Basin water resource scheduling model construction method based on formalized matrix

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a basin water resource scheduling model based on a formalized matrix. The method comprises the following steps: dividing calculation units; constructing a drainage basin water cycle scheduling matrix, and defining a calculation unit as a matrix element; unit water circulation calculation: predicting interval incoming water and industry water demand of each calculation unit, and simulating a water consumption and drainage taking process based on incoming water prediction, industry water demand and engineering water supply capacity of the calculation units; determining a single-reservoir water supply scheduling rule of the reservoir; and finally, according to the drainage basin water circulation scheduling matrix, simulating a drainage basin water resource scheduling process, and outputting a water demand satisfaction rate of each water consumption unit and a drainage basin important monitoring section flow guarantee rate. Therefore, the drainage basin water circulation scheduling matrix is used for representing the spatial layout of drainage basin water resource scheduling, drainage basin water resource scheduling is effectively achieved, meanwhile, visualization of drainage basin water resource scheduling model results can be enhanced, and the working efficiency of drainage basin water resource scheduling research workers is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of water resource scheduling, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a watershed water resource scheduling model based on a formalized matrix. Background Art

[0002] In the basin water cycle calculation of basin water resources scheduling, the model's calculation of the basin water cycle follows the natural law from upstream to downstream, from tributaries to the main stream. In this calculation process, it is necessary to establish hydraulic connections between the various intervals (units) in the basin in the machine model, such as determining whether there is a direct water resource exchange between intervals (units). Water resource exchange is not limited to one-to-one between two intervals (units), but also exists in many-to-one situations between multiple intervals (units).

[0003] At present, in the model, this kind of water conservancy connection is mainly determined by using the water conservancy connection data table to directly determine whether there is a water conservancy connection between each interval (unit). This method often uses the water conservancy connection data table as a black box data in the simulation calculation of the basin water resources scheduling model. It is difficult for users of the basin water resources scheduling model to directly feel the spatial distribution of the scheduling results from the calculation results of the model, and it is even more difficult to directly make a spatial judgment on the scheduling results for the entire basin. Therefore, there are often two processes in the development of basin water resources scheduling work. One is the construction of the basin water resources scheduling model and the preparation of the scheduling plan, and the other is the construction of the basin water resources scheduling system platform. One of the main purposes of the operation platform construction is to improve the visualization of basin water resources scheduling, so that intuitive spatial judgment and decision-making can be made on the scheduling results. However, the cost of building a water resources scheduling system platform is too high, and there is often no need to build a platform. Therefore, improving the visualization of the basin water resources scheduling model can improve efficiency and reduce costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, aiming to express the spatial water cycle process of the watershed by using a matrix, and to improve the visibility and readability of the watershed water resources scheduling model based on the watershed water cycle matrix.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the water cluster distribution, the dispatching project and the monitoring section location, and divide the calculation units based on this, the calculation units include the water system calculation unit of the basin and the dispatching project calculation unit; Step S2: construct a basin water cycle scheduling matrix, define the basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix; Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process and drainage process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand and water supply capacity of the calculation unit; Step S4: determining a single reservoir water supply dispatching rule for a reservoir in a dispatching engineering calculation unit; Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, specify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on the preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations; Step S5: construct the constraint conditions and objective function of the basin water resources dispatching, simulate the basin water resources dispatching process according to the basin water cycle dispatching matrix, obtain the reservoir dispatching process of each dispatching engineering calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin; Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

[0006] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows: Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use ArcGIS tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution; Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the water use cluster distribution within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes agricultural distribution, population distribution and industrial distribution; Step S13: Collect the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and regulation project information and storage and regulation project information, and obtain the monitoring section location within the watershed; Step S14: Based on the distribution of water system in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for basin water resource scheduling are divided with scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include basin water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units.

[0007] Furthermore, step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S21: Based on the flow consistency characteristics and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is ​​constructed as a water resources dispatching matrix to represent the water cycle process in the watershed; Step S22: Matrix Columns Represents the tributaries of the river. The column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. The last row of the matrix is Represents the mainstream of the river, and the last row of elements are the watershed system and dispatching projects on the mainstream; expressed as: ; ; ; In the formula, is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix; Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and dispatching engineering calculation units, a matrix is ​​established, wherein the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the dispatching engineering calculation units, the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers, and the dispatching engineering calculation units are represented by negative integers; Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

