the drum through friction transmission, and the ball screw is linked to the reduction motor through belt transmission; when the hook approaches the top-collision position, the slider of the ball screw pushes the dial to engage with the driving gear to cut off power transmission, and at the same time the connecting rod system triggers the pawl to lock the drum.

[0009] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact winch mechanism, wherein the friction transmission system includes a rotating friction plate, a pinion and a spring; the spring presses the rotating friction plate and the pinion, and the reduction motor drives the rotating friction plate to transmit torque to the pinion, and the pinion engages with the large gear ring of the reel.

[0010] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism, wherein the ball screw is a double-lead structure, and the slider performs reciprocating linear motion on it; when the hook approaches the top-impact position, the slider pushes the dial to slide along the axial direction of the screw until it engages with the driving gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top impact winch mechanism, wherein the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the driven gear is screwed into the support one through a thread; when the driving gear rotates, the driven gear is screwed out of the support one, releasing the clamping force of the spring on the friction plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact winch mechanism, wherein the connecting rod system includes a shift block, a lever and a locking pin; when the slider of the ball screw moves, the shift block releases the restriction of the locking pin on the pawl through the lever principle, and the pawl locks the drum under its own weight.

[0013] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism, wherein the pawl is hinged to the base frame through a pin shaft, and its locking position matches the ratchet groove of the drum to prevent the drum from reversing.

[0014] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact winch mechanism, wherein both ends of the ball screw are supported by support three and support four, and a large pulley is fixed to one end of the ball screw and is linked to the reduction motor through a belt.

[0015] Furthermore, the present application provides a mechanical anti-top-impact winch mechanism, wherein the stop position of the drum is synchronized with the end point of the slider stroke of the ball screw, ensuring that the accuracy error of the hook hovering is less than ±5cm.

[0016] Its core innovations are as follows:

[0017] 1. Power transmission system: The reduction motor drives the reel through the friction transmission between the rotating friction plate and the pinion gear, and the spring provides the initial clamping force.

[0018] 2. Top impact protection system: The reduction motor drives the ball screw through the belt transmission, and the slider moves linearly with the rotation of the screw; when the hook approaches the top impact position, the slider pushes the dial to engage with the driving gear, driving the driven gear to rotate out of the support, releasing the pressing force of the friction plate and cutting off the power transmission.

[0019] 3. Hook slip protection system: The slider linkage connecting rod system releases the pawl lock pin, and the pawl locks the drum under its own weight to prevent the hook from falling.

[0020] 4. Anti-jamming design: With double-lead ball screw, the slider moves in the opposite direction after reaching the end of the stroke to avoid system jamming.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. Pure mechanical linkage: no need for electric control, avoiding the risk of electronic control failure, and improving reliability by more than 80%.

[0023] 2. Double protection mechanism: top impact protection and hook slip protection system work together to ensure the stable hovering of the hook.

[0024] 3. Anti-locking function: The double-lead ball screw design enables the system to move in an infinite cycle, and continuous lifting input will not cause the mechanism to get stuck.

[0025] 4. Low maintenance cost: The mechanical structure is simple and durable, and the failure rate is 60% lower than that of the electronic control system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall exploded view of a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism for this application, showing the assembly relationship of core components such as the drum, reduction motor, ball screw, and pawl;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a friction transmission structure diagram of a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism of the present application, showing the compression and separation states of the rotating friction plate, pinion and spring;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an action diagram of the connecting rod system in a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism of the present application, illustrating the locking and release mechanism of the lock pin;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an action diagram of a ratchet in a mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism of the present application, showing the switching process of the ratchet between a released position and a fixed position.

[0030] Among them: 1. reel; 2. base frame; 3. reduction motor; 4. driven gear; 5. support one; 6. sliding bearing; 7. support plate; 8. compression spring; 9. rotating friction plate; 10. small gear; 11. support shaft; 12. small pulley; 13. support two; 14. support three; 15. large pulley; 16. ball screw; 17. dial; 18. driving gear; 19. support four; 20. pawl; 21. connecting rod system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a mechanical anti-top-collision hoisting mechanism, which includes a drum 1, a reduction motor 3, a ball screw 16, a dial 17, a driving gear 18, a pawl 20 and a connecting rod system 21; the reduction motor 3 drives the drum 1 through a friction transmission system, and the ball screw 16 is linked to the reduction motor 3 through a belt drive; when the hook approaches the top-collision position, the slider of the ball screw 16 pushes the dial 17 to engage with the driving gear 18 to cut off the power transmission, and at the same time the connecting rod system 21 triggers the pawl 20 to lock the drum 1;

[0035] Wherein: the friction transmission system comprises a rotating friction plate 9, a pinion 10 and a spring 8; the spring 8 presses the rotating friction plate 9 and the pinion 10, the reduction motor 3 drives the rotating friction plate 9 to transmit torque to the pinion 10, and the pinion 10 meshes with the large gear ring of the reel 1;

[0036] The ball screw 16 is a double-lead structure, and the slider performs reciprocating linear motion on it; when the hook approaches the top position, the slider pushes the dial 17 to slide along the axial direction of the screw until it meshes with the driving gear 18;

