A kind of hydroelectric generating set overflow water quality and sand characteristic detection ball and detection system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of water turbine generator unit overflow water quality silt characteristic detection ball and detection system, belong to hydroelectric generating set monitoring technical field, comprising: spherical shell;Water sample collection component and air bag component are located inside spherical shell and along the center symmetry distribution of spherical shell;Water sample collection component includes trigger type water sample collector and trigger in the inside of spherical shell, bottom is connected with each other side by side by connecting rod, trigger is connected with the inner wall of spherical shell by multiple electric contacts;Air bag component includes air bag attached to the surface of spherical shell and built-in gas cylinder and solenoid valve, solenoid valve is connected with the inner wall of spherical shell by multiple electric contacts, air bag and gas cylinder are connected with solenoid valve by different pipelines.The detection ball of the application adopts the structure design similar to biological cell, and respectively on the inside and outside of ball is reserved for installing quick water sample collection device and specific position of quick floating device, can quickly realize the floating and recovery of detection ball.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric generating set monitoring, and more particularly relates to a kind of over-flow water quality sediment characteristic detection ball and detection system of hydroelectric generating set. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation process of hydroelectric generating set, the over-flow components will be worn by the sediment, and this wear is closely related to the concentration, particle size, hardness and shape of the sediment. Due to the high pressure and high speed water flow environment inside the water turbine, it is very difficult to measure the sediment in its chamber, which has become an international technical problem.

[0003] In the prior art, an indirect measurement method is usually used to realize online measurement of the sediment parameters in the operation of the hydroelectric generating set. For example, a device for indirectly measuring the sediment parameters in the pipe is installed outside the water pipe of the working section of the hydroelectric generating set to realize the measurement. Invention patent CN119334833A discloses an indirect measurement method. The invention obtains the ultrasonic signal generated by the sediment impacting the pipe wall through a non-contact monitoring method, and judges the particle size according to the amplitude of the amplified frequency domain electrical signal, and judges the quantity according to the density of the wave crest and trough, which better reflects the sediment characteristics in the pipe. This measurement method can realize the measurement of the sediment parameters without stopping the hydroelectric generating set, but since it measures through a thick reinforced concrete pipe, the measurement data accuracy is low, and there is a lot of noise and distortion.

[0004] In addition, the measurement can also be carried out by sampling analysis method on the upstream and downstream of the pipe. For example, invention patent CN119394722A discloses a method of sampling in a conventional calm water area. This method can also obtain accurate sediment parameters without stopping, but it does not measure the inside of the pipe, and cannot accurately analyze the distribution and deposition of the sediment in the pipe of the generating set.

[0005] Of these two sediment monitoring schemes, the indirect measurement scheme, which measures the area near the working channel, is the latter. Because it relies on observing physical phenomena arising from the interaction between sediment, the channel, and the fluid, such as vibration and light transmittance, this method typically only monitors one or a few sediment characteristics, limiting its effectiveness. Furthermore, equipment installation depends on the construction of the channel; for units where construction has been completed but sufficient monitoring windows have not been reserved, this method's application will be restricted. The direct measurement scheme, which directly measures the fluid, is the former. Existing direct measurement schemes, limited by the size and structural complexity of the measuring device, are difficult to conduct measurements in high-speed waters near the inlet and outlet of the hydroelectric generator unit. Therefore, they mostly only obtain sediment characteristics in the watershed near the hydroelectric generator unit, and cannot directly obtain sediment characteristics inside the unit. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a monitoring system for in-situ real-time monitoring of the internal flow channel of a hydroelectric generator set. Its purpose is to realize the direct monitoring of the internal flow channel of the hydroelectric generator set, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing technology cannot directly obtain the detailed mud and sand properties inside the hydroelectric generator set.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention first provides a sphere for detecting the sediment characteristics of the flowing water of a hydro-generator unit, comprising: a spherical shell; a water sample collection assembly and an airbag assembly located inside the spherical shell and symmetrically distributed along the center of the spherical shell;

[0008] The water sample collection assembly includes a trigger-type water sample collector and a trigger located inside a spherical shell and connected side by side at the bottom by a connecting rod. The trigger is connected to the inner wall of the spherical shell through multiple electrical contacts.

