Compound feed for improving survival rate of juvenile macrobrachium rosenbergii

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile macrobrachium rosenbergii, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal breeding. The fish meal, the soybean meal, the fermented soybean meal, the algae, the starch, the fat, the compound amino acid, the compound vitamin, the mineral substances and the immune polysaccharide are used as raw materials, the fish meal, the soybean meal and the fermented soybean meal are used for providing protein needed by growth of the juvenile shrimps, and the soybean meal and the fermented soybean meal can replace part of the fish meal, so that healthy growth of the juvenile shrimps is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the feed cost is reduced; the addition of algae, immune polysaccharide and compound amino acid can enhance the immunity and anti-stress ability of the juvenile shrimps, and also can improve the utilization rate of protein and other nutritional ingredients, thereby improving the feed efficiency; meanwhile, starch, fat, multivitamins and mineral substances are added to provide nutritional ingredients for healthy growth of the juvenile shrimps, and rapid growth and healthy development of the juvenile shrimps are promoted; and the survival rate of juvenile macrobrachium rosenbergii is increased through the combined action of the components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture of aquatic animals, and particularly relates to a compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Background Art

[0002] Macrobrachium rosenbergii, also known as Malaysian prawn and freshwater long-armed prawn, has high protein content in its meat, contains various vitamins and trace elements essential for the human body, and is a high-protein nutritious aquatic product. Moreover, Macrobrachium rosenbergii has the advantages of fast growth, short breeding cycle, large individual size, high economic value, etc., and is an excellent object for freshwater aquaculture.

[0003] Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an omnivorous animal. Newly hatched larvae mainly feed on Artemia nauplii. After 4-5 molts and growing up, they can feed on small biological baits such as fish meat fragments, fish eggs, and egg yolks. Juvenile prawns after freshwater treatment become omnivorous and mainly feed on aquatic insect larvae, small crustaceans, aquatic worms, and organic debris. However, the cultivation of live biological baits requires large-scale infrastructure investment and occupies a large amount of space, resulting in too high production costs of live baits. At the same time, the production of live baits is relatively complex, and a large amount of labor input is required to match the production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings, which is not conducive to the large-scale development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding. Therefore, compound feeds formulated according to the growth stage, nutritional requirements, and living habits of aquatic animals have become substitutes for live baits.

[0004] Existing compound feeds mainly use fish meal, soybean meal, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals as raw materials. As an omnivorous animal, Macrobrachium rosenbergii has different requirements for protein in the feed at different growth stages. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to the proportions of nutritional components such as protein, fat, and carbohydrates in the feed formula. In recent years, some research teams have conducted in-depth research on the appropriate protein-lipid ratio, protein-carbohydrate ratio, and carbohydrate-lipid ratio of Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed. However, how to ensure the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii while providing sufficient nutritional components for them is still a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprising the following components in weight percentage: 20-40% of fish meal, 15-30% of soybean meal, 10-20% of fermented soybean meal, 10-20% of algae, 12-25% of starch, 4-10% of fat, 3-5% of compound amino acids, 1-2% of compound vitamins, 1-2% of minerals, and 0.1-0.4% of immune polysaccharide.

[0008] Technical principle:

[0009] In the present invention, fish meal, soybean meal and fermented soybean meal are used to provide the protein required for the growth of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Soybean meal and fermented soybean meal can replace part of the fish meal, while ensuring the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, reducing the feed cost; the addition of algae, immune polysaccharides and compound amino acids can enhance the immunity and stress resistance of juvenile shrimps, enhance the resistance of the shrimp body to pathogens and harsh environments, and can also improve the utilization rate of protein and other nutrients, thereby improving the feed efficiency; at the same time, starch, fat, compound vitamins and minerals are added to provide nutrients for the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, promoting their rapid growth and healthy development; the combined action of several components improves the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0010] Furthermore, the algae is composed of Spirulina, Chlorella and Undaria pinnatifida according to the mass ratio of (3-6):(2-5):(1-3).

