Automatic retracting device for marine anchor and mooring equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor and mooring machine, which relates to the technical field of marine machinery and comprises an outer shell, a mounting cavity, an anchor chain winding drum, a transmission shaft, a motor I, a buffer mechanism, a retracting and releasing mechanism, an anchor chain and a retracting and releasing opening, the device is reasonable and simple in structure, low in production cost and convenient to mount, during anchoring, the anchor chain is guided to be released stably and orderly through cooperative operation of the motor, a specific transmission structure and the retracting and releasing mechanism, winding and jamming are avoided, the releasing speed of the anchor chain can be reduced, and accurate berthing of a ship is assisted; in the anchoring and weighing process, the buffering mechanism is matched with the adjustable buffering mechanism, torque change of the transmission shaft can be effectively buffered, different working conditions can be adapted, key parts of equipment are protected, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced; during anchor weighing, the take-up and pay-off mechanism works reversely, the anchor chain outside the ship can be led in and wound on the anchor chain winding drum in order, meanwhile, the buffering mechanism continuously plays a role, and transmission shaft torque sudden change caused by stress or rotating speed change is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine machinery, and particularly relates to an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch. Background Art

[0002] In ship operations, the anchor winch is a key device to ensure the safe mooring of the ship. Many problems have emerged in the actual use of traditional marine anchor winches. Early anchor winches mostly adopted manual or simple mechanical drive methods. During the operations of dropping and raising the anchor, crew members had to consume a lot of physical strength and time, and the operation efficiency was extremely low, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-efficiency operations of modern ships. With the development of ship technology, electric anchor winches have gradually become popular. However, these traditional electric anchor winches have obvious defects in the control accuracy during the process of paying out and retrieving the anchor chain. When the ship is in complex sea conditions, such as strong currents and high winds and waves, the speed of the anchor chain during paying out and retrieving is likely to be unstable. The quickly paid-out anchor chain may cause the anchor gear to fail to reach the predetermined position accurately, and even impact the ship. When raising the anchor, if the chain retrieving speed is too fast, serious safety accidents such as anchor chain breakage may occur. At the same time, the traditional anchor winch is relatively weak in buffer design. The ship sways constantly under the influence of wind and waves at sea, and the tension borne by the anchor chain changes at all times. Without an effective buffer mechanism, the transmission shaft is extremely vulnerable to damage due to excessive instantaneous torque. Frequent torque impacts will accelerate the wear of the key components of the equipment, shorten the overall service life of the anchor winch, and increase the ship maintenance cost. In addition, the traditional anchor winch also has deficiencies in the guiding of the anchor chain. The anchor chain is prone to entanglement and jamming during the process of paying out and retrieving, which not only affects the operation efficiency, but also may cause uneven local stress on the anchor chain, reducing the strength and reliability of the anchor chain. Moreover, when the paying out and retrieving of the anchor chain is completed, the locking method of the transmission shaft of the traditional anchor winch is relatively simple, making it difficult to resist the swaying of the ship in bad sea conditions. The transmission shaft is likely to rotate accidentally, loosening the anchor chain and endangering the mooring safety of the ship. To solve the above problems of traditional marine anchor winches in aspects such as paying out and retrieving control, buffer protection, anchor chain guiding, and locking and fixing, it is extremely urgent to develop an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch with reasonable structure and reliable performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch to solve the problems of low operation efficiency, poor paying out and retrieving control accuracy, insufficient buffer protection, poor anchor chain guiding, and unreliable locking and fixing of traditional marine anchor winches.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a marine windlass automatic retracting device, including an outer housing, an installation cavity, an anchor chain drum, a transmission shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism, a retracting and releasing mechanism, an anchor chain, and a retracting and releasing port; an installation cavity is provided inside the outer housing, and a retracting and releasing port is opened at the lower right side of the installation cavity; the transmission shaft is movably connected to the center of the left side of the installation cavity; the anchor chain drum is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity, and the center inside of the anchor chain drum is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft; the first motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the front left side of the outer housing, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the center of the front side of the transmission shaft; the buffer mechanism is provided outside the rear left side of the outer housing, and the buffer mechanism is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft; the retracting and releasing mechanism is provided on the right side of the installation cavity; one side of the anchor chain is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum through the retracting and releasing port and the retracting and releasing mechanism in sequence.