[0009] The airbag assembly includes an airbag attached to the surface of a spherical shell, a gas cylinder and a solenoid valve built into the spherical shell. The solenoid valve is connected to the inner wall of the spherical shell through multiple electrical contacts. The airbag is connected to one end of the solenoid valve through a first pipe penetrating the spherical shell, and the other end of the solenoid valve is connected to the gas cylinder through a second pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the trigger-type data collector includes a normally closed quick-opening one-way valve, an energy storage spring, a master-daughter piston assembly, and a water sample chamber. The master-daughter piston assembly is movably connected to the inner wall of the water sample chamber. The normally closed quick-opening one-way valve is sleeved on the top of the outside of the water sample chamber. Its top end is sealed to the spherical shell, and its bottom end extends into the inside of the water sample chamber. It is connected to the piston rod of the master-daughter piston assembly through a striker and has an energy storage spring sleeved on its outer circumferential surface.

[0011] Preferably, the trigger comprises a casing and a driving motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut slider and a connecting rod hammer inside the casing, the driving motor, the lead screw and the lead screw nut slider are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the lead screw nut slider is used to translate under the rotary motion of the lead screw and drive the connecting rod hammer to hit the connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the spherical shell is tightly connected by two hemispheres through ultrasonic welding, and the hemispheres are formed by injection molding process.

[0013] Preferably, the spherical shell contains multiple hollow parts and the wall thickness is not less than 4mm, and the multiple hollow parts are connected by reinforcing ribs.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, the present application also provides a water turbine generator set over-flow water quality and sediment characteristics detection system, which comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned detection balls, a launching subsystem, a salvage subsystem and a data processing subsystem, the launching subsystem is used for launching the detection balls, the salvage subsystem is used for salvaging the detection balls, and the data processing subsystem is used for processing the sediment data collected by the detection balls.

[0015] Preferably, the launching subsystem comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles, the unmanned aerial vehicles are mounted with a launching basket at the bottom, and the launching basket is used for carrying the detection balls; or, the launching subsystem comprises a plurality of pneumatic launching devices.

[0016] Preferably, the salvage subsystem comprises an automatic water surface floating object collection ship and a host computer, the detection balls and the automatic water surface floating object collection ship are in communication connection with the host computer, and the spherical shell surface of the detection ball is painted; and / or, the salvage subsystem comprises a net, which is a handheld net or a fixed intercepting net.

[0017] Preferably, the data processing subsystem comprises a sample processing module and a sample data collection and processing module, the sample processing module is used for processing the sediment samples collected by the detection balls and uploading the obtained sediment data to the sample data collection and processing module.

[0018] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects due to the four subsystems with complete functions and the full consideration of the compatibility of the system and the subsystems in different working places:

[0019] 1. The detection ball proposed in the present application has the characteristics of low cost, simple mass production, reusability and environmental friendliness, has a closed cavity structure and a spherical shell design to ensure high safety, can effectively protect the electronic components inside from damage caused by high water pressure pulsation and high impact in complex water areas. The spherical shell has excellent pressure resistance and is very suitable for complex water area operation.

[0020] 2. The monitoring system of the present application covers the whole process from launching, sampling, recovering to data processing of the sampler, can realize sampling and data processing at any position inside the flow passage of the hydroelectric generating set under the condition that the hydroelectric generating set does not stop, has the characteristics of rapid deployment, low cost, small environmental impact, simple personnel training, low technical requirements, high environmental adaptability, and can play a huge role in the vast hydroelectric power industry in China.

[0021] 3. The launching system of the present application contains two schemes, fully considering the influence of different scales of hydroelectric generating sets and control on the monitoring system. The unmanned aerial vehicle air-drop technology is mature, can be accurately and quickly launched to the target position, has low cost, can be recycled, and is close to the diversion pipe.