[0011] Furthermore, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine according to the mass ratio of (5-9):(4-8):(2-5):(0.5-2).

[0012] Furthermore, the immune polysaccharides are composed of astragalus polysaccharides, Yupingfeng polysaccharides and chitosan according to the mass ratio of (2-5):(0.5-2):(5-10).

[0013] Furthermore, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin according to the mass ratio of (4-5):(3-5):(3-4).

[0014] Furthermore, the compound vitamins are composed of the following components: vitamin A 10-30 g / kg, vitamin D3 10-20 g / kg, vitamin E 120-200 g / kg, vitamin B1 10-20 g / kg, vitamin B2 20-30 g / kg, vitamin B6 20-30 g / kg, vitamin B12 0.5-2 g / kg, vitamin K3 5-10 g / kg, niacin 110-130 g / kg, inositol 220-320 g / kg, calcium pantothenate 100-200 g / kg, folic acid 5-10 g / kg, biotin 1-5 g / kg and choline chloride 300-420 g / kg.

[0015] Furthermore, the minerals are composed of the following components: ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 80-150 g / kg, MnSO 4 ·H 2 O 3-5 g / kg, CuSO 4 ·5H2 O 3 - 5 g / kg, CoSO 4 ·7H 2 O 3 - 5 g / kg, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100 - 160 g / kg, Na 2 SeO 3 8 - 15 g / kg, KCl 200 - 280 g / kg, MgSO 4 ·H 2 O 90 - 130 g / kg, Na 2 SO 4 180 - 300 g / kg and zeolite powder 310 - 410 g / kg.

[0016] Furthermore, the formulated feed comprises the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 25 - 35%, soybean meal 18 - 28%, fermented soybean meal 12 - 18%, algae 15 - 20%, starch 15 - 23%, fat 5 - 8%, compound amino acids 3 - 4%, compound vitamins 1 - 2%, minerals 1 - 2% and immune polysaccharide 0.1 - 0.3%.

[0017] The present invention provides a preparation method of the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprising the following steps: weighing each component according to the weight ratio, and then successively through mixing, granulating and drying to obtain the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0018] The present invention also provides an application of the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii in juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii as described in the above technical solution.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] The formulated feed provided by the present invention can enhance the immune performance and growth ability of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, provide sufficient nutritional components for the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, promote their rapid growth and healthy development, reduce the mortality rate of juvenile shrimps, and improve the survival rate.

[0021] The raw materials used in the present invention for preparing the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii are stable in source, extensive, and have no toxic and side effects. Specific Embodiments