[0005] Preferably, the specific structure of the buffer mechanism includes a fixed housing, an adjustable buffer mechanism, an oil hole, a small hole, a guide hole, a first spring, a movable top block, a locking mechanism, a circular cavity, a ring body, a movable block, and a roller; the adjustable buffer mechanism is provided inside the left side of the outer housing, an oil hole is provided inside the edge of the outer housing, and one side opening of the oil hole is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism; the circular cavity is provided inside the center of the fixed housing, several guide holes are opened around the circular cavity, and the guide holes are all connected to the inside of the oil hole through small holes; there are several movable top blocks, and the several movable top blocks are respectively movably connected inside the corresponding guide holes, and a first spring is provided between the inner sides of the several movable top blocks and the inside of the corresponding guide holes; there are two locking mechanisms, and the two locking mechanisms are respectively provided inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity; the ring body is movably connected inside the circular cavity; the movable block is movably connected to the inner side of the ring body, one side inside of the movable block is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft, and a roller is movably connected to the other side inside of the movable block, and the roller is connected to the inner wall of the ring body.

[0006] Preferably, the specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism includes an oil cavity, a piston, a second spring, a slider, a screw rod, and a second motor; the oil cavity is provided inside the center of the left side of the fixed housing, and the upper side opening of the oil cavity is connected to one side opening of the oil hole; the piston is movably connected to the upper side of the oil cavity; the second motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower left side of the fixed housing; the screw rod is movably connected to the lower side of the oil cavity, and the center of the lower side of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the upper side of the second motor; the outside of the slider is movably connected to the lower side of the oil cavity, the threaded hole provided on the left side of the slider is connected to the screw rod, and a second spring is provided between the upper side of the slider and the lower side of the piston.

[0007] Preferably, the second motor is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

[0008] Preferably, the specific structure of the locking mechanism includes an oil cylinder, a connecting block, a sliding hole, an elastic ring, a limiting block and a locking block; the oil cylinder is fixedly connected inside the edge of the fixed housing, the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting block, and a sliding hole is arranged inside the connecting block; one side of the limiting block is movably connected inside the sliding hole, and the other end of the limiting block is fixedly connected with a locking block; an elastic ring is arranged between the locking block and the connecting block.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting block is in a T shape.

[0010] Preferably, the specific structure of the retracting and releasing mechanism includes a turntable, a driving device, a connecting shaft and a guide sprocket; there are two turntables, and the two turntables are respectively movably connected to the front and rear positions on the right side of the installation cavity. The upper and lower positions between the two turntables are fixedly connected by a connecting shaft, and guide sprockets are movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft; the driving device is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing, and the driving device is connected to the central axis of the rear turntable.

[0011] Preferably, the specific structure of the driving device includes a driving housing, a worm gear, a motor three, a driving gear, a driven gear and a worm; the driving housing is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing; the worm gear is movably connected inside the center of the driving housing, and the center of the worm gear is fixedly connected to the central axis of the turntable; the motor three is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the lower side of the motor three; the worm is movably connected inside the right side of the driving housing, the worm is connected to the worm gear, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper side of the worm, and the driven gear is connected to the driving gear.

[0012] Preferably, the motor one is a reduction motor.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The structure of the present invention is reasonable and simple, the production cost is low, and the installation is convenient. When anchoring, through the coordinated operation of the motor, a specific transmission structure and the retracting and releasing mechanism, the anchor chain is guided to be released smoothly and orderly, avoiding entanglement and jamming, and can also slow down the release speed of the anchor chain to assist the ship to berth accurately. (2) During the anchoring and weighing anchor processes of the present invention, the buffer mechanism and the adjustable buffer mechanism cooperate to effectively buffer the torque change of the transmission shaft, adapt to different working conditions, protect the key components of the equipment, extend the service life and reduce the maintenance cost. (3) When weighing anchor in the present invention, the retracting and releasing mechanism works in reverse, and can orderly introduce the anchor chain outside the ship and wind it around the anchor chain drum. At the same time, the buffer mechanism continues to play a role to prevent the sudden change of the transmission shaft torque caused by the force or speed change. (4) After the anchor chain retracting and releasing is completed in the present invention, the locking mechanism can effectively lock the transmission shaft, resist the shaking of the ship, prevent the anchor chain from loosening, and ensure the safety of the ship's berthing. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view of.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustable buffer mechanism.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the retracting and extending mechanism.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device.