[0022] 4. The salvage subsystem of the present application also considers the problem of salvaging and recovering the monitoring system under different types, different scales and different control of hydroelectric generating sets. The full-enclosure structure plus the net salvage scheme directly lays the net on the whole river surface, the detection ball has the lowest probability of loss due to collection, consumes less time, is suitable for small and medium-sized hydropower stations, and the water surface floating object automatic collection ship salvage scheme has the characteristics of strong flexibility, high efficiency, high safety and wide coverage. For a small number of detection balls that are not kept up with the cluster due to environmental impact and detection balls intercepted by fixed nets, efficient and accurate remote control salvage can be performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a water turbine generator set flow water quality sediment characteristic detection ball of the present application

[0024] Figure 2 is a sampling schematic view of a water sample collection assembly of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 is a floating schematic view of an air bag assembly of the present application.

[0026] In all the drawings, the same reference signs are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein: the spherical shell 1, the water sample collection assembly 2, the trigger type water sample collector 2-1, the trigger 2-2, the connecting rod 2-3, the water sample bin 2-4, the energy storage spring 2-5, the air bag 3-1, the gas cylinder 3-2, the electromagnetic valve 3-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are merely intended to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The present embodiment provides a kind of water turbine generator set overcurrent water quality silt characteristic detection ball, as Figure 1 As shown, it includes spherical shell 1;Water sample collection assembly 2 includes trigger collector 2-1, trigger 2-2 and connecting rod 2-3, collector 2-1 and trigger 2-2 are mechanically connected by connecting rod 2-3, trigger 2-2 and spherical shell 1 are connected by electric contact;Air bag assembly 3: air bag 3-1, gas cylinder 3-2 and electromagnetic valve 3-3.The structure of spherical shell 1 is made of two hemispherical plastic parts by injection molding process, which are tightly connected by ultrasonic welding to ensure that the internal space is completely sealed.The shell design of spherical shell 1 contains multiple hollow parts, with an average wall thickness of more than 4mm, and is equipped with reinforcing ribs, which makes it maintain a small deformation even in a high-pressure water flow environment, providing a stable working condition for the internal circuit and air circuit system.Water sample collection assembly 2 and air bag assembly 3 are arranged symmetrically around the detection ball body to achieve uniform distribution of the ball mass, and the assembly is detachable.Air bag assembly 3 includes air bag 3-1, gas cylinder 3-2 and electromagnetic valve 3-3.Gas cylinder 3-2 is connected to electromagnetic valve 3-3 by pipeline, electromagnetic valve 3-3 is connected to air bag 3-1 by pipeline, and electromagnetic valve 3-3 is connected to spherical shell 1 by electric contact, and the assembly is detachable.

[0030] Considering that the flow field of fluid flowing in the pipeline has a pressure gradient pointing to the center of the pipeline in the radial direction of the pipeline, the mechanism design of the detection ball helps to flexibly adjust the weight and average density of the detection ball to approach the density of water, so that it can keep in the center of the flow passage when it follows the flow in the flow field without damaging the flow passage.Water sample collection assembly 2 and air bag assembly 3 of the detection ball are connected to the inner wall of spherical shell 1 by electric contact, which ensures the consistency and sealing of the outer shell of the detection ball body.

[0031] The structure of water sample collection assembly 2 is shown in Figure 2 The quick water sample collection device uses the energy accumulated by the spring to trigger the mechanism by the striker, which can quickly and powerfully collect water samples by applying a small force.After the collection process is completed, water sample collection assembly 2 will automatically be closed to ensure the integrity of the sample and the reuse of the equipment. Figure 2As shown in a of FIG. 1, the trigger water sample collector 2-1 in the water sample collection assembly 2 includes a normally closed quick-opening one-way valve, a water sample bin 2-4, an energy storage spring 2-5, and a primary-secondary piston set. By pre-compressing the energy storage spring 2-5 and locking the primary-secondary piston set, when the probe ball reaches the predetermined position, the trigger 2-2 will knock the striker of the normally closed quick-opening one-way valve through the connecting rod 2-3, at which time the primary piston will be separated from the water sample bin 2-4, and under the action of the energy storage spring, the primary piston will be pushed to move; at the same time, the piston rod will activate the normally closed quick-opening one-way valve, and the combined action of the piston and the valve will provide strong negative pressure for the water inlet of the water sample bin to complete water sample collection, such as Figure 2 As shown in b of FIG. 1, the trigger 2-2 includes a housing and a drive motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut slider, and a connecting rod hammer inside the housing. The drive motor, the lead screw, and the lead screw nut slider are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The lead screw nut slider is used to translate under the rotary motion of the lead screw and drive the connecting rod hammer to hit the connecting rod, thereby knocking the striker of the normally closed quick-opening one-way valve.