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] The embodiment of the present invention provides a compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprising the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 20-40%, soybean meal 15-30%, fermented soybean meal 10-20%, algae 10-20%, starch 12-25%, fat 4-10%, compound amino acids 3-5%, compound vitamins 1-2%, minerals 1-2% and immunopolysaccharide 0.1-0.4%.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 20-40% of fish meal, and is further preferably 25-35%. Fish meal is a high-quality animal protein raw material with high protein content and rich in nutrients such as amino acids, fat, minerals and vitamins. It can provide high-quality protein required for the growth of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, enhance immunity, promote the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps and improve the survival rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 15-30% of soybean meal, and is further preferably 18-28%. The price of fish meal is relatively high and the resources are limited. Soybean meal is a by-product obtained after extracting soybean oil from soybeans and is a high-quality plant protein raw material with the advantages of low price and high protein content. In the present invention, using soybean meal to replace part of the fish meal can ensure the healthy growth of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii while reducing the feed cost and improving the economic benefits.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 10-20% of fermented soybean meal, and is further preferably 12-18%. After fermentation treatment, soybean meal can significantly reduce the anti-nutritional factors, and the obtained fermented soybean meal has the advantages of high protein content, low anti-nutritional factors and high digestibility and absorption rate. By further adding fermented soybean meal in the present invention and combining with soybean meal to replace part of the fish meal, it is beneficial to improve the feed intake, growth performance and immunity of juvenile shrimps, and at the same time reduce the feed cost.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 10-20% of algae, and is further preferably 15-20%. The algae in the present invention can not only provide rich nutrients for the healthy growth of shrimps, but also enhance the immunity of juvenile shrimps and improve the survival rate.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the algae are composed of Spirulina, Chlorella vulgaris and Undaria pinnatifida in a mass ratio of (3 - 6)∶(2 - 5)∶(1 - 3), and more preferably (3 - 5)∶(2 - 4)∶(2 - 3). Spirulina is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, which can promote the growth and development of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Chlorella vulgaris contains abundant carbohydrates and proteins, which can provide the energy and nutrients required by juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii. At the same time, Chlorella vulgaris can significantly enhance the resistance of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii to Aeromonas hydrophila; Undaria pinnatifida can provide rich nutrients for juvenile shrimps, such as polysaccharides, proteins and minerals, which helps to enhance the immunity of juvenile shrimps and promote their healthy growth. The combined action of Spirulina, Chlorella vulgaris and Undaria pinnatifida in the present invention provides rich nutrients for the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, improves the immunity of juvenile shrimps, and thus improves the survival rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, taking Spirulina as an example, the Spirulina refers to the Spirulina thallus, which can be obtained by culturing and separating Spirulina, and can be further subjected to conventional treatments such as drying, pulverizing and / or impurity removal as needed.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention includes 12 - 25% of starch, and more preferably 15 - 23%. The starch in the present invention serves as a sugar source and participates in the metabolic process of the shrimp body. Adding an appropriate amount of starch can enable juvenile shrimps to better absorb nutrients, and at the same time can also improve the palatability of the feed, promote the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, and ensure the survival rate.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the starch is selected from one or more of wheat starch and corn starch.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention includes 4 - 10% of fat, and more preferably 5 - 8%. Fat plays an important role in the energy metabolism and growth and development of shrimps. It is an important component of the biological membrane structure of shrimps. The addition of fat can provide energy and essential fatty acids for the growth of juvenile shrimps, and at the same time improve the palatability of the feed, promote the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps, and ensure the survival rate.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin in a mass ratio of (4 - 5)∶(3 - 5)∶(3 - 4). The present invention uses soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin as raw materials to provide fat. Soybean oil is rich in linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin D, lecithin, etc. Linseed oil is rich in α-linolenic acid, vitamin E, phytosterols, polyphenols, etc. Lecithin is the main component of biological membranes. Several components together provide energy and essential fatty acids for the growth of juvenile shrimps, and can also enhance the immunity of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii and promote their healthy growth, thereby improving the survival rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 3-5% of compound amino acids, more preferably 3-4%. Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. By adding compound amino acids to the formulated feed, the present invention helps to improve the growth performance, immunity and feed utilization rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of (5-9):(4-8):(2-5):(0.5-2), more preferably (6-7):(5-7):(3-5):(0.5-1.5). Macrobrachium rosenbergii can effectively utilize lysine for growth. Lysine can improve the lysozyme activity and total antioxidant capacity of the liver, and reduce the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver; arginine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine are all essential amino acids for the growth of juvenile shrimps, which can participate in protein synthesis and promote the healthy growth of juvenile shrimps; the combined action of several amino acids promotes the growth of juvenile shrimps, enhances their immunity, ensures their healthy growth and good development, and helps to improve the survival rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the lysine is more preferably L-lysine.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the formulated feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 1-2% of compound vitamins. Vitamins are essential nutrients for the normal growth, development and reproduction of shrimps, and generally cannot be synthesized by themselves or the synthesis amount is very small. By adding compound vitamins, the present invention helps to regulate the metabolic process in shrimps, promote their growth, and at the same time can enhance the immune ability of the shrimp body, improve its resistance to pathogens, and cooperate with other components to jointly improve the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the compound vitamins are composed of the following components: vitamin A 10-30 g / kg, vitamin D3 10-20 g / kg, vitamin E 120-200 g / kg, vitamin B1 10-20 g / kg, vitamin B2 20-30 g / kg, vitamin B6 20-30 g / kg, vitamin B12 0.5-2 g / kg, vitamin K3 5-10 g / kg, niacin 110-130 g / kg, inositol 220-320 g / kg, calcium pantothenate 100-200 g / kg, folic acid 5-10 g / kg, biotin 1-5 g / kg and choline chloride 300-420 g / kg.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 1-2% minerals. Minerals are closely related to physiological processes such as material metabolism, osmotic regulation, and acid-base balance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and are of great significance for maintaining its normal growth, development, health, and reproduction. By adding minerals, the growth performance of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii can be significantly improved, and at the same time, it helps to reduce the negative impact of stress on juvenile shrimps, promoting their rapid growth and healthy development.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the minerals consist of the following components: ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 80 - 150 g / kg, MnSO 4 ·H 2 O 3 - 5 g / kg, CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 3 - 5 g / kg, CoSO 4 ·7H 2 O 3 - 5 g / kg, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 100 - 160 g / kg, Na 2 SeO 3 8 - 15 g / kg, KCl 200 - 280 g / kg, MgSO 4 ·H 2 O 90 - 130 g / kg, Na 2 SO 4 180 - 300 g / kg, and zeolite powder 310 - 410 g / kg.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention comprises 0.1 - 0.4% immune polysaccharide, more preferably 0.1 - 0.3%. The addition of immune polysaccharide in the present invention can improve the immune function and stress resistance of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, enhance the resistance of shrimps to pathogens and harsh environments, and also improve the utilization rate of protein and other nutrients, thereby improving the feed efficiency.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the immunopolysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan in a mass ratio of (2 - 5)∶(0.5 - 2)∶(5 - 10), and more preferably (2 - 4)∶(0.8 - 1.6)∶(6 - 10). In the present invention, astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan are used as immunopolysaccharides. Astragalus polysaccharide has antioxidant effects, can reduce the damage of oxidative stress to juvenile shrimps, and enhance the stress resistance of juvenile shrimps; Yupingfeng polysaccharide can significantly improve the immune function of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, enhance its resistance to pathogens, and also reduce the damage of oxidative stress to juvenile shrimps; chitosan can reduce the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water body, thereby reducing the disease incidence rate. The combined action of several components improves the survival rate of juvenile shrimps.

