Finite element model establishing method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for establishing a railway vehicle part model based on a finite element technology, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicle design, the method comprises the following steps: establishing a geometric shape of a part finite element model, and setting materials and attributes of the part finite element model; establishing constraint conditions of the finite element model of the part; a load working condition is established, and the finite element model of the part is analyzed and calculated under the specified load working condition; setting a design variable, and selecting the type of the design variable; setting an optimization response according to the actual function of the component; and designing an optimization target to obtain an optimized finite element model of the part. By integrating finite element analysis and a multi-objective optimization technology, the design cycle of the parts of the railway vehicle is remarkably shortened, and on the premise of meeting international standards and functional requirements, the material redundancy rate and the production cost are reduced, and the product development efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of rail vehicle design, and particularly relates to a method and device for establishing a finite element model. Background Art

[0002] With the comprehensive and rapid development of trains, the product update speed of trains has accelerated, the train design cycle has become shorter and shorter, and the requirements for products have become higher and higher. Shortening the R & D cycle is one of the core issues in train structure design. Therefore, it has become an urgent task to quickly design components that meet the loads specified in the standards. Design differentiated products according to standard requirements and customer requirements, and meet both functional requirements and standard requirements at the same time.

[0003] Therefore, to meet the actual needs, a method and device for establishing a finite element model are provided herein. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for establishing a finite element model, which introduce finite element technology for model establishment work, while reducing the design of rail vehicle products, meet standard requirements and functional needs, have high material utilization rate, and save production costs.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for establishing a finite element model, and the method includes the following steps:

[0007] Establish the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component, and set the material and properties of the finite element model of the component;

[0008] Establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model of the component;

[0009] Establish load conditions, and analyze and calculate the finite element model of the component under the specified load conditions;

[0010] Set design variables, and select the types of the design variables;

[0011] Set the optimization response according to the actual function of the component;

[0012] Design the optimization objective to obtain the optimized finite element model of the component.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the constraint condition is a degree-of-freedom constraint.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, the optimization response set according to the actual function of the component includes volume response, static stress response, and static displacement response.

[0016] On the basis of the above technical solution, the optimization goal is the minimum volume.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a finite element model establishment device, and the device includes:

[0018] A model pre - establishment module, which is used to establish the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component parts and set the materials and properties of the finite element model of the component parts;

[0019] A condition establishment module, which is used to establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model of the component parts;

[0020] A working condition establishment module, which is used to establish load working conditions and analyze and calculate the finite element model of the component parts under the specified load working conditions;

[0021] A variable design module, which is used to set design variables and select the types of the design variables;

[0022] A response optimization module, which is used to set optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components;

[0023] A model optimization module, which is used to design optimization goals and obtain the optimized finite element model of the component parts.

[0024] On the basis of the above technical solution, the constraint condition is a degree - of - freedom constraint.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical solution, the types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

[0026] On the basis of the above technical solution, the optimization response set according to the actual function of the component includes volume response, static stress response, and static displacement response.

[0027] On the basis of the above technical solution, the optimization goal is the minimum volume.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0029] The present application introduces finite element technology for model establishment work. While reducing the design of rail vehicle products, it meets the standard requirements and functional needs, has a high material utilization rate, and saves production costs. Description of the Drawings

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of a finite element model establishment method for an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a component finite element model in a finite element model establishment method for an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optimized component finite element model in a finite element model establishment method for an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of a finite element model establishment device for an embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] The following further elaborates on the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings.

[0037] The embodiments of the present application provide a finite element model establishment method and device, which introduce finite element technology for model establishment work. While reducing the design of rail vehicle products, they meet the standard requirements and functional needs, with high material utilization rate and cost savings in production.

[0038] To achieve the above technical effects, the overall idea of the present application is as follows:

[0039] A finite element model establishment method, which includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Establish the geometric shape of the component finite element model and set the material and properties of the component finite element model;

[0041] S2. Establish the constraint conditions of the component finite element model;

[0042] S3. Establish load cases and perform analysis and calculation on the finite element model of the component under the specified load cases;

[0043] S4. Set design variables and select the types of design variables;

[0044] S5. Set optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components;

[0045] S6. Design optimization objectives to obtain the optimized finite element model of the component.

[0046] The following further elaborates on the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] In the first aspect, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 , the embodiments of the present application provide a method for establishing a finite element model, and the method includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Establish the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component and set the material and properties of the finite element model of the component;

[0049] S2. Establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model of the component;

[0050] S3. Establish load cases and perform analysis and calculation on the finite element model of the component under the specified load cases;

[0051] S4. Set design variables and select the types of design variables;

[0052] S5. Set optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components;

[0053] S6. Design optimization objectives to obtain the optimized finite element model of the component.

[0054] It should be noted that the core of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application is as follows:

[0055] Construct a finite element model of the component based on the geometric shape and configure the material properties and physical parameters;

[0056] Apply degrees of freedom constraint conditions;

[0057] Define multi-case loads and perform numerical analysis;

[0058] Set the solid element and design area attributes as design variables;

[0059] Configure volume, static stress, and static displacement responses as optimization objectives based on the functional requirements of the component;

[0060] Generate a lightweight model with high material utilization rate through the minimum volume optimization algorithm.

[0061] This application integrates finite element analysis and multi-objective optimization technologies, significantly shortening the design cycle of railway vehicle components. On the premise of meeting international standards (such as EN12663) and functional requirements, it reduces the material redundancy rate and production cost, and improves the product development efficiency.

[0062] In the embodiment of this application, the finite element technology is introduced for model establishment work. While reducing the design of railway vehicle products, it meets the standard requirements and functional needs, resulting in high material utilization rate and cost savings in production.