[0008] Furthermore, step 3 is specifically as follows: Step S31: Determine the cycle and time step of water resources dispatch in the basin, wherein the cycle and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent; Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and predicting water demand through basin runoff analysis; Step S33: Based on the water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, living demand, industrial demand and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion project, water lifting project and water storage project within the scope of the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity; based on the predicted water demand, water demand and project water supply capacity, the actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated, and the water consumption of the calculation unit is calculated according to the water consumption rate of different industries; it is expressed as: ; Where: For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The actual water consumption, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period Socio-economic water demand, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The engineering water supply capacity For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

[0009] Furthermore, step 4 is specifically as follows: Step S41: determining the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, which include water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology and shipping functions; determining the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit; taking the inflow flow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions of the scheduling engineering unit; Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs; Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the dispatching engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the dispatching engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir and the reservoir discharge capacity, and the water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water storage level and the flood limit water level; Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit; Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the constraints and objective function for basin water resources scheduling in step S5 are as follows: Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically: Reservoir water level constraints: ; Reservoir discharge constraints: ; Reservoir water balance constraints: ; Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0; In the formula, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, , They are Reservoir during the period The minimum and maximum reservoir water levels, , They are Reservoir The minimum and maximum water discharge volume during the period; , They are Reservoir The amount of water in the reservoir at the end and beginning of the period, , , They are Reservoir The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period; Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators; Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then the main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

[0011] Furthermore, step S21 is specifically as follows: Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of a river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, and the river system is formalized using a matrix; Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is ​​used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling engineering calculation unit within the watershed.

[0012] Further, step S53 is specifically as follows: Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first, and the natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix, and the discharge flow of each tributary, i.e., each column of the matrix, into the main stream, i.e., the last row of the matrix, is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows: ; In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The water volume of the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into the upstream calculation unit of the tributary; Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the mainstream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows: ; In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] Based on the spatial layout of water resources scheduling in the entire river basin, the present invention proposes a method for constructing a river basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix. The river basin water cycle scheduling matrix is ​​used to characterize the spatial layout of river basin water resources scheduling, which effectively realizes river basin water resources scheduling. At the same time, it can enhance the visualization of the results of the river basin water resources scheduling model and improve the work efficiency of the staff studying river basin water resources scheduling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of a method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 , a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the water cluster distribution, the dispatching project and the monitoring section location, and divide the calculation units based on this, the calculation units include the water system calculation unit of the basin and the dispatching project calculation unit; Step S2: construct a basin water cycle scheduling matrix, define the basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix; Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process and drainage process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand and water supply capacity of the calculation unit; Step S4: determining a single reservoir water supply dispatching rule for a reservoir in a dispatching engineering calculation unit; Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, specify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on the preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations; Step S5: construct the constraint conditions and objective function of the basin water resources dispatching, simulate the basin water resources dispatching process according to the basin water cycle dispatching matrix, obtain the reservoir dispatching process of each dispatching engineering calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin; Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

[0018] Furthermore, step S1 is specifically as follows: Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use ArcGIS tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution; Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the water use cluster distribution within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes agricultural distribution, population distribution and industrial distribution; Step S13: Collect the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and regulation project information and storage and regulation project information, and obtain the monitoring section location within the watershed; Step S14: Based on the distribution of water system in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for basin water resource scheduling are divided with scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include basin water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units.

[0019] Furthermore, step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S21: Based on the flow consistency characteristics and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is ​​constructed as a water resources dispatching matrix to represent the water cycle process in the watershed; Step S22: Matrix Columns Represents the tributaries of the river. The column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. The last row of the matrix is Represents the mainstream of the river, and the last row of elements are the watershed system and dispatching projects on the mainstream; expressed as: ; ; ; In the formula, is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix; Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and dispatching engineering calculation units, a matrix is ​​established, wherein the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the dispatching engineering calculation units, the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers, and the dispatching engineering calculation units are represented by negative integers; Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

[0020] Furthermore, step 3 is specifically as follows: Step S31: Determine the cycle and time step of water resources dispatch in the basin, wherein the cycle and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent; Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and predicting water demand through basin runoff analysis; Step S33: Based on the water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, living demand, industrial demand and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion project, water lifting project and water storage project within the scope of the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity; based on the predicted water demand, water demand and project water supply capacity, the actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated, and the water consumption of the calculation unit is calculated according to the water consumption rate of different industries; it is expressed as: ; Where: For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The actual water consumption, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period Socio-economic water demand, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The engineering water supply capacity For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

[0021] Furthermore, step 4 is specifically as follows: Step S41: determining the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, which include water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology and shipping functions; determining the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit; taking the inflow flow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions of the scheduling engineering unit; Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs; Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the dispatching engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the dispatching engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir and the reservoir discharge capacity, and the water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water storage level and the flood limit water level; Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit; Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the constraints and objective function for basin water resources scheduling in step S5 are as follows: Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically: Reservoir water level constraints: ; Reservoir discharge constraints: ; Reservoir water balance constraints: ; Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0; In the formula, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, , They are Reservoir during the period The minimum and maximum reservoir water levels, , They are Reservoir The minimum and maximum water discharge volume during the period; , They are Reservoir The amount of water in the reservoir at the end and beginning of the period, , , They are Reservoir The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period; Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators; Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then the main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

[0023] Furthermore, step S21 is specifically as follows: Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of a river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, and the river system is formalized using a matrix; Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is ​​used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling engineering calculation unit within the watershed.