[0021] 1 - outer housing; 2 - installation cavity; 3 - anchor chain drum; 4 - transmission shaft; 5 - motor 1; 6 - buffer mechanism; 7 - retracting and extending mechanism; 8 - anchor chain; 9 - retracting and extending opening; 61 - fixed housing; 62 - adjustable buffer mechanism; 63 - oil hole; 64 - small hole; 65 - guide hole; 66 - spring 1; 67 - movable top block; 68 - locking mechanism; 69 - circular cavity; 610 - ring body; 611 - movable block; 612 - roller; 621 - oil cavity; 622 - piston; 623 - spring 2; 624 - slider; 625 - screw; 626 - motor 2; 681 - oil cylinder; 682 - connecting block; 683 - sliding hole; 684 - elastic ring; 685 - limiting block; 686 - locking block; 71 - turntable; 72 - driving device; 73 - connecting shaft; 74 - guide sprocket; 721 - driving housing; 722 - worm gear; 723 - motor 3; 724 - driving gear; 725 - driven gear; 726 - worm. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the following technical solutions are adopted in this specific embodiment: A marine anchor winch automatic retraction device includes a housing 1, an installation cavity 2, an anchor chain drum 3, a transmission shaft 4, a first motor 5, a buffer mechanism 6, a retraction and release mechanism 7, an anchor chain 8, and a retraction and release port 9. An installation cavity 2 is provided inside the housing 1, and a retraction and release port 9 is opened at the lower right side of the installation cavity 2. The transmission shaft 4 is movably connected to the center of the left side of the installation cavity 2. The anchor chain drum 3 is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity 2, and the center inside the anchor chain drum 3 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 4. The first motor 5 is fixedly connected to the outside of the front left side of the housing 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 5 is fixedly connected to the center of the front side of the transmission shaft 4. The buffer mechanism 6 is provided on the outside of the rear left side of the housing 1, and the buffer mechanism 6 is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft 4. The retraction and release mechanism 7 is provided on the right side of the installation cavity 2. One side of the anchor chain 8 is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum 3 through the retraction and release port 9 and the retraction and release mechanism 7 in sequence.

[0023] As Figure 3 shown, the specific structure of the buffer mechanism 6 includes a fixed housing 61, an adjustable buffer mechanism 62, an oil hole 63, a small hole 64, a guide hole 65, a first spring 66, a movable top block 67, a locking mechanism 68, a circular cavity 69, a ring body 610, a movable block 611, and a roller 612. The adjustable buffer mechanism 62 is provided inside the left side of the housing 1, and the oil hole 63 is provided inside the edge of the housing 1, and one side opening of the oil hole 63 is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism 62. The circular cavity 69 is provided inside the center of the fixed housing 61. Several guide holes 65 are opened around the circular cavity 69, and the guide holes 65 are all connected to the inside of the oil hole 63 through the small holes 64. The number of movable top blocks 67 is several, and the several movable top blocks 67 are respectively movably connected inside the corresponding guide holes 65. A first spring 66 is provided between the inner sides of the several movable top blocks 67 and the inside of the corresponding guide holes 65. The number of locking mechanisms 68 is two, and the two locking mechanisms 68 are respectively provided inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity 69. The ring body 610 is movably connected inside the circular cavity 69. The movable block 611 is movably connected to the inside of the ring body 610. One side inside the movable block 611 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 4, and the other side inside the movable block 611 is movably connected to the roller 612, and the roller 612 is connected to the inner wall of the ring body 610.

[0024] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism 62 includes an oil chamber 621, a piston 622, a second spring 623, a slider 624, a screw rod 625, and a second motor 626; the oil chamber 621 is arranged inside the center of the left side of the fixed housing 61, and the upper opening of the oil chamber 621 is connected to the opening of one side of the oil hole 63; the piston 622 is movably connected to the upper side of the oil chamber 621; the second motor 626 is fixedly connected inside the lower left side of the fixed housing 61; the screw rod 625 is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber 621, and the center of the lower side of the screw rod 625 is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the upper side of the second motor 626; the outer part of the slider 624 is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber 621, the threaded hole arranged on the left side of the slider 624 is connected to the screw rod 625, and a second spring 623 is arranged between the upper side of the slider 624 and the lower side of the piston 622.