[0032] As shown in c of FIG. 1, the air bag assembly 3 includes an air bag 3-1, an air cylinder 3-2, and a solenoid valve 3-3. The collection device is designed to be highly independent and supports multiple uses, with significant cost-effectiveness. It is equipped with an efficient floating system that quickly inflates the air bag to quickly lift the device to the water surface. This floating mechanism mainly includes a high-pressure air cylinder, a miniature battery valve, and an air bag. The air bag assembly 3 stands out with its simple structure, easy operation, high stability, and reliability, while also having advantages in cost control and production, ensuring its efficiency and safety in practical applications. Figure 3 Embodiment 2

[0033] This embodiment provides a water turbine generator set over-flow water quality and sediment characteristic detection system, which includes a plurality of probe balls of embodiment 1, a launching subsystem, a salvage subsystem, and a data processing subsystem. The launching subsystem is used to launch the probe balls, the salvage subsystem is used to salvage the probe balls, and the data processing subsystem is used to process the sediment data collected by the probe balls.

[0034]

[0035] ​The delivery subsystem of the present embodiment aims to deliver the probe balls to the water area near the intake of the hydroelectric generating set. When monitoring the sediment in the flow channel of the generator, dozens or even hundreds of probe balls are usually delivered at the same time. Since the probe balls are designed to be the same density as water and have no propulsion device in water, in order to ensure that the probe balls can smoothly enter the flow channel, a suitable delivery scheme and device need to be designed. The optional delivery schemes are two: one is unmanned aerial vehicle air delivery. The unmanned aerial vehicle carries a delivery basket and a certain number of probe balls, flies to the front of the trash rack of the water inlet of the generator set, and at a height of about 1 m from the water surface, the delivery basket is remotely controlled to deliver the probe balls one by one. The second is remote throwing. If the unmanned aerial vehicle is not allowed or cannot approach the trash rack, the probe balls can be remotely thrown in front of the trash rack by a pneumatic launching device. Due to the dispersion of the impact point of the launched object, the thrown probe balls may drift away from the water inlet, and there is a certain probability of being damaged. The present embodiment selects unmanned aerial vehicle air delivery.

[0036] The salvage subsystem aims to determine the recovery method of the probe balls according to the actual environment of the hydroelectric generating set. The probe balls are a cluster of ball bodies that move with the water flow without autonomous power, are delivered in the upstream of the reservoir, and automatically float in the downstream. After the probe balls float, they can send position and state information to the upper computer through wireless communication. The ball bodies are painted in a conspicuous color for easy identification and recovery. The floating is completed by relying on the air bag, and the salvage has the following three schemes to choose from. In small and medium-sized hydropower stations, a blocking net can be arranged in a stable and narrow water flow area, and after blocking the floating balls, manual salvage and recovery can be carried out by using a net tool held by a ship. In larger hydropower stations, a movable blocking net can be placed in the tail water area to ensure effective interception and guidance of the probe balls, and after completion, salvage and recovery can be carried out on both banks. In addition to manual salvage and recovery, an automatic floating object collection ship can be considered to reduce the work pressure and provide convenience for collecting scattered probe balls.

[0037] The data processing subsystem includes a sample processing module and a sample data collection and processing module. Since the probe ball has a special sample extraction device (i.e. water sample collection assembly 2) installed inside, the collected water sample can be extracted through the device and sealed. After the detection ball collects the water sample, the internal sample extraction module extracts and seals the water sample into a special sample bottle. After being recovered to the ground, the sealed sample bottle is taken out, taken back to the laboratory, and analyzed using the sample data collection and processing module.