[0024] Further, step S53 is specifically as follows: Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first, and the natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix, and the discharge flow of each tributary, i.e., each column of the matrix, into the main stream, i.e., the last row of the matrix, is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows: ; In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The water volume of the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into the upstream calculation unit of the tributary; Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the mainstream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows: ; In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the water system distribution of the basin, the water cluster distribution, the dispatching project and the monitoring section location, and divide the calculation units based on this, the calculation units include the water system calculation unit of the basin and the dispatching project calculation unit; Step S2: construct a basin water cycle scheduling matrix, define the basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit as matrix elements, define the tributaries of the river system as the columns of the matrix, and define the main stream of the river system as the last row of the matrix; Step S3: predicting the water inflow and water use demand of each watershed water system calculation unit, and simulating the water intake process, water use process, water consumption process and drainage process of the corresponding watershed water system calculation unit based on the water inflow demand, water use demand and water supply capacity of the calculation unit; Step S4: determining a single reservoir water supply dispatching rule for a reservoir in a dispatching engineering calculation unit; Collect the engineering parameters corresponding to the scheduling engineering calculation unit, specify the inflow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions, and determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules based on the preset regulations; the regulations include flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations; Step S5: construct the constraint conditions and objective function of the basin water resources dispatching, simulate the basin water resources dispatching process according to the basin water cycle dispatching matrix, obtain the reservoir dispatching process of each dispatching engineering calculation unit and the flow process of important monitoring sections in the basin; Step S6: Analyze and calculate the water demand satisfaction rate of each calculation unit and the flow guarantee rate of the monitoring section after the water resources scheduling of the basin.

2. According to claim 1, a method for constructing a basin water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix is ​​characterized in that: Step S1 is specifically as follows: Step S11: Collect basin terrain elevation data, and use ArcGIS tools to draw a basin river system map based on it, so as to determine the basin range, that is, the basin water system distribution; Step S12: Based on the administrative divisions within the watershed, the water use cluster distribution within the watershed is determined according to the layout of the administrative divisions and the structural characteristics of the water use in the watershed; the layout of the administrative divisions includes agricultural distribution, population distribution and industrial distribution; Step S13: Collect the dispatching projects within the watershed, including water diversion and regulation project information and storage and regulation project information, and obtain the monitoring section location within the watershed; Step S14: Based on the distribution of water system in the basin and the distribution of water-using clusters, the calculation units for basin water resource scheduling are divided with scheduling projects and monitoring section locations as nodes, wherein the calculation units include basin water system calculation units and scheduling project calculation units.

3. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S21: Based on the flow consistency characteristics and physical morphological characteristics of the river system, a matrix is ​​constructed as a water resources dispatching matrix to represent the water cycle process in the watershed; Step S22: Matrix The columns Represents the tributaries of the river. The column elements are the calculation units and scheduling projects on the tributaries. The last row of the matrix is Represents the mainstream of the river, and the last row of elements are the watershed system and dispatching projects on the mainstream; expressed as: ； ； ； Where: is a matrix, is the total number of rows in the matrix, is the total number of columns of the matrix; Step S23: Based on the divided watershed water system calculation units and dispatching engineering calculation units, a matrix is ​​established, wherein the matrix elements include the watershed water system calculation units and the dispatching engineering calculation units, the watershed water system calculation units are represented by positive integers, and the dispatching engineering calculation units are represented by negative integers; Step S24: When the number of units of each tributary of the river is different, based on the definition that each row or column of the matrix has the same number of elements, 0 is used as the water-passing unit element to fill the matrix elements of the non-basin water system calculation unit and the scheduling project calculation unit to ensure that each tributary has the same number of elements in each column of the matrix.

4. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step 3 is as follows: Step S31: Determine the cycle and time step of water resources dispatch in the basin, wherein the cycle and time step of water demand and water demand are consistent; Step S32: combining meteorological data, and calculating and predicting water demand through basin runoff analysis; Step S33: Based on the water use characteristics, the water demand of the water system calculation unit in the basin is divided into agricultural demand, living demand, industrial demand and river demand. The water demand is calculated using the quota method. The water supply capacity of the water diversion project, water lifting project and water storage project within the scope of the water system calculation unit in the basin is analyzed, that is, the project water supply capacity; based on the predicted water demand, water demand and project water supply capacity, the actual water consumption of the calculation unit is simulated, and the water consumption of the calculation unit is calculated according to the water consumption rate of different industries; it is expressed as: ； Where: For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The actual water consumption, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period Socio-economic water demand, For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The engineering water supply capacity For the matrix The calculation unit of the watershed system in the time period The amount of natural water, Represents a minimum evaluation function.

5. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step 4 is as follows: Step S41: determining the functions of each scheduling engineering calculation unit, which include water supply, flood control, power generation, irrigation, ecology and shipping functions; determining the storage and discharge requirements, water supply tasks and water supply methods of the scheduling engineering calculation unit based on the functions and the flood control scheduling regulations and benefit scheduling regulations of the corresponding scheduling engineering calculation unit; taking the inflow flow and engineering water supply tasks as input conditions of the scheduling engineering unit; Among them, the dispatching project includes reservoirs; Step S42: clarifying the engineering characteristic parameters of the dispatching engineering calculation unit, the engineering characteristic parameters include the water level characteristic value of the dispatching engineering, the water level-storage capacity relationship curve of the reservoir and the reservoir discharge capacity, and the water level characteristic value includes the dead water level, the normal water storage level and the flood limit water level; Step S43: selecting water level, reservoir capacity, inflow or outflow as the solution variable output by the scheduling engineering calculation unit; Step S44: Based on this, determine the single reservoir water supply scheduling rules of the reservoir in the scheduling engineering calculation unit.

6. A method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 5, characterized in that: The constraints and objective function for basin water resources scheduling in step S5 are as follows: Step S51: The constraints for basin water resources scheduling are as follows; specifically: Reservoir water level constraints: ; Reservoir discharge constraints: ; Reservoir water balance constraints: ; Non-negative constraint: All variables involved in the calculation process are greater than or equal to 0; In the formula, for Reservoir during the period The reservoir water level, , They are Reservoir during the period The lowest and highest reservoir water levels, , They are Reservoir The minimum and maximum water discharge volume in each period; , They are Reservoir The amount of water in the reservoir at the end and beginning of the period, , , They are Reservoir The amount of water entering, discarding and leaving the reservoir during the period, for Reservoir The amount of water supplied directly from the reservoir area during the period; Step S52: constructing an objective function for basin water resources scheduling based on preset social benefit indicators or economic benefit indicators; Step S53: Use the matrix factory Matlab tool to read the constructed matrix as the basin water cycle scheduling matrix, follow the calculation principle of tributaries first and then the main stream, from upstream to downstream, calculate from the river source to the river mouth as a basin water resources scheduling trial calculation, optimize the scheduling process of each reservoir, and seek the Pareto solution.

7. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step S21 is specifically as follows: Step S21a: Based on the similarity between the main and tributary streams of a river and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, the main and tributary streams of a river are formalized into the trunk, branches and forks of a tree, and the trunk, branches and forks of a tree are formalized into rows and columns of a matrix, and the river system is formalized using a matrix; Step S21b: The spatial layout of the main and tributary rivers of the water system is represented according to the row and column spatial characteristics of the matrix, and each element of the matrix is ​​used to represent the watershed water system calculation unit and the scheduling engineering calculation unit within the watershed.

8. The method for constructing a watershed water resources scheduling model based on a formalized matrix according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Step S53 is specifically as follows: Step S53a: Based on the principle of calculating tributaries first, the columns of the matrix are calculated first, and the natural-social binary water cycle of the tributary is calculated starting from the first non-zero cell in each column of the matrix, and the discharge flow of each tributary, i.e., each column of the matrix, into the main stream, i.e., the last row of the matrix, is calculated one by one. The formula is as follows: ； In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The water volume of the interval, To calculate the water consumption of the unit's socio-economic water use, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into the upstream calculation unit of the tributary; Step S53b: After simulating and calculating the natural-social binary water cycle of each tributary, simulate and calculate the natural-social binary water cycle of the mainstream, starting from the first calculation unit in the last row of the matrix and calculating from upstream to downstream to the last calculation unit, the formula is as follows: ； In the formula, For computing unit The amount of water discharged to the next calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water discharged from the upstream calculation unit of the main stream into this calculation unit, For computing unit The amount of water flowing into a tributary.

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