[0044] The present invention provides a preparation method of the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: weighing each component according to the weight ratio, and then successively performing mixing, granulation and drying to obtain the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 1 - 2 mm.

[0046] The present invention also provides an application of the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii described in the above technical solution in juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials in the embodiments of the present invention are all obtained through commercial channels.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii is composed of the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 25.5%, soybean meal 18.3%, fermented soybean meal 13.5%, algae 13.6%, corn starch 15.8%, fat 6.3%, compound amino acids 4.7%, compound vitamins 1%, minerals 1% and immunopolysaccharide 0.3%; wherein, the algae is composed of spirulina, chlorella and wakame in a mass ratio of 4∶3∶2, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin in a mass ratio of 4∶4∶3, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 7∶5∶3∶1.5; the immunopolysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan in a mass ratio of 4∶0.8∶7;

[0050] The compound vitamin consists of the following components: vitamin A 15 g / kg, vitamin D3 15 g / kg, vitamin E 150 g / kg, vitamin B1 10 g / kg, vitamin B2 25 g / kg, vitamin B6 20 g / kg, vitamin B12 1 g / kg, vitamin K3 10 g / kg, nicotinic acid 110 g / kg, inositol 220 g / kg, calcium pantothenate 100 g / kg, folic acid 10 g / kg, biotin 4 g / kg, and choline chloride 310 g / kg;

[0051] The minerals consist of the following components: ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O 80 g / kg, MnSO 4 ·H 2 O 5 g / kg, CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 5 g / kg, CoSO 4 ·7H 2 O 5 g / kg, FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 105 g / kg, Na 2 SeO 3 10 g / kg, KCl 200 g / kg, MgSO 4 ·H 2 O 100 g / kg, Na 2 SO 4 180 g / kg, and zeolite powder 310 g / kg.