[0037] The driving gear 18 is meshed with the driven gear 4, and the driven gear 4 is screwed into the support 5 through a thread; when the driving gear 18 rotates, the driven gear 4 is screwed out of the support 5, releasing the pressing force of the spring 8 on the friction plate;

[0038] The connecting rod system 21 includes a shift block, a lever and a locking pin; when the slider of the ball screw 16 moves, the shift block releases the restriction of the locking pin on the pawl 20 through the lever principle, and the pawl 20 locks the reel 1 under its own weight;

[0039] The ratchet 20 is hinged to the base frame 2 via a pin, and its locking position matches the ratchet groove of the reel 1 to prevent the reel from reversing;

[0040] The two ends of the ball screw 16 are supported by the support three 14 and the support four 19, and the large pulley 15 is fixed to one end of the ball screw 16 and is linked to the reduction motor 3 through a belt;

[0041] The stop position of the reel 1 is synchronized with the end point of the slider stroke of the ball screw 16 to ensure that the accuracy error of the hook suspension is less than ±5cm.

[0042] 1. Power transmission system

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the output shaft of the reduction motor 3 is connected to the rotating friction plate 9 through the support plate 7. The driven gear 4 is screwed into the support 1 5 through the thread, and the compression spring 8 presses the rotating friction plate 9 and the fixed friction plate of the pinion 10. After the reduction motor 3 is started, the friction force drives the pinion 10 to rotate, and the pinion 10 meshes with the large gear ring of the drum 1, driving the drum 1 to retract and release the wire rope.

[0044] 2. Top impact protection system

[0045] The reduction motor 3 drives the small pulley 12 through the support shaft 11, and the belt is transmitted to the large pulley 15, which drives the ball screw 16 to rotate. The slider on the ball screw 16 moves horizontally and linearly with the rotation of the screw, and its position is synchronized with the winding position of the wire rope on the drum 1. When the hook approaches the top position, the slider contacts the dial 17, pushing the dial 17 to slide along the screw until it meshes with the driving gear 18. The driving gear 18 drives the driven gear 4 to rotate, and the driven gear 4 gradually rotates out of the support 5, the pressure of the spring 8 disappears, the friction plate separates, the power transmission is interrupted, and the drum 1 stops rotating.

[0046] 3. Hook slip protection system

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the power transmission is interrupted, the deadweight of the hook may cause the drum 1 to reverse. At this time, the slider on the ball screw 16 simultaneously pushes the shift block of the connecting rod system 21 to release the locking pin restriction of the pawl 20. The pawl 20 rotates around the pin under its own weight and is stuck in the ratchet groove of the drum 1, preventing the drum from reversing and ensuring that the hook is suspended.

[0048] 4. Anti-lock mechanism

[0049] The ball screw 16 adopts a double lead design, and the slider automatically moves in the opposite direction after reaching the end of the stroke. Even if the operator continues to input lifting commands, the system still maintains a dynamic cycle to avoid mechanism jamming or component damage.

[0050] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0051] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A mechanical anti-top winch mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reel (1), a reduction motor (3), a ball screw (16), a dial (17), a driving gear (18), a ratchet (20) and a connecting rod system (21); the reduction motor (3) drives the reel (1) through a friction transmission system, and the ball screw (16) is linked with the reduction motor (3) through a belt transmission; when the hook approaches the top position, the slider of the ball screw (16) pushes the dial (17) to mesh with the driving gear (18), cutting off the power transmission, and at the same time the connecting rod system (21) triggers the ratchet (20) to lock the reel (1).

2. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction transmission system comprises a rotating friction plate (9), a pinion (10) and a spring (8); the spring (8) presses the rotating friction plate (9) and the pinion (10), the reduction motor (3) drives the rotating friction plate (9) to transmit torque to the pinion (10), and the pinion (10) meshes with the large gear ring of the reel (1).

3. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball screw (16) is a double-lead structure, and the slider performs reciprocating linear motion on it; when the hook approaches the top position, the slider pushes the dial (17) to slide along the axial direction of the screw until it meshes with the driving gear (18).

4. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear (18) is meshed with the driven gear (4), and the driven gear (4) is screwed into the support (5) through a thread; when the driving gear (18) rotates, the driven gear (4) is screwed out of the support (5), releasing the pressing force of the spring (8) on the friction plate.

5. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod system (21) comprises a shifting block, a lever and a locking pin; when the slider of the ball screw (16) moves, the shifting block releases the restriction of the locking pin on the pawl (20) through the lever principle, and the pawl (20) locks the reel (1) under its own weight.

6. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet pawl (20) is hinged to the base frame (2) via a pin shaft, and its locking position matches the ratchet groove of the reel (1) to prevent the reel from reversing.

7. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the ball screw (16) are supported by a support three (14) and a support four (19), and a large pulley (15) is fixed to one end of the ball screw (16) and is linked to the reduction motor (3) through a belt.

8. The mechanical anti-top-impact hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop position of the reel (1) is synchronized with the end point of the slider stroke of the ball screw (16), ensuring that the accuracy error of the suspension of the hook is less than ±5 cm.

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