[0063] Further, the constraint condition is the degree-of-freedom constraint.

[0064] Further, the types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

[0065] Further, setting the optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components includes volume response, static stress response, and static displacement response.

[0066] Further, the optimization objective is the minimum volume.

[0067] Based on the technical solution of the embodiment of this application, in specific implementation, the specific process is as follows:

[0068] Step 1: Establish the geometric shape of a finite element model, and set the material and properties of the finite element model. The material is steel, and the property is simulated by solid psolid here.

[0069] Step 2: Establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model;

[0070] The degree-of-freedom constraint is adopted here.

[0071] Step 3: Establish the load conditions according to EN_12663 and the actual usage, and analyze and calculate the components under the specified load conditions.

[0072] Step 4: Set the Design Variable and select the type of the design variable;

[0073] Solid elements are adopted here, and the Design of the design region attribute is selected.

[0074] Step 5: Set the optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components;

[0075] The Volume Response, Static Stress Response, and Static Displacement Response are adopted here.

[0076] Step 6: Design the optimization objective, where the objective can be the minimum mass or the minimum volume.

[0077] The specific situation of this application is as follows:

[0078] First, establish a finite element geometric shape with set dimensions, set the design area and non-design area, and create the materials and properties corresponding to the model.

[0079] Secondly, establish constraints according to the actual usage conditions, including displacement constraints and degree-of-freedom constraints.

[0080] Then, establish load cases according to EN_12663 and the actual usage. The load cases can be acceleration cases, force cases, pressure cases, etc.

[0081] Then, set the Design Variable, select the type of the design variable. The types include solid elements, shell elements, spring elements, weld elements, etc. Here, solid elements are adopted.

[0082] Then, set the optimization response according to the actual function of the component; the response types can be mass response, mass distribution response, volume response, inertia response, frequency response, buckling response, force response, strain response, stress response, displacement response, etc. The material distribution can be continuously adjusted to optimize the material utilization rate to the highest. Here, static stress response and static displacement response are used.

[0083] Then, set the constraint conditions according to the actual usage of the model, set the upper and lower limits of the constraints under the required conditions, corresponding to the response in the previous step. Here, static stress response constraints and displacement response constraints are set.

[0084] Finally, design the optimization objective, where the objective can be the minimum mass, the minimum volume, etc. Finally, calculate the geometric model that meets the requirements according to the above parameter settings.

[0085] This model can be directly used in actual rail vehicles, can well meet the load requirements of rail vehicles during rail operation, shortens the product development time, and improves work efficiency.

[0086] In summary, in the current product development process, it takes a lot of time and repeated verification and modification to establish components that meet the requirements, so as to achieve component products that meet the standard requirements. Moreover, in the later stage, it is also necessary to verify whether the components will have problems such as plastic deformation and fracture through tests and finite element calculations. Based on the technical solution of the embodiment of this application, the time for product development is greatly reduced, the work efficiency and product material utilization rate are improved, the R & D cycle is shortened, and the R & D cost is reduced.

[0087] Second aspect, seeFigure 4 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application provides a finite element model establishment device, which includes:

[0088] A model pre - establishment module, which is used to establish the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component and set the material and properties of the finite element model of the component;

[0089] A condition establishment module, which is used to establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model of the component;

[0090] A working condition establishment module, which is used to establish a load working condition and analyze and calculate the finite element model of the component under the specified load working condition;

[0091] A variable design module, which is used to set design variables and select the types of the design variables;

[0092] A response optimization module, which is used to set optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components;

[0093] A model optimization module, which is used to design optimization objectives and obtain an optimized finite element model of the component.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the finite element technology is introduced for model establishment work, which while reducing the design of railway vehicle products, meets the standard requirements and functional needs, has a high material utilization rate, and saves production costs.

[0095] Further, the constraint condition is a degree - of - freedom constraint.

[0096] Further, the types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

[0097] Further, setting the optimization responses according to the actual functions of the components includes volume response, static stress response, and static displacement response.

[0098] Further, the optimization objective is the minimum volume.

[0099] It should be noted that for the finite element model establishment device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding technical problems, technical solutions, and technical effects are similar at the technical principle level, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0100] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0101] It should be noted that in the present application, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0102] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A finite element modeling method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Establishing the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component, and setting the material and properties of the finite element model of the component; Establishing constraints for the finite element model of the component; Establish load conditions, and analyze and calculate the finite element model of the component under the specified load conditions; Set design variables and select the type of the design variables; Set the optimized response according to the actual function of the component; Design optimization objectives and obtain the finite element model of optimized components.

2. The finite element modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraint condition is a degree of freedom constraint.

3. The finite element modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: The types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

4. The finite element modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: The optimization response set according to the actual function of the component includes volume response, static stress response and static displacement response.

5. The finite element modeling method according to claim 1, wherein: The optimization target is the minimum volume.

6. A finite element model building device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A model pre-building module, which is used to establish the geometric shape of the finite element model of the component and set the material and properties of the finite element model of the component; A condition establishment module, which is used to establish the constraint conditions of the finite element model of the component; A working condition establishment module, which is used to establish a load working condition and analyze and calculate the finite element model of the component under the specified load working condition; A variable design module, which is used to set design variables and select the type of the design variables; A response optimization module, which is used to set an optimized response according to the actual function of the component; The model optimization module is used to design the optimization target and obtain the finite element model of the optimized component.

7. The finite element model building device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The constraint condition is a degree of freedom constraint.

8. The finite element model building device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The types of the design variables are solid elements and design region attributes.

9. The finite element model building device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optimization response set according to the actual function of the component includes volume response, static stress response and static displacement response.

10. The finite element model building device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optimization target is the minimum volume.

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