[0052] The preparation method of the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii is as follows: weigh the above components according to the weight ratio, and then successively mix, granulate, and dry them to obtain the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii consists of the following components by weight percentage: fish meal 30.5%, soybean meal 17.2%, fermented soybean meal 14.1%, algae 11.8%, wheat starch 15.5%, fat 4.8%, compound amino acids 3.8%, compound vitamin 1%, minerals 1%, and immune polysaccharide 0.3%; among them, the algae consists of Spirulina, Chlorella, and Undaria pinnatifida in a mass ratio of 6:4:3, the fat consists of soybean oil, linseed oil, and lecithin in a mass ratio of 4:5:3, the compound amino acids consist of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid, and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 8:6:3:1.5; the immune polysaccharide consists of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide, and chitosan in a mass ratio of 4:1.2:8; the compositions of the compound vitamin and minerals are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is composed of the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 26.5%, soybean meal 18.8%, fermented soybean meal 12.8%, algae 13.4%, corn starch 14.6%, fat 6.9%, compound amino acids 4.6%, compound vitamins 1%, minerals 1% and immune polysaccharide 0.4%; wherein, the algae is composed of Spirulina, Chlorella and Undaria pinnatifida according to the mass ratio of 6:2:3, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 5:3:3, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine according to the mass ratio of 5:8:3:2; the immune polysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 4:2:5; the composition of the compound vitamins and minerals is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is composed of the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 35.5%, soybean meal 12.3%, fermented soybean meal 15.4%, algae 15.1%, wheat starch 12.3%, fat 4.1%, compound amino acids 3%, compound vitamins 1%, minerals 1% and immune polysaccharide 0.3%; wherein, the algae is composed of Spirulina, Chlorella and Undaria pinnatifida according to the mass ratio of 5:4:1, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 4:4:4, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine according to the mass ratio of 9:6:4:1.2; the immune polysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 5:0.5:10; the composition of the compound vitamins and minerals is the same as that in Example 1.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is composed of the following components in weight percentage: fish meal 22.1%, soybean meal 21.3%, fermented soybean meal 13.8%, algae 14.3%, corn starch 12.8%, fat 8.5%, compound amino acids 5%, compound vitamins 1%, minerals 1% and immune polysaccharide 0.2%; wherein, the algae is composed of Spirulina, Chlorella and Undaria pinnatifida according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 4:3:4, the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine according to the mass ratio of 8:6:2:0.5; the immune polysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 4:0.8:9; the composition of the compound vitamins and minerals is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] A compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: fish meal 34.4%, soybean meal 18.3%, fermented soybean meal 18.5%, corn starch 15.8%, fat 6.3%, L-amino acids 4.7%, compound vitamins 1%, minerals 1%; wherein, the fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin according to the mass ratio of 4:4:3, and the composition of the compound vitamins and minerals is the same as that in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that the algae is Spirulina, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The difference from Example 1 is that the algae is composed of Spirulina, Chlorella and Undaria pinnatifida according to the mass ratio of 2:8:5, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the immunopolysaccharide is Yupingfeng polysaccharide, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 5

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that the immunopolysaccharide is composed of Astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan according to the mass ratio of 8:0.1:3, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 6

[0072] The difference from Example 1 is that the compound amino acids are composed of arginine, L-lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine according to the mass ratio of 4:10:1:1.5, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 7

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that the compound amino acids are composed of arginine and L-lysine according to the mass ratio of 7:5, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 8

[0076] The difference from Example 1 is that the soybean meal is replaced with fermented soybean meal in equal mass, and the others are the same as Example 1.