[0025] Among them, the second motor 626 is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

[0026] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the specific structure of the locking mechanism 68 includes an oil cylinder 681, a connecting block 682, a sliding hole 683, an elastic ring 684, a limiting block 685, and a locking block 686; the oil cylinder 681 is fixedly connected inside the edge of the fixed housing 61, the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 681 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 682, and a sliding hole 683 is arranged inside the connecting block 682; the outer part of one side of the limiting block 685 is movably connected inside the sliding hole 683, and the end of the other side of the limiting block 685 is fixedly connected with a locking block 686; an elastic ring 684 is arranged between the locking block 686 and the connecting block 682.

[0027] Among them, the limiting block 685 is in a T shape.

[0028] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the specific structure of the retracting and extending mechanism 7 includes a turntable 71, a driving device 72, a connecting shaft 73, and a guide sprocket 74; there are two turntables 71, and the two turntables 71 are respectively movably connected to the front and rear positions on the right side of the installation cavity 2, and the upper and lower positions between the two turntables 71 are fixedly connected through a connecting shaft 73, and guide sprockets 74 are movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft 73; the driving device 72 is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing 1, and the driving device 72 is connected to the central axis of the rear turntable 71.

[0029] As Figure 7As shown, the specific structure of the driving device 72 includes a driving housing 721, a worm gear 722, a third motor 723, a driving gear 724, a driven gear 725, and a worm 726; the driving housing 721 is fixedly connected to the outer right rear side of the outer housing 1; the worm gear 722 is movably connected to the central interior of the driving housing 721, and the central interior of the worm gear 722 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the turntable 71; the third motor 723 is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing 721, and a driving gear 724 is fixedly connected to the lower output shaft of the third motor 723; the worm 726 is movably connected to the right interior of the driving housing 721, the worm 726 is connected to the worm gear 722, a driven gear 725 is fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the worm 726, and the driven gear 725 is connected to the driving gear 724.

[0030] Among them, the first motor 5 is a reduction motor.