[0038] The working flow of the detection system of the embodiment is as follows: an operator selects a corresponding launching system scheme according to the environment of the hydroelectric generating set, loads the sampling point position and the electronic fence information into the detection ball robot, and launches the detection ball robot into the water area near the water inlet of the upstream flow passage of the hydroelectric generating set. Then, the detection ball will enter the hydroelectric generating set together with the water flow, and judge its own position by means of the onboard sensors such as the Beidou positioning system and the IMU (inertial navigation unit). When it judges that it has entered the tolerance permissible range near the sampling point position, the sampling mechanism is activated. After the detection ball completes sampling, it will leave the hydroelectric generating set together with the water flow, and reach the downstream area of the generating set. The electronic fence system is triggered near the downstream, at this time the detection ball will activate the floating mechanism and actively float to the surface of the water body for the operator to salvage and recover. After the operator recovers, the sample bin on the detection ball is taken out, labeled and arranged, and sent to the laboratory for inspection. At the same time, the monitoring data in each detection ball is extracted by using the detection ball data extractor, and the database of the hydroelectric generating set is constructed.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A kind of water turbine generator set overflow water quality silt characteristic detection ball, it is characterized in that, The system comprises: a spherical shell; a water sample collection assembly and an air bag assembly located inside the spherical shell and symmetrically distributed along the center of the spherical shell; the water sample collection assembly comprises a trigger type water sample collector and a trigger connected to each other side by side inside the spherical shell by a connecting rod, and the trigger is connected to the inner wall of the spherical shell by a plurality of electrical contacts; the air bag assembly comprises an air bag attached to the surface of the spherical shell, a gas cylinder and a solenoid valve built into the spherical shell, the solenoid valve is connected to the inner wall of the spherical shell by a plurality of electrical contacts, the air bag is connected to one end of the solenoid valve through a first pipeline penetrating the spherical shell, and the other end of the solenoid valve is connected to the gas cylinder through a second pipeline; the trigger type water sample collector comprises a normally closed quick-opening check valve, an energy storage spring, a primary and secondary piston set, and a water sample bin, the primary and secondary piston set is movably connected to the inner wall of the water sample bin, the normally closed quick-opening check valve is sleeved on the outer top end of the water sample bin, the top end is sealingly connected to the spherical shell, the bottom end extends into the water sample bin, and the bottom end is connected to the piston rod of the primary and secondary piston set by a firing pin and has the energy storage spring sleeved on the outer peripheral surface; the trigger comprises a casing, a drive motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut slider and a connecting rod hammer located inside the casing, the drive motor, the lead screw and the lead screw nut slider are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the lead screw nut slider is used for translating under the rotary motion of the lead screw and driving the connecting rod hammer to hit the connecting rod.

2. The flow-probe ball for detecting the sediment characteristics of the flow of water in a hydroelectric generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical shell is tightly connected by ultrasonic welding of two hemispheres, and the hemispheres are formed by injection molding process.

3. The flow-probe ball for detecting the sediment characteristics of the flow of water in a hydroelectric generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical shell contains a plurality of hollow parts and the wall thickness is not less than 4 mm, and the plurality of hollow parts are connected by reinforcing ribs.

4. A system for detecting the characteristics of sediment in flow water of a hydroelectric generating set, characterized in that, The system comprises a plurality of detection balls as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, a launching subsystem, a salvaging subsystem and a data processing subsystem, the launching subsystem is used for launching the detection balls, the salvaging subsystem is used for salvaging the detection balls, and the data processing subsystem is used for processing the sediment data collected by the detection balls.

5. The monitoring system for in-situ real-time monitoring of internal flow passage of hydroelectric generating units as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The launching subsystem comprises a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles, and the unmanned aerial vehicles are mounted with a launching basket at the bottom, and the launching basket is used for carrying the detection balls; or, the launching subsystem comprises a plurality of pneumatic launching devices.

6. The monitoring system for in-situ real-time monitoring of internal flow passage of hydroelectric generating units as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The salvaging subsystem comprises an automatic water surface floating object collecting ship and a host computer, the detection balls and the automatic water surface floating object collecting ship are communicatively connected to the host computer, and the spherical shell surface of the detection ball is painted; and / or, the salvaging subsystem comprises a net, which is a handheld net or a fixed intercepting net.

7. The monitoring system for in-situ real-time monitoring of internal flow passage of hydroelectric generating units as claimed in claim 4 wherein, The data processing subsystem comprises a sample processing module and a sample data collection and processing module, the sample processing module is used for processing the sediment samples collected by the detection balls and uploading the obtained sediment data to the sample data collection and processing module.

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