[0077] 1300 healthy juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii with consistent size were selected and evenly divided into 13 groups, with 100 in each group. They were respectively fed with the compound feeds for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii prepared in Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Examples 1 - 8. After 90 days of feeding until they grew into adult shrimps, 30 were randomly selected from each group and artificially infected with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila, and the mortality rate was counted. The results are shown in Table 1. Another 30 shrimps were randomly selected from each group to weigh and measure the body length. The total weight and the average body length are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Table 1, the compound feed provided by the present invention can promote the rapid growth and healthy development of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii, significantly reduce the mortality rate of juvenile shrimps, improve the survival rate of juvenile shrimps. The mortality rate of juvenile shrimps is as low as 3.33%, and the average body length can reach 11.6 cm. For the compound feeds in Comparative Examples 1 - 7, due to the change in the composition ratio of the feed, the mortality rate of juvenile shrimps increased significantly, and the weight and body length decreased significantly. Especially in Comparative Example 1, the mortality rate was as high as 40%, indicating that the formula of the present invention can improve the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii. After replacing soybean meal with fermented soybean meal of equal mass in Comparative Example 8, although the survival rate of juvenile shrimps did not decrease significantly, the growth performance of juvenile shrimps decreased to a certain extent, indicating that the gradient combination of soybean meal and fermented soybean meal has a certain effect on improving the growth performance of juvenile shrimps.

[0082] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-40% of fish meal, 15-30% of soybean meal, 10-20% of fermented soybean meal, 10-20% of algae, 12-25% of starch, 4-10% of fat, 3-5% of complex amino acid, 1-2% of complex vitamin, 1-2% of minerals and 0.1-0.4% of immune polysaccharide.

2. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The algae are composed of spirulina, chlorella and undaria pinnatifida in a mass ratio of (3-6): (2-5): (1-3).

3. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite amino acid is composed of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of (5-9):(4-8):(2-5):(0.5-2).

4. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immune polysaccharide is composed of astragalus polysaccharide, Yupingfeng polysaccharide and chitosan in a mass ratio of (2-5): (0.5-2): (5-10).

5. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fat is composed of soybean oil, linseed oil and lecithin in a mass ratio of (4-5):(3-5):(3-4).

6. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multivitamin consists of the following components: vitamin A 10-30g / kg, vitamin D 3 10-20g / kg, vitamin E 120-200g / kg, vitamin B1 10-20g / kg, vitamin B2 20-30g / kg, vitamin B6 20-30g / kg, vitamin B12 0.5-2g / kg, vitamin K 35-10g / kg, niacin 110-130g / kg, inositol 220-320g / kg, calcium pantothenate 100-200g / kg, folic acid 5-10g / kg, biotin 1-5g / kg and choline chloride 300-420g / kg.

7. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral material consists of the following components: ZnSO4·7H2O 80-150g / kg, MnSO4·H2O 3-5g / kg, CuSO4·5H2O 3-5g / kg, CoSO4·7H2O 3-5g / kg, FeSO4·7H2O 100-160g / kg, Na2SeO38-15g / kg, KCl 200-280g / kg, MgSO4·H2O 90-130g / kg, Na2SO4180-300g / kg and zeolite powder 310-410g / kg.

8. The compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% fish meal, 18-28% soybean meal, 12-18% fermented soybean meal, 15-20% algae, 15-23% starch, 5-8% fat, 3-4% complex amino acids, 1-2% complex vitamins, 1-2% minerals and 0.1-0.3% immune polysaccharide.

9. A method for preparing a compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The components are weighed according to the weight ratio, and then mixed, granulated and dried in sequence to obtain the compound feed for improving the survival rate of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

10. Use of the compound feed for improving the survival rate of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles.

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