[0031] The usage state of the present invention is as follows: The present invention has a reasonable and simple structure, low production cost, and convenient installation. When anchoring, first start the first motor 5. The first motor 5 is a reduction motor, and its output shaft drives the transmission shaft 4 to rotate. Since the central interior of the anchor chain drum 3 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 4, the anchor chain drum 3 rotates counterclockwise accordingly, and starts to release the anchor chain 8. The anchor chain 8 is released from the anchor chain drum 3, and successively passes through the retracting and releasing mechanism 7 and the retracting and releasing port 9 and falls outside the ship. The retracting and releasing mechanism 7 starts to work. The driving device 72 is started, and the third motor 723 operates. The driving gear 724 on its lower output shaft drives the driven gear 725 to rotate. The driven gear 725 is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper side of the worm 726, so that the worm 726 rotates. The worm 726 is connected to the worm gear 722 and drives the worm gear 722 to rotate. The central interior of the worm gear 722 is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the turntable 71, and further makes the two turntables 71 rotate synchronously by a certain angle. The connecting shaft 73 at the upper and lower positions between the two turntables 71 drives the guide sprocket 74 to rotate by a certain angle. The guide sprocket 74 guides the anchor chain 8 to be smoothly and orderly released through the retracting and releasing port 9, avoiding entanglement or jamming of the anchor chain 8. In addition, by changing the direction of the anchor chain 8 when it is released, the speed of the anchor chain 8 being released can be slowed down. As the anchor chain 8 is continuously released, the ship is gradually fixed at the designated position. During this process, the buffer mechanism 6 plays a role. The movable block 611 rotates together with the transmission shaft 4, and the roller 612 on one side of the movable block 611 rolls on the inner wall of the ring body 610. When the release speed of the anchor chain 8 is too fast or the ship is impacted by external forces such as water flow and wind and waves, the transmission shaft 4 will generate a certain instantaneous torque change. At this time, several movable top blocks 67 are in the corresponding guide holes 65, and through the elastic action of the first spring 66, a radial buffer force is applied to the ring body 610, and then the transmission shaft 4 is buffered against torque through the roller 612 and the movable block 611. At the same time, the adjustable buffer mechanism 62 is also working. The second motor 626 (servo motor or stepping motor) is started, and its output shaft drives the screw 625 to rotate. The screw 625 is threadedly connected to the slider 624. The slider 624 moves under the lower side of the oil chamber 621, and the piston 622 is pushed by the second spring 623 to move up and down in the oil chamber 621. The upper opening of the oil chamber 621 is communicated with one opening of the oil hole 63, and the oil hole 63 is further communicated with the guide holes 65 around the circular chamber 69 through the small holes 64. The movement of the piston 622 changes the pressure of the oil in the oil chamber, so as to adjust the magnitude of the buffer force at the movable top block 67 to adapt to different working conditions. When it is necessary to weigh anchor, start the first motor 5, and its output shaft drives the transmission shaft 4 to rotate. The anchor chain drum 3 rotates accordingly, and starts to wind up the anchor chain 8. The retracting and releasing mechanism 7 works in the reverse direction. The third motor 723 rotates in the reverse direction. Through the transmission of the driving gear 724, the driven gear 725, the worm 726 and the worm gear 722, the turntable 71 rotates in the reverse direction. The guide sprocket 74 introduces the anchor chain 8 outside the ship from the retracting and releasing port 9 and orderly winds it around the anchor chain drum 3. The buffer mechanism 6 continues to play a role to prevent torque mutation of the transmission shaft 4 caused by sudden force or motor speed change during the process of weighing anchor.Its working principle is similar to that when anchoring. Through the cooperation of components such as the movable top block 67, the first spring 66, and the adjustable buffer mechanism 62, it plays a buffering and protective role for the transmission shaft 4. During the entire process of weighing anchor, if the buffering force needs to be adjusted, it can be achieved by controlling the operation of the second motor 626. When the anchor chain 8 is retracted and released, it is necessary to lock and fix the transmission shaft 4 to prevent it from accidentally rotating due to reasons such as the ship's swaying. At this time, the locking mechanism 68 starts to work. The two oil cylinders 681 are started respectively, and their piston rods extend, pushing the connecting block 682 to move towards the center of the circular cavity 69. The limiting block 685 (in a T shape) in the sliding hole 683 inside the connecting block 682 slides in the sliding hole 683, and the locking block 686 at the other end of the limiting block 685 moves towards the center of the circular cavity 69 accordingly. When the locking block 686 contacts the ring body 610, under the elastic action of the elastic ring 684, the locking block 686 tightly clamps the ring body 610, thereby restricting the rotation of the movable block 611, and further locking and fixing the transmission shaft 4.,

[0032] The control method of the present invention is controlled by manual start or through existing automation technologies. The wiring diagram of the power element and the power supply are common knowledge in the art, and the present invention mainly aims to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and wiring layout will not be explained in detail in the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the invention.

[0034] In the invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation", "swivel connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0035] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch, characterized in that: It comprises an outer shell (1), a mounting cavity (2), an anchor chain drum (3), a transmission shaft (4), a motor 1 (5), a buffer mechanism (6), a retracting and releasing mechanism (7), an anchor chain (8) and a retracting and releasing opening (9); The outer shell (1) is provided with a mounting cavity (2) inside, and a receiving opening (9) is provided on the lower right side of the mounting cavity (2); A transmission shaft (4) is movably connected to the center of the left side of the installation cavity (2); The anchor chain drum (3) is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity (2), and the central interior of the anchor chain drum (3) is fixedly connected to the exterior of the transmission shaft (4); The motor 1 (5) is fixedly connected to the outside of the left front side of the outer shell (1), and the output shaft of the motor 1 (5) is fixedly connected to the front center of the transmission shaft (4); The buffer mechanism (6) is arranged on the outside of the left rear side of the outer shell (1), and the buffer mechanism (6) is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft (4); The retractable mechanism (7) is arranged on the right side of the installation cavity (2); One side of the anchor chain (8) is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum (3) through the retracting opening (9) and the retracting mechanism (7) in sequence.

2. The automatic retracting device for marine anchor winch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the buffer mechanism (6) includes a fixed housing (61), an adjustable buffer mechanism (62), an oil hole (63), a small hole (64), a guide hole (65), a spring (66), a movable top block (67), a locking mechanism (68), a circular cavity (69), a ring body (610), a movable block (611) and a roller (612); An adjustable buffer mechanism (62) is provided inside the left side of the outer shell (1), an oil hole (63) is provided inside the edge of the outer shell (1), and an opening on one side of the oil hole (63) is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism (62); The circular cavity (69) is arranged in the center of the fixed housing (61), and a plurality of guide holes (65) are opened around the circular cavity (69), and the guide holes (65) are all connected to the inside of the oil hole (63) through the small hole (64); There are a plurality of movable top blocks (67), and the plurality of movable top blocks (67) are movably connected to the inside of the corresponding guide holes (65), and a spring 1 (66) is provided between the inner sides of the plurality of movable top blocks (67) and the inside of the corresponding guide holes (65); There are two locking mechanisms (68), and the two locking mechanisms (68) are respectively arranged inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity (69); The ring body (610) is movably connected inside the circular cavity (69); The movable block (611) is movably connected to the inner side of the ring body (610), one side of the movable block (611) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft (4), and the other side of the movable block (611) is movably connected to a roller (612), and the roller (612) is connected to the inner wall of the ring body (610).

3. The automatic retracting device for anchor winch for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism (62) includes an oil chamber (621), a piston (622), a second spring (623), a slider (624), a screw rod (625) and a second motor (626); The oil chamber (621) is arranged in the center of the left side of the fixed housing (61), and the upper opening of the oil chamber (621) is connected to the opening on one side of the oil hole (63); The piston (622) is movably connected to the upper side of the oil chamber (621); The second motor (626) is fixedly connected inside the lower left side of the fixed housing (61); The screw rod (625) is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber (621), and the lower center of the screw rod (625) is fixedly connected to the upper output shaft of the second motor (626); The slider (624) is externally movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber (621), a threaded hole arranged on the left side of the slider (624) is connected to a screw rod (625), and a second spring (623) is arranged between the upper side of the slider (624) and the lower side of the piston (622).

4. The automatic retracting device for anchor winch for ship according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second motor (626) is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

5. The automatic retracting device for marine anchor winch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific structure of the locking mechanism (68) includes an oil cylinder (681), a connecting block (682), a sliding hole (683), an elastic ring (684), a limiting block (685) and a locking block (686); The oil cylinder (681) is fixedly connected to the inside of the edge of the fixed housing (61); the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (681) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (682); and a sliding hole (683) is provided inside the connecting block (682); One side of the limit block (685) is movably connected to the inside of the slide hole (683), and the other end of the limit block (685) is fixedly connected to a locking block (686); An elastic ring (684) is provided between the locking block (686) and the connecting block (682).

6. The automatic retracting device for marine anchor winch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting block (685) is in a T shape.

7. The automatic retracting device for anchor winch for ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the retractable mechanism (7) includes a rotating disk (71), a driving device (72), a connecting shaft (73) and a guide sprocket (74); There are two rotating disks (71), and the two rotating disks (71) are movably connected to the front and rear positions of the right side of the installation cavity (2), and the upper and lower positions of the two rotating disks (71) are fixedly connected by a connecting shaft (73), and the outside of the connecting shaft (73) is movably connected to a guide chain wheel (74); The driving device (72) is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer shell (1), and the driving device (72) is connected to the central axis of the rear turntable (71).

8. The automatic retracting device for anchor winch for ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific structure of the driving device (72) includes a driving housing (721), a worm gear (722), a third motor (723), a driving gear (724), a driven gear (725) and a worm (726); The drive housing (721) is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing (1); The worm wheel (722) is movably connected to the central interior of the driving housing (721), and the central interior of the worm wheel (722) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the rotating disk (71); The motor three (723) is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing (721), and a driving gear (724) is fixedly connected to the output shaft at the lower side of the motor three (723); The worm (726) is movably connected to the inside of the right side of the driving housing (721), the worm (726) is connected to the worm wheel (722), the upper side of the worm (726) is fixedly connected to a driven gear (725), and the driven gear (725) is connected to the driving gear (724).

9. The automatic retracting device for marine anchor winch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor 1 (5) is a reduction motor.

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